In any system that multiplexes resources, the problem of scheduling what computations run where and when is perhaps the most fundamental. Yet, like many other essential problems in computing (e.g., query optimization in databases), academic research in scheduling moves like a pendulum, with periods of intense activity followed by periods of dormancy when it is considered a "solved" problem. These three papers make significant contributions to an ongoing effort to develop better scheduling policies for modern computing systems. The papers highlight the need for better, more efficient, and more flexible OS schedulers; open up new areas of research; and demonstrate the importance of continued development and innovation in OS scheduling policies.
{"title":"OS Scheduling","authors":"Kostis Kaffes, P. Alvaro","doi":"10.1145/3595837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3595837","url":null,"abstract":"In any system that multiplexes resources, the problem of scheduling what computations run where and when is perhaps the most fundamental. Yet, like many other essential problems in computing (e.g., query optimization in databases), academic research in scheduling moves like a pendulum, with periods of intense activity followed by periods of dormancy when it is considered a \"solved\" problem. These three papers make significant contributions to an ongoing effort to develop better scheduling policies for modern computing systems. The papers highlight the need for better, more efficient, and more flexible OS schedulers; open up new areas of research; and demonstrate the importance of continued development and innovation in OS scheduling policies.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"21 1","pages":"88 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43588739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Evidence abounds that the human brain does not innately think scientifically; however, it can be taught to do so. The same species that forms cargo cults around widespread and unfounded beliefs in UFOs, ESP, and anything read on social media also produces scientific luminaries such as Sagan and Feynman. Today's cutting-edge LLMs are also not innately scientific. But unlike the human brain, there is good reason to believe they never will be unless new algorithmic paradigms are developed.
{"title":"Cargo Cult AI","authors":"Edlyn V. Levine","doi":"10.1145/3595860","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3595860","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence abounds that the human brain does not innately think scientifically; however, it can be taught to do so. The same species that forms cargo cults around widespread and unfounded beliefs in UFOs, ESP, and anything read on social media also produces scientific luminaries such as Sagan and Feynman. Today's cutting-edge LLMs are also not innately scientific. But unlike the human brain, there is good reason to believe they never will be unless new algorithmic paradigms are developed.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"21 1","pages":"66 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46308564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abi Noda, M. Storey, Nicole Forsgren, Michaela Greiler
Developer experience focuses on the lived experience of developers and the points of friction they encounter in their everyday work. In addition to improving productivity, DevEx drives business performance through increased efficiency, product quality, and employee retention. This paper provides a practical framework for understanding DevEx, and presents a measurement framework that combines feedback from developers with data about the engineering systems they interact with. These two frameworks provide leaders with clear, actionable insights into what to measure and where to focus in order to improve developer productivity.
{"title":"DevEx: What Actually Drives Productivity","authors":"Abi Noda, M. Storey, Nicole Forsgren, Michaela Greiler","doi":"10.1145/3595878","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3595878","url":null,"abstract":"Developer experience focuses on the lived experience of developers and the points of friction they encounter in their everyday work. In addition to improving productivity, DevEx drives business performance through increased efficiency, product quality, and employee retention. This paper provides a practical framework for understanding DevEx, and presents a measurement framework that combines feedback from developers with data about the engineering systems they interact with. These two frameworks provide leaders with clear, actionable insights into what to measure and where to focus in order to improve developer productivity.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"21 1","pages":"35 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48541554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The challenge of providing a safe communications environment in the face of such social engineering attacks isn't just the technology; it's also people. As anyone who has done serious work in computer security knows, the biggest problems are between the keyboard and the chair. Most people by default trust other people and are willing to give them the benefit of the doubt.
{"title":"The Human Touch","authors":"George Neville-Neil","doi":"10.1145/3595821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3595821","url":null,"abstract":"The challenge of providing a safe communications environment in the face of such social engineering attacks isn't just the technology; it's also people. As anyone who has done serious work in computer security knows, the biggest problems are between the keyboard and the chair. Most people by default trust other people and are willing to give them the benefit of the doubt.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"21 1","pages":"9 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49663145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
You don't need to do a full-scale benchmark any time you have a performance or capacity planning problem. A simple measurement will provide the bottleneck point of your system: This example program will get significantly slower after eight requests per second per CPU. That's often enough to tell you the most important thing: if you're going to fail.
{"title":"You Don't know Jack about Application Performance","authors":"David Collier-Brown","doi":"10.1145/3595862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3595862","url":null,"abstract":"You don't need to do a full-scale benchmark any time you have a performance or capacity planning problem. A simple measurement will provide the bottleneck point of your system: This example program will get significantly slower after eight requests per second per CPU. That's often enough to tell you the most important thing: if you're going to fail.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"21 1","pages":"54 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48242949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Privacy is an increasing concern, whether you are texting with a business associate or transmitting volumes of data over the Internet. Over the past few decades, cryptographic techniques have enabled privacy improvements in chat apps and other electronic forms of communication. Now researchers are on the brink of what could be the next big improvement in communication privacy: E2EEEE (End-to-End Encryption with Endpoint Elimination). This article is based on interviews with researchers who plan on presenting at a symposium on the topic scheduled for April 1, 2023.
