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Impact of Magnetic Field Inhomogeneity on the Quality of Magnetic Resonance Images and Compensation Techniques: A Review 磁场不均匀性对磁共振图像质量的影响及补偿技术综述
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-10-01 DOI: 10.2147/rmi.s369491
Eric Naab Manson, S. Inkoom, A. N. Mumuni
Background: Magnetic field inhomogeneity in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is caused by the inherent properties of the main magnet, external ferromagnetic components surrounding the magnet, and the patient itself. Significant deviations from magnetic field inhomogeneity can create artifacts in MRI images, thereby compromising image quality. Optimizing magnetic field homogeneity improves image quality and helps to reduce artifacts. The goal of this article therefore is to help radiographers and operators of MRI understand the clinical basis of magnetic field inhomogeneity and its effects on MR images. This would assist them to appreciate the trade-offs between sequence parameters and image quality metrics towards optimizing magnetic field inhomogeneity. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted from relevant databases using search terms such as MRI, magnetic field inhomogeneity, optimization, magnetic field inhomogeneity artifacts, and MRI shimming. Results: Minimizing field inhomogeneities in MRI is not straightforward but involves a multitude of factors and steps. Magnetic field homogeneity could be optimized to improve MR image quality by choosing the most appropriate pulse sequence/imaging parameters that could best minimize distortion and increase SNR based on the anatomical region of interest (or tissue types) while complementing it with shimming and use of dielectric pads. Conclusion: Future works to investigate the association between the MRI pulse sequence parameters and measurements of MR image quality metrics, based on individual tissue densities, could provide a new window for reducing magnetic field inhomogeneity due to susceptibility and chemical shift effects.
背景:磁共振成像(MRI)中的磁场不均匀性是由主磁体、磁体周围的外部铁磁组件和患者自身的固有特性引起的。与磁场不均匀性的显著偏差可能在MRI图像中产生伪影,从而损害图像质量。优化磁场均匀性可以提高图像质量,并有助于减少伪影。因此,本文的目的是帮助MRI的放射技师和操作员了解磁场不均匀性的临床基础及其对MR图像的影响。这将有助于他们理解序列参数和图像质量度量之间的权衡,以优化磁场不均匀性。方法:使用MRI、磁场不均匀性、优化、磁场不一致性伪影和MRI匀场等搜索术语,从相关数据库中进行叙述性文献综述。结果:最小化MRI中的场不均匀性并不是一件简单的事,而是涉及到许多因素和步骤。可以基于感兴趣的解剖区域(或组织类型)选择最合适的脉冲序列/成像参数来优化磁场均匀性,以提高MR图像质量,该参数可以最佳地最小化失真并提高SNR,同时通过匀场和使用介电垫来补充。结论:未来基于个体组织密度研究MRI脉冲序列参数与MR图像质量指标测量之间的相关性的工作,可以为减少由于磁化率和化学位移效应引起的磁场不均匀性提供一个新的窗口。
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引用次数: 2
Lung Perfusion Assessment in Pulmonary Embolism: Novel Semi-Automatic Lung Perfusion Software in Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography Compared to Traditional Lung Perfusion Scintigraphy 肺栓塞中的肺灌注评估:计算机断层扫描中的新型半自动肺灌注软件肺血管造影与传统肺灌注闪烁扫描的比较
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.2147/rmi.s355965
G. Lastella, A. Esposito, A. Scarabelli, G. Plensich, Elvira Stellato, E. Avola, C. Giannitto, M. Castellani, M. Cuzzocrea, L. Bonomo, G. Carrafiello
Purpose: To compare the diagnostic performance of lung perfusion colormaps derived from computed tomography pulmonary angiography (cmCTPA) by novel semi-automatic post-processing software, with lung perfusion scintigraphy (LPS), for detection of lung perfusion defects (LPDs) in pulmonary embolism (PE). Patients and Methods: Consecutive patients from January 2016 to April 2020 who underwent both computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and LPS within 7 days of each other, to rule out PE, were retrospectively enrolled. cmCTPA images were obtained from CTPA images using semi-automatic post-processing software (Pulmonary Artery Analysis, Intellispace Portal Release 11, Philips). The diagnosis of LPD was assessed on LPS images by two nuclear medicine physicians in consensus; CTPA and cmCTPA images were evaluated by two radiologists in consensus, blind to the LPS results. The spatial location of the LPD was assessed according to Boyden’s nomenclature. Agreement between LPS and cmCTPA in the diagnosis of LPD was tested using Cohen’s kappa. Results: Fifty-three patients were enrolled. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value (NPV) of cmCTPA were, respectively, 100%, 40%, 73%, and 100%; disease prevalence was 67%, accuracy was 77%, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were 1.67 and 0, respectively. An almost perfect agreement was found between cmCPTA and LPS in 13 segments (72%) and a substantial agreement was found in the remaining five segments (28%). Conclusion: cmCTPA, owing to its NPV (100%) and its overall high agreement in the number and location of LPDs compared to LPS, may have an upcoming role in the evaluation of lung perfusion in PE.
