Nonlinearity provides a key functionality for a plurality of devices, effects, and systems. In this talk I show that both all-optical and electro-optical nonlinearity can be strongly enhanced at the slow-light effect epsilon-near-zero (ENZ). I share our recent experimental demonstrations including (a) temporally tailoring ENZ nonlinearity (Optics Letters 2020), (b) spectrally 400nm broadband ENZ enhancement, (b) GHz-fast yet micrometer-compact electro-optic modulator within a MZI-Silicon-ITO hybrid platform (OPTICA 2020, Scientific Reports 2021), and (c) Kramers-Kronig-enhanced electro-absorption modulator (NANOPHOTONICS 2019). Together, these technologies show that monolithic integration of TCO into PICs provides functionality beyond Silicon photonics with application in datacom, sensing, and neuromorphic computing.
{"title":"Giant and ultrafast nonlinearity with ENZ Photonics","authors":"V. Sorger","doi":"10.1117/12.2593060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2593060","url":null,"abstract":"Nonlinearity provides a key functionality for a plurality of devices, effects, and systems. In this talk I show that both all-optical and electro-optical nonlinearity can be strongly enhanced at the slow-light effect epsilon-near-zero (ENZ). I share our recent experimental demonstrations including (a) temporally tailoring ENZ nonlinearity (Optics Letters 2020), (b) spectrally 400nm broadband ENZ enhancement, (b) GHz-fast yet micrometer-compact electro-optic modulator within a MZI-Silicon-ITO hybrid platform (OPTICA 2020, Scientific Reports 2021), and (c) Kramers-Kronig-enhanced electro-absorption modulator (NANOPHOTONICS 2019). Together, these technologies show that monolithic integration of TCO into PICs provides functionality beyond Silicon photonics with application in datacom, sensing, and neuromorphic computing.","PeriodicalId":389503,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2021","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114510001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu. A. Gubanova, M. Shahabuddin, V. Gubanov, D. Keene, Á. Rab, A. Sadovnikov, N. Noginova
{"title":"Magnonic and plasmonic effects in permalloy metasurfaces","authors":"Yu. A. Gubanova, M. Shahabuddin, V. Gubanov, D. Keene, Á. Rab, A. Sadovnikov, N. Noginova","doi":"10.1117/12.2597181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2597181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":389503,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2021","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123695421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thin films of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are ideal for strong light-matter coupling. We demonstrate optically and electrically pumped near-infrared exciton-polaritons at room temperature and the possibility to tune between weak, strong and ultrastrong coupling in field-effect transistors [Nat. Mater. 2017, 16, 911] and electrochromic devices [ACS Photonics 2018, 5, 2074]. While these polaritons are observed in simple metal-clad microcavities, coherent coupling of carbon nanotube excitons with hybrid plasmon-photonic modes results in plasmon-exciton polaritons (‘plexcitons’) [Nano Lett. 2018, 18, 4927]. Furthermore, covalent functionalization of SWCNTs creates luminescent defects with red-shifted emission. Without changing the polariton branch structure, radiative pumping through these emissive defects leads to an up to 10-fold increase of the polariton population in microcavities with detunings for large photon fractions [ACS Photonics 2021, 8, 182].
{"title":"Tuning exciton-polariton populations in thin films of single-walled carbon nanotubes","authors":"J. Zaumseil","doi":"10.1117/12.2593828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2593828","url":null,"abstract":"Thin films of semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are ideal for strong light-matter coupling. We demonstrate optically and electrically pumped near-infrared exciton-polaritons at room temperature and the possibility to tune between weak, strong and ultrastrong coupling in field-effect transistors [Nat. Mater. 2017, 16, 911] and electrochromic devices [ACS Photonics 2018, 5, 2074]. While these polaritons are observed in simple metal-clad microcavities, coherent coupling of carbon nanotube excitons with hybrid plasmon-photonic modes results in plasmon-exciton polaritons (‘plexcitons’) [Nano Lett. 2018, 18, 4927]. Furthermore, covalent functionalization of SWCNTs creates luminescent defects with red-shifted emission. Without changing the polariton branch structure, radiative pumping through these emissive defects leads to an up to 10-fold increase of the polariton population in microcavities with detunings for large photon fractions [ACS Photonics 2021, 8, 182].","PeriodicalId":389503,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2021","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122380460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Simpkins, W. Ahn, K. Fears, J. Pietron, Adam D. Dunkelberger, J. Owrutsky
Materials with adaptable properties could impact optoelectronics (tunable sensors or filters) and chemical reactivity (triggered reactivity). It is widely known that strong material absorptions resonant with an optical cavity can lead to the formation of new hybrid light-matter states called polaritons. Strikingly, cavity-modified material properties (e.g., electrical conductivity, optical emission/absorption, chemical reaction rates and branching ratios) have been demonstrated and, the degree to which they are modified, shown to depend on the energy positions of these new hybrid states. Our work shows real-time tuning of these states through electrochemical cycling and optical excitation of the coupled species.
