— The emergence of the Internet of things (IoT), associated with the explosion in the number of connected objects, and the growth in user needs, makes the Internet network very complex. IoT objects are diverse and heterogeneous, which requires establishing interoperability and efficient identity management on the one hand. On the other hand, centralized architectures such as cloud-based ones can have overhead and high latency, with a potential risk of failure. Facing these challenges, Blockchain technology, with its decentralized architecture based on a distributed peer-to-peer network, offers a new infrastructure that allows IoT objects to interact reliably and securely. In this paper, a new approach is proposed with a three-layer architecture: layer of sensing and collection of data made up of the IoT network, layer of processing and saving of data exchanges at the Blockchain level, and access and visualization layer via a web interface. The prototype implemented in this study allows all transactions (data exchanges) generated by IoT devices to be recorded and stored on a dedicated Blockchain, assuring the security of IoT objects’ communications. This prototype also enables access to and visualization of all data and information, thus enhancing the IoT network's transparency.
{"title":"A Blockchain Application Prototype for the Internet of Things","authors":"Mansour Mededjel, Ghalem Belalem, Fatima Zohra Nesrine Benadda, Samah Kadakelloucha","doi":"10.24138/jcomss-2021-0129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24138/jcomss-2021-0129","url":null,"abstract":"— The emergence of the Internet of things (IoT), associated with the explosion in the number of connected objects, and the growth in user needs, makes the Internet network very complex. IoT objects are diverse and heterogeneous, which requires establishing interoperability and efficient identity management on the one hand. On the other hand, centralized architectures such as cloud-based ones can have overhead and high latency, with a potential risk of failure. Facing these challenges, Blockchain technology, with its decentralized architecture based on a distributed peer-to-peer network, offers a new infrastructure that allows IoT objects to interact reliably and securely. In this paper, a new approach is proposed with a three-layer architecture: layer of sensing and collection of data made up of the IoT network, layer of processing and saving of data exchanges at the Blockchain level, and access and visualization layer via a web interface. The prototype implemented in this study allows all transactions (data exchanges) generated by IoT devices to be recorded and stored on a dedicated Blockchain, assuring the security of IoT objects’ communications. This prototype also enables access to and visualization of all data and information, thus enhancing the IoT network's transparency.","PeriodicalId":38910,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications Software and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69098627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.24138/jcomss-2022-0030
Marwa M. Ismail, T. Elwi, A. Salim
— With the development of communication systems and antennas, various challenges arise that require antennas of small size with enhanced performance. Metamaterials (MTM) defects introduced a considerable solution to such a challenge. Therefore, in this paper, a lightweight with low profile antenna is designed based on a novel design of a Composite Right/Left-Handed CRLH-MTM Hilbert array. The proposed CRLH-MTM unit cell consists of a T-symmetric CRLH unit cell conjugated to the 3rd-order Hilbert on the ground plane through a T-stub structure to enhance the gain-bandwidth product. CST-MWS is used to stimulate and design the proposed antenna structure. The antenna parameters are optimized to evaluate the antenna performance in gain and S 11 . As a result, the antenna can operate forward and backwards with a large scanning angle ranging from +34 o to 134 o with changing frequency, and dual-band extended from 3.3GHz to 4.2GHz 4.86GHz 5.98GHz with a maximum gain of 7.24dBi and 3.74dBi, respectively. The beam steering is achieved by trough controlling the switching operation of PIN diodes. As a result, the antenna can scan up to 8° from 34° to 42° at 3.5GHz with constant gain along with the operating range.
