The constructed infrastructure that has made cities more livable to their human inhabitants not always has benefited the overall ecosystems, which has leading to some fragile land covers being the most affected (i.e., grasslands, wetlands, etc.). In this article, it is analyzed the relationship between the natural landscape and the highway “Ruta del Canal Pargua” in Puerto Montt, Chile. A comparison was performed/implemented based on a Land Use Land Cover Change (LULCC) analysis from a year before the construction of the highway (2012) to the most updated available image (2021). Three field spots were selected to observe the wetland’s landscape visual qualities, landscape natural features, and road management (2022). The results showed that anthropic interventions have been continuing to transform the natural features of wetland’s landscape, especially the native roadside vegetation, and noise pollution.This change was promoted by the lack of management of the highway inits surroundings, and, by the intrusive LULCC. This paper also discussesthe persistent lack of ecological management for highways in southernChile and sparks the conversation about the necessity to include anecological perspective in road infrastructure design in Chile that couldbe replicated in Latin America.
建设的基础设施使城市更适合人类居住，但并不总是使整体生态系统受益，这导致一些脆弱的土地覆盖受到的影响最大(即草原、湿地等)。本文分析了智利蒙特港的自然景观与公路Ruta del Canal Pargua之间的关系。基于土地利用土地覆盖变化(LULCC)分析，从高速公路建设前一年(2012年)到最新可用图像(2021年)进行了比较。选择3个实地点，观察湿地景观视觉质量、景观自然特征和道路管理(2022)。结果表明，人为干预持续改变湿地景观的自然特征，特别是原生路边植被和噪音污染。这种变化是由于公路周边缺乏管理，以及侵入性的LULCC。本文还讨论了智利南部公路生态管理的持续缺乏，并引发了关于在智利道路基础设施设计中纳入生态视角的必要性的讨论，这可以在拉丁美洲复制。
{"title":"Assessment of Landscape Changes caused by Highway Construction: Case Study of Ruta del Canal Pargua Highway in Chile","authors":"Carolina Ojeda Leal","doi":"10.3097/lo.2023.1113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.2023.1113","url":null,"abstract":"The constructed infrastructure that has made cities more livable to their human inhabitants not always has benefited the overall ecosystems, which has leading to some fragile land covers being the most affected (i.e., grasslands, wetlands, etc.). In this article, it is analyzed the relationship between the natural landscape and the highway “Ruta del Canal Pargua” in Puerto Montt, Chile. A comparison was performed/implemented based on a Land Use Land Cover Change (LULCC) analysis from a year before the construction of the highway (2012) to the most updated available image (2021). Three field spots were selected to observe the wetland’s landscape visual qualities, landscape natural features, and road management (2022). The results showed that anthropic interventions have been continuing to transform the natural features of wetland’s landscape, especially the native roadside vegetation, and noise pollution.This change was promoted by the lack of management of the highway inits surroundings, and, by the intrusive LULCC. This paper also discussesthe persistent lack of ecological management for highways in southernChile and sparks the conversation about the necessity to include anecological perspective in road infrastructure design in Chile that couldbe replicated in Latin America.","PeriodicalId":38803,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Online","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tinka K. Kuhn, Jennifer Trentlage, Benjamin Burkhard
Marine ecosystems are highly dynamic and complex and contribute immensely to human well-being. Spatiotemporal overlaps of marine uses and human activities are constantly pressuring ecosystems, and that in turn impacts the supply quantity and quality of various ecosystem services (ES). This study is the first attempt to use the ES matrix to link marine uses and the capacity to supply ES. Combining expert- and literature-based evaluations, we assessed the relationships of twelve marine uses and five selected ecosystem services in the German North and Baltic Sea and mapped their spatial distribution. Despite a limited data availability and a higher need for simplification, the matrix approach proved to be applicable for the marine realm. Areas used for tourism and those that provide coastal safeguarding show high values of ES supply in comparison to areas used for sediment extraction and areas previously used as ammunition dumping areas. Nature conservation areas tend to have the highest capacity to supply ES. Differences in the ES supply pattern between the North Sea and Baltic Sea were identified. The results show the influence of anthropogenic activities on the spatial distribution of ES supply and can support future marine planning.
