C. H. Rocha, Gladston Luiz da Silva, Lucijane Monteiro de Abreu
Worldwide, communities living near ports and environmentalists put pressure on port authorities to mitigate their environmental impacts with the major ones being water and air pollution. In 2011, Brazil, through the National Agency of Waterway Transportation (ANTAQ), advanced towards monitoring and environmental control in national ports. ANTAQ signed a cooperation agreement with the Interdisciplinary Center for Transport Studies at the University of Brasilia (CEFTRU/UnB) to develop a methodology to calculate the environmental performance of port facilities. The result of this cooperation is the Environmental Performance Index, known as IDA, which assumes values between zero and one (0 ≤ IDA ≤ 1). Optimum port environmental performance is reached when the index is equal to 1. ANTAQ computes IDA for thirty Brazilian ports located in the North, Northeast, South and Southeast and administered by federal, state or local agencies. This paper analyzes the evolution of the environmental performance in Brazilian ports and investigates whether environmental performance differs between them. The study comprises the period between the first semester of 2012 and the first semester of 2016 (2012.01-2016.01). The application of tests for means comparison to the data revealed that: a) environmental performance was lower in the ports managed directly by the federal government when compared to the environmental performance of the delegated ports; b) the environmental performance of the ports of the macro-regions South/Southeast was higher than in the ports of the macro-regions North/Northeast. The paper is not dedicated to understanding the reasons for the differences in port environmental performance during the period considered. That should be the subject of additional research.
{"title":"Analysis of the evolution of Brazilian ports’ environmental performances","authors":"C. H. Rocha, Gladston Luiz da Silva, Lucijane Monteiro de Abreu","doi":"10.5894/RGCI-N149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5894/RGCI-N149","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide, communities living near ports and environmentalists put pressure on port authorities to mitigate their environmental impacts with the major ones being water and air pollution. In 2011, Brazil, through the National Agency of Waterway Transportation (ANTAQ), advanced towards monitoring and environmental control in national ports. ANTAQ signed a cooperation agreement with the Interdisciplinary Center for Transport Studies at the University of Brasilia (CEFTRU/UnB) to develop a methodology to calculate the environmental performance of port facilities. The result of this cooperation is the Environmental Performance Index, known as IDA, which assumes values between zero and one (0 ≤ IDA ≤ 1). Optimum port environmental performance is reached when the index is equal to 1. ANTAQ computes IDA for thirty Brazilian ports located in the North, Northeast, South and Southeast and administered by federal, state or local agencies. This paper analyzes the evolution of the environmental performance in Brazilian ports and investigates whether environmental performance differs between them. The study comprises the period between the first semester of 2012 and the first semester of 2016 (2012.01-2016.01). The application of tests for means comparison to the data revealed that: a) environmental performance was lower in the ports managed directly by the federal government when compared to the environmental performance of the delegated ports; b) the environmental performance of the ports of the macro-regions South/Southeast was higher than in the ports of the macro-regions North/Northeast. The paper is not dedicated to understanding the reasons for the differences in port environmental performance during the period considered. That should be the subject of additional research.","PeriodicalId":37892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71207530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. M. N. D. Andrade, P. Souza-Filho, C. Szlafsztein
{"title":"Sensibilidade Ambiental a Derramamento de Óleo e Mapeamento de Unidades de Paisagem na Região Portuária do Maranhão","authors":"M. M. N. D. Andrade, P. Souza-Filho, C. Szlafsztein","doi":"10.5894/RGCI-N65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5894/RGCI-N65","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71209153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-07-01DOI: 10.4172/2473-3350.1000454
R. E. Owfi
The protected area of Nayband is located at 320 kilometres southeast of Bushehr Province and that is of particular interest due to its unique ecosystem. The specific plant species of the region is Harra (scientific name: Avicennia marina) of Verbenaceae family which is a kind of tree of the mangrove plants and represent specific ecosystems in the tropics and it is result of accumulation of very special flora and fauna in the coastal deltas and rivers and bays where they are exposed to permanent tides. With an area of 390 hectares, this area of mangrove forests is the largest remaining mangrove forests in longitude above 27 degrees in South West Asia in terms of dense community. This paper deals with ecological mangrove forests. The related data were collected and then the area was visited to evaluate the circumstances of the ecosystem. Next, the related data were extracted and combined and finally some suggestions are offered for improving ecosystem.
