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Chinese foreign direct investment and economic growth in West Africa: evidence from pooled mean group model 中国对外直接投资与西非经济增长:来自混合平均群体模型的证据
Pub Date : 2018-06-13 DOI: 10.1145/3234781.3234791
Kankou Hadia Fofana, Enjun Xia, M. Traore
Over the last decade, diverse efforts have been deploy in place by various governments of the developing economies to attract more inward China FDI and accelerate its economic growth remains one of the most important issues in the economic debates. Many empirical works support the impact of Chinese FDI flows on economic growth, but some do not. West Africa, high poverty, non-existing markets, low savings and terrorism-torn economy and political crisis, countries may find in FDI an important and potential source of finances. Therefore, this paper is attempts to evaluate the long-run and short-run relationships between China FDI and economic growth of West Africa by using Pooled Mean Group (PMG) models over the period of 2003--2015. The Pooled Mean Group results provide strong evidence on the significantly positive effects of China FDI on West Africa's economic growth (real GDP per capita). However; the causality results suggest that China FDI hasn't causal effects on West Africa 'economic growth. This can be concluded that an additional investment for Chinese investor and technology transfer is sufficiently supported in West Africa.
在过去十年中,发展中经济体的各国政府采取了各种措施,以吸引更多的对华直接投资,并加速其经济增长,这仍然是经济辩论中最重要的问题之一。许多实证研究支持中国FDI流动对经济增长的影响,但也有一些不支持。在西非,高度贫困、不存在市场、低储蓄以及受恐怖主义影响的经济和政治危机,各国可能会发现外国直接投资是一个重要和潜在的资金来源。因此,本文试图利用2003- 2015年期间的PMG (Pooled Mean Group)模型来评估中国FDI与西非经济增长之间的长期和短期关系。集合均值组的结果有力地证明了中国FDI对西非经济增长(实际人均GDP)的显著积极影响。然而;因果关系结果表明,中国对外直接投资对西非经济增长没有因果效应。这可以得出结论,中国投资者的额外投资和技术转让在西非得到了充分的支持。
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引用次数: 0
Corruption in the customs service 海关部门的腐败
Pub Date : 2018-06-13 DOI: 10.1145/3234781.3234786
Tigran Badalyan, Yao Zhong, Muhammad Sami uz Zaman, M. Badalyan
Economic well-being of any country is one of the main foundations of any developing or developed nation. The openness to trade with other nations plays a very significant role in strengthening the economy of a country. This happens through two-way flow of resources to augment or complement each other's basic needs. It can also be an exchange of everyday use items in case of surplus production. In the majority of the countries, this exchange / entry and exit of goods are handled by the Customs departments of those countries. This work is intended to take a detailed look at a fundamental trade issue faced by the trade community: corruption in the customs departments at national and international levels. This study aims to describe the specifics of corruption in the customs service; helps justify the theoretical and practical importance of the issue under study. A study of prevailing anti-corruption measures being taken and their effectiveness assessment is carried out. The study also includes the main models of assessment of corruption in customs. In the end, conclusions are drawn based on the comparative literature study and recommendations are made.
任何国家的经济福利都是任何发展中国家或发达国家的主要基础之一。开放与其他国家的贸易对加强一个国家的经济起着非常重要的作用。这是通过资源的双向流动来实现的,以增加或补充彼此的基本需求。在生产过剩的情况下,它也可以作为日常用品的交换。在大多数国家,这种交换/进出货物是由这些国家的海关部门处理的。这项工作的目的是详细研究贸易界面临的一个基本贸易问题:国家和国际一级海关部门的腐败。本研究旨在描述海关服务中腐败的具体情况;有助于证明所研究问题的理论和实践重要性。就现行的反贪措施进行研究,并评估其成效。该研究还包括评估海关腐败的主要模型。最后,在比较文献研究的基础上得出结论并提出建议。
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引用次数: 0
Detecting spamming reviews using long short-term memory recurrent neural network framework 利用长短期记忆递归神经网络框架检测垃圾评论
Pub Date : 2018-06-13 DOI: 10.1145/3234781.3234794
Chih-Chien Wang, Min-Yuh Day, Chien-Chang Chen, Jia-Wei Liou
Some unethical companies may hire workers (fake review spammers) to write reviews to influence consumers' purchasing decisions. However, it is not easy for consumers to distinguish real reviews posted by ordinary users or fake reviews post by fake review spammers. In this current study, we attempt to use Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) framework to detect spammers. In the current, we used a real case of fake review in Taiwan, and compared the analytical results of the current study with results of previous literature. We found that the LSTM method was more effective than Support Vector Machine (SVM) for detecting fake reviews. We concluded that deep learning could be use to detect fake reviews.