{"title":"Matrix-based assessment of spatial correlations between marine uses and ecosystem service supply in German marine areas","authors":"Tinka K. Kuhn, Jennifer Trentlage, Benjamin Burkhard","doi":"10.3097/lo.2023.1112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.2023.1112","url":null,"abstract":"Marine ecosystems are highly dynamic and complex and contribute immensely to human well-being. Spatiotemporal overlaps of marine uses and human activities are constantly pressuring ecosystems, and that in turn impacts the supply quantity and quality of various ecosystem services (ES). This study is the first attempt to use the ES matrix to link marine uses and the capacity to supply ES. Combining expert- and literature-based evaluations, we assessed the relationships of twelve marine uses and five selected ecosystem services in the German North and Baltic Sea and mapped their spatial distribution. Despite a limited data availability and a higher need for simplification, the matrix approach proved to be applicable for the marine realm. Areas used for tourism and those that provide coastal safeguarding show high values of ES supply in comparison to areas used for sediment extraction and areas previously used as ammunition dumping areas. Nature conservation areas tend to have the highest capacity to supply ES. Differences in the ES supply pattern between the North Sea and Baltic Sea were identified. The results show the influence of anthropogenic activities on the spatial distribution of ES supply and can support future marine planning. ","PeriodicalId":38803,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Online","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46354372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper considers how we can teach and learn about landscape in a virtual world in the post-COVID-19 period. The starting point for this research was the difficulties of teaching and learning about landscape during the pandemic, as at that time it was necessary to conduct education remotely. Online classes forced a reorientation of the hitherto widely used educational strategies and learning methods. This paper analyses students’ perceptions of remote education and reflects on the extent to which online learning can replace the real landscape. It involved bachelor’s and master’s students of Environmental Management at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan. These students participated in three landscape-oriented courses: ‘Development and Planning of Rural Areas’, ‘Cross-border Environmental Management’ and ‘Landscape Ecology’. Raw data was gathered using post-course surveys and both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used to analyse the data. The values that students gained from online learning of landscape were assessed, and concepts and teaching methods that might be useful in blended teaching and learning about landscape in the post-pandemic period were proposed.
{"title":"“Imagine the landscape”: Challenges of online teaching and learning about landscape during the COVID-19 pandemic – Lessons for the post-pandemic period","authors":"Iwona Markuszewska","doi":"10.3097/lo.2023.1111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.2023.1111","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers how we can teach and learn about landscape in a virtual world in the post-COVID-19 period. The starting point for this research was the difficulties of teaching and learning about landscape during the pandemic, as at that time it was necessary to conduct education remotely. Online classes forced a reorientation of the hitherto widely used educational strategies and learning methods. This paper analyses students’ perceptions of remote education and reflects on the extent to which online learning can replace the real landscape. It involved bachelor’s and master’s students of Environmental Management at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan. These students participated in three landscape-oriented courses: ‘Development and Planning of Rural Areas’, ‘Cross-border Environmental Management’ and ‘Landscape Ecology’. Raw data was gathered using post-course surveys and both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used to analyse the data. The values that students gained from online learning of landscape were assessed, and concepts and teaching methods that might be useful in blended teaching and learning about landscape in the post-pandemic period were proposed.","PeriodicalId":38803,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Online","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49128977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents a combination of landscape biography and stratigraphy as a method for the visualisation of historical landscape change. The main goal was to analyse the evolution of the cultural landscape of part of the Ogrodzieniec municipality – Podzamcze (Częstochowa Upland, Poland). The evolution of the landscape was reconstructed based on cartographic materials (topographic maps from the last 200 years) and scholarly literature. The results show the dominance of the agricultural landscape in all studied periods. The forest and settlement landscapes expanded significantly within the studied period. The fortified landscape is clearly visible as a core running through all the years. The results indicate changes of an evolutionary type and heterogenous (genetically), heterotonic (in terms of land cover) form. The method can be used in well-documented areas to visualise the past and contemporary landscapes and to forecast future ones, so it can be useful in landscape planning.