{"title":"A Miniaturized Printed Circuit CRLH Antenna-based Hilbert Metamaterial Array","authors":"Marwa M. Ismail, T. Elwi, A. Salim","doi":"10.24138/jcomss-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24138/jcomss-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"— With the development of communication systems and antennas, various challenges arise that require antennas of small size with enhanced performance. Metamaterials (MTM) defects introduced a considerable solution to such a challenge. Therefore, in this paper, a lightweight with low profile antenna is designed based on a novel design of a Composite Right/Left-Handed CRLH-MTM Hilbert array. The proposed CRLH-MTM unit cell consists of a T-symmetric CRLH unit cell conjugated to the 3rd-order Hilbert on the ground plane through a T-stub structure to enhance the gain-bandwidth product. CST-MWS is used to stimulate and design the proposed antenna structure. The antenna parameters are optimized to evaluate the antenna performance in gain and S 11 . As a result, the antenna can operate forward and backwards with a large scanning angle ranging from +34 o to 134 o with changing frequency, and dual-band extended from 3.3GHz to 4.2GHz 4.86GHz 5.98GHz with a maximum gain of 7.24dBi and 3.74dBi, respectively. The beam steering is achieved by trough controlling the switching operation of PIN diodes. As a result, the antenna can scan up to 8° from 34° to 42° at 3.5GHz with constant gain along with the operating range.","PeriodicalId":38910,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications Software and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69099056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
— Cause-effect graphing is a commonly used black-box technique with many applications in practice. It is important to be able to create accurate cause-effect graph specifications from system requirements before converting them to test case tables used for black-box testing. In this paper, a new graphical software tool for creating cause-effect graph specifications is presented. The tool uses standardized graphical notation for describing different types of nodes, logical relations and constraints, resulting in a visual representation of the desired cause-effect graph which can be exported for later usage and imported in the tool. The purpose of this work is to make the cause-effect graph specification process easier for users in order to solve some of the problems which arise due to the insufficient amount of understanding of cause-effect graph elements. The proposed tool was successfully used for creating cause-effect graph specifications for small, medium and large graphs. It was also successfully used for performing different types of tasks by users without any prior knowledge of the functionalities of the tool, indicating that the tool is easy to use, helpful and intuitive. The results indicate that the usage of standardized notation is easier to understand than non-standardized approaches from other tools.
{"title":"New Graphical Software Tool for Creating Cause-Effect Graph Specifications","authors":"Ehlimana Krupalija, Šeila Bećirović, Irfan Prazina, Emir Cogo, Ingmar Bešić","doi":"10.24138/jcomss-2022-0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24138/jcomss-2022-0076","url":null,"abstract":"— Cause-effect graphing is a commonly used black-box technique with many applications in practice. It is important to be able to create accurate cause-effect graph specifications from system requirements before converting them to test case tables used for black-box testing. In this paper, a new graphical software tool for creating cause-effect graph specifications is presented. The tool uses standardized graphical notation for describing different types of nodes, logical relations and constraints, resulting in a visual representation of the desired cause-effect graph which can be exported for later usage and imported in the tool. The purpose of this work is to make the cause-effect graph specification process easier for users in order to solve some of the problems which arise due to the insufficient amount of understanding of cause-effect graph elements. The proposed tool was successfully used for creating cause-effect graph specifications for small, medium and large graphs. It was also successfully used for performing different types of tasks by users without any prior knowledge of the functionalities of the tool, indicating that the tool is easy to use, helpful and intuitive. The results indicate that the usage of standardized notation is easier to understand than non-standardized approaches from other tools.","PeriodicalId":38910,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications Software and Systems","volume":"610 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69099240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.24138/jcomss-2022-0138
Ajay Mahaputra Kumar, Kamaldeep Kaur
—Software testing plays a significant role in various software development phases. There are so many software testing techniques available. Selecting the most suitable software testing technique based on multiple factors is challenging for software practitioners. This paper proposes an MCDM-based hybrid approach for selecting the most appropriate software testing technique among various available software testing techniques, considering multiple factors such as cost, schedule, resources, etc. Because of the involvement of multiple factors, the problem of selecting the most appropriate software testing technique can be modeled as an MCDM problem. This study proposes a hybrid approach by integrating two MCDM methods BWM (Best-Worst Method) and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), for evaluating various software testing techniques considering multiple factors altogether. For the applicability of the proposed approach, an experimental study was conducted using seven software testing techniques and six evaluation criteria. Results show the proposed approach can be used as an efficient tool for selecting the most suitable software testing technique among various available testing techniques in the presence of multiple factors.
