Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.11588/IJODR.2021.2.80238
J. Norberto Pires, T. Paiva
In several large-scale studies, sex is related to the frequency of dream recall, on average, women tend to recall their dreams more often than men. Studies on EEG analysis and its correlation with dreams in women are scarce. We aimed to evaluate REM dreams´ recall frequency and content and their emotional characteristics in healthy young women. 20 young women adults’, nonclinical volunteers, without any history pf psychoactive medication and psychiatric disorders performed two consecutive nights of complete Video-Polysomnography recording. REM awakenings dreams were collected, after 10 consecutive minutes of uninterrupted REM. For every dream described, we applied the Hall and Van Castle method of quantitative and systematic dream content analysis and compared to published normative Hall and Van Castle data. The differences of this Portuguese women group and normative USA data obtained in female college students concern mostly dreaming about family, with dead and imaginary characters, while having increased rates of failure and striving. The cultural influences are a possible explanation.
{"title":"Dream recall frequency and content in women","authors":"J. Norberto Pires, T. Paiva","doi":"10.11588/IJODR.2021.2.80238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/IJODR.2021.2.80238","url":null,"abstract":"In several large-scale studies, sex is related to the frequency of dream recall, on average, women tend to recall their dreams more often than men. Studies on EEG analysis and its correlation with dreams in women are scarce. We aimed to evaluate REM dreams´ recall frequency and content and their emotional characteristics in healthy young women. 20 young women adults’, nonclinical volunteers, without any history pf psychoactive medication and psychiatric disorders performed two consecutive nights of complete Video-Polysomnography recording. REM awakenings dreams were collected, after 10 consecutive minutes of uninterrupted REM. For every dream described, we applied the Hall and Van Castle method of quantitative and systematic dream content analysis and compared to published normative Hall and Van Castle data. The differences of this Portuguese women group and normative USA data obtained in female college students concern mostly dreaming about family, with dead and imaginary characters, while having increased rates of failure and striving. The cultural influences are a possible explanation.","PeriodicalId":38642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dream Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"266-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49217386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-31DOI: 10.11588/IJODR.2021.2.78242
U. Barcaro
The biblical narration of Jacob’s dream is analyzed in the light of current significant issues of dream research, specifically: the usefulness of historical data for the study of dreaming; the continuity theory; the phenomenological relationship between the dream experience and its sources; the relationship between music and dreaming; the latent role of archetypes in the construction of dreams; the significance of dreams for the cognitive study of religions; and the multiple levels of analysis of historically important dreams. Dream-evocative features in the biblical narration are also described, which are given by word-root recurrences and by the use of a “hapax legomenon” to indicate Jacob’s vision. This analysis based on current dream research provides insights into Jacob’s dream. In addition, Jacob’s dream in itself is useful for dream research, because it highlights basic universal aspects of the dreaming experience.
{"title":"Jacob's dream: Useful for, and enlightened by, current dream research","authors":"U. Barcaro","doi":"10.11588/IJODR.2021.2.78242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/IJODR.2021.2.78242","url":null,"abstract":"The biblical narration of Jacob’s dream is analyzed in the light of current significant issues of dream research, specifically: the usefulness of historical data for the study of dreaming; the continuity theory; the phenomenological relationship between the dream experience and its sources; the relationship between music and dreaming; the latent role of archetypes in the construction of dreams; the significance of dreams for the cognitive study of religions; and the multiple levels of analysis of historically important dreams. Dream-evocative features in the biblical narration are also described, which are given by word-root recurrences and by the use of a “hapax legomenon” to indicate Jacob’s vision. This analysis based on current dream research provides insights into Jacob’s dream. In addition, Jacob’s dream in itself is useful for dream research, because it highlights basic universal aspects of the dreaming experience.","PeriodicalId":38642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dream Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"232-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41361839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-21DOI: 10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.74960
Urwah Ali, T. Rehna, Subaita Zubair
Most bereaved individuals encounter vivid and profoundly meaningful dreams highlighting the presence of the deceased who can embody and influence the grieving process. In eastern society especially in Pakistan, psychological literature on dreams during grief has been generally ignored. The current study aimed to investigate the presence of recurring themes in the dreams that embodied the deceased child as a character. Semi-structured interviews were held with 4 bereaved couples in Pakistan. Their age ranges from 24 to 48 years. Causes of death include accident, homicide, illness, and suicide. Each of the respondents stated their dreams that occurred following the death of their loved one and volunteered to share it with the researcher. Thematic Analysis (TA) was used to identify and describe meaningful patterns from the interview transcripts. Considering the lack of research into this topic, the aim was to look for pragmatic perceptions. Keywords: dreams, grieved parents, deceased child, dream analysis, thematic analysis
