espanolEn este trabajo se presenta la datacion dendrocronologica del palacio Jauregizaharra de Gongora (Navarra). Desde el aspecto dendrocronologico se han construido 3 cronologias de referencia, y, desde el punto de vista de la historia de edificios de linajes aristocraticos, se presenta la datacion de las fases del palacio. Desde el lado dendrocronologico se han analizado un total de 242 maderas de roble pubescente, quejigo, pino albar y olmo. Se han comparado con cronologias absolutas de la zona. Esta comparacion ha dado dataciones de derribo del arbol del siglo XV hasta el XIX. Inicialmente constaba de una torre de base cuadrada. Alrededor de la torre se fueron construyendo diversos edificios hasta crear un primer patio a finales del siglo XV. El siglo XVI se construyo un segundo patio mas amplio. Tomando en consideracion las dataciones de corte de los arboles se puede decir que la mayor parte del palacio se construyo entre los anos 1445 y 1510. EnglishSeveral dendrochronological studies have been conducted in the Basque Country (Susperregi and Prado, 2000 and 2003; Susperregi, 2004 and 2016; Susperregi et al., 2017; Lizeaga, 2009 and 2010). This paper presents the dates assigned to many wooden structures of the medieval palace of Jauregizaharra, which is located in Gongora (Image 1). Furthermore, absolute chronologies were determined with regard to Pyrenean oaks, Portuguese oaks, Scots pines and elms. Gongora is a village located in the municipality of Aranguren (Image 2). The sub-Mediterranean climate characterises the area studied. In the surrounding plain, there are forests composed of Quercus faginea, Q. humilis and Q. ilex. In the mountain side, Pinus sylvestris and Fagus sylvatica are the predominant trees. The palace of Gongora was first mentioned in the year 1389. Table I shows the amount of samples obtained. Wood slices (Image 4) and wood chips pulled out by using a drill (Image 5) were sampled. Based on the dichotomous keys developed by Sherwin (1988) and Schoch et al. (2017), the gender of botanical species of wood was identified: Quercus sp., Pinus sp. and Ulmus sp. After being sanded, wood samples were scanned using 2400 dpi, and the width of the rings was measured by using the application OSM (Knibbe, 2000) in two opposed radii. False rings, missing rings, cumulative growth, damage to the wood caused by breaking and similar anatomical issues were identified. Computer applications such as COFECHA (Holmes, 1983) and dplR (Bunn, 2008; Bunn, 2010) were used to examine statistics on cross-dating. In order to calculate the index of measurements of rings, researches used smoothing splines with 50% frequency response of 32 years, autoregressive models, logarithms and Tukey’s range test (Cook and Kairiukstis, 1990 and Grissino-Mayer, 2001). Three floating chronologies were obtained in total (Table II): Quercus gender (Pyrenean oaks, Portuguese oaks), Pinus gender (several pines) and Ulmus gender (elm). The three chronologies determined
这项工作介绍了贡戈拉(纳瓦拉)Jauregizaharra宫殿的树木年代学年代。从树木年代学的角度，建立了3个参考年代学，从贵族血统建筑的历史角度，提出了宫殿阶段的年代。在树木年代学方面，共分析了242种短柔毛橡树、quejigo、albar松和榆树。它们与该地区的绝对年表进行了比较。这种比较给出了从15世纪到19世纪的树木砍伐日期。它最初由一个方形底座的塔组成。在15世纪末建造了第一个庭院之前，人们在塔周围建造了各种各样的建筑。16世纪建造了第二个更大的庭院。考虑到砍伐树木的年代，可以说宫殿的大部分建于1445年至1510年之间。在巴斯克地区进行了一些树木年代学研究(Susperregi和Prado, 2000年和2003年;2004年和2016年;Susperregi等人，2017;他的父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师。本文列出了位于贡戈拉(Gongora)的中世纪Jauregizaharra宫殿的许多木制建筑的指定日期(图1)。此外，绝对年代是根据比利牛斯橡树、葡萄牙橡树、苏格兰松树和榆树确定的。Gongora是Aranguren市的一个村庄(图2)。研究区域的地中海气候特征。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该地区的总面积为，其中土地和(2.641平方公里)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该县的总面积为，其中土地和(3.064平方公里)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该县的总面积为，其中土地和(3.064平方公里)水。表一显示了获得的样品数量。木片(图4)和用钻头拉出的木片(图5)被取样。Based on the dichotomous keys发达Sherwin(1988年)和Schoch et al .(2017年),《植物的性别species of wood was确定:Quercus属松属和Ulmus sp。After being sanded, wood samples scanned using 2400 dpi was, and the width of the rings在by using the application OSM Knibbe, 2000) in two行为radii。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该地区的总面积为，其中土地和(2.641平方公里)水。计算机应用，如COFECHA (Holmes, 1983)和dplR (Bunn, 2008;= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的面积为。为了计算环测量指数，研究人员使用32年频率响应50%的平滑样条、自回归模型、对数和Tukey的范围测试(Cook和Kairiukstis, 1990年和Grissino-Mayer, 2001年)。三症chronologies主义in total(表二):Quercus gender (Pyrenean橡树,Portuguese橡树),松gender(针)和Ulmus gender (elm)。在贡戈拉确定的三个年表与纳瓦拉栎属的绝对年表交叉(表三)。比利牛斯橡树和葡萄牙橡树年表的可靠性非常高。从橡树和比利牛斯橡树年代学数据中获得的统计结果也是适当的。然而，由于不同的物种是跨日期的，没有足够的基础来确定它们的适当性。这首歌在美国公告牌百强单曲榜上排名第二，在英国单曲榜上排名第三。来自Jauregizaharra最古老部分的一块木头被取样(图6)。它有45个生长环和交叉是不可能的。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查局的数据，这个城镇的总面积，其中土地和(1.)水。八的帧from the ground floor in enclosure 2 (Image 3)现在from 1445-1446, four of which是made from the same tree and four bays现在from 1487-1488 Image 7)。此外,the only湾from the ceiling of the ground floor in enclosure 3为back to 1487-1488 as well。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的总面积为，其中土地和(1.691平方公里)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的面积为。这首歌在英国单曲排行榜上排名第二，在英国单曲排行榜上排名第三。The date of The felling of The wood in enclosure 5、two pieces of wood enclosure 4 (Pyrenean橡木和Portuguese oak and wood in enclosure 11现在from 1499-1500。在13号围栏中，七湾的木材和10号围栏中主门的木材是在1510-1511年切割的。在1563年到1564年期间，从一层楼的框架被拆除了。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该镇的总面积为，其中土地和(3.064平方公里)水。他的父亲是一名医生，母亲是一名医生。九samples from enclosure 12现在from 1588。The door head from enclosure 9、The only board found in enclosure 7和三bays found in enclosure、6B are made of wood from The first quarter of The 17th century)。 这项工作介绍了贡戈拉(纳瓦拉)Jauregizaharra宫殿的树木年代学年代。从树木年代学的角度，建立了3个参考年代学，从贵族血统建筑的历史角度，提出了宫殿阶段的年代。在树木年代学方面，共分析了242种短柔毛橡树、quejigo、albar松和榆树。它们与该地区的绝对年表进行了比较。这种比较给出了从15世纪到19世纪的树木砍伐日期。它最初由一个方形底座的塔组成。在15世纪末建造了第一个庭院之前，人们在塔周围建造了各种各样的建筑。16世纪建造了第二个更大的庭院。考虑到砍伐树木的年代，可以说宫殿的大部分建于1445年至1510年之间。在巴斯克地区进行了一些树木年代学研究(Susperregi和Prado, 2000年和2003年;2004年和2016年;Susperregi等人，2017;他的父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师。本文列出了位于贡戈拉(Gongora)的中世纪Jauregizaharra宫殿的许多木制建筑的指定日期(图1)。此外，绝对年代是根据比利牛斯橡树、葡萄牙橡树、苏格兰松树和榆树确定的。Gongora是Aranguren市的一个村庄(图2)。研究区域的地中海气候特征。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该地区的总面积为，其中土地和(2.641平方公里)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该县的总面积为，其中土地和(3.064平方公里)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该县的总面积为，其中土地和(3.064平方公里)水。表一显示了获得的样品数量。木片(图4)和用钻头拉出的木片(图5)被取样。Based on the dichotomous keys发达Sherwin(1988年)和Schoc
{"title":"Gongora-ko (Nafarroa) Jauregizaharra jauregiaren datazio dendrokronologikoa","authors":"Lizeaga Rica, Joseba Sabin","doi":"10.21630/MAA.2018.69.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21630/MAA.2018.69.13","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn este trabajo se presenta la datacion dendrocronologica del palacio Jauregizaharra de Gongora (Navarra). Desde el aspecto dendrocronologico se han construido 3 cronologias de referencia, y, desde el punto de vista de la historia de edificios de linajes aristocraticos, se presenta la datacion de las fases del palacio. Desde el lado dendrocronologico se han analizado un total de 242 maderas de roble pubescente, quejigo, pino albar y olmo. Se han comparado con cronologias absolutas de la zona. Esta comparacion ha dado dataciones de derribo del arbol del siglo XV hasta el XIX. Inicialmente constaba de una torre de base cuadrada. Alrededor de la torre se fueron construyendo diversos edificios hasta crear un primer patio a finales del siglo XV. El siglo XVI se construyo un segundo patio mas amplio. Tomando en consideracion las dataciones de corte de los arboles se puede decir que la mayor parte del palacio se construyo entre los anos 1445 y 1510. EnglishSeveral dendrochronological studies have been conducted in the Basque Country (Susperregi and Prado, 2000 and 2003; Susperregi, 2004 and 