{"title":"BW-TOPSIS: A Hybrid Method to Evaluate Software Testing Techniques","authors":"Ajay Mahaputra Kumar, Kamaldeep Kaur","doi":"10.24138/jcomss-2022-0138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24138/jcomss-2022-0138","url":null,"abstract":"—Software testing plays a significant role in various software development phases. There are so many software testing techniques available. Selecting the most suitable software testing technique based on multiple factors is challenging for software practitioners. This paper proposes an MCDM-based hybrid approach for selecting the most appropriate software testing technique among various available software testing techniques, considering multiple factors such as cost, schedule, resources, etc. Because of the involvement of multiple factors, the problem of selecting the most appropriate software testing technique can be modeled as an MCDM problem. This study proposes a hybrid approach by integrating two MCDM methods BWM (Best-Worst Method) and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), for evaluating various software testing techniques considering multiple factors altogether. For the applicability of the proposed approach, an experimental study was conducted using seven software testing techniques and six evaluation criteria. Results show the proposed approach can be used as an efficient tool for selecting the most suitable software testing technique among various available testing techniques in the presence of multiple factors.","PeriodicalId":38910,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications Software and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69099973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.24138/jcomss.v18i1.1082
E. Krishna, K. Sivani, K. Reddy
Abstract—In this paper, a de-noising approach in conjunction with channel estimation (CE) algorithm for OFDM systems using singular spectrum analysis (SSA) is presented. In the proposed algorithm, the initial CE is computed with the aid of traditional linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) algorithm, and then further channel is evaluated by considering the low rank eigenvalue approximation of channel correlation matrix related to channel using SSA. Simulation results on bit error rate (BER) revealed that the method attains an improvement of 7 dB, 5 dB and 3 dB compared to common LSE, MMSE and SVD based methods respectively. With the help of statistical correlation coefficient (C) and kurtosis (k), the SSA method utilized to de-noise the received OFDM signal in addition to CE. In the process of denoising, the received OFDM signal will be decomposed into different empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) based on the singular values. It was established that the correlation coefficients worked well in identifying useful EOFs only up to moderate SNR 12dB. For low SNR<12 dB, kurtosis was found to be a useful measure for identifying the useful EOFs. In addition to outperforming the existing methods, with this de-noising approach, the mean square error (MSE) of channel estimator is further improved approximately 1 dB more in SNR at the cost of computational complexity.
{"title":"OFDM Channel Estimation Along with Denoising Approach under Small SNR Environment using SSA","authors":"E. Krishna, K. Sivani, K. Reddy","doi":"10.24138/jcomss.v18i1.1082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24138/jcomss.v18i1.1082","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract—In this paper, a de-noising approach in conjunction with channel estimation (CE) algorithm for OFDM systems using singular spectrum analysis (SSA) is presented. In the proposed algorithm, the initial CE is computed with the aid of traditional linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) algorithm, and then further channel is evaluated by considering the low rank eigenvalue approximation of channel correlation matrix related to channel using SSA. Simulation results on bit error rate (BER) revealed that the method attains an improvement of 7 dB, 5 dB and 3 dB compared to common LSE, MMSE and SVD based methods respectively. With the help of statistical correlation coefficient (C) and kurtosis (k), the SSA method utilized to de-noise the received OFDM signal in addition to CE. In the process of denoising, the received OFDM signal will be decomposed into different empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) based on the singular values. It was established that the correlation coefficients worked well in identifying useful EOFs only up to moderate SNR 12dB. For low SNR<12 dB, kurtosis was found to be a useful measure for identifying the useful EOFs. In addition to outperforming the existing methods, with this de-noising approach, the mean square error (MSE) of channel estimator is further improved approximately 1 dB more in SNR at the cost of computational complexity.","PeriodicalId":38910,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications Software and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69092933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.24138/jcomss-2021-0185
Ermira Daka, Egzon Mustafa
—Regression testing is a process that is repeated after every change in the program. Prioritization of test cases is an important process during regression test execution. Nowadays, there exist several techniques that decide which of the test cases will run first as per their priority levels, while increasing the probability of finding bugs earlier in the test life cycle. However, sometimes algorithms used to select important test cases may stop searching in local minima while missing the rest of the tests that might be important for a given change. To address this limitation further, we propose a domain-specific model that assigns testing priority to classes in applications based on developers’ judgments for priority. Moreover, our technique which takes into consideration applications’ code content and bug history, relates these features to overall class priority for testing. In the end, we test the proposed approach with a new (unknown) dataset of 20 instances. The predicted results are compared with developers’ priority score and saw that this metric can prioritize correctly 70% of classes under test.