{"title":"Wish I could see you without closing my eyes: Thematic Analysis of dream content of grieved parents with the perspective of religious, cultural and psychological dimension","authors":"Urwah Ali, T. Rehna, Subaita Zubair","doi":"10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.74960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.74960","url":null,"abstract":"Most bereaved individuals encounter vivid and profoundly meaningful dreams highlighting the presence of the deceased who can embody and influence the grieving process. In eastern society especially in Pakistan, psychological literature on dreams during grief has been generally ignored. The current study aimed to investigate the presence of recurring themes in the dreams that embodied the deceased child as a character. Semi-structured interviews were held with 4 bereaved couples in Pakistan. Their age ranges from 24 to 48 years. Causes of death include accident, homicide, illness, and suicide. Each of the respondents stated their dreams that occurred following the death of their loved one and volunteered to share it with the researcher. Thematic Analysis (TA) was used to identify and describe meaningful patterns from the interview transcripts. Considering the lack of research into this topic, the aim was to look for pragmatic perceptions. \u0000Keywords: dreams, grieved parents, deceased child, dream analysis, thematic analysis","PeriodicalId":38642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dream Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"36-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46171473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-19DOI: 10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.77853
I. Poschmann, Sabina Palic-Kapic, Hinuga Sandahl, Peter Berliner, J. Carlsson
Psychotherapy for nightmares and sleep disturbances in refugees suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an unexamined area. This case study examines efficacy, acceptability, and patient experiences with Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT) in 8 refugees with Middle Eastern background and PTSD-related nightmares. The aims of the study were to examine: A. if changes before and after IRT can be detected on measures of sleep quality, PTSD, level of functioning, and quality of life, B. if IRT is acceptable to refugees with PTSD-related nightmares, and C. patients’ individual and shared experiences through the three stages of IRT including changes in nightmare frequency on a sleep log. Qualitative (open questions) and quantitative methods (sleep-log, structured measures, drop-out, cancellation-, and no-show rates) were applied in order to create a thick description of the patients’ experiences throughout their IRT treatment process. Despite relatively high drop-out, cancellations and no-show rates; findings indicate that IRT is acceptable for the patients included in this study. Furthermore, a reduction in nightmare frequency, improvement in sleep quality and daytime functioning was indicated for most patients. IRT seems to be a good non-trauma-focused alternative to trauma-focused therapy for trauma-affected refugees and might also be used as an add on to standard trauma-focused treatment.
{"title":"Imagery Rehearsal Therapy for trauma-affected refugees – A case series","authors":"I. Poschmann, Sabina Palic-Kapic, Hinuga Sandahl, Peter Berliner, J. Carlsson","doi":"10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.77853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.77853","url":null,"abstract":"Psychotherapy for nightmares and sleep disturbances in refugees suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an unexamined area. This case study examines efficacy, acceptability, and patient experiences with Imagery Rehearsal Therapy (IRT) in 8 refugees with Middle Eastern background and PTSD-related nightmares. The aims of the study were to examine: A. if changes before and after IRT can be detected on measures of sleep quality, PTSD, level of functioning, and quality of life, B. if IRT is acceptable to refugees with PTSD-related nightmares, and C. patients’ individual and shared experiences through the three stages of IRT including changes in nightmare frequency on a sleep log. Qualitative (open questions) and quantitative methods (sleep-log, structured measures, drop-out, cancellation-, and no-show rates) were applied in order to create a thick description of the patients’ experiences throughout their IRT treatment process. Despite relatively high drop-out, cancellations and no-show rates; findings indicate that IRT is acceptable for the patients included in this study. Furthermore, a reduction in nightmare frequency, improvement in sleep quality and daytime functioning was indicated for most patients. IRT seems to be a good non-trauma-focused alternative to trauma-focused therapy for trauma-affected refugees and might also be used as an add on to standard trauma-focused treatment.","PeriodicalId":38642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dream Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"121-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43500755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-15DOI: 10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.75313
S. Penubarthi, K. Kumar, S. Kailash, Sabari Sridhar Ot
Early response to treatment in depressive disorder is a predictor for duration of illness, full response and remission. Dream anxiety is a common complaint about which patient is distressed and reports to the clinician frequently. There are no studies assessing the relationship between dream anxiety and early response to treatment. The aim was to assess whether change in dream anxiety levels was related to early response to treatment in patients with depressive disorder. 106 patients with depressive disorder were assessed using HAM-D, Van dream anxiety scale at baseline and at follow-up after 1 week. Patients’ adherence to treatment was evaluated by Morisky medication adherence scale-4 and those with high adherence were included for further assessment at follow-up. 41.5% of the study population had early response to treatment. There was 24.7% reduction in the dream anxiety levels after treatment. Improvement in dream anxiety scores (OR = 1.321, 95% CI = 1.079 - 1.618, p-value = 0.007) was significantly associated with early response to treatment. The improvement in dream anxiety was associated with early response to treatment in depressed individuals. Clinical assessment of change in dream anxiety levels could indicate to the early response to treatment, thereby helping in planning the management strategies.