目的:比较通过新型半自动后处理软件从计算机断层扫描肺血管造影术(cmCTPA)获得的肺灌注彩色图与肺灌注闪烁扫描术(LPS)对肺栓塞(PE)中肺灌注缺陷(LPD)的诊断性能。患者和方法:回顾性纳入2016年1月至2020年4月连续接受计算机断层扫描肺动脉造影(CTPA)和LPS治疗的患者,以排除PE。使用半自动后处理软件(肺动脉分析,Intellispace Portal Release 11,Philips)从CTPA图像获得cmCTPA图像。LPD的诊断是由两位核医学医生在LPS图像上一致评估的;CTPA和cmCTPA图像由两名放射科医生一致评估,对LPS结果视而不见。LPD的空间位置是根据Boyden的命名法进行评估的。LPS和cmCTPA在LPD诊断中的一致性使用Cohen’s kappa进行测试。结果:53名患者入选。cmCTPA的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值(NPV)分别为100%、40%、73%和100%;疾病患病率为67%,准确率为77%,阳性和阴性似然比分别为1.67和0。在13个片段(72%)中发现cmCPTA和LPS之间几乎完全一致,在其余5个片段(28%)中发现基本一致。结论:cmCTPA由于其NPV(100%)及其与LPS相比在LPD的数量和位置方面的总体高度一致性,可能在PE的肺灌注评估中发挥即将到来的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Nurses’ Roles in Managing Patient Anxiety Before MRI Scans Using Informative Video 护士在MRI扫描前使用信息视频管理患者焦虑中的作用
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.2147/rmi.s353700
Ali Alghamdi, Maaidah M Algamdi, K. Alatawi, Basmah K. Alghamdi, H. Alanazi, Shumukh Alamri, Somiah Alamri, Z. ALBishi
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become one of the most essential diagnostic medical imaging techniques. The most common disadvantage of MRI is that patients may feel anxious before the examination, which can negatively affect them, prevent them from attending or completing the examinations, and cause patient movement during the examination, which accordingly results in misinterpretation issues. Recently, several methods have been suggested to reduce MRI anxiety. Our study aimed to examine nurses’ roles in reducing the levels of patient anxiety during pre-MRI scans by using informative video. Methods: A cross-sectional and interventional study was conducted among MRI patients in Tabuk City. A convenience sample of 16 patients as the case group and 28 patients as the control group was included. A 2-minute informative video clip containing comprehensive instructions about MRI was recorded by the research team in the MRI room and introduced to patients 30 minutes before the scan in the waiting area. An Arabic version questionnaire (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) was used to measure the pre-MRI-related anxiety of patients in the case and control groups. State-trait anxiety scores were analyzed and compared between groups. Median pulse, oxygen saturation, and blood pressure were also compared between the cases and control groups using a p-value of 0.05. Results: The state anxiety score was significantly higher in cases compared to controls. However, the trait anxiety score was not significantly different between cases and controls. Females showed significantly higher state anxiety scores in the cases than in the controls. Based on the previous MRI experience, the cases group who had undergone a previous MRI had significantly higher state anxiety scores than those in the control group. Based on the educational degree, cases with bachelor’s degree had higher state anxiety scores than their counterparts in the control group. Conclusion: The present study showed that the self-made visual tool used by nurses 30 minutes before MRI scan did not reduce the level of anxiety significantly in patients. However, state anxiety scores increased in females, patients with previous MRI experience, and patients with a higher educational degree. Healthcare professionals may need to consider the negative effect of informative video before MRI. anxiolytic or audio-guided self-hypnosis techniques to reduce patients’ anxiety before MRI.
