Pub Date : 2022-04-05DOI: 10.21107/kukuhwinarso.2022.04.05
Kukuh Winarso, S. Akhmad, R. Hidayat, Arie Wahyu Prananta, Z. Abidin
Salt is a strategic commodity as a consumption requirement that contains several substances, including the content of NaCl. Salt is produced with three types of qualities which include salt quality one, salt quality two, and salt quality three. Salt quality three is salt that has the lowest quality such as the color of salt that is dull and not consumed. These three quality salts are usually used for agriculture and agriculture. Improvement of salt quality is done by doing the process of recrystallization which then the results of the recrystallization process are measured by looking at changes in NaCl content and salt color. This research was conducted in West Pademawu, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency as a place to recrystallize salt and Village Unit Cooperatives "Karya Sakti" Montok Larangan District Pamekasan Regency as a place to conduct laboratory tests on the content of NaCl. The analysis used to determine the improvement in salt quality is the content of NaCl and the color of salt. The research design used is a complete random design (RAL) factorial. The use of the factorial RAL method has three factors, namely, the first factor is the composition of the solution with two levels, namely 15% and 20%. The second factor is the temperature with two levels is 110oC and 120oC. The third factor is the length of boiling with two levels, namely one hour and two hours. Data is analyzed by conducting Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) tests and further tests.. The results of the analysis showed that no significant influence was influenced by the interaction factors between the composition of the solution, temperature, and length of boiling of NaCl and salt color. But from the results of the process of recrystallization of NaCl salt content and salt color experienced an increase that originally had NaCl content of 94,59% to 98%. Similarly, the color of salt has increased which was originally at the 4th level then increased to level 2. With the process of recrystallization of salt, salt that was original of three qualities increased to two qualities.
{"title":"Continuous Quality Improvement of People's Salt Production to Achieve SNI Salt Through the Process of Recrystallization of Salt Quality III","authors":"Kukuh Winarso, S. Akhmad, R. Hidayat, Arie Wahyu Prananta, Z. Abidin","doi":"10.21107/kukuhwinarso.2022.04.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21107/kukuhwinarso.2022.04.05","url":null,"abstract":"Salt is a strategic commodity as a consumption requirement that contains several substances, including the content of NaCl. Salt is produced with three types of qualities which include salt quality one, salt quality two, and salt quality three. Salt quality three is salt that has the lowest quality such as the color of salt that is dull and not consumed. These three quality salts are usually used for agriculture and agriculture. Improvement of salt quality is done by doing the process of recrystallization which then the results of the recrystallization process are measured by looking at changes in NaCl content and salt color. This research was conducted in West Pademawu, Pademawu District, Pamekasan Regency as a place to recrystallize salt and Village Unit Cooperatives \"Karya Sakti\" Montok Larangan District Pamekasan Regency as a place to conduct laboratory tests on the content of NaCl. The analysis used to determine the improvement in salt quality is the content of NaCl and the color of salt. The research design used is a complete random design (RAL) factorial. The use of the factorial RAL method has three factors, namely, the first factor is the composition of the solution with two levels, namely 15% and 20%. The second factor is the temperature with two levels is 110oC and 120oC. The third factor is the length of boiling with two levels, namely one hour and two hours. Data is analyzed by conducting Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) tests and further tests.. The results of the analysis showed that no significant influence was influenced by the interaction factors between the composition of the solution, temperature, and length of boiling of NaCl and salt color. But from the results of the process of recrystallization of NaCl salt content and salt color experienced an increase that originally had NaCl content of 94,59% to 98%. Similarly, the color of salt has increased which was originally at the 4th level then increased to level 2. With the process of recrystallization of salt, salt that was original of three qualities increased to two qualities.","PeriodicalId":39371,"journal":{"name":"岩土工程学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83333661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-05DOI: 10.21107/sabarudin.2022.04.05
S. Akhmad, Kukuh Winarso, R. Hidayat, Arie Wahyu Prananta, Z. Abidin
The main problem faced to develop the Madura corn industry that can compete in the global market is that corn research is still fragmented not fully integrated. For example, research only focuses on Madura corn seedlings, corn cultivation methods, corn processing, corn derivative products. All corn research is done alone has not been fully integrated. Whereas to make a Madura corn industry that can compete in the global market, integrated studies ranging from superior seed supply, guaranteed fertilizer supply, land to grow well-maintained corn, adequate transportation tools, transportation lines, production processes, warehouses, retail to the end-user of corn. The most likely approach with supply chain models and interval models. The point obtained is in accordance with the number of existing farmer groups, namely 534 groups of farmers with the number of representative warehouses as many as 7 warehouses and the representative point of farmers groups by grouping a number of 96 groups of farmers. The representative warehouse placement area based on the selected coordinate point is the 1st Warehouse with a coordinate point of -7.061796 LS, 113.433065 BT is at Glugur 1,. Palengaan Laok, Palengaan District, 2nd Warehouse with coordinate point -7.090207 LS, 113.557724 BT is at Kadur, Kadur District, 3rd Warehouse with coordinate point -7.143604 LS, 113.427529 BT is at Tengah, Talangoh, Proppo District, 4th Warehouse with coordinate point -7.182906 LS, 113.498554 BT is at Kebon, Sumedagan, Pademawu District, 5th Warehouse with coordinate point -6.946236 LS, 113.506879 BT is at Camplok Barat, West Lesong, Batumarmar District, 6th Warehouse with coordinate point -6.925745 LS, 113.535418 BT is at Tengah, Tagengser Dajah, Pasean District, 7th Warehouse with coordinate point -6.919440 LS, 113.606958 BT is at Kolla, West Dempo, Pasean District. Total transportation cost = Rp 30,300,000 + Rp 118,657 = Rp 30,418,675,- Transportation rate = Rp 30,418,675 / 151014 kg = Rp 201,- / kg / km.