{"title":"Improvement on End-to-End Encryption May Lead to Silent Revolution","authors":"Thomas A. Limoncelli","doi":"10.1145/3590144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3590144","url":null,"abstract":"Privacy is an increasing concern, whether you are texting with a business associate or transmitting volumes of data over the Internet. Over the past few decades, cryptographic techniques have enabled privacy improvements in chat apps and other electronic forms of communication. Now researchers are on the brink of what could be the next big improvement in communication privacy: E2EEEE (End-to-End Encryption with Endpoint Elimination). This article is based on interviews with researchers who plan on presenting at a symposium on the topic scheduled for April 1, 2023.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"21 1","pages":"10 - 13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47478327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new major revision of the C programming language standard is nearly upon us. C23 introduces pleasant conveniences, retains venerable traps for the unwary, and innovates a gratuitous catastrophe. A few steps forward, much sideways shuffling, and a drunken backward stumble into the fireplace come together in the official dance of C standardization, the Whiskey Tango Foxtrot.
{"title":"Catch-23: The New C Standard Sets the World on Fire","authors":"Terence Kelly, Yekai Pan","doi":"10.1145/3588242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588242","url":null,"abstract":"A new major revision of the C programming language standard is nearly upon us. C23 introduces pleasant conveniences, retains venerable traps for the unwary, and innovates a gratuitous catastrophe. A few steps forward, much sideways shuffling, and a drunken backward stumble into the fireplace come together in the official dance of C standardization, the Whiskey Tango Foxtrot.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"21 1","pages":"12 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42791184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Opportunity cost should not be an afterthought when making security decisions. One way to ease into considering complex alternatives is to consider the null baseline of doing nothing instead of the choice at hand. Opportunity cost can feel abstract, elusive, and imprecise, but it can be understood by everyone, given the right introduction and framing. Using the approach presented here will make it natural and accessible.
{"title":"Opportunity Cost and Missed Chances in Optimizing Cybersecurity","authors":"Kelly Shortridge, J. Dykstra","doi":"10.1145/3588041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3588041","url":null,"abstract":"Opportunity cost should not be an afterthought when making security decisions. One way to ease into considering complex alternatives is to consider the null baseline of doing nothing instead of the choice at hand. Opportunity cost can feel abstract, elusive, and imprecise, but it can be understood by everyone, given the right introduction and framing. Using the approach presented here will make it natural and accessible.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"21 1","pages":"30 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45527854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents our experience updating the high-performance Digital forensics tool BE (bulk_extractor) a decade after its initial release. Between 2018 and 2022, we updated the program from C++98 to C++17. We also performed a complete code refactoring and adopted a unit test framework. DF tools must be frequently updated to keep up with changes in the ways they are used. A description of updates to the bulk_extractor tool serves as an example of what can and should be done.
{"title":"Sharpening Your Tools","authors":"S. Garfinkel, Jonathan Stewart","doi":"10.1145/3587827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3587827","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents our experience updating the high-performance Digital forensics tool BE (bulk_extractor) a decade after its initial release. Between 2018 and 2022, we updated the program from C++98 to C++17. We also performed a complete code refactoring and adopted a unit test framework. DF tools must be frequently updated to keep up with changes in the ways they are used. A description of updates to the bulk_extractor tool serves as an example of what can and should be done.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":" ","pages":"30 - 56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46825134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alfred Spector, Peter Norvig, Chris Wiggins, Jeannette Wing, Ben Fried, Michael Tingley
Dramatic advances in the ability to gather, store, and process data have led to the rapid growth of data science and its mushrooming impact on nearly all aspects of the economy and society. Data science has also had a huge effect on academic disciplines with new research agendas, new degrees, and organizational entities. The authors of a new textbook, Data Science in Context: Foundations, Challenges, Opportunities, share their ideas about the impact of the field on nearly all aspects of the economy and society.
{"title":"More Than Just Algorithms","authors":"Alfred Spector, Peter Norvig, Chris Wiggins, Jeannette Wing, Ben Fried, Michael Tingley","doi":"10.1145/3587481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3587481","url":null,"abstract":"Dramatic advances in the ability to gather, store, and process data have led to the rapid growth of data science and its mushrooming impact on nearly all aspects of the economy and society. Data science has also had a huge effect on academic disciplines with new research agendas, new degrees, and organizational entities. The authors of a new textbook, Data Science in Context: Foundations, Challenges, Opportunities, share their ideas about the impact of the field on nearly all aspects of the economy and society.","PeriodicalId":39042,"journal":{"name":"Queue","volume":"451 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135782434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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