This paper attempts to analyze the propagation characteristics of radio signal inside a partially open drain environment using an empirical approach. The proposed research topic concerns a unique situation in several Asian countries because the drainage systems in these countries differ notably from those in the US and Europe in that the former are partially open on the top while the latter are primarily below ground and covered. Measurement results are reported for one drain located on Sunway University campus at 2.4 and 5.8 GHz. The differences between the measurement results at the aforementioned two frequencies are discussed. These measurement results serve as a useful indicator as to how signal might behave differently in partially enclosed spaces, such as those where partially open drains exist, especially in an urban environment. (3 pages)
{"title":"Measured radio wave behavior of a partially open drain in urban environment","authors":"Soo Yong Lim, Chuan-Chin Pu, Yi Hong Liew","doi":"10.1049/cp.2012.2074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.2074","url":null,"abstract":"This paper attempts to analyze the propagation characteristics of radio signal inside a partially open drain environment using an empirical approach. The proposed research topic concerns a unique situation in several Asian countries because the drainage systems in these countries differ notably from those in the US and Europe in that the former are partially open on the top while the latter are primarily below ground and covered. Measurement results are reported for one drain located on Sunway University campus at 2.4 and 5.8 GHz. The differences between the measurement results at the aforementioned two frequencies are discussed. These measurement results serve as a useful indicator as to how signal might behave differently in partially enclosed spaces, such as those where partially open drains exist, especially in an urban environment. (3 pages)","PeriodicalId":383835,"journal":{"name":"IET International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126055745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An energy-efficient data reporting approach in wireless sensor networks is for each sensor node to report only the selected sensed data to the base station, yet the base station can accurately reconstruct the important information later for decision making. Such a process is known as data abstraction and reformation (DAR). The efficiency of a DAR algorithm can then be defined as the accuracy of data reformation against the percentage of the abstracted data over the full data. This paper studies the zeroth-, first- and second-order DAR algorithms and compares their performances in terms of efficiency and other application-oriented requirements. (6 pages)
{"title":"Performance study of zeroth-, first- and second-order data abstraction and reformation algorithms for wireless sensor networks","authors":"Toni, H. Goh, S. Liew","doi":"10.1049/cp.2012.2091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.2091","url":null,"abstract":"An energy-efficient data reporting approach in wireless sensor networks is for each sensor node to report only the selected sensed data to the base station, yet the base station can accurately reconstruct the important information later for decision making. Such a process is known as data abstraction and reformation (DAR). The efficiency of a DAR algorithm can then be defined as the accuracy of data reformation against the percentage of the abstracted data over the full data. This paper studies the zeroth-, first- and second-order DAR algorithms and compares their performances in terms of efficiency and other application-oriented requirements. (6 pages)","PeriodicalId":383835,"journal":{"name":"IET International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126688548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new technology that can provide processed real-time field data from sensors physically distributed in the field. Based on investigation and applications in precision agriculture, a wireless agricultural and environmental sensing system for crop monitoring is presented in the paper. The setup of smart crop monitoring system is based on TinyOS while system test is implemented using real-time agricultural data and historical data. The results indicate that the application scenarios are correct and reasonable, which enables users precisely acquire information from environment. (5 pages)
{"title":"Precision agriculture monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks","authors":"Z. Liao, Sheng Dai, Chong Shen","doi":"10.1049/cp.2012.2107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.2107","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new technology that can provide processed real-time field data from sensors physically distributed in the field. Based on investigation and applications in precision agriculture, a wireless agricultural and environmental sensing system for crop monitoring is presented in the paper. The setup of smart crop monitoring system is based on TinyOS while system test is implemented using real-time agricultural data and historical data. The results indicate that the application scenarios are correct and reasonable, which enables users precisely acquire information from environment. (5 pages)","PeriodicalId":383835,"journal":{"name":"IET International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129093863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) which is capable of sensing, storing data, processing