{"title":"Ecological Study of Harra Forests in the Nayband Protected Area at Bushehr Province, Iran","authors":"R. E. Owfi","doi":"10.4172/2473-3350.1000454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2473-3350.1000454","url":null,"abstract":"The protected area of Nayband is located at 320 kilometres southeast of Bushehr Province and that is of particular interest due to its unique ecosystem. The specific plant species of the region is Harra (scientific name: Avicennia marina) of Verbenaceae family which is a kind of tree of the mangrove plants and represent specific ecosystems in the tropics and it is result of accumulation of very special flora and fauna in the coastal deltas and rivers and bays where they are exposed to permanent tides. With an area of 390 hectares, this area of mangrove forests is the largest remaining mangrove forests in longitude above 27 degrees in South West Asia in terms of dense community. This paper deals with ecological mangrove forests. The related data were collected and then the area was visited to evaluate the circumstances of the ecosystem. Next, the related data were extracted and combined and finally some suggestions are offered for improving ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":37892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83980051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-29DOI: 10.4172/2473-3350-c1-004
pHoShong Houp
{"title":"Research of improvement and hydraulic model test for the treatment of thermal diffusion around the intake and outlet structure of Linkou power plant in Taiwan coastal zone","authors":"pHoShong Houp","doi":"10.4172/2473-3350-c1-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2473-3350-c1-004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86261035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2473-3350.1000458
Bouzaher Abdelhakim, Mati Manoubia
The present study is a continuation of our first work, which was conducted in Algerian ports, the objective of which was the management of risks related to port maneuver in Algeria. This study aims to achieve a better understanding of stakeholderâs perception in the matter of port maneuver regarding the origin of risk and its consequences. This perception may be either objective or subjective. What is important is that this study reflects a reality that can enlighten experts and decision makers, thus allowing them to make specific decisions. Seventy-two stakeholders in maneuver from ten different Algerian ports have responded to our questionnaire on risk perception. The results confirmed that different parameters are at the origin of this perception.
{"title":"Appreciation of Stakeholders in Port Maneuver Regarding the Origin of Risk and its Consequences: The Case of Algerian Ports","authors":"Bouzaher Abdelhakim, Mati Manoubia","doi":"10.4172/2473-3350.1000458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2473-3350.1000458","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is a continuation of our first work, which was conducted in Algerian ports, the objective of which was the management of risks related to port maneuver in Algeria. This study aims to achieve a better understanding of stakeholderâs perception in the matter of port maneuver regarding the origin of risk and its consequences. This perception may be either objective or subjective. What is important is that this study reflects a reality that can enlighten experts and decision makers, thus allowing them to make specific decisions. Seventy-two stakeholders in maneuver from ten different Algerian ports have responded to our questionnaire on risk perception. The results confirmed that different parameters are at the origin of this perception.","PeriodicalId":37892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82444241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2473-3350.1000456
A. Mitra, K. Banerjee
Sea levels on the Indian sub-continent are increasing at the rate of about 2.5 mm/year; the rate of increment is greater in the eastern coast, with an estimated sea level rise of about 3.14 mm/year. This suggests that mean annual sea levels in the Indian sub-continent will be some 15 cm higher in 2060 than what it was during 2000. The Indian Sundarbans in northeast coast of the country, at the apex of the Bay of Bengal is an extremely dynamic deltaic lobe sustaining a wide spectrum of mangrove flora and fauna. It is estimated that sea level in this deltaic lobe has increased by about 15 cm since the 1950s and this has been correlated with changes in the pattern and rates of erosion and accretion in the islands of the Indian Sundarbans. Such geo-physical phenomena may not only pose serious impact on the