{"title":"How has the landscape changed? Landscape transformation analysis of Ogrodzieniec-Podzamcze (POLAND) using landgraphy and landscape stratigraphy methods.","authors":"Urszula Myga-Piątek, Anna Żemła-Siesicka","doi":"10.3097/lo.2023.1110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.2023.1110","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a combination of landscape biography and stratigraphy as a method for the visualisation of historical landscape change. The main goal was to analyse the evolution of the cultural landscape of part of the Ogrodzieniec municipality – Podzamcze (Częstochowa Upland, Poland). The evolution of the landscape was reconstructed based on cartographic materials (topographic maps from the last 200 years) and scholarly literature. The results show the dominance of the agricultural landscape in all studied periods. The forest and settlement landscapes expanded significantly within the studied period. The fortified landscape is clearly visible as a core running through all the years. The results indicate changes of an evolutionary type and heterogenous (genetically), heterotonic (in terms of land cover) form. The method can be used in well-documented areas to visualise the past and contemporary landscapes and to forecast future ones, so it can be useful in landscape planning.","PeriodicalId":38803,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Online","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42180633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Schirpke, M. Ebner, V. Fontana, Katharina Enigl, M. Ohndorf, H. Pritsch, R. Kurmayer
Small alpine lakes are highly sensitive to global warming and human influence, which can affect the ecological integrity of these freshwaters. However, the response of lakes is variable and knowledge about potential impacts on related ecosystem services is insufficient. The project CLAIMES (Climate response of alpine lakes: Resistance variability and management consequences for ecosystem services) therefore aimed at assessing potential impacts on ecosystem services for 15 study lakes located in Niedere Tauern (Austria) and South Tyrol (Italy). In a first step, the lakes’ ecological variability was characterized based on limnological data and lake surface temperature modelling. Adopting a participatory approach, the most important ecosystem services were identified, and their importance was evaluated by local stakeholders. The prioritized ecosystem services were quantified using multiple indicators, and potential future impacts were assessed based on different possible worst-case scenarios. Our findings predict that global warming reduces ice cover duration affecting ecosystem functions and consequently the trophic state. Perceptions of local stakeholders were mostly consistent, but key ecosystem services depend on the regional context. Our results also indicate that the provision of ecosystem services by lakes is largely influenced by the local socio-ecological characteristics. The projected decline in ecosystem services in the future calls for better integration of alpine lake ecosystem services into decision- and policymaking across different governance levels.
{"title":"Climate response of alpine lakes and impacts on ecosystem services","authors":"U. Schirpke, M. Ebner, V. Fontana, Katharina Enigl, M. Ohndorf, H. Pritsch, R. Kurmayer","doi":"10.3097/lo.2023.1109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.2023.1109","url":null,"abstract":"Small alpine lakes are highly sensitive to global warming and human influence, which can affect the ecological integrity of these freshwaters. However, the response of lakes is variable and knowledge about potential impacts on related ecosystem services is insufficient. The project CLAIMES (Climate response of alpine lakes: Resistance variability and management consequences for ecosystem services) therefore aimed at assessing potential impacts on ecosystem services for 15 study lakes located in Niedere Tauern (Austria) and South Tyrol (Italy). In a first step, the lakes’ ecological variability was characterized based on limnological data and lake surface temperature modelling. Adopting a participatory approach, the most important ecosystem services were identified, and their importance was evaluated by local stakeholders. The prioritized ecosystem services were quantified using multiple indicators, and potential future impacts were assessed based on different possible worst-case scenarios. Our findings predict that global warming reduces ice cover duration affecting ecosystem functions and consequently the trophic state. Perceptions of local stakeholders were mostly consistent, but key ecosystem services depend on the regional context. Our results also indicate that the provision of ecosystem services by lakes is largely influenced by the local socio-ecological characteristics. The projected decline in ecosystem services in the future calls for better integration of alpine lake ecosystem services into decision- and policymaking across different governance levels.","PeriodicalId":38803,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Online","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48486962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physical Activity (PA) is vital for health and well-being. Automobile-oriented urban development hinders PA in rapidly urbanized cities. In this regard, Complete Streets’ is an emerging design approach to provide equitable services for all road users while promoting PA. Qatar is introducing ‘Complete Streets’ as part of an urban beautification project in which trees are an integral design element. In the capital city of Doha, expatriates constitute a large portion of the resident population; and primary roadside users due to their dependence on public transportation like the Metro rail. Using a quantitative survey, this pilot study conducted in a typical road segment of downtown Doha investigated the preferences of expatriate roadside users for ecosystem services (ES) offered by the street vegetation, the four potential roadside vegetation types, and the associated reasons. The results revealed that the top two preferred ESwere the benefits of street vegetation in the aesthetic enhancement of streets and microclimate regulations. The vegetation type that was perceived to have more greenery was most preferred. The perceived ‘restorative’ benefits of street vegetation mainly influenced the preferences. The findings of this study provide insight into the inclusion of vegetation along roads under the beautification projects in downtown Doha by the Public Works Authority, Ashghal. It is the first study in Qatar that focuses on the preferences of expatriate roadside users for the ES offered by street vegetation and street vegetation types.
