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Points & Pearls: Identification and management of marine envenomations in pediatric patients. 要点与珍珠:儿科患者海洋中毒的识别与管理。
Pediatric emergency medicine practice
Pub Date : 2020-04-02
Arooma Ismail, Jeranil Nunez
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引用次数: 0
Identification and management of marine envenomationsin pediatric patients 儿科患者海洋环境污染的识别与处理
Pediatric emergency medicine practice
Pub Date : 2020-04-01 Epub Date: 2020-04-02
Meghan B Spyres, Jeff Lapoint

Marine envenomations can cause a diverse array of clinical syndromes. Systemic and life-threatening reactions, as well as delayed presentations, can occur. The pediatric population is at higher risk for serious reactions to envenomations because their greater body surface area and smaller body mass can lead to a higher relative venom load. Although the majority of the literature on marine envenomations is of low quality, the available literature does suggest that management varies depending on the geographic location. This issue reviews both common and life-threatening presentations of marine envenomations, highlights key aspects of the history and physical examination that will help narrow the differential, and offers recommendations for management based on the envenomating creature and geographic location.

海洋中毒可引起各种临床症状。可能发生系统性和危及生命的反应，以及延迟的表现。儿科人群对毒液产生严重反应的风险更高，因为他们更大的体表面积和更小的体重会导致更高的相对毒液负荷。虽然大多数关于海洋环境污染的文献质量不高，但现有文献确实表明，管理因地理位置而异。本期杂志回顾了常见的和危及生命的海洋中毒症状，强调了病史和体格检查的关键方面，这些方面有助于缩小差异，并根据有毒生物和地理位置提供了管理建议。
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引用次数: 0
Points & Pearls: Emergency department management of patients with failure to thrive 要点与要点:急诊科对未能茁壮成长的病人的管理
Pediatric emergency medicine practice
Pub Date : 2020-03-02
Kathryn H. Pade
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引用次数: 0
Emergency department management of patients with failure to thrive 急诊科对患者茁壮成长失败的处理
Pediatric emergency medicine practice
Pub Date : 2020-03-02
Vincent Calleo, Ryan Surujdeo, Asalim Thabet

Although failure to thrive (FTT) is a relatively common presentation in the emergency department, many emergency clinicians are unsure of how to properly work up a pediatric patient with this condition. Obtaining a thorough history and physical examination will likely reveal the cause of FTT. Although most laboratory testing has low diagnostic yield, they may be indicated in certain circumstances. Radiologic testing is normally not indicated unless the history or physical examination point to a specific etiology. This issue reviews the etiology, pathophysiology, and management of patients with FTT, with the goal of improving outcomes while minimizing unnecessary testing, decreasing cost, and expediting emergency department care.

虽然发育不良(FTT)在急诊科是一种相对常见的表现，但许多急诊临床医生不确定如何正确地治疗患有这种疾病的儿科患者。获得全面的病史和体格检查可能会揭示FTT的原因。虽然大多数实验室检测的诊断率很低，但在某些情况下，它们可能是必要的。除非病史或体格检查指向特定的病因，否则通常不需要影像学检查。本期回顾了FTT患者的病因、病理生理学和管理，目的是在减少不必要的检查、降低成本和加快急诊护理的同时改善结果。
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引用次数: 0
Calculated decisions: Jones criteria for acute rheumatic fever diagnosis 计算决策:急性风湿热诊断的琼斯标准
Pediatric emergency medicine practice
Pub Date : 2020-02-03
Derek Tam, Max Berger, Hyunjoo Lee

The Jones criteria are use to diagnose acute rheumatic fever based on major and minor criteria.

琼斯标准是根据主要和次要标准诊断急性风湿热的标准。
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引用次数: 0
Points & Pearls: Emergency department management of eating disorder complications in pediatric patients 要点与要点:儿科患者饮食失调并发症的急诊管理
Pediatric emergency medicine practice
Pub Date : 2020-02-02
Arooma Ismail, Jeranil Nunez
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引用次数: 0
Calculated decisions: Kawasaki disease diagnostic criteria 计算决策:川崎病诊断标准
Pediatric emergency medicine practice
Pub Date : 2020-02-02
Joyce Brown, Angela Cavanna

The Kawasaki Disease Diagnostic Criteria diagnoses Kawasaki disease.

川崎病诊断标准诊断川崎病。
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引用次数: 0
Emergency department management of eating disorder complications in pediatric patients 儿科患者饮食失调并发症的急诊科管理
Pediatric emergency medicine practice
Pub Date : 2020-02-01 Epub Date: 2020-02-02
Stacey Ernest, Heather M Kuntz

Although eating disorders are on the psychiatric spectrum, they can have serious associated medical complications. Patients with eating disorders may present with complaints common to the emergency department such as abdominal pain, chest pain, syncope, or palpitations, but management of these conditions in eating disordered patients can pose a challenge. This issue provides a systems-based approach to the history, physical examination, evaluation, and treatment of acute complications of eating disorders, with a specific focus on the pathophysiology and management differences between an otherwise healthy patient and a patient with an eating disorder.

虽然饮食失调属于精神病学范畴，但它们可能有严重的相关医学并发症。饮食失调患者可能会出现急诊科常见的症状，如腹痛、胸痛、晕厥或心悸，但对饮食失调患者的这些症状的管理可能会带来挑战。本期提供了一种基于系统的方法来介绍饮食失调的病史、体格检查、评估和急性并发症的治疗，并特别关注健康患者和饮食失调患者之间的病理生理学和治疗差异。
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引用次数: 0
Calculated decisions: Shock index, pediatric age-adjusted (SIPA) 计算决策:休克指数，儿童年龄调整(SIPA)
Pediatric emergency medicine practice
Pub Date : 2020-01-15
Christian Hietanen

The SIPA calculates the shock index, adjusted for age, to predict mortality in children.

SIPA计算休克指数，并根据年龄进行调整，以预测儿童死亡率。
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引用次数: 0
Pediatric blunt abdominal trauma: recognition and management in the emergency department 小儿钝性腹部创伤:急诊科的识别与处理
Pediatric emergency medicine practice
Pub Date : 2020-01-15
Nicole Schacherer, Jill Miller, Kelli Petronis

Blunt abdominal trauma is the third most common cause of pediatric deaths from trauma, but it is the most common unrecog­nized fatal injury. The history and physical examination, combined with the mecha­nism of injury, should be used to develop a thoughtful and directed diagnostic workup. The mainstays of diagnostic evaluation in­clude laboratory testing, sonography, and computed tomography. However, due to the concern for radiation exposure and other risks, the routine use of these studies may not be necessary, and controversy exists as to which studies are beneficial and which are less valuable. This supplement discusses common mechanisms and injuries seen in children with blunt abdominal trauma and takes a closer look at evaluation and man­agement techniques.

钝性腹部创伤是小儿创伤死亡的第三大常见原因，但它是最常见的未被识别的致命伤害。病史和体格检查，结合损伤机制，应用于制定周到和有针对性的诊断工作。诊断评估的主要方法包括实验室测试、超声检查和计算机断层扫描。然而，由于对辐射暴露和其他风险的关注，这些研究的常规使用可能没有必要，并且存在关于哪些研究有益而哪些研究不那么有价值的争议。本补充讨论了钝性腹部创伤儿童常见的机制和损伤，并进一步探讨了评估和管理技术。
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引用次数: 0
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