一些不道德的公司可能会雇佣员工(虚假评论垃圾邮件发送者)撰写评论,以影响消费者的购买决定。然而,消费者很难区分普通用户发布的真实评论和虚假评论发送者发布的虚假评论。在本研究中,我们尝试使用长短期记忆(LSTM)递归神经网络(RNN)框架来检测垃圾邮件发送者。在本研究中,我们使用了一个真实的台湾虚假评论案例,并将本研究的分析结果与以往文献的结果进行了比较。我们发现LSTM方法在检测虚假评论方面比支持向量机(SVM)更有效。我们的结论是,深度学习可以用来检测虚假评论。
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引用次数: 26
Understanding Philippine national agency's commitment on data privacy act of 2012: a case study perspective 了解菲律宾国家机构对2012年数据隐私法的承诺:一个案例研究的视角
Pub Date : 2018-06-13 DOI: 10.1145/3234781.3234788
V. Pitogo, M. Ching
The Republic Act No. 10173 of the Philippines, also known as "Data Privacy Act of 2012" was established to protect and safeguard the personal data of its citizenry whether in public agencies or private entities, thereby creating the National Privacy Commission (NPC) in 2015, as an independent body mandated to administer the DPA of 2012, to monitor and ensure compliance to right to privacy and data protection. This qualitative research using case study technique aims to explore and explain why and how the National Commission on Indigenous Peoples will comply with R.A. 10173 as the subject of the study, and to determine the challenges and best practices encountered by NCIP relative to compliance. Using single case holistic design with common rationale, and pattern matching as an analytic technique as adapted in Robert Yin's methods and design this study resulted to: e-commerce act is a moderating factor in compliance with DPA 2012, and the determinants of compliance, such as general deterrence and legitimacy of regulations has a compelling casual effect on complying with the law. Further, challenges that encountered by the agency was also a factor in compliance with R.A. 10173 such as, (1) lack of awareness, (2) resource constraints, (3) organizational structure and (4) low priority agenda. It is further recommended to conduct a follow-up study once the recent ISSP is available, vis-à-vis to March 8, 2018 extended deadline.
