Aim: Aims of this study was to evaluate vitamin D deficiency as an independent risk factor for acute Coronary Artery Disease and to assess its severity at various aged patients. Methods: A total of 268 patients were included in this study which was an observational cohort study. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients who were admitted in the Intensive Coronary Care Unit at Fortis Fit Rajan Dhal Hospital were selected and categorized as male or female and from 18 years upper aged groups such as 21-30 years, 31 to 40 years, 41 to 50 years, 61 to 70, 71-80, 81-90 and above 90 years. Results: In this study Hypovitaminosis D was higher in male (75.7%) than female (24.3%) and the incidences of Hypovitaminosis D was highest to lowest in the following order; very higher in 51-60 years aged patients (41-50) years aged patients, 61-70 years aged patients, 71-80 years aged patients, 31- 40 years aged patients, 81-90 years aged patients, 21-30 years aged patients and lastly 91-100 years aged patients. From the total incidences only 118 were estimated for normal coronaries, 43 ACS/NSTEMI and 107 for STEMI. Therefore, the representation of vitamin D level severe deficiency ˂ 10 was seen in 47 Normal coronaries individuals, 17 in ACS/NSTEMI and 54 in STEMI. Similarly, deficiency ˂ 20 of vitamin D level was observed in 24 Normal coronaries, 16 in ACS/NSTEMI and 27 in STEMI individuals. Progressively insufficiency (21-29) of vitamin D level has seen in 18 normal coronaries, 3 in ACS/NSTEMI and 18 in STEMI individuals. Lastly normal level of (vitamin D˃30) was seen in 28 normal coronaries, 7 in ACS/NSTEMI and 8 in STEMI individuals. Regularly, hypertension is demonstrated in 57 normal coronaries, 28 in ACS/NSTEMI and 27 in STEMI individuals. Conclusion: There was significant correlation between hypovitaminosis D and coronary artery disease. Consequently, the early detection and management of hypovitaminosis D is essential to control unfavorable cardiovascular events. Recommendation: Vitamin D supplementation should be given to patients with ACS and cardiac failure will decreases inflammatory indicators and develops health effects.
{"title":"Study on the Incidences of Hypovitaminosis D in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients","authors":"T. Ghose, R. Kachru, Akmal Shams","doi":"10.58425/jhmcs.v2i1.198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/jhmcs.v2i1.198","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Aims of this study was to evaluate vitamin D deficiency as an independent risk factor for acute Coronary Artery Disease and to assess its severity at various aged patients. \u0000Methods: A total of 268 patients were included in this study which was an observational cohort study. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, patients who were admitted in the Intensive Coronary Care Unit at Fortis Fit Rajan Dhal Hospital were selected and categorized as male or female and from 18 years upper aged groups such as 21-30 years, 31 to 40 years, 41 to 50 years, 61 to 70, 71-80, 81-90 and above 90 years. \u0000Results: In this study Hypovitaminosis D was higher in male (75.7%) than female (24.3%) and the incidences of Hypovitaminosis D was highest to lowest in the following order; very higher in 51-60 years aged patients (41-50) years aged patients, 61-70 years aged patients, 71-80 years aged patients, 31- 40 years aged patients, 81-90 years aged patients, 21-30 years aged patients and lastly 91-100 years aged patients. From the total incidences only 118 were estimated for normal coronaries, 43 ACS/NSTEMI and 107 for STEMI. Therefore, the representation of vitamin D level severe deficiency ˂ 10 was seen in 47 Normal coronaries individuals, 17 in ACS/NSTEMI and 54 in STEMI. Similarly, deficiency ˂ 20 of vitamin D level was observed in 24 Normal coronaries, 16 in ACS/NSTEMI and 27 in STEMI individuals. Progressively insufficiency (21-29) of vitamin D level has seen in 18 normal coronaries, 3 in ACS/NSTEMI and 18 in STEMI individuals. Lastly normal level of (vitamin D˃30) was seen in 28 normal coronaries, 7 in ACS/NSTEMI and 8 in STEMI individuals. Regularly, hypertension is demonstrated in 57 normal coronaries, 28 in ACS/NSTEMI and 27 in STEMI individuals. \u0000Conclusion: There was significant correlation between hypovitaminosis D and coronary artery disease. Consequently, the early detection and management of hypovitaminosis D is essential to control unfavorable cardiovascular events. \u0000Recommendation: Vitamin D supplementation should be given to patients with ACS and cardiac failure will decreases inflammatory indicators and develops health effects.","PeriodicalId":390791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Medicine, and Clinical Studies","volume":"196 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129170579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the irregular and exceptionally fast heart rhythmic problems that can maintain blood clots in the heart. Therefore, AF increase the risk of stroke, heart dysfunction, and heart attack risks. The