K. M. B. Vijayaraghavan, R. Rajendran, Appu Thomas, A. Mathew
Introduction Paediatric urolithiasis is an emerging disease in developing nations especially in India, but a rarer entity compared to its adult counterpart. There is significant geographic variation in the incidence of urolithiasis within India itself. Given the changing dynamics of the disease, this study evaluated paediatric urolithiasis patients in a non-endemic region in South India. Methods This is a retrospective study of children and adolescents diagnosed with urolithiasis from January 2009 to December 2019 in a single tertiary care centre in South India. The purpose of this study was to investigate and identify the demographic and clinical characteristics, aetiology, management, clearance rates after surgical intervention and disease recurrence of paediatric stone disease in a non-endemic region in South India. Results We evaluated 29 patients which included a total of 97 hospital admissions. Predominantly the study population consisted of males (80.0%), with a mean age of symptom onset of 9.44±5.53-years. All patients were metabolically evaluated, 16 patients (55.2%) had metabolic abnormalities and the most common abnormality was hypocitraturia (37.5%). Spontaneous elimination rate was 6.9% and clearance rates for surgical procedures ranged from 72% to 100%. Recurrent stones were seen in 37.9%. No patient developed chronic kidney disease or mortality due to stone disease within the evaluation period of this study. Conclusion Paediatric urolithiasis is an emerging disease in India. There is a high prevalence of metabolic abnormalities in paediatric stone disease which supports the need for metabolic evaluation in all cases. There is more similarity of our study with western literature than the available Indian data which may be due to the lifestyle changes, significant geographic variation within India itself between endemic and non-endemic regions or changing epidemiology of paediatric stone disease per se.
{"title":"Paediatric Urolithiasis an Emerging Concern: Single Centre Experience in a Non-Endemic Region in South India","authors":"K. M. B. Vijayaraghavan, R. Rajendran, Appu Thomas, A. Mathew","doi":"10.17140/uaoj-5-136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/uaoj-5-136","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Paediatric urolithiasis is an emerging disease in developing nations especially in India, but a rarer entity compared to its adult counterpart. There is significant geographic variation in the incidence of urolithiasis within India itself. Given the changing dynamics of the disease, this study evaluated paediatric urolithiasis patients in a non-endemic region in South India. Methods This is a retrospective study of children and adolescents diagnosed with urolithiasis from January 2009 to December 2019 in a single tertiary care centre in South India. The purpose of this study was to investigate and identify the demographic and clinical characteristics, aetiology, management, clearance rates after surgical intervention and disease recurrence of paediatric stone disease in a non-endemic region in South India. Results We evaluated 29 patients which included a total of 97 hospital admissions. Predominantly the study population consisted of males (80.0%), with a mean age of symptom onset of 9.44±5.53-years. All patients were metabolically evaluated, 16 patients (55.2%) had metabolic abnormalities and the most common abnormality was hypocitraturia (37.5%). Spontaneous elimination rate was 6.9% and clearance rates for surgical procedures ranged from 72% to 100%. Recurrent stones were seen in 37.9%. No patient developed chronic kidney disease or mortality due to stone disease within the evaluation period of this study. Conclusion Paediatric urolithiasis is an emerging disease in India. There is a high prevalence of metabolic abnormalities in paediatric stone disease which supports the need for metabolic evaluation in all cases. There is more similarity of our study with western literature than the available Indian data which may be due to the lifestyle changes, significant geographic variation within India itself between endemic and non-endemic regions or changing epidemiology of paediatric stone disease per se.","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130650128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of Ohmmeter for Detection of Leak in Hydraulic Penile Prostheses: A Case Report","authors":"L. Barragán, I. Fishman","doi":"10.17140/uaoj-5-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/uaoj-5-139","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125719965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Vitagliano, L. Rico, H. R. Pita, M. Nazar, C. Ameri, L. Blas
Introduction Prostate cancer is generally multifocal, presenting a lesion with a dominant focus (index lesion) that is characterized by being the lesion with the greatest volume and the biological capacity of invasion to adjacent tissues and distant metastases. With the advent of focal therapy and organ preservation in prostate cancer, it is essential to know the real tumour volume and thus, avoid the persistence of disease after treatments with curative intent. The aim of this study is to correlate the results of the dominant tumour volume obtained from the multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate and the histopathology. Material and Methods A retrospective study was performed which included all radical prostatectomies (RP) with previous MRI. A comparative analysis was performed between the tumour volume obtained from the MRI and the histopathology. Results A total of 46 patients were included in the study. The sensibility of the MRI in diagnosing the index lesion was 82.6%, highlighting that all tumours with a Gleason score ≥ 4+3 were diagnosed. The mean tumour volume in the MRI was 14.3 mm and in the histological result was 18.82 mm (p<0.05). The estimation tumour volume concordance was greatest in higher risk (International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP)). Conclusion The MRI underestimates the real tumour volume of the prostate cancer index lesion when compared to the histological result of the surgical piece, being significantly lower in high-risk lesions.