背景:磁共振成像(MRI)已成为最重要的诊断医学成像技术之一。MRI最常见的缺点是,患者可能在检查前感到焦虑,这可能会对他们产生负面影响,阻止他们参加或完成检查,并导致患者在检查期间移动,从而导致误解问题。最近,已经提出了几种方法来减少MRI焦虑。我们的研究旨在通过使用信息视频来检查护士在MRI扫描前降低患者焦虑水平方面的作用。方法:对塔布克市的MRI患者进行横断面和介入性研究。包括16名患者作为病例组和28名患者作为对照组的方便样本。研究小组在MRI室录制了一段2分钟的信息视频剪辑,其中包含有关MRI的全面说明,并在扫描前30分钟在候诊区向患者介绍。阿拉伯版问卷(状态-特质焦虑量表)用于测量病例组和对照组患者的MRI前相关焦虑。分析状态-特质焦虑评分,并在各组之间进行比较。病例组和对照组的中位脉搏、血氧饱和度和血压也进行了比较,p值为0.05。结果:病例的状态焦虑评分明显高于对照组。然而,病例和对照组之间的特质焦虑评分没有显著差异。女性在这些病例中表现出明显高于对照组的状态焦虑评分。根据以往的MRI经验,接受过MRI检查的病例组的状态焦虑评分明显高于对照组。根据受教育程度,学士学位病例的状态焦虑得分高于对照组。结论:本研究表明,护士在MRI扫描前30分钟使用自制的视觉工具并不能显著降低患者的焦虑水平。然而,女性、有MRI病史的患者和受过高等教育的患者的状态焦虑评分增加。医疗保健专业人员可能需要在MRI之前考虑信息视频的负面影响。抗焦虑或音频引导的自我催眠技术,以减少MRI前患者的焦虑。
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引用次数: 2
A “Double” Third Window Syndrome: The Case of Semicircular Canal Dehiscence in Twin Sisters “双”第三窗综合征——以双胞胎姐妹半圆管破裂为例
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.2147/rmi.s333347
S. Cocca, Giulia Mignacco, M. Mandalà, C. Giannitto, A. Esposito, Simone Porcino
: Third window lesions are defined as abnormal communications of the inner ear with adjacent spaces, namely the middle ear or cranial cavity. These lesions can occur at multiple anatomic locations, including the superior, posterior, and lateral semicircular canals; vestibule and vestibular aqueduct; and scala vestibuli of the cochlea. Semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD) is the most common condition wherein the temporal bone adjacent to the vestibular apparatus thins or is interrupted completely. Normally, there are two mobile windows: the oval window and round window. SCD results in a third mobile window in the inner ear, which causes an abnormal transmission of acoustic energy (“third-window effect”) towards the vestibular end-organs and causes symptoms. Superior SCD is a well-described pathological condition with potentially debilitating symptoms, instead the dehiscence of the posterior canal is very rare. The diagnosis is difficult and often delayed because the symptoms can be absent or aspecific and confused with other diseases: vestibular disorders, cerebrovascular diseases, trauma, and tumors. We report a rare case about a “double” third window syndrome of twin sisters due to a bone defect of two different semicircular canals. A 34-year-old woman presented to the Otology Department of University Hospital with a worsening of tinnitus, autophony and vertigo. She had been treated for 3 years as if affected to Menière disease. An audiometric exam revealed a right mixed hearing loss with 20–40 dB air bone gap from 250 to 4000 Hz. Vestibular examinations are unchanged compared to the past exams. But Valsalva maneuver induced pathological oscillopsia, vertigo and torsional up-beating nystagmus. Clinical manifestations may be like other diseases, such as Menière disease or perilymphatic fistula, confounding the diagnosis. Moreover, the appearance of the same symptoms in the patient’s twin sister, confirmed by the radiological investigation, suggested the familiarity for semicircular canal dehiscence. Audiometric and vestibular examinations are important even if diagnosis is impossible without radiological investigation. Indeed, we describe the history, clinical profile and management of twin sisters who had similar symptoms (worsening vertigo induced by pressure, autophony, tinnitus and hearing loss) and different bony labyrinth defects. Surgical management resulted in complete resolution in imbalance 3 months after the surgery. This surprising case of homozygous twin sisters suggests that there may be a genetic aspect to the disease.