菲律宾第10173号共和国法案,也被称为“2012年数据隐私法”,旨在保护和维护其公民的个人数据,无论是在公共机构还是私人实体中,因此在2015年成立了国家隐私委员会(NPC),作为一个独立机构,负责管理2012年的DPA,以监督和确保隐私权和数据保护的遵守。本定性研究采用案例研究技术,旨在探讨和解释作为研究主题的国家土著人民委员会为何以及如何遵守R.A. 10173,并确定国家土著人民委员会在遵守方面遇到的挑战和最佳实践。采用具有共同理论基础的单一案例整体设计,并采用Robert Yin的方法和设计中的模式匹配作为分析技术,本研究得出:电子商务行为是遵守DPA 2012的调节因素,而合规性的决定因素,如法规的一般威慑和合法性,对遵守法律具有令人信服的偶然影响。此外,该机构所遇到的挑战也是遵守r.a 10173的一个因素,例如:(1)缺乏认识,(2)资源限制,(3)组织结构和(4)低优先议程。进一步建议在最近的ISSP发布后进行后续研究,详见-à-vis,截止日期延长至2018年3月8日。
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引用次数: 3
Data privacy act of 2012 compliance performance of Philippine government agencies: a case study approach 2012年菲律宾政府机构数据隐私法合规表现:案例研究方法
Pub Date : 2018-06-13 DOI: 10.1145/3234781.3234784
M. Ching, Nelson J. Celis
After three months of the initial deadline of the National Privacy Commission (NPC), it is vital to know the status of compliance of the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and Commission on Elections (COMELEC), especially with the data breached that occurred last March 2016. This research study aims to uncover this and how CHED and COMELEC are applying R.A. 10173 to its business processes and strategies. It has been found out that both government agencies are Partially Compliant having its own challenges. It is prevalent in their latest Information Systems Strategic Plan (ISSP) how they incorporated data protection, data privacy, and information security in their Information Systems initiatives. Although, this will not stop here because they need to implement it and comply with the rest of the R.A. 10173 requirements in time for the next deadline, which is on March 8, 2018.
在国家隐私委员会(NPC)最初截止日期的三个月后,了解高等教育委员会(CHED)和选举委员会(COMELEC)的合规状况至关重要,特别是在2016年3月发生的数据泄露事件。本研究旨在揭示这一点,以及CHED和COMELEC如何将R.A. 10173应用于其业务流程和战略。已经发现,这两个政府机构都是部分合规的,有自己的挑战。在最新的资讯系统策略计划(ISSP)中,他们如何将资料保障、资料私隐及资讯保安纳入其资讯系统措施。尽管如此,这不会就此停止,因为他们需要在2018年3月8日的下一个截止日期前及时实施它并遵守R.A. 10173的其余要求。
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引用次数: 3
Philippine SUCs compliance performance on RA 10173: a case study on Bukidnon State University 菲律宾SUCs在RA 10173上的合规表现:以Bukidnon州立大学为例
Pub Date : 2018-06-13 DOI: 10.1145/3234781.3234790
Rozanne Tuesday G. Flores, M. Ching
The advancements in technologies have accelerated educational institutions by improving service delivery while reducing costs. As a result, it provided avenues of learning, the use of online discussions, Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) and mobile technologies, thus making data security vulnerable. With these, it is imperative that through the lens of R.A. 10173 and NPC's five pillars that data be protected by a policy that is sustained and executed effectively. This qualitative research using case study technique aimed to evaluate, explore and explain the level of compliance of Bukidnon State University (BukSU) with RA 10173. Likewise answering the research question how does PSUCs apply and integrate R.A. 10173 with its Information Systems and Business Processes? Using single case holistic design with common rationale, and pattern matching technique in interpreting the tabulated results. It was found out that BukSU, just like most government agencies in the Philippines, is qualitatively described as Partial Compliant. Furthermore, their compliance was due to moral suasion, where BukSU, considers it as its moral obligation to protect the students and its employees' data. An initiative from PASUC, to come up with a Data Privacy Manual that will serve as a model for all PSUC's in drafting their own manual, where BukSU practices can be aligned with that of PASUC. After the September 11, 2017, deadline, BukSU invested in a UTM Unified Threat Management with a three-year license to safeguard university data resources.