adjacent aquatic system by way of increasing turbidity, nutrient budget, salinity, pH etc., but the phenomenon has every possibility to shift the biodiversity spectrum of the adjacent land masses (supporting mangrove and mangrove associate species) and aquatic system due to salinization of land, alteration of soil pH, increased erosional activities leading to reduction of water transparency, increased salinity of the water bodies and invasion of the areas with more number of stenohaline species (preferably phytoplankton). The present paper is an attempt to scan the time series observation on phytoplankton dynamics in the coastal waters of Indian Sundarban mangrove forest, NE coast of Bay of Bengal. Twenty four stations have been selected in the present programme at different salinity gradients to evaluate the temporal variations of selective hydrological parameters like surface water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, transparency and nutrient load. Simultaneous data on phytoplankton diversity was also assessed to critically analyze the impact of temporal oscillation of hydrological parameters on the tiny, free floating, drifting, primary producer community. Duncan test applied on the data set of 25 years (1990 to 2015) revealed significant temporal variations of surface water temperature, salinity, pH, transparency, nitrate concentration, phosphate concentration and phytoplankton composition. Since 1990, nine stenohaline phytoplankton species have been recorded in the upstream regions of the deltaic lobe indicating a gradual shifting of aquatic phase towards high salinity. Few environmental variables like dissolved oxygen and silicate did not show variations at significant level. Although the time span is too short to predict potential impact of aquatic climate change on phytoplankton community of the mangrove dominated Indian Sundarbans, but significant temporal variation in the phytoplankton community since 1990 speaks in favour of using these tiny, free floating, drifting, primary producer community as potential bioindicators of aquatic climate change in short term scale.
{"title":"Time Series Observation on Phytoplankton Dynamics in the Coastal Waters of the World Heritage Site of Indian Sundarban Mangrove Forest, NE Coast of Bay of Bengal","authors":"A. Mitra, K. Banerjee","doi":"10.4172/2473-3350.1000456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2473-3350.1000456","url":null,"abstract":"Sea levels on the Indian sub-continent are increasing at the rate of about 2.5 mm/year; the rate of increment is greater in the eastern coast, with an estimated sea level rise of about 3.14 mm/year. This suggests that mean annual sea levels in the Indian sub-continent will be some 15 cm higher in 2060 than what it was during 2000. The Indian Sundarbans in northeast coast of the country, at the apex of the Bay of Bengal is an extremely dynamic deltaic lobe sustaining a wide spectrum of mangrove flora and fauna. It is estimated that sea level in this deltaic lobe has increased by about 15 cm since the 1950s and this has been correlated with changes in the pattern and rates of erosion and accretion in the islands of the Indian Sundarbans. Such geo-physical phenomena may not only pose serious impact on the adjacent aquatic system by way of increasing turbidity, nutrient budget, salinity, pH etc., but the phenomenon has every possibility to shift the biodiversity spectrum of the adjacent land masses (supporting mangrove and mangrove associate species) and aquatic system due to salinization of land, alteration of soil pH, increased erosional activities leading to reduction of water transparency, increased salinity of the water bodies and invasion of the areas with more number of stenohaline species (preferably phytoplankton). The present paper is an attempt to scan the time series observation on phytoplankton dynamics in the coastal waters of Indian Sundarban mangrove forest, NE coast of Bay of Bengal. Twenty four stations have been selected in the present programme at different salinity gradients to evaluate the temporal variations of selective hydrological parameters like surface water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, transparency and nutrient load. Simultaneous data on phytoplankton diversity was also assessed to critically analyze the impact of temporal oscillation of hydrological parameters on the tiny, free floating, drifting, primary producer community. Duncan test applied on the data set of 25 years (1990 to 2015) revealed significant temporal variations of surface water temperature, salinity, pH, transparency, nitrate concentration, phosphate concentration and phytoplankton composition. Since 1990, nine