It is the aim of this paper to present data on the survival of direct and indirect restorations in anterior teeth. Two sources of information are used: previously-published analysis of data from 1990 to 2006 from a 13 million restoration dataset from England and Wales; and evidence from published literature from 2011 to the time of writing (March 2022). The findings suggest that: (1) directly-placed resin composite materials may provide satisfactory survival of restorations in anterior teeth; (2) crowns provide better survival to re-intervention: however, crowning an incisor or canine tooth, as opposed to placement of a direct restoration, will lead to an earlier time to extraction of the restored tooth; (3) veneers perform more favourably than other restorations in terms of time to extraction of the restored tooth, but may have a less favourable time to re-intervention than crowns; (4) lithium disilicate crowns may be considered to perform satisfactorily with regard to time to re-intervention when placed in anterior teeth, but less satisfactorily in posterior teeth; and (5) operator factors influence survival of restorations.
Orthodontic treatment with the Invisalign® appliance (and other clear aligners) may be more aesthetically appealing to most adult patients when compared with conventional fixed appliances. When the first clear aligner systems were introduced into the market some 20 years ago, they were very basic in their mode of force delivery. In the last ten years, the Invisalign® system has undergone some remarkable changes and refinements in order to deliver more predictable treatment outcomes and allow for the treatment of more complex malocclusions. However, there remains an issue in terms of differences between the predicted and achieved tooth movements. Some tooth movements are more difficult to achieve than others. This article aims to examine the evidence of effectiveness and predictability of Invisalign® appliances for the correction of different tooth movements.
The bedrock of delivering cosmetic dentistry remains good communication underpinned by a clear and transparent consent process. This article looks at this while exploring the ethical and risk management issues that have started to challenge the profession. While patients' demand for cosmetic dentistry has exploded, this article explores the ethical conundrums faced by these treatments against the backdrop of whether their happiness is affected by their image.
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