:第三窗口病变被定义为内耳与相邻空间(即中耳或颅腔)的异常沟通。这些病变可发生在多个解剖位置,包括上半规管、后半规管和外半规管;前庭和前庭水管;和耳蜗前庭阶。半圆管裂开(SCD)是最常见的情况,其中与前庭器相邻的颞骨变薄或完全中断。通常,有两个移动窗口:椭圆形窗口和圆形窗口。SCD在内耳中产生第三个移动窗口,这会导致声能向前庭末端器官的异常传输(“第三窗口效应”)并导致症状。上SCD是一种描述良好的病理状况,具有潜在的衰弱症状,相反,椎管破裂是非常罕见的。诊断很困难,而且往往会延迟,因为症状可能不存在或特定,并与其他疾病混淆:前庭疾病、脑血管疾病、创伤和肿瘤。我们报告了一例罕见的双胞胎姐妹因两种不同半规管的骨缺损而出现的“双”第三窗综合征。一名34岁的女性因耳鸣、自鸣和眩晕恶化而被送往大学医院耳科。她接受了3年的治疗,好像患了梅尼埃病。听力测试显示,在250至4000赫兹的频率范围内,右侧混合性听力损失,气骨间隙为20–40 dB。前庭检查与过去的检查相比没有变化。但瓦尔萨尔瓦手法诱发病理性震颤、眩晕和扭转性上跳性眼球震颤。临床表现可能与其他疾病一样,如梅尼埃病或淋巴管周围瘘,混淆了诊断。此外,放射学调查证实,患者的双胞胎妹妹出现了同样的症状,这表明人们对半规管裂开很熟悉。即使没有放射学检查就无法进行诊断,听力和前庭检查也很重要。事实上,我们描述了双胞胎姐妹的病史、临床特征和治疗方法,她们有相似的症状(压力、自噬、耳鸣和听力损失引起的眩晕恶化)和不同的骨迷路缺陷。手术治疗导致失衡在手术后3个月得到完全解决。这一令人惊讶的纯合双胞胎姐妹病例表明,这种疾病可能有遗传方面的原因。
{"title":"A “Double” Third Window Syndrome: The Case of Semicircular Canal Dehiscence in Twin Sisters","authors":"S. Cocca, Giulia Mignacco, M. Mandalà, C. Giannitto, A. Esposito, Simone Porcino","doi":"10.2147/rmi.s333347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/rmi.s333347","url":null,"abstract":": Third window lesions are defined as abnormal communications of the inner ear with adjacent spaces, namely the middle ear or cranial cavity. These lesions can occur at multiple anatomic locations, including the superior, posterior, and lateral semicircular canals; vestibule and vestibular aqueduct; and scala vestibuli of the cochlea. Semicircular canal dehiscence (SCD) is the most common condition wherein the temporal bone adjacent to the vestibular apparatus thins or is interrupted completely. Normally, there are two mobile windows: the oval window and round window. SCD results in a third mobile window in the inner ear, which causes an abnormal transmission of acoustic energy (“third-window effect”) towards the vestibular end-organs and causes symptoms. Superior SCD is a well-described pathological condition with potentially debilitating symptoms, instead the dehiscence of the posterior canal is very rare. The diagnosis is difficult and often delayed because the symptoms can be absent or aspecific and confused with other diseases: vestibular disorders, cerebrovascular diseases, trauma, and tumors. We report a rare case about a “double” third window syndrome of twin sisters due to a bone defect of two different semicircular canals. A 34-year-old woman presented to the Otology Department of University Hospital with a worsening of tinnitus, autophony and vertigo. She had been treated for 3 years as if affected to Menière disease. An audiometric exam revealed a right mixed hearing loss with 20–40 dB air bone gap from 250 to 4000 Hz. Vestibular examinations are unchanged compared to the past exams. But Valsalva maneuver induced pathological oscillopsia, vertigo and torsional up-beating nystagmus. Clinical manifestations may be like other diseases, such as Menière disease or perilymphatic fistula, confounding the diagnosis. Moreover, the appearance of the same symptoms in the patient’s twin sister, confirmed by the radiological investigation, suggested the familiarity for semicircular canal dehiscence. Audiometric and vestibular examinations are important even if diagnosis is impossible without radiological investigation. Indeed, we describe the history, clinical profile and management of twin sisters who had similar symptoms (worsening vertigo induced by pressure, autophony, tinnitus and hearing loss) and different bony labyrinth defects. Surgical management resulted in complete resolution in imbalance 3 months after the surgery. This surprising case of homozygous twin sisters suggests that there may be a genetic aspect to the disease.","PeriodicalId":39053,"journal":{"name":"Reports in Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44632852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Diagnostic Value of Perfusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging as an Adjunct to Routine Magnetic Resonance Protocols for Adults Presenting with Acute Ischemic Stroke 灌注加权磁共振成像辅助常规磁共振成像对成人急性缺血性脑卒中的诊断价值
