Pub Date : 2018-11-08DOI: 10.1108/S2040-726220180000020021
S. M. Norrulashikin, F. Yusof, Z. Yusop, I. Kane, Norizzati Salleh, Aaishah Radziah Jamaludin
Abstract There is evidence that a stationary short memory process that encounters occasional structural break can show the properties of long memory processes or persistence behaviour which may lead to extreme weather condition. In this chapter, we applied three techniques for testing the long memory for six daily rainfall datasets in Kelantan area. The results explained that all the datasets exhibit long memory. An empirical fluctuation process was employed to test for structural changes using the ordinary least square (OLS)-based cumulative sum (CUSUM) test. The result also shows that structural change was spotted in all datasets. A long memory testing was then engaged to the datasets that were subdivided into their respective break and the results displayed that the subseries follows the same pattern as the original series. Hence, this indicated that there exists a true long memory in the data generating process (DGP) although structural break occurs within the data series.
{"title":"Kelantan Daily Rainfall Datasets: Persistence in Nature","authors":"S. M. Norrulashikin, F. Yusof, Z. Yusop, I. Kane, Norizzati Salleh, Aaishah Radziah Jamaludin","doi":"10.1108/S2040-726220180000020021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-726220180000020021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000There is evidence that a stationary short memory process that encounters occasional structural break can show the properties of long memory processes or persistence behaviour which may lead to extreme weather condition. In this chapter, we applied three techniques for testing the long memory for six daily rainfall datasets in Kelantan area. The results explained that all the datasets exhibit long memory. An empirical fluctuation process was employed to test for structural changes using the ordinary least square (OLS)-based cumulative sum (CUSUM) test. The result also shows that structural change was spotted in all datasets. A long memory testing was then engaged to the datasets that were subdivided into their respective break and the results displayed that the subseries follows the same pattern as the original series. Hence, this indicated that there exists a true long memory in the data generating process (DGP) although structural break occurs within the data series.","PeriodicalId":383980,"journal":{"name":"Improving Flood Management, Prediction and Monitoring","volume":"19 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123236668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-08DOI: 10.1108/S2040-726220180000020015
Jun Xiu Low, P. Shek, M. Tahir
Composite slabs are gaining wide acceptance in many countries as they lend themselves to faster, lighter and more economic in construction buildings. The strength of composite slabs system relies on the bonding action between the concrete and the steel deck, the shear connections and the cross-sectional resistance of steel beam. However, structural behaviour of composite slab is a complex phenomenon and therefore experimental study is often conducted to establish the actual strength of the structure under ultimate load capacity. The main objective of this study is to determine the structural behaviour of composite slab system until ultimate limit state. Total of two specimens are examined in order to obtain failure mechanism of the composite structure under full load capacity. A new design approach of composite slab for roofing system are proposed in this study to construct a composite slab system that can float in the water but not wash away by flood. The lightweight materials in this composite construction are cold-formed steel and foam concrete. The system focuses on the concept of Industrialised building system (IBS) to reduce the cost and construction time.
{"title":"Experimental Investigation on Lightweight Composite Slab for Floating Structures","authors":"Jun Xiu Low, P. Shek, M. Tahir","doi":"10.1108/S2040-726220180000020015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-726220180000020015","url":null,"abstract":"Composite slabs are gaining wide acceptance in many countries as they lend themselves to faster, lighter and more economic in construction buildings. The strength of composite slabs system relies on the bonding action between the concrete and the steel deck, the shear connections and the cross-sectional resistance of steel beam. However, structural behaviour of composite slab is a complex phenomenon and therefore experimental study is often conducted to establish the actual strength of the structure under ultimate load capacity. The main objective of this study is to determine the structural behaviour of composite slab system until ultimate limit state. Total of two specimens are examined in order to obtain failure mechanism of the composite structure under full load capacity. A new design approach of composite slab for roofing system are proposed in this study to construct a composite slab system that can float in the water but not wash away by flood. The lightweight materials in this composite construction are cold-formed steel and foam concrete. The system focuses on the concept of Industrialised building system (IBS) to reduce the cost and construction time.","PeriodicalId":383980,"journal":{"name":"Improving Flood Management, Prediction and Monitoring","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129271550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-08DOI: 10.1108/S2040-726220180000020009
N. M. Idris, C. Siwar, Rospidah Ghazali, Nurul Ashikin Alias
Abstract This chapter explores the ways in which residents in Pekan, Kuantan and Temerloh districts dealt with extreme floods in the Pahang River Basin. The data were based on a survey of 602 respondents who were affected by the floods, using a set of questionnaire in a face-to-face interview conducted in June 2015. Results of the study show that the flood has destructed the livelihood, crops and small business activities of the affected communities. Vulnerabilities of the communities are linked to the lack of flood warning, landlessness, unstable housing and food insecurity, in addition to female-headed households with financial burden. Community empowerment is necessary for recovering and reducing the loss and damages incurred and improving the quality of life. The prevention and coping measures aim to reduce risk of disasters for the communities in areas that are most vulnerable and less resilient. Flood preparedness is a good preventive measure to limit the negative impacts of extreme flooding in the future. Upgrading of communication system, diversification of income and strengthening of social institution networks are most appropriately recommended for flood adaptation and mitigation strategies.
