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Narrative in Buddhist Ethics 佛教伦理学中的叙事
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190907631.003.0005
J. Garfield
This chapter explores the central role of narratives in the articulation of Buddhist ethics. Discussion includes casuistic narratives, and the way that they aid in moral decision making, including providing rationales and examples, both clear cut and not, illuminating the impact of interconnected human relationships and circumstances, and creating greater psychological impact through analysis of specific cases. Also discussed are the way that stories yield moral insight through their focus on developing deeper ways of seeing. Several narratives are addressed in detail, including that of Kisagotami, Śāriputra and Maudgalyāyana, and a collection of stories from the Mahāvagga and the Avadānaśataka.
本章探讨了叙事在佛教伦理表达中的核心作用。讨论包括诡辩叙事,以及它们帮助道德决策的方式,包括提供基本原理和例子,无论是明确的还是不明确的,阐明相互关联的人际关系和环境的影响,并通过分析具体案例产生更大的心理影响。还讨论了故事如何通过发展更深层次的观察方式来产生道德洞察力。书中还详细介绍了木谷太米、Śāriputra和Maudgalyāyana的故事,以及Mahāvagga和Avadānaśataka的故事集。
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引用次数: 0
Agency and Moral Psychology 能动性与道德心理学
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190907631.003.0004
J. Garfield
This chapter articulates a view of Buddhist agency grounded in the theory of dependent origination. It addresses the Augustinian concepts of caused and uncaused actions. It argues that Buddhist conception of agency and moral evaluation are not grounded in this Western theory of freedom of the will, but of participation in a web of dependent origination, resulting in a deterministic action theory. The chapter explores the implications of this determinism, and the problems that arise from it. Also discussed is the distinction between the self and a person, the concept of twofold self-grasping and the duality it creates
本章阐述了基于缘起理论的佛教能动性观点。它解决了奥古斯丁的有因和无因行为的概念。它认为,佛教的能动性和道德评价的概念不是建立在西方的意志自由理论的基础上,而是建立在一个依赖起源的网络的参与基础上,从而产生了一种决定论的行动理论。本章探讨了这种决定论的含义,以及由此产生的问题。还讨论了自我与人的区别,双重自我的概念及其创造的二元性
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引用次数: 0
The Brahmavihāras and the Achievement of Nonegocentricity Brahmavihāras与非自我中心的实现
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-12-23 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780190907631.003.0009
J. Garfield
This chapter characterizes the four brahmavihāras, or divine states: friendliness, care, sympathetic joy, and impartiality. Also addressed are their relationship both to their antitheses and to their “near enemies,” or the states that are similar enough to masquerade as these virtuous ones, yet differ because they are egocentric, and thus become a vice. The chapter examines the question of why morality is rational, including discussions of this topic in both Western and Buddhist thought, and its connections to egoism, and argues that the four divine states, when considered together, can be understood to constitute an analysis of a non-egocentric ethical perspective.
这一章描述了四种brahmavihāras或神的状态:友善、关怀、同情的喜悦和公正。还讨论了它们与对立面和“近敌”的关系,或与伪装成这些美德的国家相似,但又因自我中心而不同的国家,因此成为一种恶习。本章探讨了道德为什么是理性的问题,包括在西方和佛教思想中对这一主题的讨论,以及它与利己主义的联系,并认为,当把四种神圣状态放在一起考虑时,可以被理解为构成对非自我中心伦理观点的分析。
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引用次数: 0
Animal use in biomedicine: an annotated bibliography of Buddhist and related perspectives. 生物医学中的动物使用:佛教和相关观点的注释参考书目。
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2002-01-01
Bill Slaughter
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引用次数: 0
Attitudes to euthanasia in the Vinaya and commentary. 戒律和注释中对安乐死的态度。
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 1999-01-01
D Keown

The prohibition on taking human life is one of the cornerstones of Buddhist ethics, but there is often confusion about the interpretation of this prohibition in different contexts. In his commentary on the third parajika in the Samantapasadika, Buddhaghosa sets out to clarify the legal provisions of the monastic precept against taking life. The root text and his comments on it are relevant to the contemporary debate on euthanasia, and this paper considers what light Buddhist jurisprudence can shed on this moral dilemma.

禁止杀生是佛教伦理的基石之一,但在不同的背景下,对这一禁令的解释常常令人困惑。佛高萨在对《三生藏经》中第三种藏经的注释中,阐明了反对杀生戒律的法律规定。原文及其评语与当代关于安乐死的争论有关,本文探讨了佛教法理学对这一道德困境的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Buddhism and the morality of abortion. 佛教和堕胎的道德。
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 1998-01-01
M G Barnhart
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引用次数: 0
Abortion in Thailand: a feminist perspective. 泰国的堕胎:一个女权主义者的视角。
Q3 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 1998-01-01
M Lerdmaleewong, C Francis

With the passing of the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing, China, women's issues in Asia have moved increasingly to the forefront. One such issue, abortion, continues to generate controversy as many women argue for protection and/or recognition of their reproductive rights. The objectives of this paper are threefold: (1) To examine the abortion debate in Thailand, identifying issues raised by Thai feminist scholars about the status of women; (2) To overview some of the more prominent feminist arguments regarding abortion (particularly those written by Canadian and American scholars) as a tool for defining women's reproductive rights; (3) To focus on a study of attitudes toward abortion among health care personnel and post-induced abortion patients in Bangkok, Thailand in order to discern the degree of support (if any) for feminist abortion arguments.

随着第四次世界妇女大会在中国北京召开,亚洲妇女问题日益成为人们关注的焦点。其中一个问题,堕胎,继续引起争议,因为许多妇女主张保护和/或承认她们的生殖权利。本文的目的有三个:(1)研究泰国的堕胎辩论,确定泰国女权主义学者提出的关于妇女地位的问题;(2)概述一些关于堕胎的较为突出的女权主义论点(特别是加拿大和美国学者所写的论点),将其作为界定妇女生殖权利的工具;(3)重点研究泰国曼谷地区医护人员和人工流产后患者对堕胎的态度,以了解女性主义堕胎观点的支持程度(如果有的话)。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Buddhist Ethics
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