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Build Insight, Change Thinking, Inform Action: Considerations for Increasing the Number of Indigenous Students in Canadian Physical Therapy Programmes. 建立洞察力,改变思维,告知行动:增加加拿大物理治疗项目中土著学生数量的考虑。
Pub Date : 2019-03-01 DOI: 10.3138/PTC.2018-14.E
Jason Cox, V. Kapil, Aindrea N McHugh, Jaya Sam, K. Gasparelli, S. Nixon
Purpose: We explored the perspectives of experts on increasing the recruitment of Indigenous students into Canadian physical therapy (PT) programmes. Methods: For this qualitative interpretivist study, we conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with individuals with expertise in encouraging Indigenous students to pursue higher education, recruiting them into PT programmes, or both. Data were organized using NVivo and analyzed using the DEPICT method, which included inductive and deductive coding to develop broader themes. Results: Analyzing the participants' perspectives revealed three themes, which could be layered sequentially, so that each informed the next: (1) building insight by increasing awareness of structural forces and barriers; (2) changing thinking, using a paradigm shift, from the dominant Eurocentric orientation to a view that respects the sovereignty and self-determination of Indigenous peoples; and (3) informing action by recommending practical strategies to facilitate the recruitment of Indigenous students into Canadian PT programmes. Conclusions: This is the first study to provide evidence of the structural considerations, barriers to, and facilitators of increasing the recruitment of Indigenous students into Canadian PT programmes.
目的:我们探讨了专家对增加加拿大物理治疗(PT)项目招收土著学生的观点。方法:在这项定性解释主义研究中,我们对在鼓励土著学生接受高等教育、招募他们参加PT计划或两者兼而有之方面具有专业知识的个人进行了深入的半结构化访谈。使用NVivo组织数据,并使用描述方法进行分析,其中包括归纳和演绎编码,以开发更广泛的主题。结果:通过分析参与者的观点,可以发现三个主题,这些主题可以依次分层,以便每个主题都能告知下一个主题:(1)通过提高对结构力量和障碍的认识来建立洞察力;(2)通过范式转换,从主流的欧洲中心取向转变为尊重土著人民主权和自决的观点;(3)通过建议切实可行的策略来促进土著学生进入加拿大体育课程,从而为行动提供信息。结论:这是第一个研究提供证据的结构性因素,障碍和促进增加土著学生招生到加拿大体育项目。
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引用次数: 3
Clinical Performance Scores of Internationally Educated Physical Therapists during Clinical Education in a Bridging Programme. 国际教育物理治疗师在过渡性临床教育中的临床表现得分。
Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.3138/PTC.2018-10.E
M. Kalu, S. Switzer-McIntyre, M. Quesnel, C. Donnelly, K. Norman
Purpose: We describe the numerical ratings assigned by clinical instructors to the performance of internationally educated physical therapists (IEPTs) during their clinical internships while enrolled in a bridging programme. Method: We conducted a secondary analysis of the quantitative data for IEPT learners attending the Ontario Internationally Educated Physical Therapist Bridging Program using the Canadian Physiotherapy Assessment of Clinical Performance (ACP) tool. We extracted the scores from each IEPT's ACP form at the midterm and final evaluations for two internships and conducted a descriptive analysis. Results: We obtained 318 data sets for 61 IEPTs. By the final point of the second internship, (1) items about communication pertaining to ethical professional relationships, conducting oneself within legal and ethical requirements, and respecting the individuality and autonomy of the client had high mean ratings; (2) most items rated achieved advanced intermediate performance and many indicated entry-level performance; and (3) most IEPTs (84%) either had high scores throughout or improved from lower scores to at least advanced intermediate performance. Conclusions: Items relating to professional conduct and effective communication in professional relationships were relatively high among the IEPTs. By the end of the second internship, most IEPTs in this bridging programme had improved their clinical performance toward or up to the entry-level standard for Canadian physiotherapists.
