IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)最新文献
Special attention has been previously given to the study of periodic materials and wave propagation in periodic structures. Of particular interest is the possibility of using these periodic materials to achieve low reflection over a broad frequency band. We present a novel infinite periodic structure comprised of lossy dielectric and magnetic materials in a checkerboard-type configuration. The search for an artificial structure that exhibits a good match to free space was motivated by the fact that, to date, it has not been possible to find a real material which satisfies the criterion /spl epsiv/'/sub r/=/spl mu/'/sub r/ and /spl epsiv/"/sub r/=/spl mu/"/sub r/-or similar ones that present a perfect match to the free space-as does the well-known PML medium widely used for the finite difference time domain (FDTD) mesh truncation. The FDTD technique is applied in conjunction with a periodic boundary condition to calculate the scattered field from the periodic structure for normally-incident plane waves. Because the computation is carried out in the time domain, only one FDTD simulation is required to calculate the scattering parameters in the frequency range of interest.
{"title":"FDTD modeling of an artificially-synthesized absorbing medium","authors":"Wenhua Yu, R. Mittra, D. Werner","doi":"10.1109/75.819371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/75.819371","url":null,"abstract":"Special attention has been previously given to the study of periodic materials and wave propagation in periodic structures. Of particular interest is the possibility of using these periodic materials to achieve low reflection over a broad frequency band. We present a novel infinite periodic structure comprised of lossy dielectric and magnetic materials in a checkerboard-type configuration. The search for an artificial structure that exhibits a good match to free space was motivated by the fact that, to date, it has not been possible to find a real material which satisfies the criterion /spl epsiv/'/sub r/=/spl mu/'/sub r/ and /spl epsiv/\"/sub r/=/spl mu/\"/sub r/-or similar ones that present a perfect match to the free space-as does the well-known PML medium widely used for the finite difference time domain (FDTD) mesh truncation. The FDTD technique is applied in conjunction with a periodic boundary condition to calculate the scattered field from the periodic structure for normally-incident plane waves. Because the computation is carried out in the time domain, only one FDTD simulation is required to calculate the scattering parameters in the frequency range of interest.","PeriodicalId":391546,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)","volume":"38 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132722433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we address issues related to high-order integrator development and propose an extended leap-frog methodology that can achieve temporal accuracy to any even order desired. Such an integrator is compatible with either explicit spatial differencing or with compact differencing; in this paper we consider the former. To limit the discussion, only the fourth-order and eighth-order integrators are presented. The chief attributes of these integrators are that the computational memory requirements are small and the algorithmic complexity is not increased, with respect to the classical FDTD method. To validate many of the theoretical claims made here, numerous studies on the rectangular waveguide are considered. These studies clearly demonstrate the effect of accuracy on data quality.
{"title":"The design of high-order, leap-frog integrators for Maxwell's equations","authors":"J.L. Young","doi":"10.1109/APS.1999.789110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1999.789110","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we address issues related to high-order integrator development and propose an extended leap-frog methodology that can achieve temporal accuracy to any even order desired. Such an integrator is compatible with either explicit spatial differencing or with compact differencing; in this paper we consider the former. To limit the discussion, only the fourth-order and eighth-order integrators are presented. The chief attributes of these integrators are that the computational memory requirements are small and the algorithmic complexity is not increased, with respect to the classical FDTD method. To validate many of the theoretical claims made here, numerous studies on the rectangular waveguide are considered. These studies clearly demonstrate the effect of accuracy on data quality.","PeriodicalId":391546,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115377619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reconfigurable, active receive antennas are attractive for future aerospace systems since they offer a flexible antenna pattern and permit the high sensitivity reception of very weak signals even at mm-wave frequencies. Such antennas can be realized as direct radiating arrays, single-reflector multi-feed types or array-fed double-reflector antennas (magnified arrays) and comprise-in all cases-a passive radiator section and an active BFN. In order to support the analysis and design of systems using such antennas, a general antenna model covering a wide variety of configurations has already been proposed (Kraft and Blaschke 1997, and Kraft et al.). Based on this model, the current contribution provides a parametric treatment of gain and G/T which uses a smaller number of parameters in order to simplify the establishment of first-cut design and top level requirements for the main assemblies (electronic chains, combiner), and to support the comparison of options and identification of design drivers taking performance changes over the entire reconfiguration range into account.