2016; Susperregi et al., 2017; Lizeaga, 2009 and 2010). This paper presents the dates assigned to many wooden structures of the medieval palace of Jauregizaharra, which is located in Gongora (Image 1). Furthermore, absolute chronologies were determined with regard to Pyrenean oaks, Portuguese oaks, Scots pines and elms. Gongora is a village located in the municipality of Aranguren (Image 2). The sub-Mediterranean climate characterises the area studied. In the surrounding plain, there are forests composed of Quercus faginea, Q. humilis and Q. ilex. In the mountain side, Pinus sylvestris and Fagus sylvatica are the predominant trees. The palace of Gongora was first mentioned in the year 1389. Table I shows the amount of samples obtained. Wood slices (Image 4) and wood chips pulled out by using a drill (Image 5) were sampled. Based on the dichotomous keys developed by Sherwin (1988) and Schoch et al. (2017), the gender of botanical species of wood was identified: Quercus sp., Pinus sp. and Ulmus sp. After being sanded, wood samples were scanned using 2400 dpi, and the width of the rings was measured by using the application OSM (Knibbe, 2000) in two opposed radii. False rings, missing rings, cumulative growth, damage to the wood caused by breaking and similar anatomical issues were identified. Computer applications such as COFECHA (Holmes, 1983) and dplR (Bunn, 2008; Bunn, 2010) were used to examine statistics on cross-dating. In order to calculate the index of measurements of rings, researches used smoothing splines with 50% frequency response of 32 years, autoregressive models, logarithms and Tukey’s range test (Cook and Kairiukstis, 1990 and Grissino-Mayer, 2001). Three floating chronologies were obtained in total (Table II): Quercus gender (Pyrenean oaks, Portuguese oaks), Pinus gender (several pines) and Ulmus gender (elm). The three chronologies determined ","PeriodicalId":38152,"journal":{"name":"Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia","volume":"2 1","pages":"333-341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75627135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a state of the art regarding the available anthracological data from Middle Palaeolithic contexts in Iberia is presented. The information retrieved is still very scarce and fragmented, as many Iberian areas present palaeobotanical gaps leading to the lack of information regarding local landscape dynamics. The use of different sampling methods to recover wood charcoal remains is a decisive factor which hampers the comparative study, although the dominance of Pinus nigra-sylvestris (black-scots pine) is recorded since, at least, Marine Isotopic Stage 6. This would indicate the widespread presence of cryophilous pine woodlands during the Upper Pleistocene in Iberia pointing to the prevalence of supramediterranean conditions (MAT = 8 13 oC). This state of the art aims to contribute to our understanding of Upper Pleistocene Iberian landscapes based on Neanderthal firewood gathering activities. RESUMEN En este trabajo se presenta un estado de la cuestión relativo a los datos antracológicos disponibles para el Paleolítico medio en la península Ibérica. La información obtenida es todavía muy escasa y fragmentada, existiendo muchas áreas peninsulares con lagunas de datos relativos a las dinámicas de la vegetación local. La utilización de métodos de muestreo diferentes en la recuperación de los restos antracológicos constituye un factor decisivo que dificulta el estudio comparativo, aunque el dominio de Pinus nigra-sylvestris (pino salgareño-albar) está documentado desde, al menos, el Estadio Isotópico Marino 6. Ello indicaría la presencia de extensiones de bosques de pinos criófilos durante el Pleistoceno superior en la península Ibérica con el predominio de condiciones supramediterráneas (TMA = 8 13 oC). Este estado de la cuestión pretende contribuir a una mayor comprensión de los paisajes ibéricos durante el Pleistoceno superior a partir de la recolección de leña por parte de los grupos neandertales. LABURPENA Lan honetan, Iberiar penintsulako Paleolitiko ertainerako eskuragarri dauden datu antrakologikoei buruzko gaur egungo egoera azaltzen da. Lortutako informazioa oraindik ere oso urria da eta zatituta dago eta bertako landarediaren dinamikei buruzko datuetan hutsuneak dituzten eremu ugari daude penintsulan. Hondakin antrakologikoak berreskuratzeko garaian laginketa-metodo ezberdinak erabiltzea faktore erabakigarria da eta horrek alderaketa egitea zailtzen du. Dena den, Pinus nigra-sylvestris (Larizio-pinua) zuhaitzaren eremua gutxienez itsasoko egoera isotopiko 6tik dokumentatuta dago gutxienez. Horrek agerian uzten du Iberiar penintsulan goi mailako Pleistozenoan pinu kriofiloen basoak zeudela eta baldintza suprameditarraneoak zirela nagusi (TMA = 8 13 oC). Gaur egungo egoera honen helburua Neanderthalen taldeek egindako egur-bilketatik abiatuta goi mailako Pleistozeno garaiko paisaia iberiarrak hobeto ulertzen laguntzea da. (a) PREMEDOC Research Group, Universitat de València, Departament de Prehistòria, Arqueologia i Història Antig
在本文中，关于在伊比利亚旧石器时代中期背景下的可用人类学数据的艺术状态被提出。由于许多伊比利亚地区存在古植物学空白，导致缺乏有关当地景观动态的信息，因此检索到的信息仍然非常稀缺和碎片化。尽管至少从海洋同位素阶段6开始就记录了黑松(Pinus nigra-sylvestris，黑苏格兰松)的优势地位，但使用不同的采样方法来恢复木炭残留物是阻碍比较研究的决定性因素。这将表明，在上更新世时期，伊比利亚地区广泛存在着低温松林，这表明了地中海上条件(MAT = 8 - 13℃)的普遍存在。这项技术旨在帮助我们了解基于尼安德特人木柴采集活动的上更新世伊比利亚景观。resume En este trabajo see presentado de la cuestión相对数据antracológicos可处理数据para el Paleolítico medio En la península ibacei。La información obtenida es todavía许多地方都是碎片化的，存在着许多东西，如áreas peninsulares con lagunas de datos relatives和dinámicas de La vegetación local。1 . 数据交换系统与数据交换系统之间的差异recuperación数据交换系统antracológicos构成不确定因素的决策困难;1 .比较数据交换系统，1 .尼加拉瓜-西尔维斯特数据交换系统(salgareño-albar); 2 .文件交换系统，1 .文件交换系统，Isotópico马里诺6号数据交换系统。Ello indicaría la presencia de extensiones de bosques de pinos criófilos durante el Pleistoceno superior en la península (TMA = 8 - 13℃)。Este estado de la cuestión假装贡献者一个una mayor comprensión de de la paisajes ibricos durante el Pleistoceno superior a partite de la recolección de leña de partite de los groupos穴居人。伊比利亚半岛的拉伯佩纳-兰霍内坦。古生代古埃及人的古埃及人的古埃及人的古埃及人的古埃及人。在日本，日本是一个信息发达的国家，日本是一个信息发达的国家，日本是一个信息发达的国家，日本是一个信息发达的国家，日本是一个信息发达的国家。本田汽车公司的汽车制造商，日本汽车制造商，日本汽车制造商，日本汽车制造商，日本汽车制造商，日本汽车制造商，日本汽车制造商，日本汽车制造商。Dena den, Pinus nigra-sylvestris (Larizio-pinua) zuhaitzaren eremua gutxienez itsasoko egoera同位素资料。伊比利亚半岛的Horrek agerian uzten & goi mailako更新世的pinu krifiloen basoque zeudela eta baldintza上第三纪的arranoak zirela nagusi (TMA = 8 - 13℃)。高古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古古。(a)维拉坦西亚大学，Història安提加考古学系Prehistòria, PREMEDOC研究组，布拉斯科Ibáñez 28,46010，西班牙维拉坦西亚。(b) universit Côte-d’azur CEPAM, CNRS, France(*)通讯作者:电话:+34 963 98 38 94 E-mail: paloma.vidal@uv.es。西班牙巴伦西亚布拉斯科大道Ibáñez, 28,46010。MIS:海洋同位素阶段;MAT:年平均温度。https://doi.org/10.21630/maa.2018.69.12伊比利亚旧石器时代中期的人类学数据:我们知道什么?申请日期:2017-12-18申请日期:2018-06-08 Datos antracológicos de contextos del Paleolítico medio en la Península