{"title":"On-demand modulation of cavity coupling","authors":"B. Simpkins, W. Ahn, K. Fears, J. Pietron, Adam D. Dunkelberger, J. Owrutsky","doi":"10.1117/12.2593617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2593617","url":null,"abstract":"Materials with adaptable properties could impact optoelectronics (tunable sensors or filters) and chemical reactivity (triggered reactivity). It is widely known that strong material absorptions resonant with an optical cavity can lead to the formation of new hybrid light-matter states called polaritons. Strikingly, cavity-modified material properties (e.g., electrical conductivity, optical emission/absorption, chemical reaction rates and branching ratios) have been demonstrated and, the degree to which they are modified, shown to depend on the energy positions of these new hybrid states. Our work shows real-time tuning of these states through electrochemical cycling and optical excitation of the coupled species.","PeriodicalId":389503,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2021","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132476752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Applications of topological photonics to light manipulation: from sorting to sub-wavelength confinement","authors":"G. Shvets","doi":"10.1117/12.2595191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2595191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":389503,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2021","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131304171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christina M Spaegele, M. Tamagnone, Dmitry Kazakov, M. Ossiander, M. Piccardo, F. Capasso
Metasurfaces are a promising platform to exceed their traditional counterparts not only in compactness but also for functionality. However, current designs are limited when trying to implement multiple, non-paraxial functions with a single metasurface as they are bound to either a small angular range or to low efficiencies. Here, we present a new non-local metasurface design that enables the implementation of multiple, independent functions with a large difference in deflection angle. We further demonstrate the capabilities of this approach for advanced control of light emission systems by creating a wavelength-tunable external cavity laser with holographic output based on such metasurface.
{"title":"External cavity lasers based on wide-angle multifunctional metasurfaces","authors":"Christina M Spaegele, M. Tamagnone, Dmitry Kazakov, M. Ossiander, M. Piccardo, F. Capasso","doi":"10.1117/12.2594753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594753","url":null,"abstract":"Metasurfaces are a promising platform to exceed their traditional counterparts not only in compactness but also for functionality. However, current designs are limited when trying to implement multiple, non-paraxial functions with a single metasurface as they are bound to either a small angular range or to low efficiencies. \u0000 \u0000Here, we present a new non-local metasurface design that enables the implementation of multiple, independent functions with a large difference in deflection angle. We further demonstrate the capabilities of this approach for advanced control of light emission systems by creating a wavelength-tunable external cavity laser with holographic output based on such metasurface.","PeriodicalId":389503,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2021","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114573580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Crossbar architectures are a highly popular platform in the electronics industry for enabling high-component density at the nanoscale, in today’s constantly shrinking electronic devices. These structures are akin to metal-insulator-metal (MIM) architectures widely used in nanophotonics and are key to the realization of a range of reconfigurable and addressable metasurfaces. Therefore, the application of nanophotonic design principles to such electronic platforms provides an unexplored path towards the integration of nanophotonic technologies into telecommunication and computing platforms. We show here that these crossbar-architectures can be engineered to act as addressable metasurfaces exhibiting, multispectral optical resonances forming the basis for next-generation optical computing systems, while still preserving their electronic functionality.