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.2147/rmi.s331876
Osama Jaafari, H. Gallagher, Muhammed Alshehri, Khalid Hakami, M. Alshammari
{"title":"Diagnostic Value of Perfusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging as an Adjunct to Routine Magnetic Resonance Protocols for Adults Presenting with Acute Ischemic Stroke","authors":"Osama Jaafari, H. Gallagher, Muhammed Alshehri, Khalid Hakami, M. Alshammari","doi":"10.2147/rmi.s331876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/rmi.s331876","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39053,"journal":{"name":"Reports in Medical Imaging","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68470102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Intranodal Lymphangiography and Lymphatic Embolization Treatment for Groin Lymphorrhea: A Preliminary Vietnamese Report 结内淋巴管造影和淋巴栓塞治疗腹股沟淋巴漏:越南初步报告
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.2147/rmi.s333582
Nguyen Ngoc Cuong, Pham Hong Canh, Le Tuan Linh, N. M. Minh Duc, Thieu Thi Tra My, Le Hoan
{"title":"Intranodal Lymphangiography and Lymphatic Embolization Treatment for Groin Lymphorrhea: A Preliminary Vietnamese Report","authors":"Nguyen Ngoc Cuong, Pham Hong Canh, Le Tuan Linh, N. M. Minh Duc, Thieu Thi Tra My, Le Hoan","doi":"10.2147/rmi.s333582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/rmi.s333582","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39053,"journal":{"name":"Reports in Medical Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44466759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Aortic knob diameter in chest radiographs of healthy adults in Uganda. 乌干达健康成人胸片上主动脉旋钮直径。
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-944105/v1
Steven Magera, S. Sereke, E. Okello, F. Ameda, G. Erem
Background The burden of cardiovascular diseases, such as aortic and degenerative diseases grows in the aging population. Chest radiograph still plays an important role in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Aortic knob diameter in chest radiographs can be used to evaluate early changes of the aortic structure and together with clinical and laboratory findings. This study was aimed at determining the mean values of aortic knob diameter among healthy adults in Uganda. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study in three selected hospitals in Kampala Uganda. All participants had normal chest radiographs without radiological evidence of cardiovascular disease. Chest radiograph findings extracted included aortic knob diameter, aortic arch diameter, transverse heart diameter and transverse thoracic diameter. All films were independently examined by two experienced radiologists. Results We analyzed chest radiograph findings of 294 participants, of which 204 (69.4%) were male. Aortic knob diameter increased with age (p – 0.000). The mean aortic knob diameter of males was higher than for females (3.14±0.34cm versus 2.77±0.37cm, p – 0.000). The mean aortic knob diameter on the digital screen were higher than plain films (3.03±0.393cm versus 2.96±0.392cm, p – 0.000). Aortic knob diameter positively correlated with age (p – 0.000) and aortic arch diameter (p – 0.000). Aortic knob diameter also correlated positively with transverse thoracic diameter (p – 0.05), transverse heart diameter (p – 0.05) and cardiothoracic ratios (p – 0.05). Conclusion The aortic knob diameter was higher in males and there was a positive correlation with age, aortic arch diameter, transverse heart diameter and transverse thoracic diameter. Aortic knob diameter measurements should be done on digital screen than printed x ray films.