main objective of this study was to evaluate incidences of Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Coronary Syndrome in Eastern zone of Afghanistan. Methods: This cohort study recruited 828 consecutive patients and anamnesis was achieved during the data collection. Results: Atrial fibrillation increased with age in both men and women. Women with AF 57.14% (n = 16) were higher than men 42.86% (n = 12) with higher significance (p˂0, 05) value. Accordingly, the incidences of atrial fibrillation are higher in upper aged patients. In this regard incidences of lower than 30 years aged patients are zero, 31 to 45 years aged are 2(7.14%), 46-60 years aged patients are 12(42.85%), 61-75 upper aged patients are 10(35.71%) and upper than 75 years aged patients are 4(14.28%) and the studied result was higher significance (p˂0, 05). Finally, this study found AF in acute coronary syndrome patients higher in upper aged peoples and according to gender AF is higher in female patients than male. Conclusion: Poor nourishments, long term rests, tobacco usages, serum lipid hyper level, hypertensions, obesity and diabetes are the main causes of atrial fibrillation in Afghanistan. Recommendation: The upper aged people must use quality food; unsaturated oil and less sugar in their meal and must do exercise at least one to two hours daily.
{"title":"Study on the Incidences of Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in Eastern Afghanistan","authors":"Akmal Shams, Ikramullah Ibrahim","doi":"10.58425/jhmcs.v2i1.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/jhmcs.v2i1.177","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the irregular and exceptionally fast heart rhythmic problems that can maintain blood clots in the heart. Therefore, AF increase the risk of stroke, heart dysfunction, and heart attack risks. The main objective of this study was to evaluate incidences of Atrial Fibrillation in Acute Coronary Syndrome in Eastern zone of Afghanistan. \u0000Methods: This cohort study recruited 828 consecutive patients and anamnesis was achieved during the data collection. \u0000Results: Atrial fibrillation increased with age in both men and women. Women with AF 57.14% (n = 16) were higher than men 42.86% (n = 12) with higher significance (p˂0, 05) value. Accordingly, the incidences of atrial fibrillation are higher in upper aged patients. In this regard incidences of lower than 30 years aged patients are zero, 31 to 45 years aged are 2(7.14%), 46-60 years aged patients are 12(42.85%), 61-75 upper aged patients are 10(35.71%) and upper than 75 years aged patients are 4(14.28%) and the studied result was higher significance (p˂0, 05). Finally, this study found AF in acute coronary syndrome patients higher in upper aged peoples and according to gender AF is higher in female patients than male. \u0000Conclusion: Poor nourishments, long term rests, tobacco usages, serum lipid hyper level, hypertensions, obesity and diabetes are the main causes of atrial fibrillation in Afghanistan. \u0000Recommendation: The upper aged people must use quality food; unsaturated oil and less sugar in their meal and must do exercise at least one to two hours daily.","PeriodicalId":390791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Medicine, and Clinical Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121018381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: This research aimed at collecting information relating to the attention of the rulers in the Abbasid Caliphate on medical inventions and the innovative forms of the achievements in medicine in the current era. Methods: The doctrinal research methodology and descriptive, explanatory, analytical, and comparative research approaches were used in this study. It is worth mentioning that this research study is entirely based on library sources. Results: The study found that medical inventions such as construction and development of hospitals, the production and use of surgical wound sutures, the appointment of medical professionals and scholars from the various parts of the globe, first time eye, nose, and tonsillectomy surgeries happened during Abbasid Caliphate. Also, the training of some famous medical professionals and doctors like Abu Bakr al-Razi, Abul Qasim al-Zahrawi, Ibn al-Nafis, Ibn Sina, Ibn al-Haytham, and Mahzab al-Din al-Baghdadi were the developments and inventions during the era of Abbasid Caliphate. Conclusion: Special attention was paid to the profession of medicine in the Abbasid Caliphate and many inventions and developments in the field of medicine took place. Recommendation: The study recommended Ministry of Public Health to organize scientific and research seminars on the personalities and achievements of famous Muslim doctors of the Abbasid Caliphate. This will assist medical doctors and other professionals of the modern era to get more reliable information about the developments, progress, and inventions of the Abbasid Caliphate era and use and take advantage of the inventions, experiences, and instructions in their professional careers.