{"title":"Gain and G/T of reconfigurable active receive antennas-a parametric approach","authors":"U. Kraft","doi":"10.1109/APS.1999.789258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1999.789258","url":null,"abstract":"Reconfigurable, active receive antennas are attractive for future aerospace systems since they offer a flexible antenna pattern and permit the high sensitivity reception of very weak signals even at mm-wave frequencies. Such antennas can be realized as direct radiating arrays, single-reflector multi-feed types or array-fed double-reflector antennas (magnified arrays) and comprise-in all cases-a passive radiator section and an active BFN. In order to support the analysis and design of systems using such antennas, a general antenna model covering a wide variety of configurations has already been proposed (Kraft and Blaschke 1997, and Kraft et al.). Based on this model, the current contribution provides a parametric treatment of gain and G/T which uses a smaller number of parameters in order to simplify the establishment of first-cut design and top level requirements for the main assemblies (electronic chains, combiner), and to support the comparison of options and identification of design drivers taking performance changes over the entire reconfiguration range into account.","PeriodicalId":391546,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)","volume":"518 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123110498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Akiyama, J. Hirokawa, M. Ando, E. Takeda, Y. Arai
Conical beam concentric array radial slot line antennas (RSLA) have been fabricated for the 60 GHz band. A PTFE substrate with copper foils is used. The coaxial feeder has been modified to improve the reflection. The measured reflection has revealed that the -15 dB bandwidth is about 500 MHz around the design frequency. The bandwidth of the gain has also improved because of the feeder modification.
{"title":"Characteristics of 60 GHz band conical beam radial line slot antennas","authors":"A. Akiyama, J. Hirokawa, M. Ando, E. Takeda, Y. Arai","doi":"10.1109/APS.1999.788381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1999.788381","url":null,"abstract":"Conical beam concentric array radial slot line antennas (RSLA) have been fabricated for the 60 GHz band. A PTFE substrate with copper foils is used. The coaxial feeder has been modified to improve the reflection. The measured reflection has revealed that the -15 dB bandwidth is about 500 MHz around the design frequency. The bandwidth of the gain has also improved because of the feeder modification.","PeriodicalId":391546,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124409462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many cellular telephone networks are in the midst of migrating from analog to digital radio air interfaces. This paper examines the network performance of smart antenna architectures designed for current dual-mode AMPS and CDMA cellular networks. The proposed smart antenna approach is implemented as a non-invasive add-on to existing base stations with the goal of addressing many of the fundamental performance limitations that exist within these networks. Traditionally smart antennas are used to improve capacity by increasing traffic channel carrier-to-interference (C/I) ratios, resulting in tightened frequency reuse for FDMA networks. In this paper the focus is turned instead to non-traditional methods for phased-array antenna deployments to improve capacity in CDMA networks through traffic load balancing, handoff management and network-wide interference control.
{"title":"Applications of smart antennas in cellular networks","authors":"M. Feuerstein","doi":"10.1109/APS.1999.789504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1999.789504","url":null,"abstract":"Many cellular telephone networks are in the midst of migrating from analog to digital radio air interfaces. This paper examines the network performance of smart antenna architectures designed for current dual-mode AMPS and CDMA cellular networks. The proposed smart antenna approach is implemented as a non-invasive add-on to existing base stations with the goal of addressing many of the fundamental performance limitations that exist within these networks. Traditionally smart antennas are used to improve capacity by increasing traffic channel carrier-to-interference (C/I) ratios, resulting in tightened frequency reuse for FDMA networks. In this paper the focus is turned instead to non-traditional methods for phased-array antenna deployments to improve capacity in CDMA networks through traffic load balancing, handoff management and network-wide interference control.","PeriodicalId":391546,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116973399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H.E. Abd El-Raouf, E.A. El-Diwani, A. El-Hadi Ammar, F.M. El-Hefnaw
A second order in time-fourth order in space modified finite difference time domain algorithm for 3D electromagnetic problems is presented. The algorithm enables the numerical phase error to be minimized, so that it leads to high accuracy with low resolution grids. Good results for long distance propagation in the case of radiation from time harmonic elementary dipole show the advantage of this method with low resolution compared to the previous finite difference time domain methods.
