Pub Date : 2021-03-09DOI: 10.5038/2375-0901.23.1.1
Jordana L. Maisel, M. Ranahan, Jimin Choi
Transit agencies utilize the following complementary initiatives to encourage greater fixed-route transit usage by people with disabilities: (1) implementing more rigorous paratransit eligibility determination practices, and (2) addressing the factors that deter people with disabilities from using fixed-route transit. This research focuses on the latter and uses previously conducted survey data to determine the most important factors individuals with disabilities consider when deciding to use various transportation options, and how these factors vary by disability and community type. Findings indicate that individuals with mobility impairments consistently rated the built environment factors as more important to their transit mode decision-making than scheduling-related factors. Findings also highlight the importance of addressing complex trips when assisting riders with intellectual and cognitive disabilities. The current study also reveals that people with disabilities experience barriers differently based on where they live, suggesting the need for context sensitive interventions to support fixed-route ridership. Transit agencies should utilize this information to employ more targeted interventions to encourage greater fixedroute transit usage for individuals with disabilities.
{"title":"Factors Influencing Fixed-Route Transit Decision-Making: Exploring Differences by Disability and Community Type","authors":"Jordana L. Maisel, M. Ranahan, Jimin Choi","doi":"10.5038/2375-0901.23.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.23.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Transit agencies utilize the following complementary initiatives to encourage greater fixed-route transit usage by people with disabilities: (1) implementing more rigorous paratransit eligibility determination practices, and (2) addressing the factors that deter people with disabilities from using fixed-route transit. This research focuses on the latter and uses previously conducted survey data to determine the most important factors individuals with disabilities consider when deciding to use various transportation options, and how these factors vary by disability and community type. Findings indicate that individuals with mobility impairments consistently rated the built environment factors as more important to their transit mode decision-making than scheduling-related factors. Findings also highlight the importance of addressing complex trips when assisting riders with intellectual and cognitive disabilities. The current study also reveals that people with disabilities experience barriers differently based on where they live, suggesting the need for context sensitive interventions to support fixed-route ridership. Transit agencies should utilize this information to employ more targeted interventions to encourage greater fixedroute transit usage for individuals with disabilities.","PeriodicalId":394536,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118243999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-06-01DOI: 10.5038/2375-0901.17.2.4
Andrea Hamre, Ralph Buehler
Municipalities and employers in the U.S. attempt to reduce commuting by automobile through commuter benefits for riding public transportation, walking, or cycling. Many employers provide a combination of benefits, often including free car parking alongside benefits for public transportation, walking, and cycling. This study evaluates the relationship between commuter benefits and mode choice for the commute to work using revealed preference data on 4,630 regular commuters, including information about free car parking, public transportation benefits, showers/lockers, and bike parking at work in the Washington, DC region. Multinomial logistic regression results show that free car parking at work is related to more driving. Commuters offered either public transportation benefits, showers/lockers, or bike parking, but no free car parking, are more likely to either ride public transportation, walk, or cycle to work. The joint provision of benefits for public transportation, walking, and cycling is related to an increased likelihood to commute by all three of these modes and a decreased likelihood of driving. However, the inclusion of free car parking in benefit packages alongside benefits for public transportation, walking, and cycling, seems tooffset the effect of these incentives. Benefits for public transportation, walking, and cycling, seem to work best when car parking is not free.
{"title":"Commuter Mode Choice and Free Car Parking, Public Transportation Benefits, Showers/Lockers, and Bike Parking at Work: Evidence from the Washington, DC Region","authors":"Andrea Hamre, Ralph Buehler","doi":"10.5038/2375-0901.17.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.17.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Municipalities and employers in the U.S. attempt to reduce commuting by automobile through commuter benefits for riding public transportation, walking, or cycling. Many employers provide a combination of benefits, often including free car parking alongside benefits for public transportation, walking, and cycling. This study evaluates the relationship between commuter benefits and mode choice for the commute to work using revealed preference data on 4,630 regular commuters, including information about free car parking, public transportation benefits, showers/lockers, and bike parking at work in the Washington, DC region. Multinomial logistic regression results show that free car parking at work is related to more driving. Commuters offered either public transportation benefits, showers/lockers, or bike parking, but no free car parking, are more likely to either ride public transportation, walk, or cycle to work. The joint provision of benefits for public transportation, walking, and cycling is related to an increased likelihood to commute by all three of these modes and a decreased likelihood of driving. However, the inclusion of free car parking in benefit packages alongside benefits for public transportation, walking, and cycling, seems tooffset the effect of these incentives. Benefits for public transportation, walking, and cycling, seem to work best when car parking is not free.","PeriodicalId":394536,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119835597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-09-01DOI: 10.5038/2375-0901.16.3.5
H. Tsao, A. Pratama
Dedicating two lanes and passenger platforms to transit typically requires taking the same space away from general use. This may affect public support. This paper proposes efficient geometric configurations for a two-dedicated-lane BRT or light rail system that requires a minimum amount of right-of-way along a busy commute arterial. In many current busy commute corridors, a significant part of the street median is underused or unused for traffic purposes. The efficiency is achieved mainly by using the street median between a left-turn lane and its counterpart located at the intersection on the other end of the same street section and slanting part of the two dedicated lanes with respect to the longitudinal direction of the street. Instead of the three-lane or even four-lane conversion required of the prevailing configurations, the proposed configurations require conversion of only two lanes from general use, even for a section equipped with passenger platforms.