{"title":"Assigning Test Priority to Modules Using Code-Content and Bug History","authors":"Ermira Daka, Egzon Mustafa","doi":"10.24138/jcomss-2021-0185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24138/jcomss-2021-0185","url":null,"abstract":"—Regression testing is a process that is repeated after every change in the program. Prioritization of test cases is an important process during regression test execution. Nowadays, there exist several techniques that decide which of the test cases will run first as per their priority levels, while increasing the probability of finding bugs earlier in the test life cycle. However, sometimes algorithms used to select important test cases may stop searching in local minima while missing the rest of the tests that might be important for a given change. To address this limitation further, we propose a domain-specific model that assigns testing priority to classes in applications based on developers’ judgments for priority. Moreover, our technique which takes into consideration applications’ code content and bug history, relates these features to overall class priority for testing. In the end, we test the proposed approach with a new (unknown) dataset of 20 instances. The predicted results are compared with developers’ priority score and saw that this metric can prioritize correctly 70% of classes under test.","PeriodicalId":38910,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications Software and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69098450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.24138/jcomss-2021-0177
Manuela Silva, M. Perkusich, A. Freire, D. Albuquerque, Kyller Costa Gorgônio, H. Almeida, A. Perkusich, Everton T. Guimarães
—Multiple models (or instruments) for measuring Teamwork Quality (TWQ) for Agile Software Development can be found in the literature. Regardless, such models have different constructs and measures, with no empirical evidence for comparing them. This study analyzed two agile TWQ models, resulting in equivalent results. We mapped the models’ variables given their definitions. We then collected data using both a Bayesian Network model, namely the TWQ-BN model, and Structural Equation Modeling, namely the TWQ-SEM model. We interviewed 162 team members from two software development companies. We analyzed the data using the Bland-Altman method. We obtained enough evidence to conclude that the results for Communication , Coordination , Cohesion and Mutual Support variables are not equivalent. On the other hand, we did not have enough evidence to claim that the models do not agree for measuring Effort and Balance of member contribution variables. The results of this study detail how two state-of-the-art agile TWQs compare in terms of their measures as well as potential research areas for further investigation.
{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Agile Teamwork Quality Measurement Models","authors":"Manuela Silva, M. Perkusich, A. Freire, D. Albuquerque, Kyller Costa Gorgônio, H. Almeida, A. Perkusich, Everton T. Guimarães","doi":"10.24138/jcomss-2021-0177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24138/jcomss-2021-0177","url":null,"abstract":"—Multiple models (or instruments) for measuring Teamwork Quality (TWQ) for Agile Software Development can be found in the literature. Regardless, such models have different constructs and measures, with no empirical evidence for comparing them. This study analyzed two agile TWQ models, resulting in equivalent results. We mapped the models’ variables given their definitions. We then collected data using both a Bayesian Network model, namely the TWQ-BN model, and Structural Equation Modeling, namely the TWQ-SEM model. We interviewed 162 team members from two software development companies. We analyzed the data using the Bland-Altman method. We obtained enough evidence to conclude that the results for Communication , Coordination , Cohesion and Mutual Support variables are not equivalent. On the other hand, we did not have enough evidence to claim that the models do not agree for measuring Effort and Balance of member contribution variables. The results of this study detail how two state-of-the-art agile TWQs compare in terms of their measures as well as potential research areas for further investigation.","PeriodicalId":38910,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications Software and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69098831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.24138/jcomss-2021-0173
D. Poljak, V. Doric
— The paper deals with an efficient approach to determine complex power generated by a thin wire antenna above a lossy ground. Once the current distribution along a thin wire is obtained by numerically solving the Pocklington integro-differential equation the complex power of the antenna can be obtained by solving the integral over the inner product of tangential component of the electric field and current distribution along the wire stemming from Poynting theorem. Numerical calculation procedure uses the vectors and matrices already constructed within the calculation procedure for the current distribution. Some illustrative numerical results for the active power, reactive power and apparent power of the dipole antenna radiating over a lossy half-space are presented in the paper for different values of input parameters.