背景心血管疾病,如主动脉疾病和退行性疾病的负担随着人口老龄化而增加。胸部x线片在心血管疾病的诊断中仍有重要作用。胸部X光片中的主动脉瘤直径可用于评估主动脉结构的早期变化以及临床和实验室结果。本研究旨在确定乌干达健康成年人主动脉瘤直径的平均值。方法我们在乌干达坎帕拉的三家选定医院进行了描述性横断面研究。所有参与者都有正常的胸部X光片,没有心血管疾病的放射学证据。所提取的胸部x线片包括主动脉瘤直径、主动脉弓直径、心脏横径和胸部横径。所有的胶片都由两位经验丰富的放射科医生独立检查。结果我们分析了294名参与者的胸部X线片,其中204名(69.4%)为男性。主动脉瘤直径随年龄增加而增加(p–0.000)。男性主动脉瘤平均直径高于女性(3.14±0.34cm对2.77±0.37cm,p–0.000)。数字屏幕上的平均主动脉瘤直径高于普通胶片(3.03±0.393cm对2.96±0.392cm,p-0.000),主动脉瘤直径与年龄(p–.000)和主动脉弓直径呈正相关(p–0.000)。主动脉瘤直径也与胸横径(p–0.05)、心横径(p–0.05)和心胸比值(p–05)呈正相关。结论男性主动脉瘤直径较高,与年龄、主动脉弓直径、心横直径和胸横径呈正相关。主动脉旋钮直径的测量应在数字屏幕上进行,而不是在打印的x射线胶片上进行。
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引用次数: 1
Vascular Causes of Dysphonia: A Case Series with Different Etiologies 语音障碍的血管病因:一个不同病因的病例系列
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-05-01 DOI: 10.2147/RMI.S300112
Pierino Spadafora, A. Esposito, C. Giannitto, Letizia Di Meglio, N. Nuzzi, G. Carrafiello
: Dysphonia is a frequent and often disabling condition that can be caused by a multitude of circumstances. Differential diagnosis of dysphonia comprehends many different etiologies and many causative agents (neoplasms, inflammations, traumatic injuries) that can occur in a large anatomical space (from the encephalic trunk to the upper mediastinum). It is fundamental to remember that vascular etiologies are responsible for some rare cases of dysphonia. In the radiological database of two urban academic hospitals, from 2012 to 2020, we sought patients who underwent CT or MRI for dysphonia, selecting only the ones with an underlying clinically confirmed vascular etiology. We present three emblematic cases with different vascular etiologies: a ductus arteriosus aneurysm, a left internal carotid artery dilatation, a laryngeal arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Vascular causes of dysphonia are rare, but especially in these cases an accurate and prompt diagnosis is fundamental, in particular considering that the underlying cardiovascular anomaly can often pose a higher risk for the patient than the hoarseness itself. Diagnostic imaging plays a fundamental role in detecting the most common causes of dysphonia but it is very important that radiologists take the vascular causes into account so as not to miss them and to obtain a correct diagnosis.
