Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0008
Tom Licence
This chapter analyzes how Edward the Confessor strived for the throne and how he was ruled by his in-laws. It points out that Edward regarded the throne as a birthright that he strived for and obtained. It talks about the decades spent awaiting Edward's inheritance that translated into a conscientious ethic of service. The chapter explains Edward's preference for peace for himself and his neighbors, which is an indication of how suffering left him with little appetite for harshness and with a need to cling to favourites. It mentions the innovative systems he implemented for defending the coast and the Welsh march as well as the work he has done for the military and spiritual safeguarding of his subjects. It also looks into Edward's response to reform the papacy with practical initiatives.
{"title":"Conclusion","authors":"Tom Licence","doi":"10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyzes how Edward the Confessor strived for the throne and how he was ruled by his in-laws. It points out that Edward regarded the throne as a birthright that he strived for and obtained. It talks about the decades spent awaiting Edward's inheritance that translated into a conscientious ethic of service. The chapter explains Edward's preference for peace for himself and his neighbors, which is an indication of how suffering left him with little appetite for harshness and with a need to cling to favourites. It mentions the innovative systems he implemented for defending the coast and the Welsh march as well as the work he has done for the military and spiritual safeguarding of his subjects. It also looks into Edward's response to reform the papacy with practical initiatives.","PeriodicalId":393927,"journal":{"name":"Edward the Confessor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126736442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0005
Tom Licence
This chapter focuses on the years from 1049 to 1053, a delineated a period of political struggle which reconfigured Edward the Confessor's alliances. It explains how Edward had to contend with the developing threats from Flanders to the east and Gruffudd ap Rhydderch to the west. It also talks about Edward's installation of his own candidates in the archbishoprics in several important offices, which collided with other powerful agents who sought to install theirs. The chapter analyzes how Edward had to raise his political game to become a European player abroad and how he had to integrate newcomers into a small and jealous circle of lords without somehow upsetting the balance. It also assesses how Edward would negotiate the first rebellion of his reign.
{"title":"Conflict","authors":"Tom Licence","doi":"10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on the years from 1049 to 1053, a delineated a period of political struggle which reconfigured Edward the Confessor's alliances. It explains how Edward had to contend with the developing threats from Flanders to the east and Gruffudd ap Rhydderch to the west. It also talks about Edward's installation of his own candidates in the archbishoprics in several important offices, which collided with other powerful agents who sought to install theirs. The chapter analyzes how Edward had to raise his political game to become a European player abroad and how he had to integrate newcomers into a small and jealous circle of lords without somehow upsetting the balance. It also assesses how Edward would negotiate the first rebellion of his reign.","PeriodicalId":393927,"journal":{"name":"Edward the Confessor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124178357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0002
Tom Licence
This chapter begins with the history of Edward the Confessor's father, Æthelred. It is followed by events on Æthelred's marriage to Emma of Normandy. It describes how Edward spent the first part of his life in Normandy and how he grew up with deep religious views. The chapter explains how Edward had gained the nickname “Confessor” for his faith. It talks about the Viking raids in England by Sweyn Forkbeard and Cnut. It narrates the death of Æthelred when Edward was about eleven and how he was chosen by the witan and garrison to be the new king, though not unanimously for some sided with Cnut.
{"title":"Childhood","authors":"Tom Licence","doi":"10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter begins with the history of Edward the Confessor's father, Æthelred. It is followed by events on Æthelred's marriage to Emma of Normandy. It describes how Edward spent the first part of his life in Normandy and how he grew up with deep religious views. The chapter explains how Edward had gained the nickname “Confessor” for his faith. It talks about the Viking raids in England by Sweyn Forkbeard and Cnut. It narrates the death of Æthelred when Edward was about eleven and how he was chosen by the witan and garrison to be the new king, though not unanimously for some sided with Cnut.","PeriodicalId":393927,"journal":{"name":"Edward the Confessor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122940338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.1163/9789004249707_vsr_dum_00000357
Tom Licence
This chapter gives an overview of Edward the Confessor's kingship after the witan received him upon the condition that he uphold “the laws of Cnut.” It describes Edward's coronation ceremony as an ancient transformational ritual that changed a man chosen by the people into their king. It also talks about the creation of a liturgy after the coronation ceremony was Christianized and made into a rite of the Church, in which the transformative moment was accompanied with the holy oil or chrism. The chapter confirms that Edward was crowned during Easter Day in 1043. It emphasizes that no previous king is known to have linked himself to Christ the same way as Edward did, superimposing the drama of kingmaking on the mystery of the Resurrection.