{"title":"Optimization of Madura Corn Supply Chain Network in Bangkalan District","authors":"S. Akhmad, Kukuh Winarso, R. Hidayat, Arie Wahyu Prananta, Z. Abidin","doi":"10.21107/sabarudin.2022.04.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21107/sabarudin.2022.04.05","url":null,"abstract":"The main problem faced to develop the Madura corn industry that can compete in the global market is that corn research is still fragmented not fully integrated. For example, research only focuses on Madura corn seedlings, corn cultivation methods, corn processing, corn derivative products. All corn research is done alone has not been fully integrated. Whereas to make a Madura corn industry that can compete in the global market, integrated studies ranging from superior seed supply, guaranteed fertilizer supply, land to grow well-maintained corn, adequate transportation tools, transportation lines, production processes, warehouses, retail to the end-user of corn. The most likely approach with supply chain models and interval models. The point obtained is in accordance with the number of existing farmer groups, namely 534 groups of farmers with the number of representative warehouses as many as 7 warehouses and the representative point of farmers groups by grouping a number of 96 groups of farmers. The representative warehouse placement area based on the selected coordinate point is the 1st Warehouse with a coordinate point of -7.061796 LS, 113.433065 BT is at Glugur 1,. Palengaan Laok, Palengaan District, 2nd Warehouse with coordinate point -7.090207 LS, 113.557724 BT is at Kadur, Kadur District, 3rd Warehouse with coordinate point -7.143604 LS, 113.427529 BT is at Tengah, Talangoh, Proppo District, 4th Warehouse with coordinate point -7.182906 LS, 113.498554 BT is at Kebon, Sumedagan, Pademawu District, 5th Warehouse with coordinate point -6.946236 LS, 113.506879 BT is at Camplok Barat, West Lesong, Batumarmar District, 6th Warehouse with coordinate point -6.925745 LS, 113.535418 BT is at Tengah, Tagengser Dajah, Pasean District, 7th Warehouse with coordinate point -6.919440 LS, 113.606958 BT is at Kolla, West Dempo, Pasean District. Total transportation cost = Rp 30,300,000 + Rp 118,657 = Rp 30,418,675,- Transportation rate = Rp 30,418,675 / 151014 kg = Rp 201,- / kg / km.","PeriodicalId":39371,"journal":{"name":"岩土工程学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79484626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hai jun Wang, Lei Tang, X. Ren, L. Zhong, Fu An Si, Ariel Hsieh
{"title":"岩石变形记忆效应：应用、试验与理论","authors":"Hai jun Wang, Lei Tang, X. Ren, L. Zhong, Fu An Si, Ariel Hsieh","doi":"10.11779/CJGE201809002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11779/CJGE201809002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39371,"journal":{"name":"岩土工程学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85864603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-09-01DOI: 10.1016/J.ENGGEO.2017.09.014
Wangchao Yuan
{"title":"Double-parameter binary-medium model for fissured loess","authors":"Wangchao Yuan","doi":"10.1016/J.ENGGEO.2017.09.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENGGEO.2017.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39371,"journal":{"name":"岩土工程学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74971834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of pile driving force, plastic zone around the pile tip and anti-sliding action of the pile body on safety factor of sliding surface is investigated by using the stability calculation methods for slopes based on the cavity expansion theory with the consideration of elasto-plasticity of soil. Through a numerical case, change of safety factor in the whole process of the pile driving is analyzed. And the effect of pile diameter, slope angle and distance between pile and slope top on the change of safety factor of slope is discussed. The results show that the pile driving force and the plastic zone at pile top have an adverse effect on slope stability, which leads to a decrease in the safety factor, while the anti-sliding effect of the pile has a positive contribution to the slope stability, especially when the end of pile is below the sliding surface. The safety factor decreases significantly with the increase of the pile diameter, and it significantly increases after the pile end penetrates through the sliding surface. The greater the slope angle, the smaller the safety factor after pile driving. The safety factor drops more slowly with the increase of the distance of the pile away from the slope top, and the effect of the plastic zone on the safety factor also gradually decreases. The pile driving will not affect the stability of the sliding surface when the pile is far from the top of the slope. The results may provide some guiding significance and reference value for the design and construction of static pile driving adjacent to slopes.