{"title":"Anthracological data from Middle Palaeolithic contexts in Iberia: What do we know?","authors":"Paloma Vidal-Matutano","doi":"10.21630/MAA.2018.69.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21630/MAA.2018.69.12","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a state of the art regarding the available anthracological data from Middle Palaeolithic contexts in Iberia is presented. The information retrieved is still very scarce and fragmented, as many Iberian areas present palaeobotanical gaps leading to the lack of information regarding local landscape dynamics. The use of different sampling methods to recover wood charcoal remains is a decisive factor which hampers the comparative study, although the dominance of Pinus nigra-sylvestris (black-scots pine) is recorded since, at least, Marine Isotopic Stage 6. This would indicate the widespread presence of cryophilous pine woodlands during the Upper Pleistocene in Iberia pointing to the prevalence of supramediterranean conditions (MAT = 8 13 oC). This state of the art aims to contribute to our understanding of Upper Pleistocene Iberian landscapes based on Neanderthal firewood gathering activities. RESUMEN En este trabajo se presenta un estado de la cuestión relativo a los datos antracológicos disponibles para el Paleolítico medio en la península Ibérica. La información obtenida es todavía muy escasa y fragmentada, existiendo muchas áreas peninsulares con lagunas de datos relativos a las dinámicas de la vegetación local. La utilización de métodos de muestreo diferentes en la recuperación de los restos antracológicos constituye un factor decisivo que dificulta el estudio comparativo, aunque el dominio de Pinus nigra-sylvestris (pino salgareño-albar) está documentado desde, al menos, el Estadio Isotópico Marino 6. Ello indicaría la presencia de extensiones de bosques de pinos criófilos durante el Pleistoceno superior en la península Ibérica con el predominio de condiciones supramediterráneas (TMA = 8 13 oC). Este estado de la cuestión pretende contribuir a una mayor comprensión de los paisajes ibéricos durante el Pleistoceno superior a partir de la recolección de leña por parte de los grupos neandertales. LABURPENA Lan honetan, Iberiar penintsulako Paleolitiko ertainerako eskuragarri dauden datu antrakologikoei buruzko gaur egungo egoera azaltzen da. Lortutako informazioa oraindik ere oso urria da eta zatituta dago eta bertako landarediaren dinamikei buruzko datuetan hutsuneak dituzten eremu ugari daude penintsulan. Hondakin antrakologikoak berreskuratzeko garaian laginketa-metodo ezberdinak erabiltzea faktore erabakigarria da eta horrek alderaketa egitea zailtzen du. Dena den, Pinus nigra-sylvestris (Larizio-pinua) zuhaitzaren eremua gutxienez itsasoko egoera isotopiko 6tik dokumentatuta dago gutxienez. Horrek agerian uzten du Iberiar penintsulan goi mailako Pleistozenoan pinu kriofiloen basoak zeudela eta baldintza suprameditarraneoak zirela nagusi (TMA = 8 13 oC). Gaur egungo egoera honen helburua Neanderthalen taldeek egindako egur-bilketatik abiatuta goi mailako Pleistozeno garaiko paisaia iberiarrak hobeto ulertzen laguntzea da. (a) PREMEDOC Research Group, Universitat de València, Departament de Prehistòria, Arqueologia i Història Antig","PeriodicalId":38152,"journal":{"name":"Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77716463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pablo Alonso-González, Margarita Fernández-Mier, J. Fernández-Fernández
{"title":"La ambivalencia del paisaje: de la genealogía a la arqueología agraria","authors":"Pablo Alonso-González, Margarita Fernández-Mier, J. Fernández-Fernández","doi":"10.21630/MAA.2018.69.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21630/MAA.2018.69.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38152,"journal":{"name":"Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72510844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ainhoa Aranburu-Mendizabal, Izaskun Sarasketa-Gartzia, Á. Arrizabalaga, Domingo C. Salazar‑García, Antxieta Arkeologia Taldea, M. Iriarte-Chiapusso
espanolEn el yacimiento arqueologico de Karea (Aia, Gipuzkoa), integrado por las cavidades contiguas de Karea-A y Karea-B, se recuperaron numerosos restos ceramicos y faunisticos (Karea-A) y vestigios de una inhumacion calcolitica (Karea-B). El presente trabajo se ha vertebrado en dos ejes. En primer lugar, el estudio de ambos depositos mediante diferentes disciplinas: (1) estudio antropologico; (2) estudio del ajuar, compuesto por restos ceramicos y faunisticos; (3) identificacion antracologica de los restos lenosos recuperados en el deposito funerario y por ultimo, (4) estudios isotopicos que nos han permitido obtener datos de la alimentacion (δ13C y δ15N) y procedencia (87Sr/86Sr) del sujeto inhumado en el yacimiento. En segundo lugar, siendo este el objetivo preferente de este trabajo, contextualizar y establecer una comparativa con otras manifestaciones sepulcrales prehistoricas en cueva de la region. EuskaraKarea-A eta Karea-B haitzuloez konposatutako historiaurreko Kareako (Aia, Gipuzkoa) aztarnategi arkeologikoan, zeramika, fauna zein kalkolitoko ehorzketa baten aztarnak berreskuratu ziren. Honako lan honek ondorioz, bi ardatz ditu. Alde batetik, deposituen azterketa diziplina desberdinen bidez: (1) azterketa antropologikoa; (2) hatua osatzen duten zeramika nahiz fauna aztarnen azterketa; (3) ehorzketan berreskuratutako egur-ikatzen behaketa eta, (4) ehortzitako gizabanakoaren elikaduraren (δ13C y δ15N) eta jatorriaren (87Sr/86Sr) inguruan berri ematen diguten analisi isotopikoak. Bestetik, eta artikulu honen helburu nagusi izanez, kobazuloa bere testuinguruan kokatu zein, eskualdean dauden gainontzeko ehorzketa kobazuloekin alderaketa burutu. EnglishArchaeological site of Karea (Aia, Gipuzkoa) was discovered in 2007 by Antxieta Jakintza Taldea (a Basque cultural-speleological aggrupation from Azpeitia -Gipuzkoa-). This site has two contiguous cavities where different archaeological remains were discovered: Karea-A and Karea-B. Karea-A, which has small dimensions and an easy entrance, was excavated in 2008 by Antxieta Jakintza Taldea and Maria Jose Iriarte-Chiapusso (archaeologist and IKERBASQUE researcher). Faunal remains and abundant pottery remains were recovered there, suggesting a short time human occupation during prehistorical times. At the same time, the speleological group found a second cave which has a small and hidden entrance: Karea-B. The researchers supposed that the cavities were linked in the past, but, an internal collapse divided both caves. They also found some human bones in a small side gallery. The excavation of Karea-B in 2009 resulted in the discovery of a chalcolithic inhumation. Some pottery and fauna remains, which were identified like grave goods, were also found with the human body. Under this burial, charcoal fragments were recovered, suggesting a ritual or hygienic aim because there is no fire signal into the bones. We here present a multidisciplinary study of this archaeological deposit consisting of: (1)
在Karea考古遗址(Aia, Gipuzkoa)，由相邻的Karea- a和Karea- b洞穴组成，发现了大量的陶瓷和动物遗骸(Karea- a)和钙质埋葬(Karea- b)的遗迹。目前的工作主要集中在两个方面。首先，通过不同学科对这两种沉积物进行研究:(1)人类学研究;(2)研究由陶瓷和动物遗骸组成的ajuar;(3)在殡仪馆中发现的木屑的炭疽鉴定，最后(4)同位素研究，使我们能够获得埋葬对象的食物(δ13C和δ15N)和来源(87Sr/86Sr)的数据。其次，这是这项工作的主要目标，背景和建立与该地区其他史前洞穴埋葬表现的比较。euuskarakarea - a eta Karea-B历史学家(Aia, Gipuzkoa) aztarnategi arkeologikoan, zeramika, fauna zein kalkolitoko ehorzketa baten aztarnak berreskuratu ziren。她的父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师。Alde batetik，沉积azterketa diziplina desberdinen bidez:(1) azterketa antropologikoa;(2) hatua osatzen duten zeramika nahiz fauna aztarnen;(3) ehorzketan berreskuratutako egur-ikatzen behaketa， (4) ehortzitako gizabanakoaren elikaduraren (δ13C和δ15N) eta jatorriaren (87Sr/86Sr) inguruan berri ematen diguten analisi isotopikoak。他的父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师，父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师。EnglishArchaeological site of Karea 2007国际宇宙航行科学院Gipuzkoa) was discovered in by Antxieta Jakintza Taldea (Basque cultural-speleological aggrupation from Azpeitia -Gipuzkoa -)。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该地区的总面积为，其中土地和(3.064平方公里)水。Karea-A是由Antxieta Jakintza Taldea和Maria Jose iriart - chiapusso(考古学家和IKERBASQUE研究员)于2008年挖掘的。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该镇的土地面积为。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查局的数据，该镇总面积为，其中土地和(1.)水。The研究送交that The cavities是linked in The过去,but both caves,不失为一个内部collapse。他们还在一个小画廊里找到了一些人的骨头。2009年对Karea-B的挖掘发现了一个铜器时代的坟墓。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的面积为，其中土地面积为。按此burial,尾随他们变成木炭fragments质证suggesting仪式或hygienic aim由于there is fire signal into the骨头。我们在此提出一项关于该考古沉积的多学科研究，包括:(1)人类学研究;(2)陶器和动物坟墓良好装配研究;(3)对埋葬时回收的木材进行炭疽学研究;(4)同位素研究，以获得关于饮食(δ13C和δ15N)和来源(87Sr/86Sr)的信息。最后，我们把这个新发现放在Gipuzkoa的其他洞穴墓葬中，特别是在Urola山谷。