data and transmitting data has been widely applied in providing effective surveillance. Optimum sensor node placement in the surveillance area is needed since the number of sensor nodes that can be deployed are limited. The positions of sensor nodes must be able to provide maximum coverage with a longer lifetime. This paper describes an initial stage of an ongoing project. A Sensor node placement technique which is based on the minimax algorithm is proposed where surveillance locations will be monitored by the closest sensor nodes. Performance study has been carried out by evaluating the performance of the minimax scheme in terms of coverage ratio and uniformity. Uniformity is a performance metric that can be used to estimate WSN lifetime. Simulation results show that WSN with higher sensor nodes will provide a higher coverage ratio and more uniformly distributed sensor nodes. (5 pages)
{"title":"Provisioning WSN Coverage via minimax based sensor node placement scheme","authors":"H. Z. Abidin, N. M. Din","doi":"10.1049/cp.2012.2094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.2094","url":null,"abstract":"Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) which is capable of sensing, storing data, processing data and transmitting data has been widely applied in providing effective surveillance. Optimum sensor node placement in the surveillance area is needed since the number of sensor nodes that can be deployed are limited. The positions of sensor nodes must be able to provide maximum coverage with a longer lifetime. This paper describes an initial stage of an ongoing project. A Sensor node placement technique which is based on the minimax algorithm is proposed where surveillance locations will be monitored by the closest sensor nodes. Performance study has been carried out by evaluating the performance of the minimax scheme in terms of coverage ratio and uniformity. Uniformity is a performance metric that can be used to estimate WSN lifetime. Simulation results show that WSN with higher sensor nodes will provide a higher coverage ratio and more uniformly distributed sensor nodes. (5 pages)","PeriodicalId":383835,"journal":{"name":"IET International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126541850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Providing that licensed or Primary Users (PUs) are oblivious to the presence of unlicensed or Secondary Users (SUs), Cognitive Radio (CR) enables the SUs to use underutilized licensed spectrum (or white spaces) opportunistically and temporarily. A centralized CR system is an architectural model for a wide range of applications for example wireless medical telemetry service and medical implant communications service. As an enabling technology for white space exploitation, context awareness and intelligence (or cognition cycle, CC) remains the key characteristics of CR for using the underutilized licensed spectrum in an efficient manner. In this paper, we provide investigation into the application of a stateful Reinforcement Learning (RL) approach, to realize the conceptual CC in centralized static and mobile networks in the presence of many PUs. We investigate the use of RL with respect to Dynamic Channel Selection (DCS) that helps the SU Base Station (BS) to select channels adaptively for data transmission between different SU hosts. The purpose is to enhance the Quality of Service (QoS), particularly to maximise throughput and reduce delay by means of minimizing the number of channel switches. Simulation results reveal that RL achieves good performance and that the learning and exploration characteristics should converge to a low value to optimise performance. (6 pages)
{"title":"Reinforcement learning approach for centralized Cognitive Radio systems","authors":"K. Yau","doi":"10.1049/cp.2012.2076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.2076","url":null,"abstract":"Providing that licensed or Primary Users (PUs) are oblivious to the presence of unlicensed or Secondary Users (SUs), Cognitive Radio (CR) enables the SUs to use underutilized licensed spectrum (or white spaces) opportunistically and temporarily. A centralized CR system is an architectural model for a wide range of applications for example wireless medical telemetry service and medical implant communications service. As an enabling technology for white space exploitation, context awareness and intelligence (or cognition cycle, CC) remains the key characteristics of CR for using the underutilized licensed spectrum in an efficient manner. In this paper, we provide investigation into the application of a stateful Reinforcement Learning (RL) approach, to realize the conceptual CC in centralized static and mobile networks in the presence of many PUs. We investigate the use of RL with respect to Dynamic Channel Selection (DCS) that helps the SU Base Station (BS) to select channels adaptively for data transmission between different SU hosts. The purpose is to enhance the Quality of Service (QoS), particularly to maximise throughput and reduce delay by means of minimizing the number of channel switches. Simulation results reveal that RL achieves good performance and that the learning and exploration characteristics should converge to a low value to optimise performance. (6 pages)","PeriodicalId":383835,"journal":{"name":"IET International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131600545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the rapid expansion of network application over the Internet, the deployment of live streaming systems become