{"title":"Drivers of colony failure in a vulnerable coastal seabird, the Australian Fairy Tern (Sternula nereis nereis)","authors":"C. Greenwell, J. Dunlop","doi":"10.1071/pc23001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/pc23001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38939,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Conservation Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59632162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael J. M. Franklin, Richard E. Major, Ross A. Bradstock
Climate change is driving increases in forest fire activity around the world. Consequently, recent and future research into the implications for affected biota, and its translation into policy and management, is of vital importance for the conservation of forest biodiversity. The dry sclerophyll forests of south-eastern Australia are affected by changing fire regimes, including having recently been extensively burnt. In this review, we synthesise contemporary research into the responses of dry sclerophyll forest birds to fire regimes, with a focus on contrasts in levels of time since fire, fire severity, fire frequency, and their interactions. We identify and discuss high-priority knowledge gaps and management issues in this domain. Recent studies have gained insights into the complexity of the effects of fire on birds by, for example, showing how avian fire responses are influenced by climate variability. In dry sclerophyll forests, most species that responded to time since fire were less likely to occur where it was short. There were mixed positive and negative responses to increasing fire severity and/or frequency among species in these forest bird assemblages. Given that quantification of the risk of extinction of rare and uncommon birds under increased fire activity is challenging, options for investigating their fire response are proposed. Availability of habitat for birds that flourish where fire is recent, severe and/or regular is unlikely to decline given current trends. We present a management approach that conceptualises large blocks of biologically connected forest with longer fire ages, but otherwise differing fire histories, as biodiversity reservoirs.
{"title":"Implications of altered fire regimes for birds of dry sclerophyll forest under climate change","authors":"Michael J. M. Franklin, Richard E. Major, Ross A. Bradstock","doi":"10.1071/pc23019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/pc23019","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is driving increases in forest fire activity around the world. Consequently, recent and future research into the implications for affected biota, and its translation into policy and management, is of vital importance for the conservation of forest biodiversity. The dry sclerophyll forests of south-eastern Australia are affected by changing fire regimes, including having recently been extensively burnt. In this review, we synthesise contemporary research into the responses of dry sclerophyll forest birds to fire regimes, with a focus on contrasts in levels of time since fire, fire severity, fire frequency, and their interactions. We identify and discuss high-priority knowledge gaps and management issues in this domain. Recent studies have gained insights into the complexity of the effects of fire on birds by, for example, showing how avian fire responses are influenced by climate variability. In dry sclerophyll forests, most species that responded to time since fire were less likely to occur where it was short. There were mixed positive and negative responses to increasing fire severity and/or frequency among species in these forest bird assemblages. Given that quantification of the risk of extinction of rare and uncommon birds under increased fire activity is challenging, options for investigating their fire response are proposed. Availability of habitat for birds that flourish where fire is recent, severe and/or regular is unlikely to decline given current trends. We present a management approach that conceptualises large blocks of biologically connected forest with longer fire ages, but otherwise differing fire histories, as biodiversity reservoirs.","PeriodicalId":38939,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Conservation Biology","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135702233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sarah V. Wyse, Thomas F. Carlin, Thomas R. Etherington, Aisyah Faruk, John B. Dickie, Peter J. Bellingham
Context Globally, plant species are facing numerous threats; an issue particularly acute for island floras, which often exhibit high levels of endemism. Ex situ conservation in seed banks is an important tool for plant conservation. However not all species’ seeds can be stored in conventional seed banks. Data on seed storage behaviour are therefore vital for conservation decision making.Aims To review available seed storage information for the New Zealand (NZ) indigenous seed plant flora, 86% of which are endemic.Methods We compiled seed storage information for the NZ flora from databases and existing literature, and used boosted regression trees models to investigate predictors of seed storage behaviour for NZ woody plants. We used existing global models to predict the likely storage behaviour for the NZ woody flora where this was unknown, to examine the overall contribution that conventional seed banking could make towards NZ plant conservation.Key results Data were available for 412 of 1823 seed plants, of which 83% produced orthodox seeds that can be stored in a conventional seed bank. Of the woody flora, the incidence of non-orthodox seeds was positively correlated with seed mass, plant height, biotic dispersal, and habitat diurnal temperature range. Eighty-one percent of the woody flora are predicted to produce orthodox seeds.Conclusions and implications Conventional seed banking is likely to be suitable for a high proportion of the NZ flora. However, work is required to gain further seed storage behaviour data for NZ species, and to develop protocols for alternative ex situ conservation strategies for non-orthodox species, especially those facing in situ conservation threats.