目的:我们描述了临床讲师对国际教育物理治疗师(IEPTs)在临床实习期间的表现进行的数值评分,同时参加了一个过渡性项目。方法:我们使用加拿大物理治疗临床表现评估(ACP)工具对参加安大略省国际教育物理治疗师桥接项目的IEPT学习者的定量数据进行了二次分析。我们从两个实习项目的中期和期末评估中提取了每个IEPT的ACP表格的分数,并进行了描述性分析。结果:共获得61例IEPTs的318个数据集。到第二次实习的最后一点,(1)与职业道德关系相关的沟通、在法律和道德要求下行事、尊重客户的个性和自主权的项目平均得分较高;(2)大多数项目达到了高级中级性能,许多项目达到了初级性能;(3)大多数IEPTs(84%)要么在整个过程中获得高分,要么从低分提高到至少是高级中级成绩。结论:iept在职业行为和职业关系中的有效沟通方面得分较高。在第二次实习结束时,这个衔接项目中的大多数iept已经提高了他们的临床表现,达到了加拿大物理治疗师的入门级标准。
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引用次数: 1
Inter-Instrument Reliability and Agreement of Fitbit Charge Measurements of Heart Rate and Activity at Rest, during the Modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test, and in Recovery. Fitbit充电测量心率和活动的仪器间可靠性和一致性在休息时,在改良的加拿大有氧体能测试期间,在恢复。
Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.3138/PTC.2018-25
G. Nazari, J. Macdermid, K. Sinden, J. Richardson, A. Tang
Purpose: We determined the inter-instrument reliability and agreement parameters of the Fitbit Charge Heart Rate (Charge HR) device during three phases: rest, modified Canadian Aerobic Fitness Test (mCAFT), and recovery. Method: We recruited 60 participants for this cross-sectional measurement study using convenience and snowball sampling approaches. The performance of the Charge HR was assessed throughout the rest, mCAFT, and recovery phases. To establish inter-instrument reliability, the Charge HR variables - heart rate, steps taken, and energy expenditures - were compared with those for two other devices: the Zephyr BioHarness (ZB) for heart rate and the Fitbit One for steps taken and energy expenditure. Measurements were recorded every 30 seconds. Results: At rest, the inter-instrument intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) (standard error of measurement [SEM]) for the Charge HR versus the ZB was ≥ 0.97 (range, min-max, 1.02-1.32). During the mCAFT and in recovery, the ICCs (SEMs) for the Charge HR and the ZB were ≥ 0.89 (range, min-max, 1.30-3.98) and ≥ 0.68 (range, min-max, 3.58-8.35), respectively. During the mCAFT only, the number of steps taken and the energy expenditure recorded by the Charge HR and the Fitbit One displayed ICCs (SEMs) of 0.97 (83.00) and 0.77 (14.70), respectively. The average agreement differences in heart rate in this pair-wise device comparison indicated mean differences of -0.20, 4.00, and 1.00 beats per minute at rest, during the mCAFT, and in recovery, respectively. Conclusions: The Charge HR heart rate variable demonstrated excellent inter-instrument reliability compared with the ZB and provided good levels of agreement. The steps taken and energy expenditure variables displayed excellent reliability measures between Charge HR and Fitbit One. Our findings may be used to capture field-based wireless measures of heart rate in various phases and provide information about possibly using the Charge HR and ZB devices interchangeably.
目的:我们确定Fitbit充电心率(Charge HR)装置在休息、改良加拿大有氧体能测试(mCAFT)和恢复三个阶段的仪器间可靠性和一致性参数。方法:采用方便抽样法和滚雪球抽样法对60名被试进行横断面测量研究。在休息、mCAFT和恢复阶段对Charge HR的性能进行评估。为了建立仪器间的可靠性,将Charge HR变量——心率、采取的步数和能量消耗——与另外两种设备的变量进行比较:Zephyr BioHarness (ZB)用于心率,Fitbit One用于步数和能量消耗。每30秒记录一次测量值。结果:静息时,Charge HR与ZB的仪器间类内相关系数(ICC)(测量标准误差[SEM])≥0.97(范围,min-max, 1.02-1.32)。在mCAFT和恢复期间,电荷HR和ZB的ICCs (SEMs)分别≥0.89(范围,min-max, 1.30 ~ 3.98)和≥0.68(范围,min-max, 3.58 ~ 8.35)。仅在mCAFT期间,Charge HR和Fitbit One记录的步数和能量消耗显示的ICCs (sem)分别为0.97(83.00)和0.77(14.70)。在这种两两设备比较中,心率的平均一致性差异表明,休息时、mCAFT期间和恢复时的平均差异分别为-0.20、4.00和1.00次/分钟。结论:与ZB相比,Charge HR心率变量表现出良好的仪器间可靠性,并提供了良好的一致性。采取的步骤和能量消耗变量在Charge HR和Fitbit One之间显示了出色的可靠性措施。我们的研究结果可用于捕获不同阶段的基于现场的无线心率测量,并提供可能交替使用Charge HR和ZB设备的信息。
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引用次数: 11
Characteristics of Lower Limb Muscle Strength, Balance, Mobility, and Function in Older Women with Urge and Mixed Urinary Incontinence: An Observational Pilot Study. 老年女性急迫性和混合性尿失禁患者下肢肌肉力量、平衡、活动和功能的特征:一项观察性先导研究