more and more popular, significantly enhancing the user experience. As the numbers of users are expanding significantly, the traditional Client-Server architecture can't afford the number of growing users. Therefore the video quality of service and network scalability is become so deprived. Based on the demand of users and drawbacks of client-server architecture, institutes and researchers have provided effective solutions to contrive new application systems called Content Delivery Network (CDN) and Peerto-Peer (P2P) network. Recently, researchers have proposed a hybrid approach that amalgamates both CDN and P2P was proposed in the literature. The goal of this paper is to simulate and investigate the performance of hybrid CDN and P2P on live-casting video distribution, and contrast it against our propounded hybrid CDN and P2P with hierarchical arrangement called Dynamic Mobile Server (DMS), in terms of average frame loss ratio, packet loss ratio and peak signal noise ratio. (6 pages)
随着互联网上网络应用的迅速扩展，直播系统的部署越来越普及，极大地提升了用户体验。随着用户数量的显著增长，传统的Client-Server体系结构无法承受不断增长的用户数量。因此，视频服务的质量和网络的可扩展性就变得很差。基于用户的需求和客户端-服务器架构的缺陷，研究机构和研究人员提供了有效的解决方案来设计新的应用系统，称为内容分发网络(CDN)和点对点(P2P)网络。最近，研究人员在文献中提出了一种融合CDN和P2P的混合方法。本文的目标是模拟和研究混合CDN和P2P在直播视频分发中的性能，并将其与我们提出的具有分层结构的混合CDN和P2P动态移动服务器(Dynamic Mobile Server, DMS)在平均帧丢包率、丢包率和峰值信噪比方面进行比较。(6页)
{"title":"Performance analysis of video streaming on different hybrid CDN & P2P infrastructure","authors":"M. Hassan, K. Choong, C. Lee","doi":"10.1049/cp.2012.2087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.2087","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid expansion of network application over the Internet, the deployment of live streaming systems become more and more popular, significantly enhancing the user experience. As the numbers of users are expanding significantly, the traditional Client-Server architecture can't afford the number of growing users. Therefore the video quality of service and network scalability is become so deprived. Based on the demand of users and drawbacks of client-server architecture, institutes and researchers have provided effective solutions to contrive new application systems called Content Delivery Network (CDN) and Peerto-Peer (P2P) network. Recently, researchers have proposed a hybrid approach that amalgamates both CDN and P2P was proposed in the literature. The goal of this paper is to simulate and investigate the performance of hybrid CDN and P2P on live-casting video distribution, and contrast it against our propounded hybrid CDN and P2P with hierarchical arrangement called Dynamic Mobile Server (DMS), in terms of average frame loss ratio, packet loss ratio and peak signal noise ratio. (6 pages)","PeriodicalId":383835,"journal":{"name":"IET International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131218503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a framework based on cellular telephony technologies using the short message service (SMS) and wireless application protocol (WAP) to assist effectively in the remote monitoring and control of an enterprise computer network. The work proposes a network monitoring architecture integrated with WAP and SMS to support the connectivity between network and Internet/GSM networks. System functioning is based on three phases: computer network monitoring, failure notification and failure control. The availability of the monitoring system is enhanced by introducing a hot-standby monitoring station. The software for the network monitoring station is developed using JAVA 2 Standard Edition (J2SE). Network equipment is accessed and controlled by Wireless Markup Language (WML) and HTML which are deployed to provide a uniform interface to the network manager. (5 pages)
{"title":"A system for an enterprise remote network monitoring and fault management based on SMS and WAP","authors":"Mumtaz Al-Mukhtar, Sura Khalil","doi":"10.1049/cp.2012.2102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.2102","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a framework based on cellular telephony technologies using the short message service (SMS) and wireless application protocol (WAP) to assist effectively in the remote monitoring and control of an enterprise computer network. The work proposes a network monitoring architecture integrated with WAP and SMS to support the connectivity between network and Internet/GSM networks. System functioning is based on three phases: computer network monitoring, failure notification and failure control. The availability of the monitoring system is enhanced by introducing a hot-standby monitoring station. The software for the network monitoring station is developed using JAVA 2 Standard Edition (J2SE). Network equipment is accessed and controlled by Wireless Markup Language (WML) and HTML which are deployed to provide a uniform interface to the network manager. (5 pages)","PeriodicalId":383835,"journal":{"name":"IET International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133411113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents a novel technique to extract important road parametric values from a validated microscopic mobility model based on VanetMobiSim. The model simulates a 100 km2 urban road scenario taken from the area of Newcastle, Australia and measures various route parameters at different vehicle densities on the road. The mobility traces obtained from the model were analyzed in MATLAB to derive the road informatics such as route based speed, journey time, average waiting time and normalized traffic density at a particular intersection in an open loop manner. It is expected that the informatics will contribute to the development of various Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) applications such as motor or vehicular tailpipe emission modelling, minimizing traffic congestions including fuel consumption and intersection management. (5 pages)