{"title":"A modified 3D fourth order FDTD algorithm M3d/sub 24/ for improving phase accuracy with low resolution","authors":"H.E. Abd El-Raouf, E.A. El-Diwani, A. El-Hadi Ammar, F.M. El-Hefnaw","doi":"10.1109/APS.1999.789115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1999.789115","url":null,"abstract":"A second order in time-fourth order in space modified finite difference time domain algorithm for 3D electromagnetic problems is presented. The algorithm enables the numerical phase error to be minimized, so that it leads to high accuracy with low resolution grids. Good results for long distance propagation in the case of radiation from time harmonic elementary dipole show the advantage of this method with low resolution compared to the previous finite difference time domain methods.","PeriodicalId":391546,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)","volume":"129 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117208430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors investigate radio propagation in the GSM 900 and 1800 MHz bands in a typical Swedish suburban environment to determine whether or not it is practically feasible to co-site GSM 900 with GSM 1800 systems. They show that propagation in the GSM 1800 band is considerable higher (about 12 dB) than in the old GSM 900. In many cases this difference can be reduced by using dual band sector antennas with 3 dB higher gain at 1800 MHz. However, they also show that in small cells (radius <1000 m) this difference is of little concern and therefore it is possible to co-locate GSM 1800 sites within existing 900 MHz sites as a cost-effective way to increase the system capacity.
{"title":"Downlink propagation measurements in the GSM 900 and 1800 MHz bands","authors":"M. Ahlberg, B. Lindmark, J. Simons, C. Beckman","doi":"10.1109/APS.1999.788229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1999.788229","url":null,"abstract":"The authors investigate radio propagation in the GSM 900 and 1800 MHz bands in a typical Swedish suburban environment to determine whether or not it is practically feasible to co-site GSM 900 with GSM 1800 systems. They show that propagation in the GSM 1800 band is considerable higher (about 12 dB) than in the old GSM 900. In many cases this difference can be reduced by using dual band sector antennas with 3 dB higher gain at 1800 MHz. However, they also show that in small cells (radius <1000 m) this difference is of little concern and therefore it is possible to co-locate GSM 1800 sites within existing 900 MHz sites as a cost-effective way to increase the system capacity.","PeriodicalId":391546,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121038428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The widespread use of complex materials (e.g., bianisotropic, nonreciprocal), in the form of thin coatings on conducting bodies, e.g., in shielding and backscattering reduction/enhancement applications, demands more efficient CAD tools based on effective models. Approximate impedance boundary conditions (IBCs), whenever applicable, can be very helpful in reducing the computational cost of numerical methods. Hoppe and Rahmat-Samii (1995) devised a spectral domain approach for systematically deriving higher-order IBCs (HOIBCs) for piecewise homogeneous coatings with arbitrary constitutive properties on planar and as well as curved metallic boundaries. This approach turns out to be very well suited for CAD implementations, on account of its wide applicability and high accuracy. In this article, we extend the aforementioned method by studying the problem of scattering by an isotropic, longitudinally inhomogeneous, dielectric coating on a general (i.e., polarization-rotating) impedance planar boundary. Such an extension allows an easy handling of multilayer coatings consisting of arbitrarily stacked homogeneous bianisotropic and inhomogeneous dielectric layers.
{"title":"Higher-order impedance boundary conditions for complex layered planar coatings","authors":"V. Galdi, I. Pinto","doi":"10.1109/APS.1999.789551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1999.789551","url":null,"abstract":"The widespread use of complex materials (e.g., bianisotropic, nonreciprocal), in the form of thin coatings on conducting bodies, e.g., in shielding and backscattering reduction/enhancement applications, demands more efficient CAD tools based on effective models. Approximate impedance boundary conditions (IBCs), whenever applicable, can be very helpful in reducing the computational cost of numerical methods. Hoppe and Rahmat-Samii (1995) devised a spectral domain approach for systematically deriving higher-order IBCs (HOIBCs) for piecewise homogeneous coatings with arbitrary constitutive properties on planar and as well as curved metallic boundaries. This approach turns out to be very well suited for CAD implementations, on account of its wide applicability and high accuracy. In this article, we extend the aforementioned method by studying the problem of scattering by an isotropic, longitudinally inhomogeneous, dielectric coating on a general (i.e., polarization-rotating) impedance planar boundary. Such an extension allows an easy handling of multilayer coatings consisting of arbitrarily stacked homogeneous bianisotropic and inhomogeneous dielectric layers.","PeriodicalId":391546,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127307288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For electrically large problems, the numerical dispersion inherent in the classical Yee finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm can introduce significant errors. Over the past ten years there have been several FDTD schemes published with the goal of reducing dispersion errors. In this paper, a comparison of the 2-D dispersion error of several of these low-dispersion schemes is made. The accuracy of each FDTD scheme is compared via direct evaluation of the dispersion relation governing the algorithm. In addition, numerical experiments were performed to verify the derived dispersion relations. The algorithms compared include Krumpholz and Katehi's MRTD scheme (1996), Hadi and Piket-May's M24 scheme (1997), Cole's Non-Standard scheme (1997), Forgy's isotropic scheme (1998), Nehrbass, Jetvic and Lee's (NJL) reduced dispersion scheme (1998), and Turkel's Ty(2,4) implicit scheme (1998). The dispersion characteristics are typically derived by assuming a time harmonic plane-wave solution in an isotropic, homogeneous, linear and lossless medium.
