Xiao-song Wang, P. Narayana, A. K. Maurya, H. Kim, B. Hur, N. Reddy
Chemical composition affects the properties and the martensite start (Ms) temperature of steels. This study predicts the Ms temperature of high carbon steel via artificial neural networks. Meanwhile, it enables us to estimate the quantitative effect of alloying elements on the Ms temperature on a sizeable selectable scale, which is the first time to release such results exactly. Compared to the previous formulas, this one is simple, visual, with high accuracy.
{"title":"Modeling the Quantitative Effect of Alloying Elements on the Ms Temperature of High Carbon Steel by Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"Xiao-song Wang, P. Narayana, A. K. Maurya, H. Kim, B. Hur, N. Reddy","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3889918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3889918","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical composition affects the properties and the martensite start (Ms) temperature of steels. This study predicts the Ms temperature of high carbon steel via artificial neural networks. Meanwhile, it enables us to estimate the quantitative effect of alloying elements on the Ms temperature on a sizeable selectable scale, which is the first time to release such results exactly. Compared to the previous formulas, this one is simple, visual, with high accuracy.","PeriodicalId":376919,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN: Electrochemical Energy Engineering (EnergyRN) (Topic)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129354609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xing Zhang, B. Mao, L. Mushongera, J. Kundin, Y. Liao
Abstract Metal additive manufacturing (AM) improves the design flexibility of titanium aluminides (TiAl-based alloys) as a new class of high-temperature alloys towards widespread applications. In this work, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the site-specific thermal history and grain evolution during laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) of TiAl-based alloys are investigated through an integrated computational and experimental effort. In specific, a multiphysics modeling framework integrating a finite element thermal model with a highly efficient phase-field method is developed to simulate the solidification microstructure at different locations within the melt pool during LPBF processing. The investigation of process-microstructure relationship is accomplished using a Ti-45Al (at.%) alloy for a binary approximation, with a focus on site-specific primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS) and non-equilibrium microsegregation. The microstructural sensitivity to spatial variations, individual processing parameters, and misorientation angle between the preferred crystalline orientation and the temperature gradient direction are studied to thoroughly understand the rapid solidification during LPBF. LPBF experiments are carried out to validate the modeling results in terms of melt pool dimensions and site-specific PDAS across the melt pool. The knowledge gained in this work will benefit the development of AM processing routine for fabrication of high-performance TiAl-based alloys towards extensive applications.
{"title":"Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Titanium Aluminides: An Investigation on Site-Specific Microstructure Evolution Mechanism","authors":"Xing Zhang, B. Mao, L. Mushongera, J. Kundin, Y. Liao","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3805263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3805263","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Metal additive manufacturing (AM) improves the design flexibility of titanium aluminides (TiAl-based alloys) as a new class of high-temperature alloys towards widespread applications. In this work, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the site-specific thermal history and grain evolution during laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) of TiAl-based alloys are investigated through an integrated computational and experimental effort. In specific, a multiphysics modeling framework integrating a finite element thermal model with a highly efficient phase-field method is developed to simulate the solidification microstructure at different locations within the melt pool during LPBF processing. The investigation of process-microstructure relationship is accomplished using a Ti-45Al (at.%) alloy for a binary approximation, with a focus on site-specific primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS) and non-equilibrium microsegregation. The microstructural sensitivity to spatial variations, individual processing parameters, and misorientation angle between the preferred crystalline orientation and the temperature gradient direction are studied to thoroughly understand the rapid solidification during LPBF. LPBF experiments are carried out to validate the modeling results in terms of melt pool dimensions and site-specific PDAS across the melt pool. The knowledge gained in this work will benefit the development of AM processing routine for fabrication of high-performance TiAl-based alloys towards extensive applications.","PeriodicalId":376919,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN: Electrochemical Energy Engineering (EnergyRN) (Topic)","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122597880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this paper, the temperature-dependent photoluminescence properties of Ba1-xMgSiO4:xEu2+ (0.01≤x≤0.07) are investigated. The room temperature excitation and emission spectra indicate that the doping Eu2+ ions occupy three different Ba2+ sites. With rising the temperature, the spectra shape of Ba1-xMgSiO4:xEu2+ (x=0.02) changes significantly in the region of 400-650 nm. The emission at 492 nm has a significant red-shift. The intensity of the emission displays a nonlinear dependence on the temperature. The temperature-dependent luminescent properties are systematically investigated by analyzing the energy transfer among the Eu2+ ions in Ba1-xMgSiO4:xEu2+ (0.01≤x≤0.07). When the temperature rises from 298 to 523 K, the color coordinates of Ba1-xMgSiO4:xEu2+ (x=0.02) first shift to the green and then to the red region. The maximal value of the absolute and relative sensitivity of Ba1-xMgSiO4:xEu2+ (x=0.02) is 4.242 × 10−3 K−1 (at 423 K) and 0.3244 % K−1 (at 398 K), respectively.