前列腺癌通常是多灶性的，病变以一个优势灶(指数灶)为特征，其体积最大，具有浸润邻近组织和远处转移的生物学能力。随着前列腺癌局部治疗和器官保存的出现，了解肿瘤的真实体积，从而避免在治疗后疾病的持续存在是至关重要的。本研究的目的是将从前列腺多参数磁共振成像(MRI)和组织病理学获得的优势肿瘤体积的结果联系起来。材料和方法回顾性研究包括所有根治性前列腺切除术(RP)和既往MRI。比较分析了MRI和组织病理学所获得的肿瘤体积。结果共纳入46例患者。MRI对指数病变的诊断敏感性为82.6%，Gleason评分≥4+3的肿瘤均被诊断。MRI平均肿瘤体积14.3 mm，组织学平均肿瘤体积18.82 mm (p<0.05)。估计肿瘤体积一致性在高危人群中最大(国际泌尿病理学会(ISUP))。结论与手术片的组织学结果相比，MRI低估了前列腺癌指数病变的真实肿瘤体积，在高危病变中，MRI明显低估了前列腺癌指数病变。
{"title":"Tumour Volume of the Index Lesion in Prostate Cancer: Correlation between Results of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Histophatology","authors":"G. Vitagliano, L. Rico, H. R. Pita, M. Nazar, C. Ameri, L. Blas","doi":"10.17140/UAOJ-4-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/UAOJ-4-134","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Prostate cancer is generally multifocal, presenting a lesion with a dominant focus (index lesion) that is characterized by being the lesion with the greatest volume and the biological capacity of invasion to adjacent tissues and distant metastases. With the advent of focal therapy and organ preservation in prostate cancer, it is essential to know the real tumour volume and thus, avoid the persistence of disease after treatments with curative intent. The aim of this study is to correlate the results of the dominant tumour volume obtained from the multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the prostate and the histopathology. Material and Methods A retrospective study was performed which included all radical prostatectomies (RP) with previous MRI. A comparative analysis was performed between the tumour volume obtained from the MRI and the histopathology. Results A total of 46 patients were included in the study. The sensibility of the MRI in diagnosing the index lesion was 82.6%, highlighting that all tumours with a Gleason score ≥ 4+3 were diagnosed. The mean tumour volume in the MRI was 14.3 mm and in the histological result was 18.82 mm (p<0.05). The estimation tumour volume concordance was greatest in higher risk (International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP)). Conclusion The MRI underestimates the real tumour volume of the prostate cancer index lesion when compared to the histological result of the surgical piece, being significantly lower in high-risk lesions.","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"167 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122626141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fournier's Gangrene in a Diabetic Young Man","authors":"S. Ennaciri, M. Ahsaini, M. H. Farih","doi":"10.17140/uaoj-3-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/uaoj-3-117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117264652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julie M. Riley, Jessica M. Ming, F. Alba, Michael L Davis
{"title":"Comparison of Hispanics to Caucasians in Metabolic Evaluation of Nephrolithiasis","authors":"Julie M. Riley, Jessica M. Ming, F. Alba, Michael L Davis","doi":"10.17140/uaoj-3-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/uaoj-3-116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131956462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incidentally Found Meckel’s Diverticulum Used in the Creation of an Orthotopic Neobladder","authors":"S. Priyadarshi, Megha Priyadarshi","doi":"10.17140/uaoj-3-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/uaoj-3-118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122727783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ennaciri, M. Ahsaini, S. Mellas, J. Ammari, M. Tazi, Mj. El. Fassi, M. H. Farih
A computed tomography (CT) urogram was performed and it set the diagnosis by showing a bilateral incomplete duplex collecting systems with bifid ureters. It also revealed a modest hydronephrosis in inferiors pyelocaliceal systems without any obstruction (Figure 1). However, we did not find any vesicoureteral reflux at cystography. A cystoscopy was performed revealing two ureteral meatus without bladder abnormalities. Retrograde ureteropyelography confirmed the absence of obstruction on the excretory tracts (Figures 2 and 3). The therapeutic strategy was surgical abstention with a closer clinical follow because of the paucisymptomatic aspect of the clinical picture. ABSTRACT