{"title":"Dream anxiety and early response to treatment in depressive disorder: A prospective analytical study","authors":"S. Penubarthi, K. Kumar, S. Kailash, Sabari Sridhar Ot","doi":"10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.75313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.75313","url":null,"abstract":"Early response to treatment in depressive disorder is a predictor for duration of illness, full response and remission. Dream anxiety is a common complaint about which patient is distressed and reports to the clinician frequently. There are no studies assessing the relationship between dream anxiety and early response to treatment. The aim was to assess whether change in dream anxiety levels was related to early response to treatment in patients with depressive disorder. 106 patients with depressive disorder were assessed using HAM-D, Van dream anxiety scale at baseline and at follow-up after 1 week. Patients’ adherence to treatment was evaluated by Morisky medication adherence scale-4 and those with high adherence were included for further assessment at follow-up. 41.5% of the study population had early response to treatment. There was 24.7% reduction in the dream anxiety levels after treatment. Improvement in dream anxiety scores (OR = 1.321, 95% CI = 1.079 - 1.618, p-value = 0.007) was significantly associated with early response to treatment. The improvement in dream anxiety was associated with early response to treatment in depressed individuals. Clinical assessment of change in dream anxiety levels could indicate to the early response to treatment, thereby helping in planning the management strategies.","PeriodicalId":38642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dream Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"47-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43189646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-15DOI: 10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.79343
Kurt Forrer
Skill can build a bridge to Heaven’s Gate, but Art alone unlocks it! This is not to downgrade skill, but to put it in its rightful place. Skill is one of the three pillars of art: Head, Hand and Heart. Yet more precisely, skill is a combination of the two pillars of Head and Hand. It’s not until an IDEA comes to the head that art begins, or more accurately, that the process of art makes itself apparent. But where do ideas come from? Not a question over which the artist generally loses any sleep. Yet occasionally he or she will acknowledge that it came in the middle of the night, which might lead us to surmise that it was spawned by a DREAM. It would certainly seem to be a most natural inference, especially since waking up at that time of the night with an idea that promised to catapult us into a fresh phase of creativity, could only have stemmed from a dream that was intimately bound up with what was in the head of the dreamer upon waking. My own research certainly confirms this and more. By this I mean that it isn’t just inspiration that’s dream-based, but life in general. Indeed, since life is transitory like a dream it must be seen as a form of dreaming and thus as comparatively illusive. What on the other hand is constant and real is consciousness. It is not only real and constant, but in fact the sine qua non of existence. Thus, being the ground of existence, it must also be the creative force that brings about the spectacle of the world; and since the artists are an intrinsic part of the world dream, they must be an intrinsic part of its creative impulse. In this light, artists are no longer independent creators of arbitrary works, but an interdependent channel of the creative impulse of consciousness. What is readily forgotten about this creative impulse is the fact that what it manifests is not a permanent entity, but like the dream, a transitory product. In other words, the emanations of consciousness are constantly reabsorbed into Absolute Consciousness, the matrix of existence. This process is intrinsic to the character of creativity whether it be that of the world dream or of the individual artist. In short, this innate principle of manifestation and reabsorption makes the work of the individual artists to a natural channel of reabsorption into the ground of existence with the result that not only the artists themselves are constantly drawn back to their origin, but also the ones that contemplate their work.