{"title":"Effect of pile driving adjacent to soil slopes on safety factor of specific sliding surface","authors":"Pingping Rao, Ji-fei Cui, Linxue Zhao","doi":"10.11779/CJGE201609020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11779/CJGE201609020","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of pile driving force, plastic zone around the pile tip and anti-sliding action of the pile body on safety factor of sliding surface is investigated by using the stability calculation methods for slopes based on the cavity expansion theory with the consideration of elasto-plasticity of soil. Through a numerical case, change of safety factor in the whole process of the pile driving is analyzed. And the effect of pile diameter, slope angle and distance between pile and slope top on the change of safety factor of slope is discussed. The results show that the pile driving force and the plastic zone at pile top have an adverse effect on slope stability, which leads to a decrease in the safety factor, while the anti-sliding effect of the pile has a positive contribution to the slope stability, especially when the end of pile is below the sliding surface. The safety factor decreases significantly with the increase of the pile diameter, and it significantly increases after the pile end penetrates through the sliding surface. The greater the slope angle, the smaller the safety factor after pile driving. The safety factor drops more slowly with the increase of the distance of the pile away from the slope top, and the effect of the plastic zone on the safety factor also gradually decreases. The pile driving will not affect the stability of the sliding surface when the pile is far from the top of the slope. The results may provide some guiding significance and reference value for the design and construction of static pile driving adjacent to slopes.","PeriodicalId":39371,"journal":{"name":"岩土工程学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82458094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The partially embedded pile groups bear tremendous moments generated by wind loads due to the large height of the offshore wind turbine structures. It is of great importance to consider the rocking vibration of the foundations in the lateral vibration analyses of wind turbine structures. In order to avoid resonance, which is very dangerous to high structures, the first-order natural frequencies of the wind turbine structures are always designed as away from 1P and 3P(2P) ones, so it is very important to calculate the natural frequencies of the wind turbine structures accurately during the design procedures. At present, the methods for calculating the dynamic characteristics of the wind turbine structures, including the natural frequencies, are usually based on the assumption of base fixity. Inaccuracies may occur in these methods for not considering the impedance of foundations. In this work, the coupled horizontal-rocking impedance of the pile group is derived and its impact on the resonance characteristics of the wind turbine structures is studied. First, a simplified method to determine the horizontal-rocking impedance of the pile group with dynamic Winkler model is proposed and verified by comparison against some published accurate solutions. Second, a lateral vibration equation for the wind turbine structures is derived with the consideration of the foundation impedance. Finally, through an example of wind turbine structure, the influence of the foundation impedance on the resonance characteristics of the structure is studied, and the proposed simplified method is verified by use of the finite element method.
{"title":"Coupled horizontal-rocking vibration of partially embedded pile groups and its effect on resonance of offshore wind turbine structures","authors":"Maosong Huang, Rui Zhong","doi":"10.11779/CJGE201402003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11779/CJGE201402003","url":null,"abstract":"The partially embedded pile groups bear tremendous moments generated by wind loads due to the large height of the offshore wind turbine structures. It is of great importance to consider the rocking vibration of the foundations in the lateral vibration analyses of wind turbine structures. In order to avoid resonance, which is very dangerous to high structures, the first-order natural frequencies of the wind turbine structures are always designed as away from 1P and 3P(2P) ones, so it is very important to calculate the natural frequencies of the wind turbine structures accurately during the design procedures. At present, the methods for calculating the dynamic characteristics of the wind turbine structures, including the natural frequencies, are usually based on the assumption of base fixity. Inaccuracies may occur in these methods for not considering the impedance of foundations. In this work, the coupled horizontal-rocking impedance of the pile group is derived and its impact on the resonance characteristics of the wind turbine structures is studied. First, a simplified method to determine the horizontal-rocking impedance of the pile group with dynamic Winkler model is proposed and verified by comparison against some published accurate solutions. Second, a lateral vibration equation for the wind turbine structures is derived with the consideration of the foundation impedance. Finally, through an example of wind turbine structure, the influence of the foundation impedance on the resonance characteristics of the structure is studied, and the proposed simplified method is verified by use of the finite element method.","PeriodicalId":39371,"journal":{"name":"岩土工程学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90913605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coupled CFD-DEM method for soils incorporating equation of state for liquid","authors":"M. Jiang, Wang-cheng Zhang","doi":"10.11779/CJGE201405001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11779/CJGE201405001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39371,"journal":{"name":"岩土工程学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82830915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dam seepage flow contains many kinds of materials, forming the information flow, the information entropy of which can be used to determine the nature of the flow field; and the water chemistry and environmental isotope detection methods have been widely applied. Based on the knowledge of information entropy and set pair analysis, a new method consisting of water chemistry and environmental isotope detection, entropy weight-set pair analysis model, is introduced to ascertain the dam concentration leakage channels. Firstly, PH, conductance, Cl, δD and δO are chosen as five detection indexes, and the connection degree of each index value to the classification standard is calculated. Then, the weight of each index is determined by using the information entropy weight method based on the principle of the maximum entropy. After that, the comprehensive connection degree of all samples from the drilling is calculated, and thus all the samples are classified so as to determine the resource of water. Finally, this new method is applied to detect the dam leakage channels of one south reservoir and the results are tested and improved by the method of horizontal velocity and temperature detection. It is concluded that the results of the entropy weight-set pair analysis model match those of the horizontal velocity and temperature detection very well.