Pub Date : 2019-02-27 DOI: 10.3138/PTC.2018-30
M. Le Berre, M. Morin, H. Corriveau, M. Hamel, S. Nadeau, J. Filiatrault, C. Dumoulin
Purpose: After the age of 65, urinary incontinence (UI) occurs in one of every two women. A positive correlation between falls and urgency UI (UUI) or mixed UI (MUI) has also been identified. However, lower extremity impairments in older women with UUI or MUI have not been thoroughly investigated. The primary goal of this study was to compare lower limb strength, balance, mobility, and function in older women with and without UUI or MUI. The secondary goal was to evaluate the association between these measurements and UI severity. Method: A total of 40 older women with and without UUI or MUI completed standardized tests for lower limb strength (knee flexor or extensor dynamometry, 30-second sit-to-stand test), balance (single-leg stance test, Four Square Step Test, Activities-specific Balance Confidence questionnaire), mobility (10-metre walk test, 6-minute walk test), and function (Human Activity Profile questionnaire, 12-Item Short Form Health Survey). Results: Significant differences in balance and mobility were observed between the two groups. Women with UI had shorter single-leg stance times, lower balance confidence scores, and slower gait speeds. Conclusions: The results from this pilot study suggest that high-functioning older women with UUI or MUI have balance and mobility impairments. More studies are needed to confirm these results. By reporting power calculations for sample size, this pilot study provides a useful basis on which to design and conduct larger studies.
目的:65岁以后,每两个女性中就有一个发生尿失禁(UI)。跌倒与急迫性UI (UUI)或混合性UI (MUI)之间也存在正相关。然而,老年妇女UUI或MUI的下肢损伤尚未得到彻底调查。本研究的主要目的是比较老年妇女下肢力量、平衡、活动能力和功能在有和没有UUI或MUI。第二个目标是评估这些测量与UI严重程度之间的关联。方法:共有40名老年女性(有或没有UUI或MUI)完成了下肢力量(膝关节屈肌或伸肌动力测量,30秒坐立测试)、平衡(单腿站立测试、四方步测试、特定活动平衡信心问卷)、活动能力(10米步行测试、6分钟步行测试)和功能(人类活动问卷、12项简短健康调查)的标准化测试。结果:两组患者在平衡和活动能力方面有显著差异。患有尿失速的女性单腿站立时间较短,平衡信心得分较低,步态速度较慢。结论:这项初步研究的结果表明,患有UUI或MUI的高功能老年妇女存在平衡和行动障碍。需要更多的研究来证实这些结果。通过报告样本量的功率计算,本初步研究为设计和开展更大规模的研究提供了有用的基础。
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引用次数: 11
A Comparative Analysis of Physiotherapy for Stress Urinary Incontinence after Open or Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy. 开放性或机器人辅助根治性前列腺切除术后压力性尿失禁的物理治疗对比分析。
Pub Date : 2017-09-12 DOI: 10.3138/PTC.2017-90
Anika Sehgal, R. Baverstock, Ian Wright, C. Frey, Trafford Crump, K. Carlson
Purpose: We determined whether the patient-reported benefits of physiotherapy for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) symptoms differ significantly between men who have had open prostatectomy and those who have had robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. Method: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data collected from the Rapid Access Clinic 4 offered by the Prostate Cancer Centre in Calgary, Alberta. Baseline characteristics were measured at the pre-surgery appointment, including demographics, health factors, and potential risk factors for SUI. Patient-reported SUI symptoms were measured pre- and post-surgery using the global score of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence. Results: Data from 56 men were included in the analysis, evenly split between the open and robotic sub-groups. At 3 months post-surgery, no statistically significant differences were found in the factors associated with incontinence between the two sub-groups. There was a statistically significant improvement in self-reported incontinence symptom severity from 3-month to 2-year follow-up for both sub-groups. Physiotherapy did not differentially affect either sub-group in a significant way. Conclusions: The self-reported benefits of physiotherapy for SUI symptoms did not differ significantly between the two types of prostatectomy surgery at 2 years post-surgery.