当前位置语音障碍是一种常见且经常致残的状况,可由多种情况引起。发音障碍的鉴别诊断包括许多不同的病因和许多病原体(肿瘤、炎症、创伤性损伤),这些病原体可能发生在很大的解剖空间(从脑干到上纵隔)。重要的是要记住,血管病因是导致一些罕见的语音障碍病例的原因。在两家城市学术医院的放射学数据库中,从2012年到2020年,我们寻找接受过CT或MRI检查的语音障碍患者,只选择那些具有临床证实的潜在血管病因的患者。我们提出三个具有不同血管病因的典型病例:动脉导管动脉瘤,左颈内动脉扩张,喉动静脉畸形(AVM)。引起发声障碍的血管原因是罕见的,但在这些病例中,准确和及时的诊断是至关重要的,特别是考虑到潜在的心血管异常通常比声音嘶哑本身对患者造成更高的风险。诊断成像在检测最常见的语音障碍原因中起着重要作用,但放射科医生考虑到血管原因是非常重要的,这样才不会遗漏它们并获得正确的诊断。
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引用次数: 1
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 with Neck and Thoraco-Abdominal Involvement: A Case Series Showing Different Localization and MRI Features 1型神经纤维瘤病伴颈部和胸腹受累:显示不同定位和MRI特征的病例系列
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-04-06 DOI: 10.2147/RMI.S300065
Silvia Tortora, A. Esposito, G. Della Pepa, M. Paternò, G. Cagnoli, C. Cesaretti, F. Natacci, G. Carrafiello
{"title":"Neurofibromatosis Type 1 with Neck and Thoraco-Abdominal Involvement: A Case Series Showing Different Localization and MRI Features","authors":"Silvia Tortora, A. Esposito, G. Della Pepa, M. Paternò, G. Cagnoli, C. Cesaretti, F. Natacci, G. Carrafiello","doi":"10.2147/RMI.S300065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/RMI.S300065","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39053,"journal":{"name":"Reports in Medical Imaging","volume":"Volume 14 1","pages":"41-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48064292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CT and MRI Findings of Head and Neck Masson’s Tumor: A Rare Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature 头颈部Masson肿瘤的CT和MRI表现:一例罕见病例报告及文献系统复习
Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.2147/RMI.S292961
C. Giannitto, G. Mercante, G. Spriano, R. Natoli, F. Gaino, Ludovica Lofino, A. Esposito, Nino Giannitto, G. Vatteroni, B. Fiamengo, A. Vidiri, L. Politi, L. Balzarini
Background: Masson’s tumor (MT) is a rare benign vascular disease. In literature, detailed description of its radiological findings is not available and functional imaging such as diffusion weighted (DW)-MRI has never been described. We aim to summarize the CT and MRI findings in our representative case and to conduct a systematic review of the literature. Case Presentation: We reported a 54-year-old ex-smoker male patient who presented with a nodular mass to the left cheek. He denied any previous trauma. CT examination performed on initial presentation revealed a well circumscribed solid oval mass with soft tissue density, a calcified focus and no significative contrast enhancement after contrast administration. MRI showed a well circumscribed solid oval mass, with intermediate T2 signal intensity with areas of high T2 signal intensity and the presence of peripheral high-flow serpentine vessels, low T1 signal intensity. The mass showed a non-enhancing area with enhancing vessels after intravenous contrast administration. We surveyed CT and MRI findings of head and neck MT of English and French language papers, published from 1981 to 2019, together with our representative case. We included articles with a description of CT and/or MRI findings of head and neck MT. Conclusion: We have experienced one case and have evaluated imaging findings through systematic review. Only 36 articles were eligible. CT and MRI findings were reported in 27 and 23 articles, respectively. To date, no diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)-MRI findings have been described. The most frequent findings in CT were a well-defined mass with high or soft tissue density. The most frequent MRI findings were a non-homogeneous signal intensity in T1 and T2 weighted sequences, with foci of hyperintensity, multiple septations or flow voids. After contrast administration, the enhancement could be homogeneous, non-homo-geneous, nodular or peripheral. In our case, we found a non-homogeneous hyperintensity in DWI-MRI with an area of restricted diffusion and low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was observed (0.963 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s +-0.12 SD). The imaging characteristics cannot provide a pre-operative identikit of MT and surgical removal is necessary to accurately differentiate it from malignant angiosarcoma but radiological evaluation is useful in surgical planning.