stenohaline phytoplankton species have been recorded in the upstream regions of the deltaic lobe indicating a gradual shifting of aquatic phase towards high salinity. Few environmental variables like dissolved oxygen and silicate did not show variations at significant level. Although the time span is too short to predict potential impact of aquatic climate change on phytoplankton community of the mangrove dominated Indian Sundarbans, but significant temporal variation in the phytoplankton community since 1990 speaks in favour of using these tiny, free floating, drifting, primary producer community as potential bioindicators of aquatic climate change in short term scale.","PeriodicalId":37892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management","volume":"43 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80032755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2473-3350.1000463
R. Chairi
Surficial sediments from 18 sites throughout Moknine sebkha, one of the largest urbanized sebkha in the sahel of tunisia, were analyzed for biomarkers ( n-alkanes, hopanes and steranes ) to track the origin of organic inputs. A distinct spatial distribution of aliphatic hydrocarbons in sediments was observed in Moknine sebkha which subdivide this environment in two area . The submerged area is characterized by high concentration of OC 1-4.9%, EOM 2%-49% CO, aliphatic hydrocarbons 1350 µg.kg-1to 3700 µg.kg-1sediment dry weight. Emerged area is characterized by low concentration (OC<1%, EOM<12%OC and F1<1200 µg.kg-1sediment dry weight. Several ratios (e.g. CPI, ACL, NAR, TAR, Pr/Ph…) were used to evaluate the possible sources of terrestrial-lacustrine inputs of these hydrocarbons in the sediments. The various origins of aliphatic hydrocarbons were generally biogenic, including both terrigenous and cyanobacteria. The source of contamination is not petroleum. , the predominance of biogenic in combination with petrogenic hydrocarbons was indicated by the biomarkers. αβ trishomohopane C33 indicate an anthropogenic contribution (wastewater) in two stations (treated domestic wastewater (ssm1-2) and untreate industrial wastewater ssm6). The presence of biogenic hopanes (17β(H), 21β(H)-hopanes) indicate the biogenic origin of organic matter in the Moknine sebkha. The UCM not indicate petrogenic origin but high activities of bacteria in highly saline system.
{"title":"Biomarkers on Sediments in a Highly Saline Aquatic Ecosystem: Case of the Moknine Continental Sebkha (Eastern Tunisia)","authors":"R. Chairi","doi":"10.4172/2473-3350.1000463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2473-3350.1000463","url":null,"abstract":"Surficial sediments from 18 sites throughout Moknine sebkha, one of the largest urbanized sebkha in the sahel of tunisia, were analyzed for biomarkers ( n-alkanes, hopanes and steranes ) to track the origin of organic inputs. A distinct spatial distribution of aliphatic hydrocarbons in sediments was observed in Moknine sebkha which subdivide this environment in two area . The submerged area is characterized by high concentration of OC 1-4.9%, EOM 2%-49% CO, aliphatic hydrocarbons 1350 µg.kg-1to 3700 µg.kg-1sediment dry weight. Emerged area is characterized by low concentration (OC<1%, EOM<12%OC and F1<1200 µg.kg-1sediment dry weight. Several ratios (e.g. CPI, ACL, NAR, TAR, Pr/Ph…) were used to evaluate the possible sources of terrestrial-lacustrine inputs of these hydrocarbons in the sediments. The various origins of aliphatic hydrocarbons were generally biogenic, including both terrigenous and cyanobacteria. The source of contamination is not petroleum. , the predominance of biogenic in combination with petrogenic hydrocarbons was indicated by the biomarkers. αβ trishomohopane C33 indicate an anthropogenic contribution (wastewater) in two stations (treated domestic wastewater (ssm1-2) and untreate industrial wastewater ssm6). The presence of biogenic hopanes (17β(H), 21β(H)-hopanes) indicate the biogenic origin of organic matter in the Moknine sebkha. The UCM not indicate petrogenic origin but high activities of bacteria in highly saline system.","PeriodicalId":37892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management","volume":"18 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75252236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2473-3350.1000460
N. Awang, N. Anuar, F. Sidek