{"title":"Relative accuracy of several low-dispersion finite-difference time-domain schemes","authors":"K. Shlager, J. Schneider","doi":"10.1109/APS.1999.789108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1999.789108","url":null,"abstract":"For electrically large problems, the numerical dispersion inherent in the classical Yee finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) algorithm can introduce significant errors. Over the past ten years there have been several FDTD schemes published with the goal of reducing dispersion errors. In this paper, a comparison of the 2-D dispersion error of several of these low-dispersion schemes is made. The accuracy of each FDTD scheme is compared via direct evaluation of the dispersion relation governing the algorithm. In addition, numerical experiments were performed to verify the derived dispersion relations. The algorithms compared include Krumpholz and Katehi's MRTD scheme (1996), Hadi and Piket-May's M24 scheme (1997), Cole's Non-Standard scheme (1997), Forgy's isotropic scheme (1998), Nehrbass, Jetvic and Lee's (NJL) reduced dispersion scheme (1998), and Turkel's Ty(2,4) implicit scheme (1998). The dispersion characteristics are typically derived by assuming a time harmonic plane-wave solution in an isotropic, homogeneous, linear and lossless medium.","PeriodicalId":391546,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125517729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The authors describe the proposed figure of merit and use it to evaluate the relative merit of some specific single layer and stacked patch antennas. The proposed quantity gives the designer an understanding and limit of both the radiation efficiency and achievable impedance bandwidth of the printed antenna. Importantly, the quantity can be determined without the need for a numerically intensive full-wave analysis and can be applied, not only to single layer patches, but stacked geometries as well. The figure of merit is valid for probe-fed, edge-fed and proximity coupled patches. It also holds for aperture coupled patches as long as the slot is not too large. The theory behind this figure of merit is derived for a circular patch geometry, although it can easily be applied to other conductor shapes, such as rectangular or triangular. Results for circular microstrip patches using various materials are provided, including broadband stacked patches and stacked patches utilising high dielectric constant and low dielectric constant material combinations. From the results given it is evident that the derived figure of merit provides a good basis for the design of microstrip patch antennas.
{"title":"Figure of merit for the design of microstrip patch antennas","authors":"D. M. Kokotoff, R. Waterhouse, J. Aberle","doi":"10.1109/APS.1999.789312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APS.1999.789312","url":null,"abstract":"The authors describe the proposed figure of merit and use it to evaluate the relative merit of some specific single layer and stacked patch antennas. The proposed quantity gives the designer an understanding and limit of both the radiation efficiency and achievable impedance bandwidth of the printed antenna. Importantly, the quantity can be determined without the need for a numerically intensive full-wave analysis and can be applied, not only to single layer patches, but stacked geometries as well. The figure of merit is valid for probe-fed, edge-fed and proximity coupled patches. It also holds for aperture coupled patches as long as the slot is not too large. The theory behind this figure of merit is derived for a circular patch geometry, although it can easily be applied to other conductor shapes, such as rectangular or triangular. Results for circular microstrip patches using various materials are provided, including broadband stacked patches and stacked patches utilising high dielectric constant and low dielectric constant material combinations. From the results given it is evident that the derived figure of merit provides a good basis for the design of microstrip patch antennas.","PeriodicalId":391546,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125689962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium. 1999 Digest. Held in conjunction with: USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37010)
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