{"title":"Temperature Dependent Luminescent Characterization of BaMgSiO 4:Eu 2+ Phosphor","authors":"Dan Wang, Lingli Wang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3708720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3708720","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, the temperature-dependent photoluminescence properties of Ba1-xMgSiO4:xEu2+ (0.01≤x≤0.07) are investigated. The room temperature excitation and emission spectra indicate that the doping Eu2+ ions occupy three different Ba2+ sites. With rising the temperature, the spectra shape of Ba1-xMgSiO4:xEu2+ (x=0.02) changes significantly in the region of 400-650 nm. The emission at 492 nm has a significant red-shift. The intensity of the emission displays a nonlinear dependence on the temperature. The temperature-dependent luminescent properties are systematically investigated by analyzing the energy transfer among the Eu2+ ions in Ba1-xMgSiO4:xEu2+ (0.01≤x≤0.07). When the temperature rises from 298 to 523 K, the color coordinates of Ba1-xMgSiO4:xEu2+ (x=0.02) first shift to the green and then to the red region. The maximal value of the absolute and relative sensitivity of Ba1-xMgSiO4:xEu2+ (x=0.02) is 4.242 × 10−3 K−1 (at 423 K) and 0.3244 % K−1 (at 398 K), respectively.","PeriodicalId":376919,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN: Electrochemical Energy Engineering (EnergyRN) (Topic)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123601750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xing Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Z. Fang, Hongyu Yang, Z. Xiong, Hongcheng Yang, Shuren Zhang, B. Tang
The new types of multi-component Li3+xMg2-2xNb1-xTi2xO6 (0≤x≤1) solid-solution ceramics were designed based on the Li2TiO3-Li3NbO4-MgO pseudo ternary phase diagram and studied for millimeter-wave applications. The ceramics showed a full range of solid solubility between the Li3Mg2NbO6 and Li2TiO3 endmembers. As the doping content (x) increased, we detected the phase transitions among the orthorhombic, cubic, and monoclinic phase driven by the compositional changes, as well as accompanied with an order-disorder-order transformation. Besides, the smooth orthorhombic-cubic phase transition interfaces were observed in the electron diffraction images for the sample with the low dopant concentration (x=0.2), and the reconstructed superlattices based on the orthorhombic or the cubic structure were both observed nearby the orthorhombic-cubic phase transition interface. The change of Q×f values showed a considerable increase with the emergence of the superlattices, and the enhancement of the Q×f values was related to the very small lattice vibrational anharmonicity in the structures that contain the reconstructed superlattices. Typically, when sintered at 1250 ℃ for 4 h, the ultra-low dielectric loss was achieved in the x=0.2 sample with the properties of er=16.1, Q×f=128,600 GHz (f=9.2 GHz) and τf=-30.4 ppm/℃, and the temperature stable properties were obtained in the x=0.9 sample with er=20.4, Q×f=90,300 GHz (f=7.9 GHz), and τf=2.9 ppm/℃.