{"title":"Adaptation Strategies for Flood Mitigation in Pahang River Basin","authors":"N. M. Idris, C. Siwar, Rospidah Ghazali, Nurul Ashikin Alias","doi":"10.1108/S2040-726220180000020009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-726220180000020009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000This chapter explores the ways in which residents in Pekan, Kuantan and Temerloh districts dealt with extreme floods in the Pahang River Basin. The data were based on a survey of 602 respondents who were affected by the floods, using a set of questionnaire in a face-to-face interview conducted in June 2015. Results of the study show that the flood has destructed the livelihood, crops and small business activities of the affected communities. Vulnerabilities of the communities are linked to the lack of flood warning, landlessness, unstable housing and food insecurity, in addition to female-headed households with financial burden. Community empowerment is necessary for recovering and reducing the loss and damages incurred and improving the quality of life. The prevention and coping measures aim to reduce risk of disasters for the communities in areas that are most vulnerable and less resilient. Flood preparedness is a good preventive measure to limit the negative impacts of extreme flooding in the future. Upgrading of communication system, diversification of income and strengthening of social institution networks are most appropriately recommended for flood adaptation and mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":383980,"journal":{"name":"Improving Flood Management, Prediction and Monitoring","volume":"324 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133869235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-08DOI: 10.1108/S2040-726220180000020019
Nurul Iman Mohd Sa’at, S. Daud, T. Mantoro
Abstract The impact of mitigating flood occurrence in the rural and urban areas has become crucial as it has affected government policies for countries that are prone to flood disaster. Efforts and funds have been put up to a higher level of capabilities to ensure that coping and managing flood disaster could be resolved. Several initiatives made in managing flood are: effectively monitoring the potential at-risk inundated area, improving the river water irrigation and drainage and undertaking the environmental pollution. This chapter basically focusses more on the improvement of flood monitoring system device at the potential flood area. The approach of ubiquitous mobile SCADA offers a low-cost, portable, and small in size flood monitoring system device with easily accessible data. An easy web monitoring of environment surrounding anywhere and at any time offers a real-time data updated with a very minimum delay of each and every environment data required. There are several sensors like ultrasonic, sound, temperature and humidity, water drop and vibration sensors are equipped together with one small monitoring system platform. The alert of water level condition is notified through a beeping buzzer and light LED notation of various colors of green, yellow and red, which notify any increase of water exceeded. The platform is powered by a rechargeable battery that allows the platform to be mobile and portable. Hence, flood monitoring system platform promotes a low-cost, easy-to-handle and ubiquitous data updated device for a better monitoring system platform.