技术的进步通过改善服务提供,同时降低成本,加速了教育机构的发展。因此,它提供了学习途径、在线讨论的使用、虚拟学习环境(VLEs)和移动技术,从而使数据安全脆弱。有了这些,通过R.A. 10173和NPC的五大支柱,数据必须得到持续有效执行的政策保护。本定性研究采用案例研究技术,旨在评估、探索和解释BukSU大学对RA 10173的遵守程度。同样回答了psuc如何将R.A. 10173与其信息系统和业务流程应用和集成的研究问题?使用具有共同基本原理的单一案例整体设计,以及模式匹配技术来解释表格结果。据发现,北大就像菲律宾大多数政府机构一样,定性地被描述为部分合规。此外,北韩大学认为,保护学生和职员的个人信息是学校的道德义务,因此,他们的服从是出于道德上的劝说。PASUC的一项倡议,提出一份数据隐私手册,该手册将作为所有PSUC起草自己手册的模型,其中北大的做法可以与PASUC的做法保持一致。在2017年9月11日截止日期之后,北达科他州立大学投资了UTM统一威胁管理公司,并获得了为期三年的许可证,以保护大学数据资源。
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引用次数: 0
Compliance performance of a large local company to electronic commerce act of 2000 and data privacy act of 2012: a case study approach 一家大型本地公司对2000年《电子商务法》和2012年《数据隐私法》的合规表现:案例研究方法
Pub Date : 2018-06-13 DOI: 10.1145/3234781.3234793
Geraldine A. Tirante, M. Ching
Electronic commerce and data privacy have become a very important aspect of performing business in the Philippines. This research study aims to ascertain the compliance performance of a large local company to the Electronic Commerce Act of 2000 (R.A. 8792) and Data Privacy Act of 2012 (R.A. 10173). Through Outcome Pattern Matching, it has been determined that, though the company is fully compliant with the applicable sections of R.A. 8792, it is Partially Compliant (High) to R.A. 10173 with few challenge areas. Using Benchmarking Process, this research study also recommends factors that could improve the compliance performance of the company. The following dimensions should be considered: (1) spontaneous compliance, (2) control and (3) sanctions. Further, the company should take into account not just the legal aspects of the Republic Acts but also the value-based ethics and business case of compliance.
电子商务和数据隐私已成为在菲律宾开展业务的一个非常重要的方面。本研究旨在确定一家大型本地公司对2000年《电子商务法》(R.A. 8792)和2012年《数据隐私法》(R.A. 10173)的合规表现。通过结果模式匹配,已经确定,尽管该公司完全符合R.A. 8792的适用部分,但它部分符合R.A. 10173,几乎没有挑战领域。本研究亦运用对标流程,提出可改善公司合规绩效的因素。应考虑以下方面:(1)自发遵守,(2)控制和(3)制裁。此外,公司不仅应该考虑共和国法案的法律方面,还应该考虑基于价值的道德和合规的商业案例。
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引用次数: 0
RA 10173 and its challenges to Philippine state universities and colleges' compliance performance: the case of Mindanao State University - General Santos City RA 10173及其对菲律宾州立大学合规绩效的挑战:以棉兰老岛州立大学-桑托斯将军市为例
Pub Date : 2018-06-13 DOI: 10.1145/3234781.3234789
L. J. Doce, M. Ching
Data privacy has become a major concern in the Philippines owing to the promulgation of Republic Act No. 10173, otherwise known as the Data Privacy Act of 2012, duly enforced by the National Privacy Commission (NPC). This study seeks to determine the level of compliance of Mindanao State University- General Santos City (MSU-GSC) as well as understand the challenges it encounters in accordance with the Data Privacy Act. Using a qualitative single holistic case study design and pattern matching technique, this paper was able to uncover how and why SUCs can comply with the RA 10173 and can apply such law in their information systems and academic processes. It was found out that MSU-GSC is qualitatively described as partially compliant and it further supports deterrence and legitimacy as its determinants. The moderating effect of compliance with RA 8792 or E-Commerce Act of 2000 also significantly affects its abidance with Data Privacy Act as efforts are continuously directed towards automating university processes and transactions. Moreover, three factors were identified that contributes primarily on the challenges of its compliance namely lack of better understanding, budgetary issues and time constraints. The study contributes to the literature by providing inputs about SUCs' continuing efforts toward compliance with RA 10173. It is suggested NPC to diffuse responsibility to SUCs, so as compliance with data privacy act will weigh down less. Further, it is expected a greater appreciation of the law will fuel enthusiasm to overcome challenges of compliance.