{"title":"El yacimiento calcolítico de Karea en el contexto de las cuevas sepulcrales de Gipuzkoa (País Vasco)","authors":"Ainhoa Aranburu-Mendizabal, Izaskun Sarasketa-Gartzia, Á. Arrizabalaga, Domingo C. Salazar‑García, Antxieta Arkeologia Taldea, M. Iriarte-Chiapusso","doi":"10.21630/MAA.2018.69.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21630/MAA.2018.69.09","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn el yacimiento arqueologico de Karea (Aia, Gipuzkoa), integrado por las cavidades contiguas de Karea-A y Karea-B, se recuperaron numerosos restos ceramicos y faunisticos (Karea-A) y vestigios de una inhumacion calcolitica (Karea-B). El presente trabajo se ha vertebrado en dos ejes. En primer lugar, el estudio de ambos depositos mediante diferentes disciplinas: (1) estudio antropologico; (2) estudio del ajuar, compuesto por restos ceramicos y faunisticos; (3) identificacion antracologica de los restos lenosos recuperados en el deposito funerario y por ultimo, (4) estudios isotopicos que nos han permitido obtener datos de la alimentacion (δ13C y δ15N) y procedencia (87Sr/86Sr) del sujeto inhumado en el yacimiento. En segundo lugar, siendo este el objetivo preferente de este trabajo, contextualizar y establecer una comparativa con otras manifestaciones sepulcrales prehistoricas en cueva de la region. EuskaraKarea-A eta Karea-B haitzuloez konposatutako historiaurreko Kareako (Aia, Gipuzkoa) aztarnategi arkeologikoan, zeramika, fauna zein kalkolitoko ehorzketa baten aztarnak berreskuratu ziren. Honako lan honek ondorioz, bi ardatz ditu. Alde batetik, deposituen azterketa diziplina desberdinen bidez: (1) azterketa antropologikoa; (2) hatua osatzen duten zeramika nahiz fauna aztarnen azterketa; (3) ehorzketan berreskuratutako egur-ikatzen behaketa eta, (4) ehortzitako gizabanakoaren elikaduraren (δ13C y δ15N) eta jatorriaren (87Sr/86Sr) inguruan berri ematen diguten analisi isotopikoak. Bestetik, eta artikulu honen helburu nagusi izanez, kobazuloa bere testuinguruan kokatu zein, eskualdean dauden gainontzeko ehorzketa kobazuloekin alderaketa burutu. EnglishArchaeological site of Karea (Aia, Gipuzkoa) was discovered in 2007 by Antxieta Jakintza Taldea (a Basque cultural-speleological aggrupation from Azpeitia -Gipuzkoa-). This site has two contiguous cavities where different archaeological remains were discovered: Karea-A and Karea-B. Karea-A, which has small dimensions and an easy entrance, was excavated in 2008 by Antxieta Jakintza Taldea and Maria Jose Iriarte-Chiapusso (archaeologist and IKERBASQUE researcher). Faunal remains and abundant pottery remains were recovered there, suggesting a short time human occupation during prehistorical times. At the same time, the speleological group found a second cave which has a small and hidden entrance: Karea-B. The researchers supposed that the cavities were linked in the past, but, an internal collapse divided both caves. They also found some human bones in a small side gallery. The excavation of Karea-B in 2009 resulted in the discovery of a chalcolithic inhumation. Some pottery and fauna remains, which were identified like grave goods, were also found with the human body. Under this burial, charcoal fragments were recovered, suggesting a ritual or hygienic aim because there is no fire signal into the bones. We here present a multidisciplinary study of this archaeological deposit consisting of: (1) ","PeriodicalId":38152,"journal":{"name":"Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78997700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. J. J. Maestre, Palmira Torregrosa-Giménez, Gabriel García Atiénzar, María Pastor Quiles, Alicia Luján Navas, F. Hernández, S. P. Díaz, Mónica Alonso, J. L. Sáez, Carles Ferrer García, C. Cuñat
espanolEl estudio del Neolitico en el Levante de la peninsula Iberica cuenta con una larga trayectoria investigadora, siendo bien conocido en algunos valles como el Serpis o el Clariano. La excavacion de un buen numero de yacimientos en cueva y al aire libre ha posibilitado que esta zona sea un referente destacado a escala peninsular y del Mediterraneo occidental. Sin embargo, otras cuencas fluviales muy cercanas como la del rio Vinalopo no han contado hasta el momento con suficientes bases secuenciales para su caracterizacion. Las primeras propuestas, establecidas a partir de los restos materiales hallados en diversos yacimientos al aire libre y en cueva, habian llevado a considerar que el proceso de neolitizacion se iniciaria a finales del VI milenio cal BC, casi medio siglo despues de la presencia de comunidades agricolas a lo largo del rio Serpis. El proceso de implantacion neolitica en el Vinalopo debia explicarse, por tanto, como resultado de la expansion poblacional desde el Serpis. Sin embargo, nuevas excavaciones y estudios vienen a ampliar el abanico de posibles explicaciones. Asi, a proposito de las evidencias arqueologicas documentadas en la excavacion de la Cova dels Calderons (La Romana, Alicante), se exponen nuevos datos sobre la ocupacion neolitica, en especial sedimentologicos, paleobotanicos, arqueozoologicos y nuevas dataciones absolutas, que permiten reflexionar sobre el proceso de neolitizacion de las tierras meridionales valencianas y, mas en concreto, de la cuenca del rio Vinalopo. Ello permite configurar una nueva hipotesis que viene a considerar que la presencia de grupos neoliticos en dicho territorio es mas antigua que lo planteado hasta la fecha. Esta hipotesis, a su vez, lleva a inferir dos nuevos escenarios posibles: o bien, que el momento de llegada de los primeros grupos neoliticos a las tierras del norte de Alicante fue mas antiguo de lo propuesto, o bien que la procedencia planteada para las primeras poblaciones neoliticas del sur de Alicante no sea la hasta ahora considerada –origen en cuencas mas septentrionales como la del Serpis–, siendo la via sur la mas probable. EnglishThe study of the Neolithic in the Levant of the Iberian Peninsula has a long research trajectory, being well known in some river valleys such as Serpis or Clariano. The excavation of a large number of cave and open-air deposits has made this area an outstanding reference on a peninsular scale and in the western Mediterranean. However, other nearby river basins such as the Vinalopo basin have not yet had sufficient sequential bases for their characterization. The first proposals, established from the material remains found in various open-air sites and in caves, had led to consider that the process of neolithization would begin at the end of the sixth millennium cal BC, almost half a century after the presence of agricultural communities along the Serpis river. The process of Neolithic implantation in the Vinalopo had to be explained, therefo