{"title":"A Bilateral Incomplete Duplex System in the Upper Urinary Tract: A Case Report","authors":"S. Ennaciri, M. Ahsaini, S. Mellas, J. Ammari, M. Tazi, Mj. El. Fassi, M. H. Farih","doi":"10.17140/uaoj-3-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/uaoj-3-120","url":null,"abstract":"A computed tomography (CT) urogram was performed and it set the diagnosis by showing a bilateral incomplete duplex collecting systems with bifid ureters. It also revealed a modest hydronephrosis in inferiors pyelocaliceal systems without any obstruction (Figure 1). However, we did not find any vesicoureteral reflux at cystography. A cystoscopy was performed revealing two ureteral meatus without bladder abnormalities. Retrograde ureteropyelography confirmed the absence of obstruction on the excretory tracts (Figures 2 and 3). The therapeutic strategy was surgical abstention with a closer clinical follow because of the paucisymptomatic aspect of the clinical picture. ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115516439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Laamari, S. Ennaciri, Zakia Douh, S. Elloudi, Hanane Bayba, F. Mernissi, M. H. Farih
Copyright 2019 by Laamari K. This is an open-access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which allows to copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and reproduce in any medium or format, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited. cc A 35-year-old man consulted for calcified nodules of the scrotal skin. He complained of an impact on his sexual performance. The nodules progressively increased in size. He had no history of trauma or genitourinary or hormonal disorders. His physical examination revealed multiple bilateral calcified cutaneous lesions of the scrotum with no associated inflammation (Figure 1A). The dermatoscopic examination noted erythema with telangiectatic vessels (Figure 1B).
这是一篇根据知识共享署名4.0国际许可(CC by 4.0)发布的开放获取文章，允许以任何媒介或格式复制、再分发、再混合、转换和复制，即使是商业复制，前提是正确引用原始作品。男，35岁，因阴囊皮肤钙化结节就诊。他抱怨这影响了他的性表现。结节逐渐增大。他没有外伤史，也没有泌尿生殖系统或激素紊乱史。体格检查显示双侧阴囊多发钙化皮损，无相关炎症(图1A)。皮镜检查发现红斑伴毛细血管扩张(图1B)。
{"title":"Scrotal Calcinosis: A Dermatosis Not so Rare","authors":"K. Laamari, S. Ennaciri, Zakia Douh, S. Elloudi, Hanane Bayba, F. Mernissi, M. H. Farih","doi":"10.17140/uaoj-3-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/uaoj-3-119","url":null,"abstract":"Copyright 2019 by Laamari K. This is an open-access article distributed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which allows to copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and reproduce in any medium or format, even commercially, provided the original work is properly cited. cc A 35-year-old man consulted for calcified nodules of the scrotal skin. He complained of an impact on his sexual performance. The nodules progressively increased in size. He had no history of trauma or genitourinary or hormonal disorders. His physical examination revealed multiple bilateral calcified cutaneous lesions of the scrotum with no associated inflammation (Figure 1A). The dermatoscopic examination noted erythema with telangiectatic vessels (Figure 1B).","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130627089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The risk of acquisition of multi-drug resistance remains a major hurdle in management of patients with sepsis. Owing to limitation in availability of antibiotics and increasing surge of multi-drug resistant organisms, the major aim still remains at prevention of the growth of organism. Various guidelines prevent against the routine change of urinary catheter at fixed interval unless there are clinical predictors of infection or obstruction. But there are at times, when despite all the measures, once infection occur, it may be resistant to all the available antibiotics, as had been seen in our case. This case report highlights yet another instance of multi-drug resistance organism, where the importance of preventive measures needs to be over emphasized.