{"title":"A novel vehicular mobility modelling technique for developing ITS applications","authors":"N. Nafi, J. Khan","doi":"10.1049/cp.2012.2090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.2090","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel technique to extract important road parametric values from a validated microscopic mobility model based on VanetMobiSim. The model simulates a 100 km2 urban road scenario taken from the area of Newcastle, Australia and measures various route parameters at different vehicle densities on the road. The mobility traces obtained from the model were analyzed in MATLAB to derive the road informatics such as route based speed, journey time, average waiting time and normalized traffic density at a particular intersection in an open loop manner. It is expected that the informatics will contribute to the development of various Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) applications such as motor or vehicular tailpipe emission modelling, minimizing traffic congestions including fuel consumption and intersection management. (5 pages)","PeriodicalId":383835,"journal":{"name":"IET International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123423315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper provides a review of the development of TV White Space (TVWS) worldwide starting from motivations and rationales behind the move towards shared spectrum access approach. Regulatory, trials and standardization efforts are also described to see how this technology evolves over time from concept to maturity. With certain level of maturity, various possible applications of TVWS are discussed to give readers some perspectives of the great potential of TVWS technology. The various TVWS related technologies are then discussed based on the current landscapes. This paves the way for us to identify the pending issues with TVWS where some solutions to move TVWS to the next level of maturity will be proposed. (5 pages)
{"title":"Invited paper the path of TV white space","authors":"S. W. Oh","doi":"10.1049/cp.2012.2070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.2070","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a review of the development of TV White Space (TVWS) worldwide starting from motivations and rationales behind the move towards shared spectrum access approach. Regulatory, trials and standardization efforts are also described to see how this technology evolves over time from concept to maturity. With certain level of maturity, various possible applications of TVWS are discussed to give readers some perspectives of the great potential of TVWS technology. The various TVWS related technologies are then discussed based on the current landscapes. This paves the way for us to identify the pending issues with TVWS where some solutions to move TVWS to the next level of maturity will be proposed. (5 pages)","PeriodicalId":383835,"journal":{"name":"IET International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130039427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of the research is to formalize an abstract architecture for the alternative data source that is meant to be used during system availability under intrusion threat. For this purpose, three possible designed semantics have been identify and considered. The security and performance parameters that are required to be exhibited by the alternative data source have been identified. Qualitative analysis is carried out in terms of the identified security and performance parameters, among the considered design semantics to select the potentially secure and suitable design semantic. The selected design semantic becomes the basis of formalizing an abstract architecture for the alternative data source during system availability under intrusion threat scenario. (6 pages)
{"title":"Formalizing an abstract architecture for the alternative data source utilized during system availability under intrusion threat","authors":"S. Safdar, M. Hassan, R. Akbar, M. Qureshi","doi":"10.1049/cp.2012.2114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/cp.2012.2114","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of the research is to formalize an abstract architecture for the alternative data source that is meant to be used during system availability under intrusion threat. For this purpose, three possible designed semantics have been identify and considered. The security and performance parameters that are required to be exhibited by the alternative data source have been identified. Qualitative analysis is carried out in terms of the identified security and performance parameters, among the considered design semantics to select the potentially secure and suitable design semantic. The selected design semantic becomes the basis of formalizing an abstract architecture for the alternative data source during system availability under intrusion threat scenario. (6 pages)","PeriodicalId":383835,"journal":{"name":"IET International Conference on Wireless Communications and Applications","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129192269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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