{"title":"Flood Monitoring System Using Mobile SCADA Based on Multiple Environment Indications","authors":"Nurul Iman Mohd Sa’at, S. Daud, T. Mantoro","doi":"10.1108/S2040-726220180000020019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-726220180000020019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000The impact of mitigating flood occurrence in the rural and urban areas has become crucial as it has affected government policies for countries that are prone to flood disaster. Efforts and funds have been put up to a higher level of capabilities to ensure that coping and managing flood disaster could be resolved. Several initiatives made in managing flood are: effectively monitoring the potential at-risk inundated area, improving the river water irrigation and drainage and undertaking the environmental pollution. This chapter basically focusses more on the improvement of flood monitoring system device at the potential flood area. The approach of ubiquitous mobile SCADA offers a low-cost, portable, and small in size flood monitoring system device with easily accessible data. An easy web monitoring of environment surrounding anywhere and at any time offers a real-time data updated with a very minimum delay of each and every environment data required. There are several sensors like ultrasonic, sound, temperature and humidity, water drop and vibration sensors are equipped together with one small monitoring system platform. The alert of water level condition is notified through a beeping buzzer and light LED notation of various colors of green, yellow and red, which notify any increase of water exceeded. The platform is powered by a rechargeable battery that allows the platform to be mobile and portable. Hence, flood monitoring system platform promotes a low-cost, easy-to-handle and ubiquitous data updated device for a better monitoring system platform.","PeriodicalId":383980,"journal":{"name":"Improving Flood Management, Prediction and Monitoring","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128402863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-08DOI: 10.1108/S2040-726220180000020018
Nurul Syarafina Shahrir, N. Ahmad, R. Ahmad, R. Dziyauddin
Natural flood disaster frequently happens in Malaysia especially during monsoon season and Kuala Kangsar, Perak is one of the cities with the frequent record of a natural flood disaster. Previous flood disaster faced by this city showed the failure in notify ing the citizen with sufficient time for preparation and evacuation. The authority in charge of the flood disaster in Kuala Kangsar depends on the real time monitoring from the hydrological sensor located at several stations along the main river. The real time information from hydrological sensor failed to provide early notification and warning to the public. Although many hydrological sensors available at the stations, only water level sensors and rainfall sensors are used by authority for flood monitoring. This study developed flood prediction model using artificial intelligent to predict the incoming flood in Kuala Kangsar area based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The flood prediction model is expected to predict the incoming flood disaster by using information from the variety of hydrological sensors. The study finds that the proposed ANN model based on Nonlinear Autoregressive Network with Exogenous Inputs (NARX) has better performance than other models with the correlation coefficient is equal to 0.98930. The NARX model of flood prediction developed in this study can be referred to future flood prediction model in Kuala Kangsar, Perak.
{"title":"Flood Disaster Prediction Model Based on Artificial Neural Network: A Case Study of Kuala Kangsar, Perak","authors":"Nurul Syarafina Shahrir, N. Ahmad, R. Ahmad, R. Dziyauddin","doi":"10.1108/S2040-726220180000020018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-726220180000020018","url":null,"abstract":"Natural flood disaster frequently happens in Malaysia especially during monsoon season and Kuala Kangsar, Perak is one of the cities with the frequent record of a natural flood disaster. Previous flood disaster faced by this city showed the failure in notify ing the citizen with sufficient time for preparation and evacuation. The authority in charge of the flood disaster in Kuala Kangsar depends on the real time monitoring from the hydrological sensor located at several stations along the main river. The real time information from hydrological sensor failed to provide early notification and warning to the public. Although many hydrological sensors available at the stations, only water level sensors and rainfall sensors are used by authority for flood monitoring. This study developed flood prediction model using artificial intelligent to predict the incoming flood in Kuala Kangsar area based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN). The flood prediction model is expected to predict the incoming flood disaster by using information from the variety of hydrological sensors. The study finds that the proposed ANN model based on Nonlinear Autoregressive Network with Exogenous Inputs (NARX) has better performance than other models with the correlation coefficient is equal to 0.98930. The NARX model of flood prediction developed in this study can be referred to future flood prediction model in Kuala Kangsar, Perak.","PeriodicalId":383980,"journal":{"name":"Improving Flood Management, Prediction and Monitoring","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122042857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-08DOI: 10.1108/S2040-726220180000020012
L. Ling, Z. Yusop
Abstract The US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Soil Conservation Services (SCS) rainfall-runoff model has been applied worldwide since 1954 and adopted by Malaysian government agencies. Malaysia does not have regional specific curve numbers (CN) available for the use in rainfall-runoff modelling, and therefore a SCS-CN practitioner has no option but to adopt its guideline and handbook values which are specific to the US region. The selection of CN to represent a watershed becomes subjective and even inconsistent to represent similar land cover area. In recent decades, hydrologists argue about the accuracy of the predicted runoff results from the model and challenge the validity of the key parameter, initial abstraction ratio coefficient (λ) and the use of CN. Unlike the conventional SCS-CN technique, the proposed calibration methodology in this chapter discarded the use of CN as input to the SCS model and derived statistically significant CN value of a specific region through rainfall-runoff events directly under the guide of inferential statistics. Between July and October of 2004, the derived λ was 0.015, while λ = 0.20 was rejected at alpha = 0.01 level at Melana watershed in Johor, Malaysia. Optimum CN of 88.9 was derived from the 99% confidence interval range from 87.4 to 96.6 at Melana watershed. Residual sum of square (RSS) was reduced by 79% while the runoff model of Nash–Sutcliffe was improved by 233%. The SCS rainfall-runoff model can be calibrated quickly to address urban runoff prediction challenge under rapid land use and land cover changes.