{"title":"Lattice Evolution, Ordering Transformation and Microwave Dielectric Properties of Rock-Salt Li3 +xMg 2-2xNb 1-XTi 2xO6 Solid-Solution System: A Newly Developed Pseudo Ternary Phase Diagram","authors":"Xing Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Z. Fang, Hongyu Yang, Z. Xiong, Hongcheng Yang, Shuren Zhang, B. Tang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3681172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3681172","url":null,"abstract":"The new types of multi-component Li3+xMg2-2xNb1-xTi2xO6 (0≤x≤1) solid-solution ceramics were designed based on the Li2TiO3-Li3NbO4-MgO pseudo ternary phase diagram and studied for millimeter-wave applications. The ceramics showed a full range of solid solubility between the Li3Mg2NbO6 and Li2TiO3 endmembers. As the doping content (x) increased, we detected the phase transitions among the orthorhombic, cubic, and monoclinic phase driven by the compositional changes, as well as accompanied with an order-disorder-order transformation. Besides, the smooth orthorhombic-cubic phase transition interfaces were observed in the electron diffraction images for the sample with the low dopant concentration (x=0.2), and the reconstructed superlattices based on the orthorhombic or the cubic structure were both observed nearby the orthorhombic-cubic phase transition interface. The change of Q×f values showed a considerable increase with the emergence of the superlattices, and the enhancement of the Q×f values was related to the very small lattice vibrational anharmonicity in the structures that contain the reconstructed superlattices. Typically, when sintered at 1250 ℃ for 4 h, the ultra-low dielectric loss was achieved in the x=0.2 sample with the properties of er=16.1, Q×f=128,600 GHz (f=9.2 GHz) and τf=-30.4 ppm/℃, and the temperature stable properties were obtained in the x=0.9 sample with er=20.4, Q×f=90,300 GHz (f=7.9 GHz), and τf=2.9 ppm/℃.","PeriodicalId":376919,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN: Electrochemical Energy Engineering (EnergyRN) (Topic)","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131898411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-31DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2020.210718
N. Sokolenko, Yevgeniy Popov, Kateryna Fastovetska
The object of this study is a technology of the new surface-active substances (SAS) based on sulfomethylated phenol. The study's aim was to improve the technology by a catalytic method, implying the development of industrial schemes for the synthesis processes. During phenol sulfomethylation, the active conversion of monomers into polymeric substances starts only at a temperature of 110‒120 °C; the surface-active substances with an optimal polymeric composition were obtained only at a temperature of 130 °C. In the reaction of phenol sulfomethylation in a water environment at a temperature below 90 °C, obtaining SAS with the required properties takes more than 9 hours. The significant disadvantages of this technique are the relatively low yield of the target product and a significant amount of free phenol in the finished product (over 15 percent). It is known that a more powerful and less risky technique to accelerate the reaction than rising the temperature is catalysis. This study investigated the reaction of phenol sulfomethylation under conditions of interphase catalysis. This has made it possible to improve the main technological parameters: the reaction temperature was reduced from 130 °C to 90 °C, the process duration was shortened to 3 hours, to process was conducted at atmospheric pressure. The catalyst used was a cation-active SAS: cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. This makes it possible to simplify the technological scheme of obtaining SAS, that is, to use less energy-intensive and cheap reactors. A benefit of the proposed technology is the low-waste, single-stage production, and the use of available raw materials: phenol, formaldehyde, and sodium sulfite. During the study, the products were obtained that are similar, in terms of the surface-active properties, to the NF Dispersant, which is widely used in the industry. This makes it possible to expand the range of multifunctional surface-active substances with better bio destruction than products based on naphthalene and lignin. According to the results of studying the samples obtained, the scope of their application has been proposed. The resulting products have been tested, with positive results, as the anion-active SAS, used as dispersants in the production of organic dyes, as aligners when dyeing textiles, and as plasticizing additives for concrete mixtures
{"title":"Technology of Obtaining Water-Soluble Surface-Active Substances by the Method of Phenol Sulfomethylation","authors":"N. Sokolenko, Yevgeniy Popov, Kateryna Fastovetska","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2020.210718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.210718","url":null,"abstract":"The object of this study is a technology of the new surface-active substances (SAS) based on sulfomethylated phenol. The study's aim was to improve the technology by a catalytic method, implying the development of industrial schemes for the synthesis processes. During phenol sulfomethylation, the active conversion of monomers into polymeric substances starts only at a temperature of 110‒120 °C; the surface-active substances with an optimal polymeric composition were obtained only at a temperature of 130 °C. In the reaction of phenol sulfomethylation in a water environment at a temperature below 90 °C, obtaining SAS with the required properties takes more than 9 hours. The significant disadvantages of this technique are the relatively low yield of the target product and a significant amount of free phenol in the finished product (over 15 percent). It is known that a more powerful and less risky technique to accelerate the reaction than rising the temperature is catalysis. This study investigated the reaction of phenol sulfomethylation under conditions of interphase catalysis. This has made it possible to improve the main technological parameters: the reaction temperature was reduced from 130 °C to 90 °C, the process duration was shortened to 3 hours, to process was conducted at atmospheric pressure. The catalyst used was a cation-active SAS: cetyltrimethylammonium bromide. This makes it possible to simplify the technological scheme of obtaining SAS, that is, to use less energy-intensive and cheap reactors. A benefit of the proposed technology is the low-waste, single-stage production, and the use of available raw materials: phenol, formaldehyde, and sodium sulfite. During the study, the products were obtained that are similar, in terms of the surface-active properties, to the NF Dispersant, which is widely used in the industry. This makes it possible to expand the range of multifunctional surface-active substances with better bio destruction than products based on naphthalene and lignin. According to the results of studying the samples obtained, the scope of their application has been proposed. The resulting products have been tested, with positive results, as the anion-active SAS, used as dispersants in the production of organic dyes, as aligners when dyeing textiles, and as plasticizing additives for concrete mixtures","PeriodicalId":376919,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN: Electrochemical Energy Engineering (EnergyRN) (Topic)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124592569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, the mathematical representation of the dependence of the change of the main parameters of asynchronous machines on its various modes of operation is applied. The article analyzes the load and load-free operation of asynchronous machines.
