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PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY最新文献

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Isolated optic nerve relapse in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. T 细胞急性淋巴细胞白血病的孤立性视神经复发。
IF 2.4 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2024-004375
Isana Nakajima, Yuko Shirouchi, Yuka Morita, Hideki Tsuji
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引用次数: 0
Editors' commentary. 编辑评论。
IF 2.4 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2024-004387
Philip Smith, Geraint N Fuller
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引用次数: 0
Neuromuscular junction disorders: mimics and chameleons. 神经肌肉接头疾病：模仿者和变色龙。
IF 2.4 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2024-004148
Shadi El-Wahsh, Clare Fraser, Steve Vucic, Stephen Reddel

Neuromuscular junction (NMJ) disorders represent a heterogenous group of acquired and congenital disorders that present in variable and distinctive ways. The diagnosis is typically reached through a combination of clinical, serological, pharmacological and electrophysiological evaluation. While the diagnosis can be fairly straightforward in some cases, the overlap with other neurological disorders can make diagnosis challenging, particularly in pure ocular presentations and in seronegative patients. The over-reliance on serological tests and electrophysiological evaluation in isolation can lead to misdiagnosis. In this article, we provide an overview of the NMJ disorders, discuss red flags for the key differential diagnoses (mimics) and report the atypical ways in which NMJ disorders may present (chameleons).

神经肌肉接头（NMJ）疾病是一组后天性和先天性疾病，表现形式各不相同，且各具特色。诊断通常需要结合临床、血清学、药理学和电生理学评估。虽然在某些病例中诊断相当简单，但与其他神经系统疾病的重叠会使诊断具有挑战性，尤其是在单纯的眼部表现和血清阴性的患者中。过分依赖血清学检测和电生理学评估可能会导致误诊。在本文中，我们将概述 NMJ 疾病，讨论主要鉴别诊断（拟态）的警示信号，并报告 NMJ 疾病的非典型表现形式（变色龙）。
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引用次数: 0
Islands and bridges in healthcare: the importance of general neurology. 医疗保健中的岛屿和桥梁：普通神经病学的重要性。
IF 2.4 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2023-004080
Rui Araújo, Nens van Alfen, Saskia Middeldorp, Bastiaan R Bloem
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引用次数: 0
ABN news. ABN 新闻。
IF 2.4 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2024-004421
Biba Stanton, Maya McCourt
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引用次数: 0
Epilepsy surgery after bilateral frontal lobe trauma. 双侧额叶外伤后的癫痫手术。
IF 2.4 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2024-004178
Aayesha Jalaluddin Soni, James Butler
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引用次数: 0
Preconception counselling in women with epilepsy. 癫痫妇女的孕前咨询。
IF 2.4 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2023-003902
Emily J Pegg, Rebecca Bromley, Farhat Mirza, Ellen Campbell

Pregnancy and the postpartum period are potentially high-risk periods for women with epilepsy and their babies. All women with epilepsy should have the opportunity for preconception counselling with the aim of reducing risk, optimising outcomes for the potentially developing fetus and enabling informed decision-making. This article provides an evidence-based framework for preconception counselling discussion, including the review of diagnosis and of current antiseizure medication, the risk to the fetus in relation to antiseizure medication and maternal seizures, maternal morbidity, SUDEP risk, folic acid supplements, contraception, breastfeeding and safety advice.

怀孕和产后是癫痫妇女及其婴儿的潜在高危期。所有患癫痫的妇女都应该有机会接受孕前咨询，目的是降低风险、优化可能发育中的胎儿的预后，以及让她们能够做出明智的决策。本文为孕前咨询讨论提供了一个基于证据的框架，包括对诊断和当前抗癫痫药物的审查、与抗癫痫药物和母体癫痫发作有关的胎儿风险、母体发病率、 SUDEP 风险、叶酸补充剂、避孕、母乳喂养和安全建议。
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引用次数: 0
Glaucoma: what the neurologist needs to know. 青光眼：神经科医生须知。
IF 2.4 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2023-003905
Gavin L Reynolds, Gordon Plant, Simon Epps, Rani Sebastian, Luke Bennetto

Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy resulting from pathological changes at the optic disc due to elevated intraocular pressure. Its diagnosis, treatment and follow-up are almost entirely conducted in ophthalmology clinics, with screening conducted by community optometrists. Despite this, neurologists may encounter glaucoma in both its acute presentation (as angle closure, presenting as acute headache) and its chronic forms (often as optic neuropathy of unknown cause). An awareness of the underlying pathological process, and the key distinguishing signs and symptoms, will allow neurologists to identify the glaucomatous process rapidly. Timely referral is essential as glaucoma invariably results in progressive visual loss without treatment. This review therefore condenses the wide field of glaucoma into a practical summary, aimed at practitioners with limited clinical experience of this ophthalmic condition.

青光眼是一种渐进性视神经病变，是由于眼压升高导致视盘发生病理变化所致。青光眼的诊断、治疗和随访几乎完全在眼科诊所进行，由社区验光师进行筛查。尽管如此，神经科医生可能会遇到急性青光眼（表现为闭角，表现为急性头痛）和慢性青光眼（通常表现为原因不明的视神经病变）。了解潜在的病理过程以及关键的鉴别体征和症状，可以让神经科医生迅速识别青光眼过程。及时转诊至关重要，因为青光眼如果不治疗，必然会导致视力逐渐减退。因此，本综述将广阔的青光眼领域浓缩为一份实用的摘要，面向对这种眼科疾病临床经验有限的从业人员。
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引用次数: 0
Lip and tongue biting in patients with a brain injury: a practical guide. 脑损伤患者咬唇和咬舌：实用指南。
IF 2.4 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2024-004210
Lily Parsons, Mili Doshi, Carmel Rice

Patients who have sustained a profound brain injury often bite their lips and tongue, damaging their oral tissues. Lip and tongue biting usually occurs in patients with atypical oral reflexes and can lead to severe trauma to soft tissues, resulting in pain, lacerations, swelling, bleeding, ulceration and difficulties providing oral care. Due to the prevalence of lip and tongue biting, healthcare professionals involved in their care must be aware of the presentation, prevention and management, and when and how to refer to dental services.

深度脑损伤患者经常会咬嘴唇和舌头，从而损伤口腔组织。咬唇和咬舌通常发生在口腔反射不典型的患者身上，可导致软组织严重创伤，造成疼痛、撕裂、肿胀、出血、溃疡和口腔护理困难。由于咬唇和咬舌的发生率很高，因此参与护理的医护人员必须了解咬唇和咬舌的表现、预防和处理方法，以及何时和如何转诊至牙科服务机构。
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引用次数: 0
How neurologists can care better on a changing planet. 神经科医生如何在不断变化的地球上提供更好的医疗服务。
IF 2.4 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1136/pn-2024-004295
James Bashford, Anjum Misbahuddin, Jan Coebergh
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引用次数: 0
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