{"title":"Derivation of Region-specific Curve Number for an Improved Runoff Prediction Accuracy","authors":"L. Ling, Z. Yusop","doi":"10.1108/S2040-726220180000020012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-726220180000020012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000The US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Soil Conservation Services (SCS) rainfall-runoff model has been applied worldwide since 1954 and adopted by Malaysian government agencies. Malaysia does not have regional specific curve numbers (CN) available for the use in rainfall-runoff modelling, and therefore a SCS-CN practitioner has no option but to adopt its guideline and handbook values which are specific to the US region. The selection of CN to represent a watershed becomes subjective and even inconsistent to represent similar land cover area. In recent decades, hydrologists argue about the accuracy of the predicted runoff results from the model and challenge the validity of the key parameter, initial abstraction ratio coefficient (λ) and the use of CN. Unlike the conventional SCS-CN technique, the proposed calibration methodology in this chapter discarded the use of CN as input to the SCS model and derived statistically significant CN value of a specific region through rainfall-runoff events directly under the guide of inferential statistics. Between July and October of 2004, the derived λ was 0.015, while λ = 0.20 was rejected at alpha = 0.01 level at Melana watershed in Johor, Malaysia. Optimum CN of 88.9 was derived from the 99% confidence interval range from 87.4 to 96.6 at Melana watershed. Residual sum of square (RSS) was reduced by 79% while the runoff model of Nash–Sutcliffe was improved by 233%. The SCS rainfall-runoff model can be calibrated quickly to address urban runoff prediction challenge under rapid land use and land cover changes.","PeriodicalId":383980,"journal":{"name":"Improving Flood Management, Prediction and Monitoring","volume":"238 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123324255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-08DOI: 10.1108/S2040-726220180000020014
M. W. A. Ramli, N. Alias, S. Taib
Abstract Natural hazards cause enormous damage to human beings including loss of life and property. Although Malaysia is fortunate as it does not experience disasters such as volcanic eruptions and typhoons, the country is prone to flood and landslides. In December 2014, Malaysia was hit by the worst flood in Kelantan called Bah Kuning meaning yellow flood. The flood has caused thousands homeless. During the flood, the victims were evacuated to the nearest evacuation centres for shelter. However, the victims received little support due to agencies involved were unable to gain access. Lack of supporting transportation and infrastructure for disaster relief has caused deficiency in coordination. The evacuation preparedness for disaster management may be improved by integrating information through geographical information system (GIS). This research aims to assess and identify suitable locations for shelters and routes for disaster reliefs. The December 2014 flood was simulated using HEC-RAS and ArcGIS. Suitability analysis was used to determine best locations for helipads and routes based on the simulated inundated areas, roads, rivers and evacuations centres. The study also maps the best possible locations for evacuation centres and transportation modes for disaster reliefs.