目的:我们确定患者报告的物理治疗对压力性尿失禁(SUI)症状的益处在接受开放式前列腺切除术的男性和接受机器人辅助腹腔镜前列腺切除术的男性之间是否有显著差异。方法:我们对阿尔伯塔省卡尔加里前列腺癌中心提供的快速通道诊所收集的数据进行了回顾性分析。在术前预约时测量基线特征,包括人口统计学、健康因素和SUI的潜在危险因素。采用尿失禁国际咨询问卷-尿失禁的全球评分来测量术前和术后患者报告的SUI症状。结果:来自56名男性的数据被纳入分析,平均分为开放式和机器人亚组。术后3个月,两亚组尿失禁相关因素差异无统计学意义。随访3个月至2年,两组患者自我报告的失禁症状严重程度均有统计学显著改善。物理治疗对两个亚组均无显著影响。结论:两种前列腺切除术术后2年,自我报告的物理治疗对SUI症状的益处无显著差异。
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引用次数: 0
La version franco-canadienne de l'outil Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 法加联合多系统评价评估(AMSTAR)
Pub Date : 2017-02-01 DOI: 10.3138/ptc.2015-80F
L. Brosseau, C. Laroche, P. Guitard, J. King, S. Poitras, L. Casimiro, Julie Alexandra Barette, Dominique Cardinal, S. Cavallo, L. Laferrière, Rose Martini, Nicholas Champoux, Jennifer Taverne, C. Paquette, S. Tremblay, Anne Sutton, R. Galipeau, J. Tourigny, K. Toupin-April, Laurianne Loew, Catrine Demers, Katrine Sauvé-Schenk, N. Paquet, Jacinthe Savard, J. Lagacé, Denyse Pharand, V. Vaillancourt
Objectives: The primary objective was to produce a French-Canadian translation of AMSTAR (a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews) and to examine the validity of the translation's contents. The secondary and tertiary objectives were to assess the inter-rater reliability and factorial construct validity of this French-Canadian version of AMSTAR. Methods: A modified approach to Vallerand's methodology (1989) for cross-cultural validation was used.1 First, a parallel back-translation of AMSTAR2 was performed, by both professionals and future professionals. Next, a first committee of experts (P1) examined the translations to create a first draft of the French-Canadian version of the AMSTAR tool. This draft was then evaluated and modified by a second committee of experts (P2). Following that, 18 future professionals (master's students in physiotherapy) rated this second draft of the instrument for clarity using a seven-point scale (1: very clear; 7: very ambiguous). Lastly, the principal co-investigators then reviewed the problematic elements and proposed final changes. Four independent raters used this French-Canadian version of AMSTAR to assess 20 systematic reviews that were published in French after the year 2000. An intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and kappa coefficient were calculated to measure the tool's inter-rater reliability. A Cronbach's alpha coefficient was also calculated to measure internal consistency. In addition, factor analysis was used to evaluate construct validity in order to determine the number of dimensions. Results: The statements on the final version of the AMSTAR tool received an average ambiguity rating of between 1.0 and 1.4. No statement received an average rating below 1.4, which indicates a high level of clarity. Inter-rater reliability (n=4) for the instrument's total score was moderate, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.61 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.29, 0.97). Inter-rater reliability for 82% of the individual items was good, according to the kappa values obtained. Internal consistency was excellent, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.91 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.99). The French-Canadian version of AMSTAR is a unidimensional tool, as confirmed by factor analysis and community values greater than 0.30. Conclusion: A valid French-Canadian version of AMSTAR was created using this rigorous five-step process. This version is unidimensional, with moderate inter-rater reliability for the elements overall, and with excellent internal consistency. This tool could be valuable to French-Canadian professionals and researchers, and could also be of interest to the international Francophone community.