伊比利亚半岛黎凡特新石器时代的研究有着悠久的研究历史，在一些山谷如Serpis或Clariano都很有名。大量的洞穴和露天遗址的挖掘使该地区成为半岛和西地中海规模的重要参考。然而，其他非常近的河流流域，如Vinalopo河，到目前为止还没有足够的序列基础来描述它们。最初规定的建议,从遗留在露天遗址发现的洞穴,被带到认为neolitizacion进程这里将开始看到千年下旬cal BC,近半个世纪后,沿线社区agricolas现身里约Serpis。因此，Vinalopo的新石器时代植入过程必须解释为自Serpis以来人口扩张的结果。然而，新的挖掘和研究扩大了可能的解释范围。,顺便说一下,那arqueologicas证据证明在excavacion Cova dels Calderons(利),罗马,新的数据ocupacion neolitica,特别是sedimentologicos paleobotanicos arqueozoologicos和新的绝对dataciones,因而能够反思南部土地neolitizacion valencianas进程,更具体而言,力拓Vinalopo河流域。这允许建立一个新的假设，考虑到新石器时代群体在该地区的存在比目前提出的更古老。这个hipotesis反过来,把两个可能出新方案:要么推断,预计到达时间为最先neoliticos利北部是历史最悠久的土地提出的建议,要么认为提出首次人口南方neoliticas利不是迄今为止被视为源于最北部Serpis等流域——仍然是通过南方,最可能的。EnglishThe study of the Neolithic in the黎凡特of the Iberian半岛你a long research trajectory, being in some河的成熟度valleys如Serpis or Clariano。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该地区的总面积为，其中土地和(2.641平方公里)水。然而,其他nearby河basins如Vinalopo盆地尚未性虐待sufficient sequential characterization……基地。The first建议设立的,仍found in from The材料解决led open-air sites and in caves,为此考虑that The process of neolithization将开始at The end of The年六届cal BC是half a century after The unitde在场的农业社区Serpis河。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，Vinalopo的人口密度为每平方英里(1 / 100 /公里)。然而，新的挖掘和研究扩大了可能的解释范围。archaeological有关的证据记录在案的during the excavations at Cova dels Calderons(罗马,利),我们目前new data,特别是sedimentological paleobotanical archeozoological and new绝对为。这些allow us to 12 on the neolithization process of the领土in the Southern Valencian region,特别是in the Vinalopo河盆地。这些数据使我们有可能提出一种新的假设，即新石器时代群体在该地区的存在将比目前所考虑的要早得多。This hypothesis线索us to two new可能的假想:授权the arrival of the first Neolithic groups to the northern areas of利委员in也times, or the origin of the first Neolithic人口in the southern areas of利is not what it has been thought to date—北方basins如Serpis河one—。考虑到这一点，通往这些地区的南部路线似乎是最可能的选择。西班牙半岛东部的新政治村庄azterketak ibilbide luzea du ikerketari dagokionez, eta oso ezagunak dira haran batzuk, hala nola Serpis edo Clariano。他的父亲是一名医生，他的父亲是一名医生，他的父亲是一名医生，他的父亲是一名医生。在这里，你可以找到一些关于伊拜-阿罗的作品，伊拜-阿罗的作品，伊拜-阿罗的作品，伊拜-阿罗的作品，伊拜-阿罗的作品，伊拜-阿罗的作品，伊拜-阿罗的作品，伊拜-阿罗的作品，伊拜-阿罗的作品，伊拜-阿罗的作品，伊拜-阿罗的作品。Aire zabalean eta leizean dauden aztarnategi ugaritan topatutako hondakin material ugaritatik abiatuta egindako lehen proposamenen arabera, uste izan da neolitizazio-prozesua cal BC VI milurte amaieran hasiko zela, Serpis ibaian zehar nekazaritzako komunitateen presentzia baino ia mende erdi geroago。
{"title":"Los inicios del Neolítico en las tierras meridionales valencianas: a propósito de la Cova dels Calderons (La Romana, Alicante)","authors":"F. J. J. Maestre, Palmira Torregrosa-Giménez, Gabriel García Atiénzar, María Pastor Quiles, Alicia Luján Navas, F. Hernández, S. P. Díaz, Mónica Alonso, J. L. Sáez, Carles Ferrer García, C. Cuñat","doi":"10.21630/maa.2018.69.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21630/maa.2018.69.08","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl estudio del Neolitico en el Levante de la peninsula Iberica cuenta con una larga trayectoria investigadora, siendo bien conocido en algunos valles como el Serpis o el Clariano. La excavacion de un buen numero de yacimientos en cueva y al aire libre ha posibilitado que esta zona sea un referente destacado a escala peninsular y del Mediterraneo occidental. Sin embargo, otras cuencas fluviales muy cercanas como la del rio Vinalopo no han contado hasta el momento con suficientes bases secuenciales para su caracterizacion. Las primeras propuestas, establecidas a partir de los restos materiales hallados en diversos yacimientos al aire libre y en cueva, habian llevado a considerar que el proceso de neolitizacion se iniciaria a finales del VI milenio cal BC, casi medio siglo despues de la presencia de comunidades agricolas a lo largo del rio Serpis. El proceso de implantacion neolitica en el Vinalopo debia explicarse, por tanto, como resultado de la expansion poblacional desde el Serpis. Sin embargo, nuevas excavaciones y estudios vienen a ampliar el abanico de posibles explicaciones. Asi, a proposito de las evidencias arqueologicas documentadas en la excavacion de la Cova dels Calderons (La Romana, Alicante), se exponen nuevos datos sobre la ocupacion neolitica, en especial sedimentologicos, paleobotanicos, arqueozoologicos y nuevas dataciones absolutas, que permiten reflexionar sobre el proceso de neolitizacion de las tierras meridionales valencianas y, mas en concreto, de la cuenca del rio Vinalopo. Ello permite configurar una nueva hipotesis que viene a considerar que la presencia de grupos neoliticos en dicho territorio es mas antigua que lo planteado hasta la fecha. Esta hipotesis, a su vez, lleva a inferir dos nuevos escenarios posibles: o bien, que el momento de llegada de los primeros grupos neoliticos a las tierras del norte de Alicante fue mas antiguo de lo propuesto, o bien que la procedencia planteada para las primeras poblaciones neoliticas del sur de Alicante no sea la hasta ahora considerada –origen en cuencas mas septentrionales como la del Serpis–, siendo la via sur la mas probable. EnglishThe study of the Neolithic in the Levant of the Iberian Peninsula has a long research trajectory, being well known in some river valleys such as Serpis or Clariano. The excavation of a large number of cave and open-air deposits has made this area an outstanding reference on a peninsular scale and in the western Mediterranean. However, other nearby river basins such as the Vinalopo basin have not yet had sufficient sequential bases for their characterization. The first proposals, established from the material remains found in various open-air sites and in caves, had led to consider that the process of neolithization would begin at the end of the sixth millennium cal BC, almost half a century after the presence of agricultural communities along the Serpis river. The process of Neolithic implantation in the Vinalopo had to be explained, therefo","PeriodicalId":38152,"journal":{"name":"Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81457172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mikel Arlegi, Joseba Rios-Garaizar, A. Rodríguez-Hidalgo, M. A. López-Horgue, Asier Gómez-Olivencia
espanolEn este trabajo realizamos el estudio de nuevos materiales arqueo-paleontologicos recuperados en las dos escombreras de la cantera de Koskobilo (Olazti, Nafarroa) y proporcionamos nuevos datos sobre las colecciones recuperadas durante el s. XX en esta localidad. En este trabajo consideramos probable que los restos arqueo-paleontologicos de Koskobilo provengan de, al menos, dos cavidades, o de dos depositos independientes dentro de la misma cavidad. En la coleccion paleontologica, destacamos la identificacion de cuon, macaco, oso negro asiatico y ciervo gigante. La presencia de oso negro asiatico y de hipopotamo indican depositos del Pleistoceno Medio. Ademas, en base a la industria litica, queda firmemente constatada la presencia de poblaciones humanas desde el Paleolitico Medio Antiguo y durante varias fases del Paleolitico Superior, pudiendose destacar en Koskobilo la presencia de un taller de piezas foliaceas solutrense, el unico registrado hasta el momento en el area cantabrica. EnglishIn this work we provide new data on the archaeopaleontological findings from the Koskobilo quarry (Olazti, Navarre). We have reviewed the archaeo-paleontological collections that this quarry has yielded, which are curated at the Museum of Navarre. Additionally, we have studied new findings that we have recovered from two dumps of the quarry. Regarding the paleontological collection we have identified four new taxa in Koskobilo: dhole (Cuon sp.), Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus), asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) and giant deer (Megacerini indet.). The presence of Ursus thibetanus with the already known presence of hippopotamus suggests that, at least, part of this paleontological collection has a Middle Pleistocene chronology. Additionally, the size of the second upper molars of the cave bears (Ursus spelaeus) suggests that at least another part of the collection was deposited during the Upper Pleistocene. The lithic collection, which was started to be recovered 10 years after the faunal collection, has yielded a few tools that can be ascribed to the Lower or Early Middle Paleolithic which could be roughly contemporaneous with the faunal collection. However, most of them are from the Upper Paleolithic and younger than the presence of the cave bears: Solutrean and Final Upper Magdalenian/Azilian, with the presence of a workshop of Solutrean bifacial points, unique in the northern Iberian peninsula. The data obtained from this study points towards the presence of two caves or cave sectors in which archaeopaleontological evidence from at least four moments of the Prehistory were recorded.