{"title":"Kingship","authors":"Tom Licence","doi":"10.1163/9789004249707_vsr_dum_00000357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004249707_vsr_dum_00000357","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter gives an overview of Edward the Confessor's kingship after the witan received him upon the condition that he uphold “the laws of Cnut.” It describes Edward's coronation ceremony as an ancient transformational ritual that changed a man chosen by the people into their king. It also talks about the creation of a liturgy after the coronation ceremony was Christianized and made into a rite of the Church, in which the transformative moment was accompanied with the holy oil or chrism. The chapter confirms that Edward was crowned during Easter Day in 1043. It emphasizes that no previous king is known to have linked himself to Christ the same way as Edward did, superimposing the drama of kingmaking on the mystery of the Resurrection.","PeriodicalId":393927,"journal":{"name":"Edward the Confessor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125803895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PLATES","authors":"","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1595n4p.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1595n4p.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393927,"journal":{"name":"Edward the Confessor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127977733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0007
Tom Licence
This chapter begins by mentioning the Vita, which paints a picture of Edward the Confessor enjoying peaceful pursuits while delegating military tasks to his commanders Harold and Tostig. It analyzes how Edward liked to delegate in accordance with contemporary guidance on kingship with Harold and Tostig as his deputies. It talks about Edward's policy to let Harold and Tostig build their empires, so that they would take better care of his. The chapter looks into Tostig's dealings with the Scots that had been effective in the eight years he had occupied the northern earldom. It describes how Tostig negotiated a truce with Malcolm and brought him to submit to Edward with the aid of the northern bishops.
{"title":"Betrayal","authors":"Tom Licence","doi":"10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter begins by mentioning the Vita, which paints a picture of Edward the Confessor enjoying peaceful pursuits while delegating military tasks to his commanders Harold and Tostig. It analyzes how Edward liked to delegate in accordance with contemporary guidance on kingship with Harold and Tostig as his deputies. It talks about Edward's policy to let Harold and Tostig build their empires, so that they would take better care of his. The chapter looks into Tostig's dealings with the Scots that had been effective in the eight years he had occupied the northern earldom. It describes how Tostig negotiated a truce with Malcolm and brought him to submit to Edward with the aid of the northern bishops.","PeriodicalId":393927,"journal":{"name":"Edward the Confessor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123786923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"KINGSHIP","authors":"Aoife O’Driscoll","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1595n4p.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1595n4p.10","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393927,"journal":{"name":"Edward the Confessor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131259330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.1007/978-94-024-1179-9_300418
Steven Noecker
{"title":"DOMINION","authors":"Steven Noecker","doi":"10.1007/978-94-024-1179-9_300418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-024-1179-9_300418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":393927,"journal":{"name":"Edward the Confessor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123257460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0006
Tom Licence
This chapter recounts how London had recovered its Roman pre-eminence as the principal city of the realm since the days of Edward the Confessor's father. It explains that for Æthelred, his son Edmund, and Cnut, defence had been the key to controlling both halves of England, the English territory, and the Danish territory. It also looks into Edward's decision to re-found Westminster abbey because it occupied a delightful spot near Westminster and lay near the main channel of the river. The chapter analyzes the work on Westminster as a way to improve Edward's secular residence, which is seen as a possible distraction from the spiritual edifice that manifested Edward's piety. It also points out that Westminster is the perfect location Edward could proclaim his status as a European monarch, commanding a global network that brought him Asian silks, Andalusi carpets, and spices from the Arabian Sea.
{"title":"Dominion","authors":"Tom Licence","doi":"10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter recounts how London had recovered its Roman pre-eminence as the principal city of the realm since the days of Edward the Confessor's father. It explains that for Æthelred, his son Edmund, and Cnut, defence had been the key to controlling both halves of England, the English territory, and the Danish territory. It also looks into Edward's decision to re-found Westminster abbey because it occupied a delightful spot near Westminster and lay near the main channel of the river. The chapter analyzes the work on Westminster as a way to improve Edward's secular residence, which is seen as a possible distraction from the spiritual edifice that manifested Edward's piety. It also points out that Westminster is the perfect location Edward could proclaim his status as a European monarch, commanding a global network that brought him Asian silks, Andalusi carpets, and spices from the Arabian Sea.","PeriodicalId":393927,"journal":{"name":"Edward the Confessor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123087207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-29DOI: 10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0003
Tom Licence
This chapter recounts Edward the Confessor's exile that was mostly spent in in Normandy for almost twenty-five years. It reviews the responses to proper exile that barely changed between the ninth century and Edward's day. It explains how an exile was expected to feel hardship and affliction and the bitterness of loss. The chapter looks at how Edward contemplated his state of deprivation and dwelled on the comforts he had lost. It also highlights Edward's acceptance that joy yields to sorrow as surely as night follows day. It describes Edward's belief that he would transcend earthly cares in wisdom in order to seek mercy and comfort from God and involve much searching for the soul.
{"title":"Exile","authors":"Tom Licence","doi":"10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300211542.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter recounts Edward the Confessor's exile that was mostly spent in in Normandy for almost twenty-five years. It reviews the responses to proper exile that barely changed between the ninth century and Edward's day. It explains how an exile was expected to feel hardship and affliction and the bitterness of loss. The chapter looks at how Edward contemplated his state of deprivation and dwelled on the comforts he had lost. It also highlights Edward's acceptance that joy yields to sorrow as surely as night follows day. It describes Edward's belief that he would transcend earthly cares in wisdom in order to seek mercy and comfort from God and involve much searching for the soul.","PeriodicalId":393927,"journal":{"name":"Edward the Confessor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116141543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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