由于国家隐私委员会(NPC)颁布了第10173号共和国法案(也称为2012年数据隐私法),数据隐私已成为菲律宾的一个主要问题。本研究旨在确定棉兰老岛州立大学桑托斯将军城分校(MSU-GSC)的合规水平,并了解其根据《数据隐私法》遇到的挑战。使用定性的单一整体案例研究设计和模式匹配技术,本文能够揭示suc如何以及为什么能够遵守RA 10173,并可以在其信息系统和学术过程中应用此类法律。人们发现,MSU-GSC定性地描述为部分合规,它进一步支持威慑和合法性作为其决定因素。遵守RA 8792或2000年电子商务法的调节作用也显著影响其遵守数据隐私法,因为大学不断努力实现流程和交易的自动化。此外,还确定了三个因素,即缺乏更好的了解、预算问题和时间限制,主要是造成遵守《公约》方面的挑战。该研究通过提供关于suc继续努力遵守RA 10173的输入,为文献做出了贡献。建议全国人大将责任分散给suc,这样遵守数据隐私法的压力就会小一些。此外,预计对法律的更大理解将激发人们克服合规挑战的热情。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic study on the impact of non-financial information quality on technological innovation in enterprises 非财务信息质量对企业技术创新影响的动态研究
Pub Date : 2018-06-13 DOI: 10.1145/3234781.3234795
Wang Fusheng, Han He
Non-financial information has gradually become an important basis for investors to understand the true value of the company. Technological innovation is a special kind of investment which can help companies to overcome the limitations of the law of marginal returns and break the stalemate in the production efficiency. By sorting out the economic consequences of non-financial information quality and the effect of technological innovation on research literature both at home and abroad, it has been found that few people have studied the relationship between the quality of non-financial information and the technological innovation of enterprises. The research on the relationship between the two helps to expand and deepen the research on the economic consequences of non-financial information which will help to enrich and develop the theory of economic growth.
非财务信息逐渐成为投资者了解公司真实价值的重要依据。技术创新是一种特殊的投资,它可以帮助企业克服边际收益规律的限制,打破生产效率的僵局。通过对非财务信息质量的经济后果和技术创新效应对国内外研究文献的梳理,发现很少有人研究非财务信息质量与企业技术创新之间的关系。对二者关系的研究有助于拓展和深化对非财务信息经济后果的研究,从而丰富和发展经济增长理论。
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引用次数: 0
An analysis of customer satisfaction towards online clothing shopping based on the social support theory 基于社会支持理论的网上服装购物顾客满意度分析
Pub Date : 2018-06-13 DOI: 10.1145/3234781.3234796
Pinghao Ye, Linxia Gao, Liqiong Liu, Quanjun Mei
Customer satisfaction (CS) is an essential factor determining the success of online clothing retailing. This document tries to analyze factors affecting CS towards online clothing shopping through a systematic study, in a bid to help online clothing retailers improve CS for higher sales. Based on the social support theory, we created a model of factors affecting CS towards online clothing shopping, and conducted a questionnaire survey to obtain customer feedback which was then analyzed through a structural equation model. The analysis results indicate that perceived convenience (PC), social relationship (SR), perceived value (PV), and information interaction (II) exerted favourable effects on CS towards online clothing shopping, and finally CS, as a mediating variable, affected customer loyalty (CL) and purchase intention (PI) positively.
顾客满意度是决定在线服装零售成功与否的重要因素。本文试图通过系统的研究,分析影响在线服装购物CS的因素,以期帮助在线服装零售商提高CS,提高销售额。基于社会支持理论,我们建立了CS对网上服装购物的影响因素模型,并通过问卷调查获得顾客反馈,然后通过结构方程模型进行分析。分析结果表明,感知便利度(PC)、社会关系(SR)、感知价值(PV)和信息互动(II)对在线服装购物顾客满意度产生有利影响,最后,顾客满意度作为中介变量对顾客忠诚度(CL)和购买意愿(PI)产生正向影响。
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引用次数: 0
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