{"title":"Entropy weight-set pair analysis (SPA) for dam leakage detection","authors":"Tao Wang, Jiansheng Chen, Tingting Wang","doi":"10.11779/CJGE201411021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11779/CJGE201411021","url":null,"abstract":"The dam seepage flow contains many kinds of materials, forming the information flow, the information entropy of which can be used to determine the nature of the flow field; and the water chemistry and environmental isotope detection methods have been widely applied. Based on the knowledge of information entropy and set pair analysis, a new method consisting of water chemistry and environmental isotope detection, entropy weight-set pair analysis model, is introduced to ascertain the dam concentration leakage channels. Firstly, PH, conductance, Cl, δD and δO are chosen as five detection indexes, and the connection degree of each index value to the classification standard is calculated. Then, the weight of each index is determined by using the information entropy weight method based on the principle of the maximum entropy. After that, the comprehensive connection degree of all samples from the drilling is calculated, and thus all the samples are classified so as to determine the resource of water. Finally, this new method is applied to detect the dam leakage channels of one south reservoir and the results are tested and improved by the method of horizontal velocity and temperature detection. It is concluded that the results of the entropy weight-set pair analysis model match those of the horizontal velocity and temperature detection very well.","PeriodicalId":39371,"journal":{"name":"岩土工程学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80544572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianjin Chen, Jian-Hua Wang, R. Liang, Wei-Wei Fan, Wei-dong Wang
Soil unloading and rebound induced by large-scale deep excavation may affect the performance and integrity of existing piles inside the excavation zone,especially for up-lift piles.The non-linear finite element is employed to investigate the behavior of the up-lift piles in Shanghai Expo Underground Substation Project during deep excavation.Parameters of the subsoil are obtained by inverse analysis of the load tests on the up-lift piles.The behavior of the up-lift piles during deep excavation and under normal working load is analyzed by using the parameters.Results show that the tension force induced by excavation exerts a more negative influence on up-lift piles than normal piles.Therefore this pretension should be taken into consideration during pile design.Analysis shows the bottom-enlarged up-lift piles are subjected to a larger pretension force during excavation than ordinary up-lift piles.The pretension force of piles under working load can be deduced from the combination of the tension force induced by excavation and the tension force induced by working load.
{"title":"Behavior of Uplift Pile Foundation during Large-Scale Deep Excavation","authors":"Jianjin Chen, Jian-Hua Wang, R. Liang, Wei-Wei Fan, Wei-dong Wang","doi":"10.1061/41095(365)175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1061/41095(365)175","url":null,"abstract":"Soil unloading and rebound induced by large-scale deep excavation may affect the performance and integrity of existing piles inside the excavation zone,especially for up-lift piles.The non-linear finite element is employed to investigate the behavior of the up-lift piles in Shanghai Expo Underground Substation Project during deep excavation.Parameters of the subsoil are obtained by inverse analysis of the load tests on the up-lift piles.The behavior of the up-lift piles during deep excavation and under normal working load is analyzed by using the parameters.Results show that the tension force induced by excavation exerts a more negative influence on up-lift piles than normal piles.Therefore this pretension should be taken into consideration during pile design.Analysis shows the bottom-enlarged up-lift piles are subjected to a larger pretension force during excavation than ordinary up-lift piles.The pretension force of piles under working load can be deduced from the combination of the tension force induced by excavation and the tension force induced by working load.","PeriodicalId":39371,"journal":{"name":"岩土工程学报","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90973751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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