{"title":"Medical Inventions in the Abbasid Caliphate and their Development in the Present Era","authors":"Toryalai Hemat, Nasar Ahmad Hamid","doi":"10.58425/jhmcs.v2i1.149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/jhmcs.v2i1.149","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This research aimed at collecting information relating to the attention of the rulers in the Abbasid Caliphate on medical inventions and the innovative forms of the achievements in medicine in the current era. \u0000Methods: The doctrinal research methodology and descriptive, explanatory, analytical, and comparative research approaches were used in this study. It is worth mentioning that this research study is entirely based on library sources. \u0000Results: The study found that medical inventions such as construction and development of hospitals, the production and use of surgical wound sutures, the appointment of medical professionals and scholars from the various parts of the globe, first time eye, nose, and tonsillectomy surgeries happened during Abbasid Caliphate. Also, the training of some famous medical professionals and doctors like Abu Bakr al-Razi, Abul Qasim al-Zahrawi, Ibn al-Nafis, Ibn Sina, Ibn al-Haytham, and Mahzab al-Din al-Baghdadi were the developments and inventions during the era of Abbasid Caliphate. \u0000Conclusion: Special attention was paid to the profession of medicine in the Abbasid Caliphate and many inventions and developments in the field of medicine took place. \u0000Recommendation: The study recommended Ministry of Public Health to organize scientific and research seminars on the personalities and achievements of famous Muslim doctors of the Abbasid Caliphate. This will assist medical doctors and other professionals of the modern era to get more reliable information about the developments, progress, and inventions of the Abbasid Caliphate era and use and take advantage of the inventions, experiences, and instructions in their professional careers.","PeriodicalId":390791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Medicine, and Clinical Studies","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125420093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The novel coronavirus also known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which broke out in the latter part of the year 2019, took the entire human race unawares. This sis due to its devastating health, social and economic consequences. In this study, the ability of some small molecules to interact with some SARS-CoV-2 proteins was investigated in silico for the purpose discovering molecules which can be employed in the areas COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment. Methodology: By way of molecular docking, a library of in silico generated ligands was docked to SARS-CoV-2 spike and replicase proteins to identify leads with propensity to bind them with high affinity. The identified leads proved to bind these proteins with stronger affinity than the native ligand aiding in their in vivo metabolic processes. Findings: It was observed that spike protein binds to its cellular receptor with binding affinity of -4.8Kcal/mol; it binds to a non cellular analogue with -5.4, while 4twy 3BL and 5n19 D03 bind spike protein with binding affinities of -7.3Kcal/mol each. They also bind replicase protein with -8.2 and -7.2 Kcal/mol respectively. 5c8s G3A and 2d2d ENB were identified as the most suitable leads for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection, while 3d62 959 and 1r4l XX5 were identified as leads with most suitable druglikeness against SARS-CoV-2. These findings indicate that the identified ligands can preferentially displace or inhibit binding of the viral proteins to their native endogenous ligands and that both cellular attachment through spike and ACE2 interaction, and viral replication process can both be inhibited by using just one of the substances identified. This study is part of efforts in finding non recombinant nucleic acid solutions to SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and treatment. If these findings are implemented, they can enhance efficient detection of the virus antigens from biological samples. Conclusion: Identifying molecules that can interact with SARS-CoV-2 proteins could optimize diagnostic and therapeutic care for patients infected with the virus. Recommendation: Based on the study, 5c8s G3A and 2d2d ENB were identified as the most suitable leads that are favorably disposed for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection from biological samples. Also, 3d62 959 and 1r4l XX5 were identified as leads with most suitable drug likeness against SARS-CoV-2 based on the filters from SwissADME and Molinspiration cheminformatics and therefore deserve further in vitro and in vivo evaluations.