目的:主要目的是制作AMSTAR(一种评估系统评价的测量工具)的法加翻译,并检查翻译内容的有效性。第二和第三目的是评估这个法加版本的AMSTAR的评分者间信度和析因结构效度。方法:对Vallerand的方法(1989)进行修改,以进行跨文化验证首先,由专业人员和未来的专业人员对AMSTAR2进行平行反翻译。接下来,第一个专家委员会(P1)检查翻译,以创建AMSTAR工具的法语-加拿大版本的初稿。该草案随后由第二个专家委员会(P2)进行评估和修改。随后,18名未来的专业人士(物理治疗专业的硕士生)用7分制(1:非常清楚;7:非常暧昧)。最后,主要的共同调查人员审查了有问题的因素,并提出了最终的修改建议。四个独立的评级者使用这个法加版本的AMSTAR来评估2000年以后用法语发表的20篇系统评论。计算了类内相关系数(ICC)和kappa系数来衡量工具的类间可靠性。还计算了Cronbach’s alpha系数来衡量内部一致性。此外,采用因子分析评估构念效度,以确定构念的维度数。结果:AMSTAR工具最终版本的语句平均歧义评分在1.0到1.4之间。没有一份报告的平均评分低于1.4分,这表明清晰度很高。该仪器总分的评分间信度(n=4)为中等,类内相关系数为0.61(95%可信区间[CI]: 0.29, 0.97)。根据获得的kappa值,82%的个别项目的评估间信度良好。内部一致性极好,Cronbach's alpha系数为0.91 (95% CI: 0.83, 0.99)。因子分析和群落值均大于0.30证实,法加版AMSTAR是一个单向度工具。结论:采用严格的五步流程,建立了一个有效的法加版本的AMSTAR。这个版本是单维的,对元素整体来说具有中等的内部可靠性,并且具有出色的内部一致性。这个工具对法裔加拿大专业人员和研究人员很有价值,也可能对国际法语社区感兴趣。
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引用次数: 2
Clinician's Commentary on Coghlan et al.1. 临床医师对Coghlan等人的评论。
Pub Date : 2017-01-30 DOI: 10.3138/ptc.2016-23E-CC
Brenda Mori
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引用次数: 0
Clinician's Commentary on Yoon et al.1. 临床医师对Yoon等人的评论。
Pub Date : 2017-01-30 DOI: 10.3138/ptc.2015-52-CC
J. King
INTERPROFESSIONAL MENTORING An interesting finding of this work was that the physiotherapist participants acknowledged that they provided mentoring to their interprofessional colleagues. Other researchers have noted this from the mentees’ perspective, including that of newly graduated Canadian occupational therapists transitioning from university to their 1st year of practice. Darene Toal-Sullivan6 found that the support of colleagues and peers was critical to new graduates’ learning and eased the adjustment from student to occupational therapist. Toal-Sullivan noted in her qualitative study that ‘‘mentoring was evident in collaborative approaches to learning among colleagues and clients who provided guidance and support to the participants’’ and that ‘‘the participants most frequently learned in collaboration with physiotherapists, during collaborative activities such as carrying out components of clients’ evaluation and treatment together and problem-solving practice situations.’’6(p519)
这项工作的一个有趣的发现是,物理治疗师参与者承认他们为他们的跨专业同事提供指导。其他研究人员从学员的角度注意到这一点,包括刚毕业的加拿大职业治疗师从大学过渡到第一年的实践。Darene total - sullivan 6发现,同事和同伴的支持对新毕业生的学习至关重要,并有助于从学生到职业治疗师的调整。total - sullivan在她的定性研究中指出,“在同事和客户之间为参与者提供指导和支持的合作学习方法中,指导是很明显的”,“参与者在与物理治疗师合作的过程中,在合作活动中,如一起执行客户评估和治疗的组成部分,以及解决问题的实践情境中,最经常地学习。”
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引用次数: 0
Values and Principles of Teaching Critical Disability Studies in a Physical Therapy Curriculum - Part 2: Pedagogical Imperatives and Teaching Innovations. 物理治疗课程中关键残疾研究教学的价值和原则-第2部分:教学要求和教学创新。
Pub Date : 2017-01-30 DOI: 10.3138/ptc.69.1.GEE2
Karen K. Yoshida, Hazel Self, H. Willis, Natalie Rose
In Part 1 of this two-part editorial, we focused on de-scribing and discussing critical disability studies (CDS) and the values needed to lead and teach CDS scholarship in a non-CDS academic space, such as a physical therapy (PT) curriculum. To briefly summarize, we presented a four-point CDS value framework for a PT curriculum that focuses on (1) embracing and working from a CDS standpoint and that of other critical social science litera-ture, (2) stating one’s relationship to disability, (3) valuing the knowledge of disabled people or the lived experience of disability, and (4) learning from, and working in regular partnership with, disability rights communities and disability consumer–led organizations.
在这篇由两部分组成的社论的第一部分中,我们重点描述和讨论了批判性残疾研究(CDS),以及在非CDS学术空间(如物理治疗(PT)课程)中领导和教授CDS奖学金所需的价值观。简而言之,我们为PT课程提出了一个四点CDS价值框架,其重点是(1)从CDS的立场和其他重要的社会科学文献中接受和工作,(2)陈述一个人与残疾的关系,(3)重视残疾人的知识或残疾的生活经验,(4)向残疾人权利社区和残疾人消费者主导的组织学习,并与之定期合作。
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引用次数: 2
Clinician's Commentary on Figueiredo et al.1. Figueiredo等人的临床评论
Pub Date : 2017-01-30 DOI: 10.3138/ptc.2015-68-CC
S. Harrison
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引用次数: 0
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Physiotherapy Canada. Physiotherapie Canada
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