{"title":"Calculation of Complex Power Generated by a Transmitting Thin Wire Antenna Radiating above a Lossy Half-space","authors":"D. Poljak, V. Doric","doi":"10.24138/jcomss-2021-0173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24138/jcomss-2021-0173","url":null,"abstract":"— The paper deals with an efficient approach to determine complex power generated by a thin wire antenna above a lossy ground. Once the current distribution along a thin wire is obtained by numerically solving the Pocklington integro-differential equation the complex power of the antenna can be obtained by solving the integral over the inner product of tangential component of the electric field and current distribution along the wire stemming from Poynting theorem. Numerical calculation procedure uses the vectors and matrices already constructed within the calculation procedure for the current distribution. Some illustrative numerical results for the active power, reactive power and apparent power of the dipole antenna radiating over a lossy half-space are presented in the paper for different values of input parameters.","PeriodicalId":38910,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications Software and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69098824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.24138/jcomss-2022-0008
Greta A. Vardanyan, Martin Ts. Ayvazyan, Orbel Zh. Sevoyan
—Software-defined radio (SDR)-based cognitive communication radio systems are very popular at present, and there have been many investigations on this topic. This paper proposes a new type of cognitive radio transceiver (TRX) that can detect, recognize, and analyze input signals in real-time with minimal data loss. New hardware is designed and manufactured that combines a transmitter and a receiver in a dedicated integrated circuit. For data processing, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is used. For each integrated hardware block, appropriate software modules are developed to construct a complex adaptive radiocommunication system as a radio modem that can be configured as a transceiver or repeater. The source coder, channel coder, modulator, spectrum monitoring module, spectrum analyzer, channelizer, symbol rate detector, modulator, modulation type recognition module, demodulator, channel decoder and source decoder are all developed as software modules.
基于软件定义无线电(software defined radio, SDR)的认知通信无线电系统是目前非常流行的一种无线电通信系统，在这方面也有很多研究。本文提出了一种新型的认知无线电收发器(TRX)，它能够以最小的数据丢失实时检测、识别和分析输入信号。新的硬件被设计和制造，将发射器和接收器结合在专用集成电路中。数据处理采用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)。对于每个集成硬件块，开发适当的软件模块来构建一个复杂的自适应无线电通信系统，作为一个无线电调制解调器，可以配置为收发器或中继器。信源编码器、信道编码器、调制器、频谱监控模块、频谱分析仪、信道转换器、码率检测器、调制器、调制类型识别模块、解调器、信道解码器和信源解码器均作为软件模块进行开发。
{"title":"Design and Implementation of a Fully Flexible Cognitive Radio Modem","authors":"Greta A. Vardanyan, Martin Ts. Ayvazyan, Orbel Zh. Sevoyan","doi":"10.24138/jcomss-2022-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24138/jcomss-2022-0008","url":null,"abstract":"—Software-defined radio (SDR)-based cognitive communication radio systems are very popular at present, and there have been many investigations on this topic. This paper proposes a new type of cognitive radio transceiver (TRX) that can detect, recognize, and analyze input signals in real-time with minimal data loss. New hardware is designed and manufactured that combines a transmitter and a receiver in a dedicated integrated circuit. For data processing, a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is used. For each integrated hardware block, appropriate software modules are developed to construct a complex adaptive radiocommunication system as a radio modem that can be configured as a transceiver or repeater. The source coder, channel coder, modulator, spectrum monitoring module, spectrum analyzer, channelizer, symbol rate detector, modulator, modulation type recognition module, demodulator, channel decoder and source decoder are all developed as software modules.","PeriodicalId":38910,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications Software and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69099031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.24138/jcomss-2021-0148