{"title":"Dreams and art: Dreams as the bedrock of art","authors":"Kurt Forrer","doi":"10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.79343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.79343","url":null,"abstract":"Skill can build a bridge to Heaven’s Gate, but Art alone unlocks it! This is not to downgrade skill, but to put it in its rightful place. Skill is one of the three pillars of art: Head, Hand and Heart. Yet more precisely, skill is a combination of the two pillars of Head and Hand. It’s not until an IDEA comes to the head that art begins, or more accurately, that the process of art makes itself apparent. But where do ideas come from? Not a question over which the artist generally loses any sleep. Yet occasionally he or she will acknowledge that it came in the middle of the night, which might lead us to surmise that it was spawned by a DREAM. It would certainly seem to be a most natural inference, especially since waking up at that time of the night with an idea that promised to catapult us into a fresh phase of creativity, could only have stemmed from a dream that was intimately bound up with what was in the head of the dreamer upon waking. My own research certainly confirms this and more. By this I mean that it isn’t just inspiration that’s dream-based, but life in general. Indeed, since life is transitory like a dream it must be seen as a form of dreaming and thus as comparatively illusive. What on the other hand is constant and real is consciousness. It is not only real and constant, but in fact the sine qua non of existence. Thus, being the ground of existence, it must also be the creative force that brings about the spectacle of the world; and since the artists are an intrinsic part of the world dream, they must be an intrinsic part of its creative impulse. In this light, artists are no longer independent creators of arbitrary works, but an interdependent channel of the creative impulse of consciousness. What is readily forgotten about this creative impulse is the fact that what it manifests is not a permanent entity, but like the dream, a transitory product. In other words, the emanations of consciousness are constantly reabsorbed into Absolute Consciousness, the matrix of existence. This process is intrinsic to the character of creativity whether it be that of the world dream or of the individual artist. In short, this innate principle of manifestation and reabsorption makes the work of the individual artists to a natural channel of reabsorption into the ground of existence with the result that not only the artists themselves are constantly drawn back to their origin, but also the ones that contemplate their work.","PeriodicalId":38642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dream Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"174-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49336414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-15DOI: 10.11588/IJODR.0.0.75878
M. Schredl
Typical dream themes like falling, being chased, and being paralyzed are very common in many different cultures and time epochs and are, therefore, also termed universal. The present analyses included data from 4 independent, representative surveys carried out from 1956 to 2000 in Germany. Overall, 5941 participants reported as to whether they had falling dreams, dreams of being chased or being paralyzed. The most frequent topic was being paralyzed; about 26% of the sample reported this dream theme, followed by falling (18%), and being chased (12%). There were no differences between the studies and between age groups. Solely, a small but significant gender difference was found. The findings indicate the stability of these typical dreams, and future study should focus on their details, e.g., the chasing figures, as these might reflect cultural backgrounds. Moreover, it would be interesting to relate the occurrence of typical dream themes to waking-life emotions in order to test the idea that these dreams are metaphorical and dramatized expressions of emotions experienced in waking life.
{"title":"Typical dreams of falling, being chased, and being paralyzed in Germany from 1956 to 2000","authors":"M. Schredl","doi":"10.11588/IJODR.0.0.75878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/IJODR.0.0.75878","url":null,"abstract":"Typical dream themes like falling, being chased, and being paralyzed are very common in many different cultures and time epochs and are, therefore, also termed universal. The present analyses included data from 4 independent, representative surveys carried out from 1956 to 2000 in Germany. Overall, 5941 participants reported as to whether they had falling dreams, dreams of being chased or being paralyzed. The most frequent topic was being paralyzed; about 26% of the sample reported this dream theme, followed by falling (18%), and being chased (12%). There were no differences between the studies and between age groups. Solely, a small but significant gender difference was found. The findings indicate the stability of these typical dreams, and future study should focus on their details, e.g., the chasing figures, as these might reflect cultural backgrounds. Moreover, it would be interesting to relate the occurrence of typical dream themes to waking-life emotions in order to test the idea that these dreams are metaphorical and dramatized expressions of emotions experienced in waking life.","PeriodicalId":38642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dream Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"61-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41837628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-15DOI: 10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.73995
Kaitlyn E. Davis, Teresa L. Decicco
The purpose of the study was to identify how influential waking day stress, personality, and emotions can be on the frequency and distress of nightmares. It was hypothesized that higher ratings of waking day stress, neuroticism, and negative emotions would be associated with increased frequency and distress of nightmares. Participants included 52 individuals who filled out questionnaires such as the Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983) and the Big Five Inventory (John & Srivastava, 1999). The study found that waking day stress, neuroticism, and negative emotions were significantly positively correlated with nightmare distress. In contrast, extraversion was significantly negatively associated with nightmare frequency, whereas openness to experience had a significant positive correlation with nightmare frequency. This study used self-report data in order to understand which aspects of waking day life can have an impact on nightmare frequency and distress. Limitations and future directions are also addressed.