{"title":"Insight into vegetation inclusion along urban roads: A pilot study on the preferences of expatriate roadside users in downtown Doha, Qatar","authors":"Soujanya Mogra, M. Khamidi, F. Fadli","doi":"10.3097/lo.2023.1108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.2023.1108","url":null,"abstract":"Physical Activity (PA) is vital for health and well-being. Automobile-oriented urban development hinders PA in rapidly urbanized cities. In this regard, Complete Streets’ is an emerging design approach to provide equitable services for all road users while promoting PA. Qatar is introducing ‘Complete Streets’ as part of an urban beautification project in which trees are an integral design element. In the capital city of Doha, expatriates constitute a large portion of the resident population; and primary roadside users due to their dependence on public transportation like the Metro rail. Using a quantitative survey, this pilot study conducted in a typical road segment of downtown Doha investigated the preferences of expatriate roadside users for ecosystem services (ES) offered by the street vegetation, the four potential roadside vegetation types, and the associated reasons. The results revealed that the top two preferred ESwere the benefits of street vegetation in the aesthetic enhancement of streets and microclimate regulations. The vegetation type that was perceived to have more greenery was most preferred. The perceived ‘restorative’ benefits of street vegetation mainly influenced the preferences. The findings of this study provide insight into the inclusion of vegetation along roads under the beautification projects in downtown Doha by the Public Works Authority, Ashghal. It is the first study in Qatar that focuses on the preferences of expatriate roadside users for the ES offered by street vegetation and street vegetation types.","PeriodicalId":38803,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Online","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46145092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The research objective is to produce thematic maps of the continuum of terrestrial and subaqueous terrain and surface lithology of the Lake Gopło region. The maps were based on the results of geomorphological and geological mapping in the vicinity of Lake Gopło and a reconnaissance of the shape and sediments of the lake basin and the morphology of the basins of other large lakes in its vicinity. A geomorphological classification of subaqueous landforms was carried out and, in the case of Lake Gopło, a lithological classification of its bottom sediments was also conducted. According to the authors, the features of the subaqueous relief and lithology of lake sediments should, depending on the degree to which they have been identified, be included in studies and legends of largeand medium-scale geomorphological and geological/lithological maps. This would significantly enrich their content and could be used to draw detailed conclusions as to the genesis and evolution of the landscape and its geodiversity.
{"title":"The concept of the terrestrial–subaqueous topographical and lithological continuum: a case study of the Lake Gopło region (north-central Poland)","authors":"R. Kot, P. Molewski, Włodzimierz Juśkiewicz","doi":"10.3097/lo.2023.1107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.2023.1107","url":null,"abstract":"The research objective is to produce thematic maps of the continuum of terrestrial and subaqueous terrain and surface lithology of the Lake Gopło region. The maps were based on the results of geomorphological and geological mapping in the vicinity of Lake Gopło and a reconnaissance of the shape and sediments of the lake basin and the morphology of the basins of other large lakes in its vicinity. A geomorphological classification of subaqueous landforms was carried out and, in the case of Lake Gopło, a lithological classification of its bottom sediments was also conducted. According to the authors, the features of the subaqueous relief and lithology of lake sediments should, depending on the degree to which they have been identified, be included in studies and legends of largeand medium-scale geomorphological and geological/lithological maps. This would significantly enrich their content and could be used to draw detailed conclusions as to the genesis and evolution of the landscape and its geodiversity.","PeriodicalId":38803,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Online","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44656261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It has been 15 years by now that the International Association for Landscape Ecology – Chapter Germany (IALE-D) launched the e-journal Landscape Online. At the time of its first publication in 2007, to the best of our knowledge, it was one of the first open access peer-reviewed scientific e-journals in the field of Landscape Ecology. Over the last 15 years, it evolved from an idea driven by the German-speaking IALE community in Germany, Austria and Switzerland to a wider established journal linked to the international IALE community supported by partners across the world. In this Editorial, we (1) present the journal’s development and the regional distribution of authorships, (2) reflect on the topics addressed by the articles published, and (3) outline the latest developments in the light of continuities and changes.
{"title":"Fifteen years of Landscape Online: Looking back at the development of an e-journal","authors":"Werner Rolf, U. Schirpke","doi":"10.3097/lo.2022.1106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.2022.1106","url":null,"abstract":"It has been 15 years by now that the International Association for Landscape Ecology – Chapter Germany (IALE-D) launched the e-journal Landscape Online. At the time of its first publication in 2007, to the best of our knowledge, it was one of the first open access peer-reviewed scientific e-journals in the field of Landscape Ecology. Over the last 15 years, it evolved from an idea driven by the German-speaking IALE community in Germany, Austria and Switzerland to a wider established journal linked to the international IALE community supported by partners across the world. In this Editorial, we (1) present the journal’s development and the regional distribution of authorships, (2) reflect on the topics addressed by the articles published, and (3) outline the latest developments in the light of continuities and changes.","PeriodicalId":38803,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Online","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42876312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
explores the socioeconomic impact of riverbank erosion and measures the incidence and severity of poverty among the riverbank inhabitants of Assam, India. Primary data from two erosion effected districts of Assam have been collected using multistage random sampling technique. To measure the incidence of Poverty among the riverbank inhabitants, Head Count Ratio (HCR) method has been used. Severity of poverty is measured using Poverty Gap Index (PGI). The results reveal that the level of poverty and the severity of poverty are related with the degree of erosion. Similarly, the migration (both short-term and long-term) also related with the degree of erosion. It has also found that various types of socioeconomic issues arise due to riverbank erosion, such as loss of cropland and livestock, education and transportation problem, social displacement, etc. An important fact observed is that the problem of migration and poverty also exist in the non-eroded villages. For which, it cannot be say that migration issue arise only because of riverbank erosion. But, riverbank erosion pushes the other problems to more vulnerable situation which compels the affected people to take their decision. Therefore, riverbank erosion may be considered as a cause of migration and poverty in the study areas. In this context the paper recommends that with the erosion control measures, the policies such as resettlement, financial support and social safety nets should be implemented in the erosion affected areas to reduce poverty as well as to reduce outmigration.