S. Sudhakar, B. Radhakrishnan, P. Karthikeyan, K. Sagayam, Dac-Nhuong Le
— Federated cloud interconnects small and medium-sized cloud service providers for service enhancement to meet demand spikes. The service bartering technique in the federated cloud enables service providers to exchange their services. Selecting an optimal service provider to share services is challenging in the cloud federation. Agent-based and Reciprocal Resource Fairness (RRF) based models are used in the federated cloud for service selection. The agent-based model selects the best service provider using Quality of Service (quality of service). RRF model chooses fair service providers based on service providers' previous service contribution to the federation. However, the models mentioned above fail to address free rider and poor performer problems during the service provider selection process. To solve the above issue, we propose a Multi-criteria Service Selection (MCSS) algorithm for effectively selecting a service provider using quality of service, Performance-Cost Ratio (PCR), and RRF. Comprehensive case studies are conducted to prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Extensive simulation experiments are conducted to compare the proposed algorithm performance with the existing algorithm. The evaluation results demonstrated that MCSS provides 10% more services selection efficiency than Cloud Resource Bartering System (CRBS) and provides 16% more service selection efficiency than RPF.
-联合云连接中小型云服务提供商，以增强服务以满足需求高峰。联邦云中的服务物物交换技术使服务提供者能够交换他们的服务。在云联盟中，选择一个最佳的服务提供商来共享服务是一项挑战。联邦云中使用基于代理和基于互惠资源公平(RRF)的模型进行服务选择。基于代理的模型使用服务质量(Quality of service)选择最佳的服务提供者。RRF模型根据服务提供者以前对联盟的服务贡献来选择公平的服务提供者。然而，上述模型未能解决服务提供商选择过程中的搭便车和性能差问题。为了解决上述问题，我们提出了一种多准则服务选择(MCSS)算法，该算法利用服务质量、性能成本比(PCR)和RRF有效地选择服务提供商。通过全面的案例研究，证明了该算法的有效性。进行了大量的仿真实验，比较了所提算法与现有算法的性能。评估结果表明，MCSS比CRBS (Cloud Resource Bartering System)提高10%的服务选择效率，比RPF提高16%的服务选择效率。
{"title":"Multi-Criteria Service Selection Agent for Federated Cloud","authors":"S. Sudhakar, B. Radhakrishnan, P. Karthikeyan, K. Sagayam, Dac-Nhuong Le","doi":"10.24138/jcomss-2021-0148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24138/jcomss-2021-0148","url":null,"abstract":"— Federated cloud interconnects small and medium-sized cloud service providers for service enhancement to meet demand spikes. The service bartering technique in the federated cloud enables service providers to exchange their services. Selecting an optimal service provider to share services is challenging in the cloud federation. Agent-based and Reciprocal Resource Fairness (RRF) based models are used in the federated cloud for service selection. The agent-based model selects the best service provider using Quality of Service (quality of service). RRF model chooses fair service providers based on service providers' previous service contribution to the federation. However, the models mentioned above fail to address free rider and poor performer problems during the service provider selection process. To solve the above issue, we propose a Multi-criteria Service Selection (MCSS) algorithm for effectively selecting a service provider using quality of service, Performance-Cost Ratio (PCR), and RRF. Comprehensive case studies are conducted to prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Extensive simulation experiments are conducted to compare the proposed algorithm performance with the existing algorithm. The evaluation results demonstrated that MCSS provides 10% more services selection efficiency than Cloud Resource Bartering System (CRBS) and provides 16% more service selection efficiency than RPF.","PeriodicalId":38910,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Communications Software and Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69098701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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