{"title":"Molecular Docking and Analysis of In Silico Generated Ligands against SARS-CoV-2 Spike and Replicase Proteins","authors":"I. Okeke","doi":"10.58425/jhmcs.v1i1.86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/jhmcs.v1i1.86","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The novel coronavirus also known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which broke out in the latter part of the year 2019, took the entire human race unawares. This sis due to its devastating health, social and economic consequences. In this study, the ability of some small molecules to interact with some SARS-CoV-2 proteins was investigated in silico for the purpose discovering molecules which can be employed in the areas COVID-19 diagnosis and treatment.\u0000Methodology: By way of molecular docking, a library of in silico generated ligands was docked to SARS-CoV-2 spike and replicase proteins to identify leads with propensity to bind them with high affinity. The identified leads proved to bind these proteins with stronger affinity than the native ligand aiding in their in vivo metabolic processes.\u0000Findings: It was observed that spike protein binds to its cellular receptor with binding affinity of -4.8Kcal/mol; it binds to a non cellular analogue with -5.4, while 4twy 3BL and 5n19 D03 bind spike protein with binding affinities of -7.3Kcal/mol each. They also bind replicase protein with -8.2 and -7.2 Kcal/mol respectively. 5c8s G3A and 2d2d ENB were identified as the most suitable leads for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection, while 3d62 959 and 1r4l XX5 were identified as leads with most suitable druglikeness against SARS-CoV-2. These findings indicate that the identified ligands can preferentially displace or inhibit binding of the viral proteins to their native endogenous ligands and that both cellular attachment through spike and ACE2 interaction, and viral replication process can both be inhibited by using just one of the substances identified. This study is part of efforts in finding non recombinant nucleic acid solutions to SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis and treatment. If these findings are implemented, they can enhance efficient detection of the virus antigens from biological samples.\u0000Conclusion: Identifying molecules that can interact with SARS-CoV-2 proteins could optimize diagnostic and therapeutic care for patients infected with the virus.\u0000Recommendation: Based on the study, 5c8s G3A and 2d2d ENB were identified as the most suitable leads that are favorably disposed for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein detection from biological samples. Also, 3d62 959 and 1r4l XX5 were identified as leads with most suitable drug likeness against SARS-CoV-2 based on the filters from SwissADME and Molinspiration cheminformatics and therefore deserve further in vitro and in vivo evaluations.","PeriodicalId":390791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Medicine, and Clinical Studies","volume":"386 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115980180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Prevalence of malaria during pregnancy and the spate of drug resistance by malaria parasites have constantly impacted maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to discover “in silico” non-recombinant molecules which can interact with placental chondroitin sulfate to inhibit binding or displace bound var2csA from the placenta in order to prevent pregnancy associated malaria. Methodology: Protein data bank (rcsb.org) and PubChem were used to download the chemical structures of the receptor (3bqk) and those of the ligands. Canonical SMILES and other information about the ligands and the receptor were extracted from PubChem. Toxtree, Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (TEST), SwissADMET, Molinspiration and Lazar Toxicity Predicter were employed to test various toxicity and safety parameters of lead compounds. The structure of the macromolecule – chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) was retrieved by searching in the protein data bank (PDB) (rcsb.org/structure/3bqk); downloaded, and saved as a PDB format. Findings: Molecular modeling and toxicity predictors used in this study indicated that among the ligands screened, IH3 had the lowest binding energy of -9.8Kcal/mol while var2csA had -2.8Kcal/mol. Var2csA is parasite’s adhesive protein. It was also observed that out of the 90 ligands (binding affinity range -9.8 to -1.0 Kcal/mol) screened, IH3 (-9.8Kcal/mol), FAD (-8.4 Kcal/mol), NDP (-8.2 Kcal/mol), A5A (-8.2 Kcal/mol), ABO (-8.1 Kcal/mol), IH2 (-7.8 Kcal/mol), 2RT (-7.7 Kcal/mol), CRO (-7.7 Kcal/mol) and IH1 (-7.7 Kcal/mol) appear to be the most promising lead compounds to occupy var2csA binding pocket in pCSA in order to prevent adhesion of malaria infected erythrocytes to the placenta. SwissADME and Molinspiration Cheminformatics for LogP (mean of 1.07 and range of -2.79 to 4.18) of the lead compounds showed no correlations between lipophilicity and interaction with receptors. Of all the compounds selected for analysis, only ABO and 2RT exhibited drug-like properties based on Ghose, Lipinski and Veber filters. Conclusion: Data obtained from the study therefore suggests that IH3, FAD, NDP, A5A, ABO, IH2, 2RT, CRO, IH1 and var2csA make favourable lead candidates for targeting pCSA and therefore require further in vitro and in vivo evaluations. Recommendation: This study therefore recommends the repurposing and extending the use of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to cover prophylactic management of malaria among pregnant women.