{"title":"An examination of waking day stress, personality and emotions in relation to the prediction of nightmare frequency and distress: A pilot study","authors":"Kaitlyn E. Davis, Teresa L. Decicco","doi":"10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.73995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.73995","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to identify how influential waking day stress, personality, and emotions can be on the frequency and distress of nightmares. It was hypothesized that higher ratings of waking day stress, neuroticism, and negative emotions would be associated with increased frequency and distress of nightmares. Participants included 52 individuals who filled out questionnaires such as the Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983) and the Big Five Inventory (John & Srivastava, 1999). The study found that waking day stress, neuroticism, and negative emotions were significantly positively correlated with nightmare distress. In contrast, extraversion was significantly negatively associated with nightmare frequency, whereas openness to experience had a significant positive correlation with nightmare frequency. This study used self-report data in order to understand which aspects of waking day life can have an impact on nightmare frequency and distress. Limitations and future directions are also addressed.","PeriodicalId":38642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dream Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"21-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44725182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-15DOI: 10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.78020
M. Schredl
The continuity hypothesis of dreaming postulates that dreams reflect waking life, e.g. preoccupations, experiences, thoughts; however, other topics like seasonal changes have been studied very rarely. A long dream series recorded between 1984 and 2015 (over 30 years) including 11,808 dreams showed that “cold” elements like snow, ice, and hail occurred less often over time and, thus, indicates that dreams might provide clues regarding global changes. Using modern tools for digital dream content analysis might enable researchers to validate this preliminary finding using other large data sets.
{"title":"Does global warming affect dream content? Analyzing a 30-yr. dream series","authors":"M. Schredl","doi":"10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.78020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.78020","url":null,"abstract":"The continuity hypothesis of dreaming postulates that dreams reflect waking life, e.g. preoccupations, experiences, thoughts; however, other topics like seasonal changes have been studied very rarely. A long dream series recorded between 1984 and 2015 (over 30 years) including 11,808 dreams showed that “cold” elements like snow, ice, and hail occurred less often over time and, thus, indicates that dreams might provide clues regarding global changes. Using modern tools for digital dream content analysis might enable researchers to validate this preliminary finding using other large data sets.","PeriodicalId":38642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dream Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"144-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45137030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-15DOI: 10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.71170
Michael Raduga
Most people experience lucid dreams (LDs), which are dreams in which the dreamer is conscious and able to perceive vivid perceptions. There are many ways to induce LDs, but their levels of efficiency are far from satisfactory. In this study, we analyze the efficiency of an LD method that was tested in commercial events with hundreds of groups over 12 years. The main feature of the method is that hypnopompic hallucinations are induced that allow an LD plot to start directly from the bedroom upon awakening, which makes the LD feel like an out-of-body experience. This method originated from the Tibetan dream yoga tradition and has been heavily modified according to a strict algorithm of specific actions. Data from 449 people, mostly newbies, who tried this method over the course of two nights indicated that 484 attempts were successful. This method might help ordinary LD enthusiasts to get efficient practice, as well as more research opportunities for studying lucid dreaming and the human brain.
{"title":"An effective lucid dreaming method by inducing hypnopompic hallucinations","authors":"Michael Raduga","doi":"10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.71170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11588/IJODR.2021.1.71170","url":null,"abstract":"Most people experience lucid dreams (LDs), which are dreams in which the dreamer is conscious and able to perceive vivid perceptions. There are many ways to induce LDs, but their levels of efficiency are far from satisfactory. In this study, we analyze the efficiency of an LD method that was tested in commercial events with hundreds of groups over 12 years. The main feature of the method is that hypnopompic hallucinations are induced that allow an LD plot to start directly from the bedroom upon awakening, which makes the LD feel like an out-of-body experience. This method originated from the Tibetan dream yoga tradition and has been heavily modified according to a strict algorithm of specific actions. Data from 449 people, mostly newbies, who tried this method over the course of two nights indicated that 484 attempts were successful. This method might help ordinary LD enthusiasts to get efficient practice, as well as more research opportunities for studying lucid dreaming and the human brain.","PeriodicalId":38642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Dream Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47401040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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