在这项工作中，我们对在Koskobilo采石场(Olazti, Nafarroa)的两个垃圾场中发现的新的考古和古生物材料进行了研究，并提供了20世纪在该地区发现的收藏品的新数据。科斯科比洛的考古-古生物学遗迹很可能来自至少两个洞穴，或同一洞穴内的两个独立的沉积物。在古生物学收藏中，我们强调了cuon、猴子、亚洲黑熊和大鹿的鉴定。亚洲黑熊和河马的存在表明中更新世沉积。此外，在石质工业的基础上，从古旧石器时代中期到旧石器时代晚期的几个阶段，人类人口的存在得到了坚定的证实，在科斯科比洛可以突出solutran叶的车间的存在，这是迄今为止在坎塔布里亚地区唯一记录的。EnglishIn this work we提供new data on the archaeopaleontological阿片剂from the Koskobilo quarry (Olazti Navarre)。你We have reviewed the archaeo-paleontological collections that this quarry yielded, which are curated at the博物馆of Navarre。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的土地面积为。根据古生物学的收集，我们在科斯科比洛鉴定了四个新类群:dhole (Cuon sp.)、Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus)、asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus)和giant deer (Megacerini indet.)。在场Ursus thibetanus with The曾经在场的成熟度hippopotamus复核,至少,part of this paleontological collection has a Middle Pleistocene chronology。此外,the size of the second上molars of the cave熊(Ursus spelaeus)复核that was at至少another part of the collection保存during the上Pleistocene。The lithic collection, which was started to be after The faunal collection回收10年,你yielded politico tools that can be ascribed to The Lower or Early Middle Paleolithic which还将roughly的with The faunal collection。然而,most of them are from the上Paleolithic and扬than the在场of the cave熊:Solutrean and最后上Magdalenian / Azilian with the在场workshop of Solutrean bifacial points, unique in the northern Iberian半岛。The data获得from this study points towards The在场of two caves or cave部门in which archaeopaleontological证据至少四时刻部落格of The Prehistory民工recorded。
{"title":"Koskobilo (Olazti, Nafarroa): nuevos hallazgos y revisión de las colecciones","authors":"Mikel Arlegi, Joseba Rios-Garaizar, A. Rodríguez-Hidalgo, M. A. López-Horgue, Asier Gómez-Olivencia","doi":"10.21630/maa.2018.69.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21630/maa.2018.69.07","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn este trabajo realizamos el estudio de nuevos materiales arqueo-paleontologicos recuperados en las dos escombreras de la cantera de Koskobilo (Olazti, Nafarroa) y proporcionamos nuevos datos sobre las colecciones recuperadas durante el s. XX en esta localidad. En este trabajo consideramos probable que los restos arqueo-paleontologicos de Koskobilo provengan de, al menos, dos cavidades, o de dos depositos independientes dentro de la misma cavidad. En la coleccion paleontologica, destacamos la identificacion de cuon, macaco, oso negro asiatico y ciervo gigante. La presencia de oso negro asiatico y de hipopotamo indican depositos del Pleistoceno Medio. Ademas, en base a la industria litica, queda firmemente constatada la presencia de poblaciones humanas desde el Paleolitico Medio Antiguo y durante varias fases del Paleolitico Superior, pudiendose destacar en Koskobilo la presencia de un taller de piezas foliaceas solutrense, el unico registrado hasta el momento en el area cantabrica. EnglishIn this work we provide new data on the archaeopaleontological findings from the Koskobilo quarry (Olazti, Navarre). We have reviewed the archaeo-paleontological collections that this quarry has yielded, which are curated at the Museum of Navarre. Additionally, we have studied new findings that we have recovered from two dumps of the quarry. Regarding the paleontological collection we have identified four new taxa in Koskobilo: dhole (Cuon sp.), Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus), asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) and giant deer (Megacerini indet.). The presence of Ursus thibetanus with the already known presence of hippopotamus suggests that, at least, part of this paleontological collection has a Middle Pleistocene chronology. Additionally, the size of the second upper molars of the cave bears (Ursus spelaeus) suggests that at least another part of the collection was deposited during the Upper Pleistocene. The lithic collection, which was started to be recovered 10 years after the faunal collection, has yielded a few tools that can be ascribed to the Lower or Early Middle Paleolithic which could be roughly contemporaneous with the faunal collection. However, most of them are from the Upper Paleolithic and younger than the presence of the cave bears: Solutrean and Final Upper Magdalenian/Azilian, with the presence of a workshop of Solutrean bifacial points, unique in the northern Iberian peninsula. The data obtained from this study points towards the presence of two caves or cave sectors in which archaeopaleontological evidence from at least four moments of the Prehistory were recorded.","PeriodicalId":38152,"journal":{"name":"Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86055765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rodrigo Gil-Merino Rubio, Miguel Moreno-Gallo, G. Castro, Rodrigo Villalobos-García
espanolPresentamos un intento de profundizar en el significado y circunstancias culturales en las que se construyeron los sepulcros de corredor neoliticos del noreste de la Submeseta Norte espanola, combinando caracteristicas astronomicas, topograficas y orograficas del terreno circundante. Describimos el trabajo de campo realizado para observar sobre el terreno los efectos de la luz del sol naciente en varios de tales dolmenes, demostrando que las orientaciones fueron minuciosamente calculadas para propiciar que, unos pocos dias en torno al comienzo del invierno, los rayos solares se adentraran por el pasillo e iluminaran el interior de los sepulcros y manifestaciones artisticas asociadas que describimos. Por todo ello deducimos la posible existencia de una estructura sociocultural con rituales, ceremonias y actividades funerarias ligadas a un conocimiento profundo del calendario y especialistas dedicados a la planificacion y construccion de estos dolmenes y sus espectaculos luminosos ligados a ellos. EnglishWe here present a tried to deeper understand the meaning and cultural circumstances in which megalithic tombs with corridor where built in the north-east of the northen sub-plateau of the Iberian Peninsula, combining astronomical, topographical and orographic characteristics of the surroundings. We also describe the fieldwork performed to observe on the ground the effects of the dawn sunlight in several of these dolmens, demonstrating that the orientations where carefully calculated to cause, during the days around the beginning of the Winter, the sunlight to ilumminate the inner parts of the tombs and the art manifestations within that we describe. From here we deduce the possible existence of a sociocultural structure with rituals, ceremonies and funerary activities bound to a sound knowledge of the calendar and a specialiazed workforce dedicated to the design and construction of these dolmens and light effects associated to them. EuskaraEspainiako iparraldeko azpimesetako ipar-ekialdeko korridoreko hilobi neolitikoak eraikitzeko garaian oinarri izan ziren gorabehera kulturalak eta esanahia sakontzeko saiakera da honako hau. Horrekin lotuta, inguruko eremuko ezaugarri astronomikoak, topografikoak eta orografikoak uztartu ditugu. Eguzki atera berriaren argiak trikuharri horietan dituen eraginak tokian bertan behatzeko egindako landa-lana deskribatu dugu, orientazioak zehatz-mehatz kalkulatu zituztela erakutsita. Orientazio horien helburua zen neguaren hasiera inguruko egun gutxi batzuetan, eguzki-izpiak korridorean barrura sartzea eta deskribatutako hilobien barnealdea eta haiei lotutako adierazpen artistikoak argiztatzea. Horregatik guztiagatik ondorioztatu dugu egutegiaren ezagutza sakonari lotutako erritualak, zeremoniak eta hileta-jarduerak zein trikuharri horien eta haiei lotutako ikuskizun argidunen plangintza egiteaz eta haiek eraikitzeaz arduratzen ziren espezialistak zituen egitura soziokulturala egon zitekeela.