{"title":"Molecular Docking and Analysis of some Ligands on Var2csTargetA","authors":"I. Okeke","doi":"10.58425/jhmcs.v1i1.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/jhmcs.v1i1.84","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Prevalence of malaria during pregnancy and the spate of drug resistance by malaria parasites have constantly impacted maternal, perinatal and neonatal outcomes, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aims to discover “in silico” non-recombinant molecules which can interact with placental chondroitin sulfate to inhibit binding or displace bound var2csA from the placenta in order to prevent pregnancy associated malaria. \u0000Methodology: Protein data bank (rcsb.org) and PubChem were used to download the chemical structures of the receptor (3bqk) and those of the ligands. Canonical SMILES and other information about the ligands and the receptor were extracted from PubChem. Toxtree, Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (TEST), SwissADMET, Molinspiration and Lazar Toxicity Predicter were employed to test various toxicity and safety parameters of lead compounds. The structure of the macromolecule – chondroitin sulfate A (CSA) was retrieved by searching in the protein data bank (PDB) (rcsb.org/structure/3bqk); downloaded, and saved as a PDB format. \u0000Findings: Molecular modeling and toxicity predictors used in this study indicated that among the ligands screened, IH3 had the lowest binding energy of -9.8Kcal/mol while var2csA had -2.8Kcal/mol. Var2csA is parasite’s adhesive protein. It was also observed that out of the 90 ligands (binding affinity range -9.8 to -1.0 Kcal/mol) screened, IH3 (-9.8Kcal/mol), FAD (-8.4 Kcal/mol), NDP (-8.2 Kcal/mol), A5A (-8.2 Kcal/mol), ABO (-8.1 Kcal/mol), IH2 (-7.8 Kcal/mol), 2RT (-7.7 Kcal/mol), CRO (-7.7 Kcal/mol) and IH1 (-7.7 Kcal/mol) appear to be the most promising lead compounds to occupy var2csA binding pocket in pCSA in order to prevent adhesion of malaria infected erythrocytes to the placenta. SwissADME and Molinspiration Cheminformatics for LogP (mean of 1.07 and range of -2.79 to 4.18) of the lead compounds showed no correlations between lipophilicity and interaction with receptors. Of all the compounds selected for analysis, only ABO and 2RT exhibited drug-like properties based on Ghose, Lipinski and Veber filters. \u0000Conclusion: Data obtained from the study therefore suggests that IH3, FAD, NDP, A5A, ABO, IH2, 2RT, CRO, IH1 and var2csA make favourable lead candidates for targeting pCSA and therefore require further in vitro and in vivo evaluations. \u0000Recommendation: This study therefore recommends the repurposing and extending the use of flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) to cover prophylactic management of malaria among pregnant women.","PeriodicalId":390791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Medicine, and Clinical Studies","volume":"101 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116292476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali Minhas Khan, Muhammad Arain Muhammad, Bilal Sahni, Khan Uzair Muhammud
Purpose: Screening can help in early detection of osteoporosis and osteopenia and help in recommending appropriate treatment thus reducing fracture-related morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the contributing factors to osteoporosis and osteopenia among out-patients aged above 55 years. Methodology: The study employed randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The identified patients were screened using bone tests such as DXA, quantitative ultrasound, and the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) as the standard. This was measured using the Calcaneal Quantitative Ultra Sound (QUS). The study also used a structured questionnaire to identify the socio-demographic profile of the patients and clinical risk assessments for osteoporosis or fracture risk. The sample size was 250 out-patients aged above 55 years. Findings: The study found out that lower back pain and knee pain were the common musculoskeletal presentations. It was evident that osteoporosis and osteopenia was common in out-patients who had low exposure to sunlight (71%). The study found that major contributing factors to osteoporosis and osteopenia are advanced age, low bone mineral density score, hysterectomy, gender, and educational status. Conclusion: The study conclude that people aged above 55 years are at high risk of suffering from osteoporosis and osteopenia. Recommendation: The study recommend people above 55 years to undergo screening to facilitate early detection of osteoporosis and osteopenia. This will help them in getting appropriate and timely management of symptoms and improve their quality of life.