{"title":"Mathematical Description of Asynchronous Motors","authors":"U. Mirzaev, E. Abdullaev","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3593185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3593185","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the mathematical representation of the dependence of the change of the main parameters of asynchronous machines on its various modes of operation is applied. The article analyzes the load and load-free operation of asynchronous machines.","PeriodicalId":376919,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN: Electrochemical Energy Engineering (EnergyRN) (Topic)","volume":"97 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123541026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Nath, S. Chatterjee, Sayantan Mandal, Dipanwita Chatterjee
Power system is undergoing a paradigm shift and new technologies are being adopted on a continuous basis to improve the operational efficiency. To cope with the increasing load demand several techniques have been manifested and amidst these Distributed Generators (DG) have outshined every other technique and brought a noteworthy change in the modern power system. The location and size of the DGs have a remarkable affect on power loss. In order to serve the forecasted peak load, DGs present themselves as one of the best alternative solutions to procrastinate the transmission and distribution expansion. This research work proposes an optimization model using parameter independent Jaya algorithm to determine optimal DG size and sites that would minimize the active and reactive power looses along with enhanced systems voltage profile ensuring. Performance of type-1 and type-3 DGs along with DSTATCOM is studied to achieve the objective.
{"title":"A Comprehensive Study of Simultaneous Placement of DG and DSTATCOM for Multi-Objective Optimization using Jaya Algorithm","authors":"S. Nath, S. Chatterjee, Sayantan Mandal, Dipanwita Chatterjee","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3503776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3503776","url":null,"abstract":"Power system is undergoing a paradigm shift and new technologies are being adopted on a continuous basis to improve the operational efficiency. To cope with the increasing load demand several techniques have been manifested and amidst these Distributed Generators (DG) have outshined every other technique and brought a noteworthy change in the modern power system. The location and size of the DGs have a remarkable affect on power loss. In order to serve the forecasted peak load, DGs present themselves as one of the best alternative solutions to procrastinate the transmission and distribution expansion. This research work proposes an optimization model using parameter independent Jaya algorithm to determine optimal DG size and sites that would minimize the active and reactive power looses along with enhanced systems voltage profile ensuring. Performance of type-1 and type-3 DGs along with DSTATCOM is studied to achieve the objective.","PeriodicalId":376919,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN: Electrochemical Energy Engineering (EnergyRN) (Topic)","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130348338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main purpose of this project is to identify the suitable radiator material for various working environments (such as coastal environment and desert-like high temperature environments) and applications. Hence in this project, the existing radiator is analyzed by changing its tube and fin material for evaluating the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics. The materials chosen for analysis are Aluminium (Al), Al-Si-Mg alloy and Graphite flakes-metal alloy. Initially the required radiator model for analysis is designed and modelled using CREO Parametric 2.0. The overall pressure, temperature and mass flow rate distribution of the coolant and air in and around the tube-fin arrangement is evaluated using fluid flow (CFX) and steady state analysis systems of CFD. Stress Distribution over the radiator is evaluated using static structural analysis system of CFD. The fluid flow simulation is conducted using commercial software ANSYS. The heat transfer rate, heat flux and the pressure and temperature distribution along the tube length and tube width are presented and analyzed. The results obtained serve as good database for the future investigations.