{"title":"A Fatal Case of Providencia Sepsis","authors":"B. Gupta, N. Kachru","doi":"10.17140/uaoj-2-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/uaoj-2-112","url":null,"abstract":"The risk of acquisition of multi-drug resistance remains a major hurdle in management of patients with sepsis. Owing to limitation in availability of antibiotics and increasing surge of multi-drug resistant organisms, the major aim still remains at prevention of the growth of organism. Various guidelines prevent against the routine change of urinary catheter at fixed interval unless there are clinical predictors of infection or obstruction. But there are at times, when despite all the measures, once infection occur, it may be resistant to all the available antibiotics, as had been seen in our case. This case report highlights yet another instance of multi-drug resistance organism, where the importance of preventive measures needs to be over emphasized.","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128251970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Lo, Jeng-Cheng Wu, M. Liu, Ching-Hsin Chang, Hsiao-Yu Lin, Chien‐Chih Wu, S. Yeh
Objective Current evidence concerning the effect of aging on the treatment outcome of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is still conflicting. We performed a retrospective analysis to investigate the effect of age on the treatment outcome of ESWL for ureteric stones. Materials and Methods Our study was a pair-matched analysis comparing the three month stone free rate (SFR) after primary ESWL. Between March 1st, 2013 and December 31st, 2015, a total of 1204 patients received ESWL in our facility. We recruited 131 patients who were above or equal to 65 years old, 72 of whom met our inclusion criteria. These patients were stratified into Group A. To compare differences in treatment outcome between age groups, patients in Group A were matched 1:1 to patients aged less than 65 years by their stone size, stone location and gender. These matched patients were sorted into Group B. We compared the three-month SFR and the effect of co-morbidities on the three-month SFR between the two groups using the Pearson’s chi-square test and multivariate analysis. Results Seventy-two patients were included with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1 in each group. The average stone size was 6.74 mm (95% confidence interval, CI: 7.51-5.96) and 6.61 mm (95% CI: 7.25-5.96) in Group A and B, respectively (p=0.799). There were no differences in the three month SFR between Group A and B (63.9% vs. 66.7%, p=0.726). Univariate analysis suggested that stone location and diameter were related to SFR. However, multivariate analysis failed to show any statistically significant factors affecting SFR, including age. Conclusion In our study, age did not affect the three month SFR of ESWL. Therefore, ESWL could be an effective treatment modality for older patients. However, prospective studies with detailed data collection are required to validate these findings.
目的目前关于年龄对体外冲击波碎石(ESWL)治疗效果影响的证据仍存在争议。我们进行了一项回顾性分析，探讨年龄对输尿管结石ESWL治疗结果的影响。材料与方法本研究采用配对分析方法，比较原发性ESWL术后3个月结石无结石率(SFR)。2013年3月1日至2015年12月31日，我院共收治了1204例ESWL患者。我们招募了131名年龄大于或等于65岁的患者，其中72名符合我们的纳入标准。这些患者被分为A组。为了比较年龄组之间的治疗结果差异，根据结石大小、结石位置和性别，A组患者与65岁以下患者1:1匹配。这些匹配的患者被分为b组。我们使用Pearson卡方检验和多变量分析比较了两组的三个月SFR以及合并症对三个月SFR的影响。结果纳入72例患者，每组男女比例为1:1。A组和B组的平均结石大小分别为6.74 mm(95%可信区间，CI: 7.51-5.96)和6.61 mm (95% CI: 7.25-5.96) (p=0.799)。A组和B组3个月SFR无差异(63.9% vs 66.7%， p=0.726)。单因素分析表明，结石位置和直径与SFR有关。然而，多变量分析没有显示任何具有统计学意义的影响SFR的因素，包括年龄。结论在我们的研究中，年龄对ESWL的3个月SFR没有影响。因此，体外冲击波碎石对老年患者是一种有效的治疗方式。然而，需要有详细数据收集的前瞻性研究来验证这些发现。
{"title":"Does Aging Affect the Efficiency of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (ESWL) on Ureter Stones?","authors":"S. Lo, Jeng-Cheng Wu, M. Liu, Ching-Hsin Chang, Hsiao-Yu Lin, Chien‐Chih Wu, S. Yeh","doi":"10.17140/uaoj-2-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/uaoj-2-114","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Current evidence concerning the effect of aging on the treatment outcome of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is still conflicting. We performed a retrospective analysis to investigate the effect of age on the treatment outcome of ESWL for ureteric stones. Materials and Methods Our study was a pair-matched analysis comparing the three month stone free rate (SFR) after primary ESWL. Between March 1st, 2013 and December 31st, 2015, a total of 1204 patients received ESWL in our facility. We recruited 131 patients who were above or equal to 65 years old, 72 of whom met our inclusion criteria. These patients were stratified into Group A. To compare differences in treatment outcome between age groups, patients in Group A were matched 1:1 to patients aged less than 65 years by their stone size, stone location and gender. These matched patients were sorted into Group B. We compared the three-month SFR and the effect of co-morbidities on the three-month SFR between the two groups using the Pearson’s chi-square test and multivariate analysis. Results Seventy-two patients were included with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1 in each group. The average stone size was 6.74 mm (95% confidence interval, CI: 7.51-5.96) and 6.61 mm (95% CI: 7.25-5.96) in Group A and B, respectively (p=0.799). There were no differences in the three month SFR between Group A and B (63.9% vs. 66.7%, p=0.726). Univariate analysis suggested that stone location and diameter were related to SFR. However, multivariate analysis failed to show any statistically significant factors affecting SFR, including age. Conclusion In our study, age did not affect the three month SFR of ESWL. Therefore, ESWL could be an effective treatment modality for older patients. However, prospective studies with detailed data collection are required to validate these findings.","PeriodicalId":388500,"journal":{"name":"Urology and Andrology – Open Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121922176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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