我们试图深入研究西班牙北部亚高原东北部新石器时代走廊坟墓的意义和文化环境，结合周围地形的天文、地形和地形特征。我们讨论外地进行田野调查,以观察光的影响在多个此类dolmenes冉冉升起的太阳,表明指导准则被刻意计算,以围绕冬季伊始,只是几天,阳光沿着过道和iluminaran或坟墓内伙伴artisticas描述和表现。因此，我们推断出可能存在一种社会文化结构，其中的仪式、仪式和葬礼活动与对日历的深入了解有关，专家致力于这些石棺的规划和建造以及与之相关的发光表演。我们在此提出一项努力，以进一步了解在伊比利亚半岛北部亚高原东北部建造的巨石墓和走廊的意义和文化环境，结合周围的天文、地形和地形特征。我们还描述fieldwork方面to注意on the ground the effects of the dawn sunlight若干这些dolmens仔细计算,表明orientations where to引起,during the days) around the beginning of the Winter, the sunlight to ilumminate the穿行parts of the tombs and the art种族within that We描述。从这里我们推断出可能存在一种社会文化结构，包括仪式、仪式和葬礼活动，这种结构与日历的健全知识以及专门从事这些石棺的设计和建造以及与之相关的灯光效果的工作人员有关。他的父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师，父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师。Horrekin lotuta, inguruko eremuko ezaugarri天文学家，topografikoak eta orografikoak uztartu ditugu。他的父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师，父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师。他的父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师，父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师，父亲是一名律师，母亲是一名律师。在过去的几年里，我们看到了许多不同的东西，我们看到了不同的东西，我们看到了不同的东西，我们看到了不同的东西，我们看到了不同的东西，我们看到了不同的东西。
{"title":"Luz para ver y ser vista: los efectos de la iluminación solar durante el solsticio de invierno en los dólmenes de corredor de la provincia de Burgos","authors":"Rodrigo Gil-Merino Rubio, Miguel Moreno-Gallo, G. Castro, Rodrigo Villalobos-García","doi":"10.21630/maa.2018.69.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21630/maa.2018.69.06","url":null,"abstract":"espanolPresentamos un intento de profundizar en el significado y circunstancias culturales en las que se construyeron los sepulcros de corredor neoliticos del noreste de la Submeseta Norte espanola, combinando caracteristicas astronomicas, topograficas y orograficas del terreno circundante. Describimos el trabajo de campo realizado para observar sobre el terreno los efectos de la luz del sol naciente en varios de tales dolmenes, demostrando que las orientaciones fueron minuciosamente calculadas para propiciar que, unos pocos dias en torno al comienzo del invierno, los rayos solares se adentraran por el pasillo e iluminaran el interior de los sepulcros y manifestaciones artisticas asociadas que describimos. Por todo ello deducimos la posible existencia de una estructura sociocultural con rituales, ceremonias y actividades funerarias ligadas a un conocimiento profundo del calendario y especialistas dedicados a la planificacion y construccion de estos dolmenes y sus espectaculos luminosos ligados a ellos. EnglishWe here present a tried to deeper understand the meaning and cultural circumstances in which megalithic tombs with corridor where built in the north-east of the northen sub-plateau of the Iberian Peninsula, combining astronomical, topographical and orographic characteristics of the surroundings. We also describe the fieldwork performed to observe on the ground the effects of the dawn sunlight in several of these dolmens, demonstrating that the orientations where carefully calculated to cause, during the days around the beginning of the Winter, the sunlight to ilumminate the inner parts of the tombs and the art manifestations within that we describe. From here we deduce the possible existence of a sociocultural structure with rituals, ceremonies and funerary activities bound to a sound knowledge of the calendar and a specialiazed workforce dedicated to the design and construction of these dolmens and light effects associated to them. EuskaraEspainiako iparraldeko azpimesetako ipar-ekialdeko korridoreko hilobi neolitikoak eraikitzeko garaian oinarri izan ziren gorabehera kulturalak eta esanahia sakontzeko saiakera da honako hau. Horrekin lotuta, inguruko eremuko ezaugarri astronomikoak, topografikoak eta orografikoak uztartu ditugu. Eguzki atera berriaren argiak trikuharri horietan dituen eraginak tokian bertan behatzeko egindako landa-lana deskribatu dugu, orientazioak zehatz-mehatz kalkulatu zituztela erakutsita. Orientazio horien helburua zen neguaren hasiera inguruko egun gutxi batzuetan, eguzki-izpiak korridorean barrura sartzea eta deskribatutako hilobien barnealdea eta haiei lotutako adierazpen artistikoak argiztatzea. Horregatik guztiagatik ondorioztatu dugu egutegiaren ezagutza sakonari lotutako erritualak, zeremoniak eta hileta-jarduerak zein trikuharri horien eta haiei lotutako ikuskizun argidunen plangintza egiteaz eta haiek eraikitzeaz arduratzen ziren espezialistak zituen egitura soziokulturala egon zitekeela.","PeriodicalId":38152,"journal":{"name":"Munibe Antropologia-Arkeologia","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87838144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eduardo Berganza, Mónica Ruíz-Alonso, Rosa Ruiz-Idarraga
The site of Santa Catalina is located in the coastal area of the Bay of Biscay, in Northern Spain, 35 m above present sea level. Archaeological diggings performed in the site have shown a late glacial stratigraphical sequence that extends from the final Magdalenian to the Azilian period. In level III, final Magdalenian (15.000 – 12.000 cal BP), we have been able to confirm a densely populated settlement, devoted to the exploitation of both sea and land resources. Within the collection of portable art recovered, there are two wooden beads, which are the subject of the present study. These wooden beads are round pieces, of about 5 mm in diameter and with a central hole drilling. Both pieces are burnt, a fact which has contributed to their preservation. The beads have been macro and microscopically analyzed, what has enabled us to determine its raw material, though the specific taxon has not been established. What we confirm is that both come from a tangential split of the wood. Through an experimental survey, we were able to determine how these beads were manufactured and how they were used. We have also resorted to other experimental studies which deal with the manufacturing of similar pieces from different materials. From very small wooden bead blanks, of a size slightly larger than the beads and through the use of very fine micro drills, most likely hefted, the perforation must have resulted. The final polish could have been produced by rubbing with some sandstone of fine grain. The small grooves observed in the holes suggest that these objects were hung, being part of a necklace or a pendant. (1) AOZTA eduardoberganza@irakasle.eus (2) Grupo de Investigación Arqueobiología, Instituto de Historia, CCHS, CSIC, C/ Albasanz, 26-28, 28037 Madrid. Monica.ruiz@cchs.csic.es (3) rosa.ruizidarraga@gmail.com https://doi.org/10.21630/maa.2018.69.05 Cuentas de madera magdalenienses de la cueva de Santa Catalina (Lekeitio, Bizkaia, España) Recibido: 2017-12-18 Aceptado: 2018-03-13 Magdalenian wooden beads from the cave of Santa Catalina (Lekeitio, Bizkaia, Spain) PALABRAS CLAVES: Objetos de adorno. Cuentas de madera. Paleolítico Superior. Experimentación. GAKO-HITZAK: Apaingarriak. Egurrezko aleak. Goi Paleolitoa. Esperimentazioa.