{"title":"Design and Analysis of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Crossflow Radiator as Changing the Fin and Tube Material","authors":"C. Gopinath, Dr. L. Poovazhagan","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3511928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3511928","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of this project is to identify the suitable radiator material for various working environments (such as coastal environment and desert-like high temperature environments) and applications. Hence in this project, the existing radiator is analyzed by changing its tube and fin material for evaluating the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics. The materials chosen for analysis are Aluminium (Al), Al-Si-Mg alloy and Graphite flakes-metal alloy. Initially the required radiator model for analysis is designed and modelled using CREO Parametric 2.0. The overall pressure, temperature and mass flow rate distribution of the coolant and air in and around the tube-fin arrangement is evaluated using fluid flow (CFX) and steady state analysis systems of CFD. Stress Distribution over the radiator is evaluated using static structural analysis system of CFD. The fluid flow simulation is conducted using commercial software ANSYS. The heat transfer rate, heat flux and the pressure and temperature distribution along the tube length and tube width are presented and analyzed. The results obtained serve as good database for the future investigations.","PeriodicalId":376919,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN: Electrochemical Energy Engineering (EnergyRN) (Topic)","volume":"43 16","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114006662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guoshun Qin, Chengguan Zhang, Shaobin Zhang, Xue Chen, Yongjun He
It is well known that the transformation between cubic Austenite phase and tetragonal Martensite phase of Ni-Mn-Ga single crystal Shape Memory Alloy can be controlled by thermo-magneto-mechanical fields. Particularly, the directional driving forces (magnetic fields and mechanical forces) can also trigger Martensite detwinning or Martensite variant reorientation due to the anisotropy of the tetragonal Martensite variant. By contrast, the temperature (a scalar quantity) was not expected to trigger Martensite detwinning. However, our experiments show that the cooling-induced Austenite → Martensite transformation is via two steps: Austenite → twin (consisting of two different Martensite variants), and twin → single-Martensite-variant via a detwinning process. The result implies that the material can switch between the Austenite phase and a single Martensite variant with a large cyclic macroscopic deformation in the simple heating-cooling cycle (a pure thermal loading without external stress or magnetic field), so-called stress-free “Two-Way Memory”.
{"title":"Spontaneous Martensite Detwinning in Ni-Mn-Ga Single Crystal","authors":"Guoshun Qin, Chengguan Zhang, Shaobin Zhang, Xue Chen, Yongjun He","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3826732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3826732","url":null,"abstract":"It is well known that the transformation between cubic Austenite phase and tetragonal Martensite phase of Ni-Mn-Ga single crystal Shape Memory Alloy can be controlled by thermo-magneto-mechanical fields. Particularly, the directional driving forces (magnetic fields and mechanical forces) can also trigger Martensite detwinning or Martensite variant reorientation due to the anisotropy of the tetragonal Martensite variant. By contrast, the temperature (a scalar quantity) was not expected to trigger Martensite detwinning. However, our experiments show that the cooling-induced Austenite → Martensite transformation is via two steps: Austenite → twin (consisting of two different Martensite variants), and twin → single-Martensite-variant via a detwinning process. The result implies that the material can switch between the Austenite phase and a single Martensite variant with a large cyclic macroscopic deformation in the simple heating-cooling cycle (a pure thermal loading without external stress or magnetic field), so-called stress-free “Two-Way Memory”.","PeriodicalId":376919,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN: Electrochemical Energy Engineering (EnergyRN) (Topic)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115320519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Wang, J. J. Wang, Z. W. Wang, C. Z. Liu, Shengheng Nong, X. M. Liu
In the past few years, researchers have studied the transformation mechanisms of temperature-induced thermoelastic martensitic in Ti-Ni shape-memory alloy in an energy perspective ignoring some energy boundaries problems. In order to avoid these errors, this study provides a new way to analyze the transformation mechanism from the interatomic stress point of view based on in-situ X-ray diffraction and the rigid body model. The result shows that the shear transformation is induced by the aggregation of lattice distortion stress during cooling. It provides the possibility for Ti-Ni shape-memory alloys to get more accurate control during martensite transformation in engineering.
{"title":"Transformation Mechanism of Temperature-Induced Martensite in Ti-Ni Shape-Memory Alloys by In-Situ XRD","authors":"Y. Wang, J. J. Wang, Z. W. Wang, C. Z. Liu, Shengheng Nong, X. M. Liu","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3427516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3427516","url":null,"abstract":"In the past few years, researchers have studied the transformation mechanisms of temperature-induced thermoelastic martensitic in Ti-Ni shape-memory alloy in an energy perspective ignoring some energy boundaries problems. In order to avoid these errors, this study provides a new way to analyze the transformation mechanism from the interatomic stress point of view based on in-situ X-ray diffraction and the rigid body model. The result shows that the shear transformation is induced by the aggregation of lattice distortion stress during cooling. It provides the possibility for Ti-Ni shape-memory alloys to get more accurate control during martensite transformation in engineering.","PeriodicalId":376919,"journal":{"name":"EnergyRN: Electrochemical Energy Engineering (EnergyRN) (Topic)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129479470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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