{"title":"Optically resonant crossbar metasurface architectures","authors":"A. Mandal, B. Gholipour","doi":"10.1117/12.2594299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594299","url":null,"abstract":"Crossbar architectures are a highly popular platform in the electronics industry for enabling high-component density at the nanoscale, in today’s constantly shrinking electronic devices. These structures are akin to metal-insulator-metal (MIM) architectures widely used in nanophotonics and are key to the realization of a range of reconfigurable and addressable metasurfaces. Therefore, the application of nanophotonic design principles to such electronic platforms provides an unexplored path towards the integration of nanophotonic technologies into telecommunication and computing platforms. We show here that these crossbar-architectures can be engineered to act as addressable metasurfaces exhibiting, multispectral optical resonances forming the basis for next-generation optical computing systems, while still preserving their electronic functionality.","PeriodicalId":389503,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2021","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117171739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Romain Tirole, Taran Attavar, J. Dranczewski, E. Galiffi, J. Pendry, S. Maier, S. Vezzoli, R. Sapienza
Time-varying metasurfaces have recently emerged as a new topic of interest for control of light at the nanoscale and exploration of fundamental physics. We demonstrate time diffraction from a time slit in an unstructured metasurface. In a pump-probe experiment, excitation of the Berreman mode of a thin film of Indium-Tin-Oxide over gold leads to strong, efficient all-optical modulation of the film, and to time diffraction of the probe. In comparison to previous works in unstructured epsilon-near-zero films, we obtain a 6 nm frequency shift and a 23 nm broadening using lower intensities and a significantly lower thickness of 40 nm, which demonstrates the minimal footprint of the structure. The deeply subwavelength nature of the sample makes a time-varying interpretation simple and efficient, paving the way for time-dependent architectures for ultrafast optical experiments.
{"title":"Efficient epsilon-near-zero metasurface for time-varying applications and time diffraction","authors":"Romain Tirole, Taran Attavar, J. Dranczewski, E. Galiffi, J. Pendry, S. Maier, S. Vezzoli, R. Sapienza","doi":"10.1117/12.2593924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2593924","url":null,"abstract":"Time-varying metasurfaces have recently emerged as a new topic of interest for control of light at the nanoscale and exploration of fundamental physics. We demonstrate time diffraction from a time slit in an unstructured metasurface. In a pump-probe experiment, excitation of the Berreman mode of a thin film of Indium-Tin-Oxide over gold leads to strong, efficient all-optical modulation of the film, and to time diffraction of the probe. In comparison to previous works in unstructured epsilon-near-zero films, we obtain a 6 nm frequency shift and a 23 nm broadening using lower intensities and a significantly lower thickness of 40 nm, which demonstrates the minimal footprint of the structure. The deeply subwavelength nature of the sample makes a time-varying interpretation simple and efficient, paving the way for time-dependent architectures for ultrafast optical experiments.","PeriodicalId":389503,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2021","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122750030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Over the past decades, we have witnessed tremendous progress and success of photonic metamaterials. By tailoring the geometry of the building blocks of metamaterials and engineering their spatial distribution, we can control the amplitude, polarization state, phase and trajectory of light in an almost arbitrary manner. However, the conventional physics- or rule-based approaches are insufficient for designing multi-functional and multi-dimensional metamaterials, since the degrees of freedom in the design space become extremely large. Deep learning, a subset of machine learning that learns multilevel abstraction of data using hierarchically structured layers, could potentially accelerate the development of complex metamaterials and other photonic structures with high efficiency, accuracy and fidelity. In this talk, I will present our recent works that employ advanced deep learning techniques to design and evaluate distinct photonic metamaterials.
{"title":"Interfacing photonics with artificial intelligence: a new design strategy for photonic metamaterials based on deep learning","authors":"Yongmin Liu","doi":"10.1117/12.2594169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594169","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decades, we have witnessed tremendous progress and success of photonic metamaterials. By tailoring the geometry of the building blocks of metamaterials and engineering their spatial distribution, we can control the amplitude, polarization state, phase and trajectory of light in an almost arbitrary manner. However, the conventional physics- or rule-based approaches are insufficient for designing multi-functional and multi-dimensional metamaterials, since the degrees of freedom in the design space become extremely large. Deep learning, a subset of machine learning that learns multilevel abstraction of data using hierarchically structured layers, could potentially accelerate the development of complex metamaterials and other photonic structures with high efficiency, accuracy and fidelity. In this talk, I will present our recent works that employ advanced deep learning techniques to design and evaluate distinct photonic metamaterials.","PeriodicalId":389503,"journal":{"name":"Metamaterials, Metadevices, and Metasystems 2021","volume":"188 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114140805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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