An experimental investigation, conducted in unidirectional waves with different wave conditions and model configurations were conducted to assess the wave energy loss on cylinder obstacles. This study presents a significant finding on porous cylindrical model. The basic concept of porous cylinder breakwater is to serve as a pervious barrier where particle movements are more which is more environmental friendly and allow the passage of tidal currents with least disturbance where littoral drift is predominant. For the study, Two sizes of cylinder were used, 100 mm and 200 mm with four different porosities ranging from 0.0625 to 0.48 respectively. The influences of water level, wave steepness, wave number and porosities were studied. The test results shown that when the percentage of porosity decreased, more wave energy was dissipated, this resulted in the decrease in transmitted wave heights. Furthermore, it was also found that lower water level has a significant influence on the loss coefficient at bigger model size with El being more than 0.60 at a water level 0.27 m compared to El being less than 0.40 at water level 0.35 m for similar porosity. Overall, the bigger model (single or double cylinder) with lower porosity (P=6.25% and 14%) showed promising performance in reducing wave height at the lee of the model, having high percentage of wave energy loss, and smaller model has been found to be the least effective wave attenuator model to the same environments among all three models. In a way, cylindrical structure being porous could potentially be used together or alone as a wave dampening structure at mangrove sapling replanting coastal area and/or artificial reefs for fish breeding ground.
{"title":"Potential Multi-Function Cylinder as Wave Attenuator","authors":"N. Awang, N. Anuar, F. Sidek","doi":"10.4172/2473-3350.1000460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2473-3350.1000460","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental investigation, conducted in unidirectional waves with different wave conditions and model configurations were conducted to assess the wave energy loss on cylinder obstacles. This study presents a significant finding on porous cylindrical model. The basic concept of porous cylinder breakwater is to serve as a pervious barrier where particle movements are more which is more environmental friendly and allow the passage of tidal currents with least disturbance where littoral drift is predominant. For the study, Two sizes of cylinder were used, 100 mm and 200 mm with four different porosities ranging from 0.0625 to 0.48 respectively. The influences of water level, wave steepness, wave number and porosities were studied. The test results shown that when the percentage of porosity decreased, more wave energy was dissipated, this resulted in the decrease in transmitted wave heights. Furthermore, it was also found that lower water level has a significant influence on the loss coefficient at bigger model size with El being more than 0.60 at a water level 0.27 m compared to El being less than 0.40 at water level 0.35 m for similar porosity. Overall, the bigger model (single or double cylinder) with lower porosity (P=6.25% and 14%) showed promising performance in reducing wave height at the lee of the model, having high percentage of wave energy loss, and smaller model has been found to be the least effective wave attenuator model to the same environments among all three models. In a way, cylindrical structure being porous could potentially be used together or alone as a wave dampening structure at mangrove sapling replanting coastal area and/or artificial reefs for fish breeding ground.","PeriodicalId":37892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73748757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2473-3350.1000462
S. Emadodin, S. Zahabnazouri
The comparison of geomorphologic evidences of Gorgan and Neka Rivers near their estuary point into the Caspian Sea represents different channel down cutting and depositional sequence, so that Neka River shows a deeper down cutting near the estuary point, this research is seeking the reason of the difference. As a result, the marine terraces were used as the geomorphologic indexes to show Neka River down cutting and coastal uplift assessment. Totally there were 8 marine terraces identified by studying geological maps, satellite images and outcrop investigations. 8 bivalve fossil samples were selected for carbon dating of the terraces. Afterwards the exact position and elevation of terraces were measured and their topographic cross sections were drawn up to the coast line. The carbon dating results show that tectonic forces did not act similarly in the eastern and southern parts of the Caspian Sea and the major reason for Neka River down cutting was related to Alborz mountains uplift Based on the results, it can be understood that Alborz Mountains uplifted during some 500 years causing about 1.02 metersâ uplift in southern Caspian in comparison to the eastern part of it.