{"title":"Contributing Factors to Osteoporosis and Osteopenia in Adults above 55 Years: A Case Study of Patients Visiting Federal Diagnostic Centre","authors":"Ali Minhas Khan, Muhammad Arain Muhammad, Bilal Sahni, Khan Uzair Muhammud","doi":"10.58425/jhmcs.v1i1.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/jhmcs.v1i1.73","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Screening can help in early detection of osteoporosis and osteopenia and help in recommending appropriate treatment thus reducing fracture-related morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the contributing factors to osteoporosis and osteopenia among out-patients aged above 55 years. \u0000Methodology: The study employed randomized clinical trials (RCTs). The identified patients were screened using bone tests such as DXA, quantitative ultrasound, and the Bone Mineral Density (BMD) as the standard. This was measured using the Calcaneal Quantitative Ultra Sound (QUS). The study also used a structured questionnaire to identify the socio-demographic profile of the patients and clinical risk assessments for osteoporosis or fracture risk. The sample size was 250 out-patients aged above 55 years. \u0000Findings: The study found out that lower back pain and knee pain were the common musculoskeletal presentations. It was evident that osteoporosis and osteopenia was common in out-patients who had low exposure to sunlight (71%). The study found that major contributing factors to osteoporosis and osteopenia are advanced age, low bone mineral density score, hysterectomy, gender, and educational status. \u0000Conclusion: The study conclude that people aged above 55 years are at high risk of suffering from osteoporosis and osteopenia. \u0000Recommendation: The study recommend people above 55 years to undergo screening to facilitate early detection of osteoporosis and osteopenia. This will help them in getting appropriate and timely management of symptoms and improve their quality of life.","PeriodicalId":390791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Medicine, and Clinical Studies","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114753123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed Akram, Nauman Hadi Hasan, Ali Ayesha Ikram, Tayyab Mohammad Khan
Purpose: Rickets is a common disorder among children under five years mostly in the developing countries. It negatively affect normal growth and development of children thereby reducing their genetic potential. The purpose of this study was to analyze the cause of rickets in children under five years and solutions available. Methodology: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional approach and was conducted in the pediatric outpatients department of the Guru Tegh Bahadur (GTB) Hospital & University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) Delhi. The study period was one year from September 2021 to September 2022 on 130 diagnosed cases of the rickets. Patients were enrolled via non- probability convenient sampling technique and a set developed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was collected through self-structured questionnaire after taking informed consent. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 26. Findings: Nutritional rickets was prevalent among children aged between one and three years with males being 61.74% and females being 38.26%. Children from lower socioeconomic background comprised 59% while children under exclusive breastfeeding comprised about 62%. Additionally, children supplemented cow’s milk but had rickets were 38% while children exposed to less sunlight comprised 57%. The study also found out that children that were exposed to sunlight when fully clothed had incidence of rickets at rate of 48% while children who were not oil-massaged during sunlight exposure comprised 31%. Finally, children who were subjected to unbalanced nutrition comprised about 78.34% while children whose mothers were under poor nutritional status comprised about 67%. Conclusion: The study conclude that children aged between one and three years are more susceptible to rickets than children between four and five years. The study also conclude that lower socioeconomic background, male gender, exclusive breastfeeding, unbalanced nutrition and mother’s poor nutritional status all contribute to high incidences of rickets in children under five years. Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption in your body. This plays a key role in maintaining bone strength and skeletal integrity. Recommendations: Supplements should be added in the diet of children during breastfeeding. Also, there should be adequate sunlight exposure of children. Finally, malnutrition of both children and mothers should be treated.