{"title":"Exploring the Socioeconomic Impact of Riverbank Erosion in the Brahmaputra Valley of Assam, India: A Case Study of Two Districts","authors":"Dimpal Dekaraja, Ratul Mahanta","doi":"10.3097/lo.2022.1105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.2022.1105","url":null,"abstract":"explores the socioeconomic impact of riverbank erosion and measures the incidence and severity of poverty among the riverbank inhabitants of Assam, India. Primary data from two erosion effected districts of Assam have been collected using multistage random sampling technique. To measure the incidence of Poverty among the riverbank inhabitants, Head Count Ratio (HCR) method has been used. Severity of poverty is measured using Poverty Gap Index (PGI). The results reveal that the level of poverty and the severity of poverty are related with the degree of erosion. Similarly, the migration (both short-term and long-term) also related with the degree of erosion. It has also found that various types of socioeconomic issues arise due to riverbank erosion, such as loss of cropland and livestock, education and transportation problem, social displacement, etc. An important fact observed is that the problem of migration and poverty also exist in the non-eroded villages. For which, it cannot be say that migration issue arise only because of riverbank erosion. But, riverbank erosion pushes the other problems to more vulnerable situation which compels the affected people to take their decision. Therefore, riverbank erosion may be considered as a cause of migration and poverty in the study areas. In this context the paper recommends that with the erosion control measures, the policies such as resettlement, financial support and social safety nets should be implemented in the erosion affected areas to reduce poverty as well as to reduce outmigration.","PeriodicalId":38803,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Online","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43267329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wildfires, tree removals, and deer herbivory are potential pathways for spread of non-native plants. I modeled the number of recorded nonnative plant species by county compared to wildfire area, tree removals, and deer densities in the eastern United States and also eastern forests. Species richness of 1016 plant species in 780 primarily forested counties decreased with increased values of the three variables; models equally showed negative relationships. For model predictions, based on withheld samples of non-native species counts, percentage wildfire area alone had the greatest association (R2 value of 31%) for non-native species richness in eastern forests; non-native species richness decreased with wildfire area until stabilizing at >1% wildfire area to a neutral relationship. For 1581 species in 2431 counties in the eastern U.S., the three variables each had an overall negative relationship with non-native species richness (R2 value up to 14%), without a consensus by three regression types of most influential variables. These formal models suggest that wildfire, tree removals, and deer herbivory generally may be nominal pathways for non-native plant spread at landscape scales in the eastern United States.
{"title":"Non-native plant associations with wildfire, tree removals, and deer in the eastern United States","authors":"B. Hanberry","doi":"10.3097/lo.2022.1104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3097/lo.2022.1104","url":null,"abstract":"Wildfires, tree removals, and deer herbivory are potential pathways for spread of non-native plants. I modeled the number of recorded nonnative plant species by county compared to wildfire area, tree removals, and deer densities in the eastern United States and also eastern forests. Species richness of 1016 plant species in 780 primarily forested counties decreased with increased values of the three variables; models equally showed negative relationships. For model predictions, based on withheld samples of non-native species counts, percentage wildfire area alone had the greatest association (R2 value of 31%) for non-native species richness in eastern forests; non-native species richness decreased with wildfire area until stabilizing at >1% wildfire area to a neutral relationship. For 1581 species in 2431 counties in the eastern U.S., the three variables each had an overall negative relationship with non-native species richness (R2 value up to 14%), without a consensus by three regression types of most influential variables. These formal models suggest that wildfire, tree removals, and deer herbivory generally may be nominal pathways for non-native plant spread at landscape scales in the eastern United States.","PeriodicalId":38803,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Online","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48993010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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