背景:马松瘤是一种罕见的良性血管疾病。在文献中,没有对其放射学表现的详细描述,也从未描述过弥散加权(DW)-MRI等功能成像。我们的目的是总结我们的代表性病例的CT和MRI结果,并对文献进行系统的回顾。病例介绍:我们报告了一位54岁的前吸烟者男性患者,他表现为左脸颊结节性肿块。他否认之前有任何创伤。初次就诊时的CT检查显示一个界限清晰的实心椭圆形肿块,软组织密度,钙化灶,造影后无明显增强。MRI表现为边界清晰的实心椭圆形肿块,T2信号强度中等,伴高T2信号区,周围可见高流量蛇形血管,T1信号强度低。经静脉注射造影剂后,肿块呈非增强区,血管增强。我们调查了1981年至2019年发表的英语和法语论文中头颈部MT的CT和MRI表现,并结合我们的代表性病例。我们纳入了描述头颈部MT的CT和/或MRI表现的文章。结论:我们经历了一个病例,并通过系统回顾评估了影像学表现。只有36篇文章符合条件。CT和MRI的发现分别在27篇和23篇文章中报道。迄今为止,没有扩散加权成像(DWI)-MRI的发现被描述。最常见的CT表现为清晰的肿块,伴高或软组织密度。最常见的MRI表现为T1和T2加权序列信号强度不均匀,伴有高信号灶、多发分隔或流腔。在给药后,增强可呈均匀性、非均匀性、结节性或周围性。在我们的病例中,我们发现DWI-MRI显示非均匀高强度,扩散受限区域和低表观扩散系数(ADC) (0.963 × 10−3 mm 2 /s +-0.12 SD)。影像学特征不能提供术前MT的识别,手术切除是必要的,以准确区分它与恶性血管肉瘤,但放射学评估是有用的手术计划。
{"title":"CT and MRI Findings of Head and Neck Masson’s Tumor: A Rare Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature","authors":"C. Giannitto, G. Mercante, G. Spriano, R. Natoli, F. Gaino, Ludovica Lofino, A. Esposito, Nino Giannitto, G. Vatteroni, B. Fiamengo, A. Vidiri, L. Politi, L. Balzarini","doi":"10.2147/RMI.S292961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/RMI.S292961","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Masson’s tumor (MT) is a rare benign vascular disease. In literature, detailed description of its radiological findings is not available and functional imaging such as diffusion weighted (DW)-MRI has never been described. We aim to summarize the CT and MRI findings in our representative case and to conduct a systematic review of the literature. Case Presentation: We reported a 54-year-old ex-smoker male patient who presented with a nodular mass to the left cheek. He denied any previous trauma. CT examination performed on initial presentation revealed a well circumscribed solid oval mass with soft tissue density, a calcified focus and no significative contrast enhancement after contrast administration. MRI showed a well circumscribed solid oval mass, with intermediate T2 signal intensity with areas of high T2 signal intensity and the presence of peripheral high-flow serpentine vessels, low T1 signal intensity. The mass showed a non-enhancing area with enhancing vessels after intravenous contrast administration. We surveyed CT and MRI findings of head and neck MT of English and French language papers, published from 1981 to 2019, together with our representative case. We included articles with a description of CT and/or MRI findings of head and neck MT. Conclusion: We have experienced one case and have evaluated imaging findings through systematic review. Only 36 articles were eligible. CT and MRI findings were reported in 27 and 23 articles, respectively. To date, no diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)-MRI findings have been described. The most frequent findings in CT were a well-defined mass with high or soft tissue density. The most frequent MRI findings were a non-homogeneous signal intensity in T1 and T2 weighted sequences, with foci of hyperintensity, multiple septations or flow voids. After contrast administration, the enhancement could be homogeneous, non-homo-geneous, nodular or peripheral. In our case, we found a non-homogeneous hyperintensity in DWI-MRI with an area of restricted diffusion and low apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was observed (0.963 × 10 −3 mm 2 /s +-0.12 SD). The imaging characteristics cannot provide a pre-operative identikit of MT and surgical removal is necessary to accurately differentiate it from malignant angiosarcoma but radiological evaluation is useful in surgical planning.","PeriodicalId":39053,"journal":{"name":"Reports in Medical Imaging","volume":"Volume 14 1","pages":"53-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43004684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
期刊
Reports in Medical Imaging
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