{"title":"Analyzing Causes of Rickets in Children under Five Years and Solutions Available in India","authors":"Ahmed Akram, Nauman Hadi Hasan, Ali Ayesha Ikram, Tayyab Mohammad Khan","doi":"10.58425/jhmcs.v1i1.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/jhmcs.v1i1.71","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Rickets is a common disorder among children under five years mostly in the developing countries. It negatively affect normal growth and development of children thereby reducing their genetic potential. The purpose of this study was to analyze the cause of rickets in children under five years and solutions available. \u0000Methodology: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional approach and was conducted in the pediatric outpatients department of the Guru Tegh Bahadur (GTB) Hospital & University College of Medical Sciences (UCMS) Delhi. The study period was one year from September 2021 to September 2022 on 130 diagnosed cases of the rickets. Patients were enrolled via non- probability convenient sampling technique and a set developed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was collected through self-structured questionnaire after taking informed consent. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 26. \u0000Findings: Nutritional rickets was prevalent among children aged between one and three years with males being 61.74% and females being 38.26%. Children from lower socioeconomic background comprised 59% while children under exclusive breastfeeding comprised about 62%. Additionally, children supplemented cow’s milk but had rickets were 38% while children exposed to less sunlight comprised 57%. The study also found out that children that were exposed to sunlight when fully clothed had incidence of rickets at rate of 48% while children who were not oil-massaged during sunlight exposure comprised 31%. Finally, children who were subjected to unbalanced nutrition comprised about 78.34% while children whose mothers were under poor nutritional status comprised about 67%. \u0000Conclusion: The study conclude that children aged between one and three years are more susceptible to rickets than children between four and five years. The study also conclude that lower socioeconomic background, male gender, exclusive breastfeeding, unbalanced nutrition and mother’s poor nutritional status all contribute to high incidences of rickets in children under five years. Vitamin D is necessary for calcium absorption in your body. This plays a key role in maintaining bone strength and skeletal integrity. \u0000Recommendations: Supplements should be added in the diet of children during breastfeeding. Also, there should be adequate sunlight exposure of children. Finally, malnutrition of both children and mothers should be treated.","PeriodicalId":390791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Medicine, and Clinical Studies","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121583170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The goal of this study was to compare the closure of catheter-based transapical option against surgical treatment option for mitral paravalvular leak. Methodology: The study employed a retrospective observational study design to compare closure of mitral paravalvular leak using catheter-based transapical option and surgical treatment option. The study had a sample size of 76 patients who were grouped into surgical group or catheter group. The surgical group was allocated 49 patients after re-do surgery while the catheter group was allocated 27 patients after transapical catheter–based treatment. Findings: According to the study’s result, in-hospital myocardial necrosis occurred in 9 (18%) cases in the surgical group and none in the catheter group, p = 0.018. Procedure-related life-threatening bleeding occurred in 9 (18%) patients in the surgical group and none in the catheter group, p = 0.018. Nine (18%) patients died in 30 days in the surgical group, and none died in the catheter group, p = 0.039. A mean follow-up was 3.3 years. No difference was found between the groups by the degree of residual paravalvular regurgitation either at discharge or at follow-up. During the follow-up, 19 (39%) patients died in the surgical group and 2 (7%) among the catheter patients. Conclusion: Transapical catheter-based closure of mitral paravalvular leak seems to be a safer treatment procedure than conventional re-do surgery, and the effectiveness of these procedures does not differ.
{"title":"Closing Mitral Paravalvular Leak: Comparing Catheter-based Transapical Option against Surgical Treatment Option","authors":"Fahim Shahid, Ibrar Rahman, Adan Khan Mughal, Muhammad Sibghat Ullah Khan","doi":"10.58425/jhmcs.v1i1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58425/jhmcs.v1i1.19","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The goal of this study was to compare the closure of catheter-based transapical option against surgical treatment option for mitral paravalvular leak. \u0000Methodology: The study employed a retrospective observational study design to compare closure of mitral paravalvular leak using catheter-based transapical option and surgical treatment option. The study had a sample size of 76 patients who were grouped into surgical group or catheter group. The surgical group was allocated 49 patients after re-do surgery while the catheter group was allocated 27 patients after transapical catheter–based treatment. \u0000Findings: According to the study’s result, in-hospital myocardial necrosis occurred in 9 (18%) cases in the surgical group and none in the catheter group, p = 0.018. Procedure-related life-threatening bleeding occurred in 9 (18%) patients in the surgical group and none in the catheter group, p = 0.018. Nine (18%) patients died in 30 days in the surgical group, and none died in the catheter group, p = 0.039. A mean follow-up was 3.3 years. No difference was found between the groups by the degree of residual paravalvular regurgitation either at discharge or at follow-up. During the follow-up, 19 (39%) patients died in the surgical group and 2 (7%) among the catheter patients. \u0000Conclusion: Transapical catheter-based closure of mitral paravalvular leak seems to be a safer treatment procedure than conventional re-do surgery, and the effectiveness of these procedures does not differ.","PeriodicalId":390791,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Health, Medicine, and Clinical Studies","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129299449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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