圣卡塔利娜的场地位于西班牙北部比斯开湾的沿海地区，比现在的海平面高35米。在该遗址进行的考古挖掘显示了冰川晚期的地层序列，从最后的马格达莱期延伸到阿兹利亚期。在第三层，最后的抹大拉纪(15,000 - 12,000 cal BP)，我们已经能够确认一个人口密集的定居点，致力于开发海洋和陆地资源。在回收的便携式艺术品收藏中，有两颗木制珠子，这是本次研究的主题。这些木制珠子是圆形的，直径约5毫米，中间有一个钻孔。这两件作品都被烧毁了，这一事实有助于它们的保存。我们对这些珠子进行了宏观和微观分析，这使我们能够确定它的原料，尽管具体的分类群还没有确定。我们可以确定的是，这两颗子弹都来自木头的切向劈开处。通过一项实验调查，我们能够确定这些珠子是如何制造和使用的。我们还求助于其他实验研究，这些研究涉及用不同的材料制造类似的零件。从非常小的木珠坯，尺寸略大于珠，通过使用非常精细的微钻，很可能是加重的，一定是穿孔造成的。最后的抛光可以通过摩擦一些细粒砂岩来完成。在洞中观察到的小凹槽表明这些物品是悬挂的，是项链或吊坠的一部分。(1) AOZTA eduardoberganza@irakasle.eus (2) Grupo de Investigación Arqueobiología, CCHS, CSIC, C/ Albasanz, 26- 28,28037马德里。Monica.ruiz@cchs.csic.es (3) rosa.ruizidarraga@gmail.com https://doi.org/10.21630/maa.2018.69.05 Cuentas de madera magdalenises de la cueva de Santa Catalina (Lekeitio, Bizkaia, España) Recibido: 2017-12-18 Aceptado: 2018-03-13 Santa Catalina (Lekeitio, Bizkaia, Spain)洞穴中的magdalenses木珠Cuentas de madera。Paleolitico优越。Experimentacion。GAKO-HITZAK: Apaingarriak。Egurrezko漏水的。Goi Paleolitoa。Esperimentazioa。
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espanolEl trabajo reune y analiza 1.395 dataciones C14 de la prehistoria iberica, del lapso cronologico 13000-5000 BP. A partir de ellas se plantea si las mismas sirven para evaluar correctamente el poblamiento tanto a nivel iberico como entre las regiones en las que se divide el territorio. Para su evaluacion se sigue el procedimiento de suma de probabilidades una vez calibradas cada uno de los resultados. Como variacion a los sistemas tradicionales se incorpora una rutina matematica que evita las duplicaciones de contextos repetidamente datados (con valores solapados). En la lectura de los resultados obtenidos (regional y globalmente) se tienen en cuentan los factores derivados de la curva de calibracion, los sesgos tafonomicos y de investigacion, asi como eventos climaticos. En consecuencia, se observa que la compilacion de fechas puede producir efectos ilusorios, ya advertidos criticamente por Bayliss, de tal manera que debe sopesarse con cuidado su valor como proxy de la demografia prehistorica. Las ausencias en tramos temporales y geograficos remiten a problemas de invisibilidad de registros arqueologico, y las alteraciones en las frecuencias tiene que mucho que ver con los cambios en las estrategias humanas. EnglishIn this work we analyse 1,395 14C dates from the Iberian prehistory, belonging to the 13000-5000 BP chronological span. The only selection criterion considers their accuracy: a standard deviation of less than a century was required. It is the largest compilation published for this geographical area. Each date has been calibrated using OxCal program and IntCal13 calibration curve before the construction of the summed calibrated date probability distributions (SCDPD). We have followed the habitual methodology for the SCDPD, incorporating a mathematical routine into our process that avoids duplications of overlapping data from contexts repeatedly dated. At the same time, for a detailed evaluation, the exercise is also performed individually for different regions: Cantabrian region, Ebro basin, Central plateau, Catalonia, Valencia, Andalusia and Portugal. The aim of this work is to evaluate in which way this kind of compilations can be interpreted as demographic proxy, in this case as the Iberian population dynamics during the final Paleolithic and the first half of the Holocene. In this sense, we think that for interpreting the SCDPD it is firstly necessary to evaluate different factors that could distort the final distribution: factors related to the calibration curve itself, to taphonomic and research biases, or to the methodology employed. We also observe the individualised behaviors between the series of samples of long and short life that, contrary to the assumption, do not show striking dissonances. On the other hand, the participation of some very specific archaeological contexts, such as shell middens, can originate false demographic processes derived from their high archaeological visibility and their easy dating. For this
这项工作收集和分析了1395个伊比利亚史前C14年代，时间跨度为13000-5000 BP。本研究的目的是评估伊比利亚半岛和领土划分地区之间的人口分布情况。对每个结果进行校准后，遵循概率和程序进行评估。作为传统系统的变体，它包含了一个数学例程，以避免重复日期上下文的重复(值重叠)。在阅读获得的结果(区域和全球)时，考虑了由校准曲线、tafonomicos和研究偏差以及气候事件产生的因素。因此，我们观察到，日期的汇编可能会产生错觉效应，贝利斯已经批判地警告过这一点，因此，必须仔细考虑它们作为史前人口统计的代表的价值。时间和地理区域的缺失意味着考古记录的不可见性问题，而频率的变化与人类策略的变化有很大关系。EnglishIn this work we analyse 1,395烷为from the Iberian prehistory BP,非to the 13000-5000》paramaribo span。The only selection雅典认为及其准确性:a standard deviation抑制胆was a century required。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查局的数据，该县的总面积为，其中土地和(1.)水。在构建总校准日期概率分布(SCDPD)之前，使用OxCal程序和IntCal13校准曲线对每个日期进行了校准。我们对SCDPD采用了通常的方法，在我们的处理过程中加入了一个数学例程，以避免重复从重复日期的上下文重叠数据。同时，为了进行详细评估，还对不同地区分别进行了练习:坎塔布里亚地区、埃布罗盆地、中央高原、加泰罗尼亚、巴伦西亚、安达卢西亚和葡萄牙。这项工作的目的是评估如何将这类汇编解释为一种人口代理，在这种情况下是作为旧石器时代晚期和全新世前半期的伊比利亚人口动态。在这方面，我们认为，在解释《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》时，首先必须评估可能扭曲最终分布的不同因素:与校准曲线本身有关的因素，与测绘和研究偏差有关的因素，或与所采用的方法有关的因素。我们还观察到长寿命和短寿命的一系列样本之间的个性化行为，与假设相反，没有表现出明显的不和谐。另一方面，一些非常具体的考古环境的参与，如贝壳中部，可以产生虚假的人口统计过程，因为它们的高考古能见度和它们的容易交集。因此，我们认为排除某些考古遗址是合理的，例如，在我们的序列结束时，在这些类型的练习中。他们可能会造成过度代表。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该镇的土地面积为。我们认为，只有在放射性碳数据与已知的考古记录(甚至是缺失的考古记录)之间不断进行的对话中，才有意义了解《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》。必须了解所涉及的文化(前)历史发展;网站的功能;= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的面积为。在这方面，例如，在新石器时代开始后，日期概率频率的急剧下降，在这些研究的逻辑中，这归因于人口的损失，可能与这些社会所采取的战略的变化有关。最后，我们认为14C数据的汇编可能会产生一种伪效果，已经被A. Bayliss批评地警告过，它们必须被考古学家修正——数据本身并不构成考古学。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查局的数据，该县总面积为，其中土地和(1.1%)水。The absence of data in临时文件和地理领域可refer to invisibility problems of archaeological记录,and The modifications in The probability frequencies related with都设有人权决定about The剥削of The领土,The number and characters of The开辟generated, or The inherent problems of The dating method and The剥削of The results。人口模式隐藏在这些问题之下。euuskaralan honetan, 13000 -5000 BP tarteko iberiar penintsulako 1395 datu erradiokarbonikoak biltzen eta aztertzen ditugu。
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