{"title":"Evaluating Transportation Modes and Routes for Disaster Relief in Kelantan Using Geographical Information System","authors":"M. W. A. Ramli, N. Alias, S. Taib","doi":"10.1108/S2040-726220180000020014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-726220180000020014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000Natural hazards cause enormous damage to human beings including loss of life and property. Although Malaysia is fortunate as it does not experience disasters such as volcanic eruptions and typhoons, the country is prone to flood and landslides. In December 2014, Malaysia was hit by the worst flood in Kelantan called Bah Kuning meaning yellow flood. The flood has caused thousands homeless. During the flood, the victims were evacuated to the nearest evacuation centres for shelter. However, the victims received little support due to agencies involved were unable to gain access. Lack of supporting transportation and infrastructure for disaster relief has caused deficiency in coordination. The evacuation preparedness for disaster management may be improved by integrating information through geographical information system (GIS). This research aims to assess and identify suitable locations for shelters and routes for disaster reliefs. The December 2014 flood was simulated using HEC-RAS and ArcGIS. Suitability analysis was used to determine best locations for helipads and routes based on the simulated inundated areas, roads, rivers and evacuations centres. The study also maps the best possible locations for evacuation centres and transportation modes for disaster reliefs.","PeriodicalId":383980,"journal":{"name":"Improving Flood Management, Prediction and Monitoring","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120964096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-08DOI: 10.1108/S2040-726220180000020011
S. W. Puteh, C. Siwar, R. Hod, A. Nawi, Idayu Badilla Idris, I. Ahmad, N. M. Idris, Nurul Ashikin Alias, M. Taha
Abstract River flood exposes the population to multiple attacks from the physical, mental, health risks and its related negative effects. This study focused on the Pahang River and the three worst-hit district population (Pekan, Kuantan and Temerloh). Tools on areas of self-perceived health symptoms, QOL, depression, PTSD and community empowerment were assessed. Semi-guided questionnaires were distributed to a total of 602 victims. Questions on health symptoms were asked to respondents (R) and household members (HM). PTSD screening, i.e., the Trauma Screening Questionnaire, was used. Depression was assessed through the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). WHOQOL-BREF assessed four domains of QOL, i.e., physical activity, psychological, social relationships and environment. Community empowerment using the Individual Community Related Empowerment tool to assess five domains, i.e., self-efficacy, participation, motivation, intention and critical awareness. Prevalent disease showed that majority suffered from hypertension (11.0%) and diabetes (7.3%). Two main symptoms experienced were cough (R = 47.2%, HM = 43.7%) and flu (R = 42.7%, HM = 40.4). Monthly health expenditure was higher post flood. Purchase of prescription medications rose from MYR24.40 to 31.02. A total of 33 people were suspected to suffer from PTSD. Through BDI assessment, it was estimated that as many as 104 (17.3%) suffered overt (high) depression. The prevalence of QOL domains are as such: low physical activity was highest at 59%, low psychological activity at 53.3%, low social relationships at 43% and low environment at 45.2%. On community empowerment, low empowerment was seen on four domains: self-efficacy at 52%, participation at 55%, motivation at 54.2% and critical awareness at 74.4%. The domain with good intention and willing to participate was at 54%. Results indicate that the community was not adaptable to flood events. This is evident from high amount of experienced symptoms, low QOL (physical and psychological aspects) and empowerment (except intention). Proportion of PTSD and overt (high) depression was however quite low.
{"title":"Burden of Health-related Issues and Community Empowerment in Malaysia’s East Coast Flood","authors":"S. W. Puteh, C. Siwar, R. Hod, A. Nawi, Idayu Badilla Idris, I. Ahmad, N. M. Idris, Nurul Ashikin Alias, M. Taha","doi":"10.1108/S2040-726220180000020011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-726220180000020011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract \u0000River flood exposes the population to multiple attacks from the physical, mental, health risks and its related negative effects. This study focused on the Pahang River and the three worst-hit district population (Pekan, Kuantan and Temerloh). Tools on areas of self-perceived health symptoms, QOL, depression, PTSD and community empowerment were assessed. Semi-guided questionnaires were distributed to a total of 602 victims. Questions on health symptoms were asked to respondents (R) and household members (HM). PTSD screening, i.e., the Trauma Screening Questionnaire, was used. Depression was assessed through the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). WHOQOL-BREF assessed four domains of QOL, i.e., physical activity, psychological, social relationships and environment. Community empowerment using the Individual Community Related Empowerment tool to assess five domains, i.e., self-efficacy, participation, motivation, intention and critical awareness. Prevalent disease showed that majority suffered from hypertension (11.0%) and diabetes (7.3%). Two main symptoms experienced were cough (R = 47.2%, HM = 43.7%) and flu (R = 42.7%, HM = 40.4). Monthly health expenditure was higher post flood. Purchase of prescription medications rose from MYR24.40 to 31.02. A total of 33 people were suspected to suffer from PTSD. Through BDI assessment, it was estimated that as many as 104 (17.3%) suffered overt (high) depression. The prevalence of QOL domains are as such: low physical activity was highest at 59%, low psychological activity at 53.3%, low social relationships at 43% and low environment at 45.2%. On community empowerment, low empowerment was seen on four domains: self-efficacy at 52%, participation at 55%, motivation at 54.2% and critical awareness at 74.4%. The domain with good intention and willing to participate was at 54%. Results indicate that the community was not adaptable to flood events. This is evident from high amount of experienced symptoms, low QOL (physical and psychological aspects) and empowerment (except intention). Proportion of PTSD and overt (high) depression was however quite low.","PeriodicalId":383980,"journal":{"name":"Improving Flood Management, Prediction and Monitoring","volume":"352 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122038757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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