{"title":"Can seed banking assist in conserving the highly endemic New Zealand indigenous flora?","authors":"Sarah V. Wyse, Thomas F. Carlin, Thomas R. Etherington, Aisyah Faruk, John B. Dickie, Peter J. Bellingham","doi":"10.1071/pc23029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/pc23029","url":null,"abstract":"Context Globally, plant species are facing numerous threats; an issue particularly acute for island floras, which often exhibit high levels of endemism. Ex situ conservation in seed banks is an important tool for plant conservation. However not all species’ seeds can be stored in conventional seed banks. Data on seed storage behaviour are therefore vital for conservation decision making.Aims To review available seed storage information for the New Zealand (NZ) indigenous seed plant flora, 86% of which are endemic.Methods We compiled seed storage information for the NZ flora from databases and existing literature, and used boosted regression trees models to investigate predictors of seed storage behaviour for NZ woody plants. We used existing global models to predict the likely storage behaviour for the NZ woody flora where this was unknown, to examine the overall contribution that conventional seed banking could make towards NZ plant conservation.Key results Data were available for 412 of 1823 seed plants, of which 83% produced orthodox seeds that can be stored in a conventional seed bank. Of the woody flora, the incidence of non-orthodox seeds was positively correlated with seed mass, plant height, biotic dispersal, and habitat diurnal temperature range. Eighty-one percent of the woody flora are predicted to produce orthodox seeds.Conclusions and implications Conventional seed banking is likely to be suitable for a high proportion of the NZ flora. However, work is required to gain further seed storage behaviour data for NZ species, and to develop protocols for alternative ex situ conservation strategies for non-orthodox species, especially those facing in situ conservation threats.","PeriodicalId":38939,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Conservation Biology","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135560181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The future of fish and fisheries in Australia: prioritisation of research needs through a horizon scanning approach","authors":"S. Williams, I. Tibbetts, B. Holmes","doi":"10.1071/pc23020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/pc23020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38939,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Conservation Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59632660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An Indigenous-assisted cultural perspective on conservation of New Zealand soils and the biota dependent on them","authors":"V. Meyer","doi":"10.1071/pc22031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/pc22031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38939,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Conservation Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59631713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Rashni, Kelly T. Brown, P. McLenachan, P. Lockhart, P. Southgate, Monal M. Lal
{"title":"Leech breach: a first record of the invasive freshwater leech Helobdella europaea (Hirudinea: Glossiphoniidae) in Fiji","authors":"B. Rashni, Kelly T. Brown, P. McLenachan, P. Lockhart, P. Southgate, Monal M. Lal","doi":"10.1071/pc23017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/pc23017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38939,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Conservation Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59632789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra H. Nance, Melinda Wilson, Phoebe A. Burns, Carly N. Cook, Rohan H. Clarke
{"title":"Arboreal activity of invasive rodents: conservation implications for the control of an island pest","authors":"Alexandra H. Nance, Melinda Wilson, Phoebe A. Burns, Carly N. Cook, Rohan H. Clarke","doi":"10.1071/pc23011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/pc23011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38939,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Conservation Biology","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134884243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kerstin Glaus, Franziska Genter, Juerg M. Brunnschweiler
The bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas) is an apex predator with a wide distribution in tropical and warm temperate waters. This species is known to utilise freshwater systems and estuaries as nursery grounds. During a wider bull shark tagging survey in the Rewa River, Fiji, in 2017 and 2018, 27 neonate bull sharks with red eye pupils were recorded. This opportunistic observation prompted an examination of water quality parameters in the Rewa River to collect preliminary data on the potential cause of pollution. Water samples were analysed for faecal indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli), ammonia, total nitrogen, and various metals. Results indicated high levels of E. coli contamination, as well as elevated ammonia and total nitrogen concentrations. However, due to the limited sample size and the likelihood of additional underlying causes, a definitive causal relationship could not be established. Hence, this finding stands as an opportunistic observation, detailed here for documentation and stimulation of discourse.
{"title":"Red eyes in juvenile bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) from Fiji","authors":"Kerstin Glaus, Franziska Genter, Juerg M. Brunnschweiler","doi":"10.1071/pc23009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/pc23009","url":null,"abstract":"The bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas) is an apex predator with a wide distribution in tropical and warm temperate waters. This species is known to utilise freshwater systems and estuaries as nursery grounds. During a wider bull shark tagging survey in the Rewa River, Fiji, in 2017 and 2018, 27 neonate bull sharks with red eye pupils were recorded. This opportunistic observation prompted an examination of water quality parameters in the Rewa River to collect preliminary data on the potential cause of pollution. Water samples were analysed for faecal indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli), ammonia, total nitrogen, and various metals. Results indicated high levels of E. coli contamination, as well as elevated ammonia and total nitrogen concentrations. However, due to the limited sample size and the likelihood of additional underlying causes, a definitive causal relationship could not be established. Hence, this finding stands as an opportunistic observation, detailed here for documentation and stimulation of discourse.","PeriodicalId":38939,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Conservation Biology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136303915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ling, P. Richardson, J. Wiles, J. Darling, R. Dalton, M. Krogh
{"title":"Citizen science data validates aerial imagery to track the ‘rise and fall’ of woody vegetation through extremes of climate","authors":"J. Ling, P. Richardson, J. Wiles, J. Darling, R. Dalton, M. Krogh","doi":"10.1071/pc22032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/pc22032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38939,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Conservation Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59631760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael I. Grant, Y. Amepou, A. Chin, S. J. Hill, Dana Maggacis, M. Green
{"title":"An anecdotal observation of an amputee sawfish recapture and development of safe release guide for Papua New Guinea gillnet fisheries","authors":"Michael I. Grant, Y. Amepou, A. Chin, S. J. Hill, Dana Maggacis, M. Green","doi":"10.1071/pc22048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1071/pc22048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38939,"journal":{"name":"Pacific Conservation Biology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59632006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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