{"title":"Marine Terraces as Geomorphic Evidence of Different Tectonic Regimes in Southeastern Part of The Caspian Sea in the Late Quaternary","authors":"S. Emadodin, S. Zahabnazouri","doi":"10.4172/2473-3350.1000462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2473-3350.1000462","url":null,"abstract":"The comparison of geomorphologic evidences of Gorgan and Neka Rivers near their estuary point into the Caspian Sea represents different channel down cutting and depositional sequence, so that Neka River shows a deeper down cutting near the estuary point, this research is seeking the reason of the difference. As a result, the marine terraces were used as the geomorphologic indexes to show Neka River down cutting and coastal uplift assessment. Totally there were 8 marine terraces identified by studying geological maps, satellite images and outcrop investigations. 8 bivalve fossil samples were selected for carbon dating of the terraces. Afterwards the exact position and elevation of terraces were measured and their topographic cross sections were drawn up to the coast line. The carbon dating results show that tectonic forces did not act similarly in the eastern and southern parts of the Caspian Sea and the major reason for Neka River down cutting was related to Alborz mountains uplift Based on the results, it can be understood that Alborz Mountains uplifted during some 500 years causing about 1.02 metersâ uplift in southern Caspian in comparison to the eastern part of it.","PeriodicalId":37892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management","volume":"78 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80236834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2473-3350.1000459
C. Rachman, B. Triatmodjo, N. Yuwono
This research was done because of the continuous alert of coastal erosion due to sea level rise and also due to the fact that habitats and living beings will be affected. All these will be affected because of a submerged breakwater structure constructed near the shoreline to reduce the effect of strong waves without disturbing the ocean view. Further on to this, the study will see whether there are other disadvantages of constructing the submerged breakwater or not. A 2D experimental was done consisting of 60 simulations with four different types of submerged breakwater models heights, and one simulation is using no structure. The results were then recorded to get the piling-up of the runnings for the different structures. What was found out was that the piling-up is influenced by certain parameters. Those parameters are (1) pilingup is influenced by structure parameter in terms of structure depth, Rc and (2) piling-up also influenced by wave parameters in terms of Period, T. From the study, it is concluded that the influenced of piling-up to wave parameters, Rc is directly proportional and with respect to Period, T the piling-up is inversely proportional.
{"title":"Two Dimensional (2d) Experimental of Piling up Behind Submerged Break Water","authors":"C. Rachman, B. Triatmodjo, N. Yuwono","doi":"10.4172/2473-3350.1000459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2473-3350.1000459","url":null,"abstract":"This research was done because of the continuous alert of coastal erosion due to sea level rise and also due to the fact that habitats and living beings will be affected. All these will be affected because of a submerged breakwater structure constructed near the shoreline to reduce the effect of strong waves without disturbing the ocean view. Further on to this, the study will see whether there are other disadvantages of constructing the submerged breakwater or not. A 2D experimental was done consisting of 60 simulations with four different types of submerged breakwater models heights, and one simulation is using no structure. The results were then recorded to get the piling-up of the runnings for the different structures. What was found out was that the piling-up is influenced by certain parameters. Those parameters are (1) pilingup is influenced by structure parameter in terms of structure depth, Rc and (2) piling-up also influenced by wave parameters in terms of Period, T. From the study, it is concluded that the influenced of piling-up to wave parameters, Rc is directly proportional and with respect to Period, T the piling-up is inversely proportional.","PeriodicalId":37892,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Integrated Coastal Zone Management","volume":"71 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87712366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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