Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783110605570-015
{"title":"14 Industry Acceptance and Conclusion","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110605570-015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110605570-015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":383677,"journal":{"name":"Microwave Based Weed Control and Soil Treatment","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124152749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783110605570-010
G. Brodie, D. Gupta, M. J. Khan, Sally Foletta, N. Bootes
{"title":"9 The Potential of Microwave Soil Treatment to Kill Weed Seeds","authors":"G. Brodie, D. Gupta, M. J. Khan, Sally Foletta, N. Bootes","doi":"10.1515/9783110605570-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110605570-010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":383677,"journal":{"name":"Microwave Based Weed Control and Soil Treatment","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125631013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783110605570-012
{"title":"11 The Effect of Microwave Soil Treatment on Subsequent Crop Growth and Yield","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110605570-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110605570-012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":383677,"journal":{"name":"Microwave Based Weed Control and Soil Treatment","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124043030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783110605570-017
{"title":"Index","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110605570-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110605570-017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":383677,"journal":{"name":"Microwave Based Weed Control and Soil Treatment","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129591642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783110605570-003
{"title":"2 The Growing Threat to Herbicide Use","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110605570-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110605570-003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":383677,"journal":{"name":"Microwave Based Weed Control and Soil Treatment","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114566201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783110605570-009
{"title":"8 The Potential of Microwave Treatment to Kill Weed Plants","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110605570-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110605570-009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":383677,"journal":{"name":"Microwave Based Weed Control and Soil Treatment","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130799895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783110605570-005
{"title":"4 Physical Weed Control","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110605570-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110605570-005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":383677,"journal":{"name":"Microwave Based Weed Control and Soil Treatment","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129879620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783110605570-007
Interest in the effects of high frequency electromagnetic waves on biological materials dates back to the late 19th century (Ark & Parry, 1940), while interest in the effect of high frequency waves on plant material began in the 1920s (Ark & Parry, 1940). Many of the earlier experiments on plant material focused on the effect of radio frequencies (RFs) on seeds (Ark & Parry, 1940). In many cases, short exposure resulted in increased germination and vigour of the emerging seedlings (Nelson, Ballard, Stetson, & Buchwald, 1976; Nelson & Stetson, 1985; Tran, 1979); however, long exposure usually resulted in seed death (Ark & Parry, 1940; Bebawi et al., 2007; Brodie et al., 2009). Davis et al. (1971; 1973) were among the first to study the lethal effect of microwave heating on seeds. They developed a set of prototypes, called “Zappers”, which they tested in the field for their Company and federal and state researchers. Their final prototype, designated Zapper III, underwent tests underwent tests to provide the data necessary for the construction of the first semi-commercial prototype. In October 1971, the Company purchased all proprietary rights to a discovery made at Texas A&M University concerning the toxic effects of microwaves on plants Davis et al. (1971; 1973).
{"title":"6 A Brief History of Microwave Weed Control Research","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110605570-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110605570-007","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in the effects of high frequency electromagnetic waves on biological materials dates back to the late 19th century (Ark & Parry, 1940), while interest in the effect of high frequency waves on plant material began in the 1920s (Ark & Parry, 1940). Many of the earlier experiments on plant material focused on the effect of radio frequencies (RFs) on seeds (Ark & Parry, 1940). In many cases, short exposure resulted in increased germination and vigour of the emerging seedlings (Nelson, Ballard, Stetson, & Buchwald, 1976; Nelson & Stetson, 1985; Tran, 1979); however, long exposure usually resulted in seed death (Ark & Parry, 1940; Bebawi et al., 2007; Brodie et al., 2009). Davis et al. (1971; 1973) were among the first to study the lethal effect of microwave heating on seeds. They developed a set of prototypes, called “Zappers”, which they tested in the field for their Company and federal and state researchers. Their final prototype, designated Zapper III, underwent tests underwent tests to provide the data necessary for the construction of the first semi-commercial prototype. In October 1971, the Company purchased all proprietary rights to a discovery made at Texas A&M University concerning the toxic effects of microwaves on plants Davis et al. (1971; 1973).","PeriodicalId":383677,"journal":{"name":"Microwave Based Weed Control and Soil Treatment","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125966628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783110605570-014
G. Brodie, D. Gupta, M. J. Khan, Sally Foletta, N. Bootes
A system transfer function for crop yield potential as a function of herbicide application has been derived in Chapter 3. This transfer function can be used to determine the crop response to expenditure on weed management using herbicides. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (2010), the area under grain production was approximately 24 million ha in 2008. According to Jones, Vere, Alemseged, and Medd (2005), the total expenditure for weed management in cropping systems, including herbicide application or tillage, was AU$1.18 billion. Therefore, allowing for inflation (Tab. 13.1), the expenditure per ha for weed management in Australia was about AU$57 ha-1, in 2010, when the area under cropping was determined. Allowing for further inflation, the current average direct expenditure for weed control is therefore approximately AU$74.67 ha-1. It was also pointed out in Chapter 2 that the indirect costs of herbicide use in Australia, due to environmental contamination, crop yield loss and human health costs, could be approximately US$433 million per annum. Allowing for inflation and the currency exchange rate of AU$1.00 = US$0.75, this equates to an additional AU$31.50 ha-1; therefore, the real expenditure (both direct and indirect) of herbicide treatment could be up to AU$106.20 ha-1.
{"title":"13 A Preliminary Economic Assessment of the Microwave Technology in an Herbicide Resistant World","authors":"G. Brodie, D. Gupta, M. J. Khan, Sally Foletta, N. Bootes","doi":"10.1515/9783110605570-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110605570-014","url":null,"abstract":"A system transfer function for crop yield potential as a function of herbicide application has been derived in Chapter 3. This transfer function can be used to determine the crop response to expenditure on weed management using herbicides. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (2010), the area under grain production was approximately 24 million ha in 2008. According to Jones, Vere, Alemseged, and Medd (2005), the total expenditure for weed management in cropping systems, including herbicide application or tillage, was AU$1.18 billion. Therefore, allowing for inflation (Tab. 13.1), the expenditure per ha for weed management in Australia was about AU$57 ha-1, in 2010, when the area under cropping was determined. Allowing for further inflation, the current average direct expenditure for weed control is therefore approximately AU$74.67 ha-1. It was also pointed out in Chapter 2 that the indirect costs of herbicide use in Australia, due to environmental contamination, crop yield loss and human health costs, could be approximately US$433 million per annum. Allowing for inflation and the currency exchange rate of AU$1.00 = US$0.75, this equates to an additional AU$31.50 ha-1; therefore, the real expenditure (both direct and indirect) of herbicide treatment could be up to AU$106.20 ha-1.","PeriodicalId":383677,"journal":{"name":"Microwave Based Weed Control and Soil Treatment","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115272709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-31DOI: 10.1515/9783110605570-fm
{"title":"Frontmatter","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9783110605570-fm","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110605570-fm","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":383677,"journal":{"name":"Microwave Based Weed Control and Soil Treatment","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128558948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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