{"title":"Efficient Space Dedication to Bus Rapid Transit and Light Rail Systems","authors":"H. Tsao, A. Pratama","doi":"10.5038/2375-0901.16.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.16.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Dedicating two lanes and passenger platforms to transit typically requires taking the same space away from general use. This may affect public support. This paper proposes efficient geometric configurations for a two-dedicated-lane BRT or light rail system that requires a minimum amount of right-of-way along a busy commute arterial. In many current busy commute corridors, a significant part of the street median is underused or unused for traffic purposes. The efficiency is achieved mainly by using the street median between a left-turn lane and its counterpart located at the intersection on the other end of the same street section and slanting part of the two dedicated lanes with respect to the longitudinal direction of the street. Instead of the three-lane or even four-lane conversion required of the prevailing configurations, the proposed configurations require conversion of only two lanes from general use, even for a section equipped with passenger platforms.","PeriodicalId":394536,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120700626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-01DOI: 10.5038/2375-0901.15.4.4
P. Metaxatos, L. Dirks
Instituting a free fare for Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) complementary paratransit service in the state of Illinois will expectedly increase the demand and associated costs of providing the specialized service. This paper proposes a method to estimate such demand and cost increases. Results show an estimated average increase in annual ADA trips of between 121 and 171 percent in the Chicago area. Given previous industry free ride experiments, the latent demand exhibited by the large number of persons with disabilities living within 3/4 mile of a fixed route, and the expected diversion of wheelchair riders currently using fixed routes, the authors believe it is not unreasonable to expect increases in ridership approaching 100 percent. Compared to the (2007$) baseline total statewide cost of $99.3 million, the estimated cost, due to increased demand, would be between $123.9 and $160.6 million.
{"title":"Cost Estimation of Fare-Free ADA Complementary Paratransit Service in Illinois","authors":"P. Metaxatos, L. Dirks","doi":"10.5038/2375-0901.15.4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.15.4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Instituting a free fare for Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) complementary paratransit service in the state of Illinois will expectedly increase the demand and associated costs of providing the specialized service. This paper proposes a method to estimate such demand and cost increases. Results show an estimated average increase in annual ADA trips of between 121 and 171 percent in the Chicago area. Given previous industry free ride experiments, the latent demand exhibited by the large number of persons with disabilities living within 3/4 mile of a fixed route, and the expected diversion of wheelchair riders currently using fixed routes, the authors believe it is not unreasonable to expect increases in ridership approaching 100 percent. Compared to the (2007$) baseline total statewide cost of $99.3 million, the estimated cost, due to increased demand, would be between $123.9 and $160.6 million.","PeriodicalId":394536,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120065833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-03-01DOI: 10.5038/2375-0901.15.1.2
Q. Mahboob, T. Stoiber, Stephanie Gottstein, A. Tsakarestos
Inefficiency of urban rail transit systems (URTS) results in a lower standard of service than required and has negative economic impacts. Many efforts have been undertaken to calculate the efficiency of URTS or their subunits. Overall equipment efficiency (OEE) as a measure of efficiency is a simple, flexible, and efficient formula. The OEE measure ensures that equipment is available and fully capable of producing quality goods/services for the maximum time of operation and is being used in a proper way. This paper discusses the idea of the OEE from the field of production and how it can be applied to a URTS. Overall efficiency of rolling stock (RS) is a major influencing factor on the efficiency of URTS. Therefore, the three fundamental parameters of OEE—availability, performance, and service quality—are defined for the RS of a URTS, and a method for their calculation is presented. The usefulness of OEE for URTS is investigated.
{"title":"An Approach to Calculate Overall Efficiency of Rolling Stock for an Urban Rail Transit System","authors":"Q. Mahboob, T. Stoiber, Stephanie Gottstein, A. Tsakarestos","doi":"10.5038/2375-0901.15.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.15.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Inefficiency of urban rail transit systems (URTS) results in a lower standard of service than required and has negative economic impacts. Many efforts have been undertaken to calculate the efficiency of URTS or their subunits. Overall equipment efficiency (OEE) as a measure of efficiency is a simple, flexible, and efficient formula. The OEE measure ensures that equipment is available and fully capable of producing quality goods/services for the maximum time of operation and is being used in a proper way. This paper discusses the idea of the OEE from the field of production and how it can be applied to a URTS. Overall efficiency of rolling stock (RS) is a major influencing factor on the efficiency of URTS. Therefore, the three fundamental parameters of OEE—availability, performance, and service quality—are defined for the RS of a URTS, and a method for their calculation is presented. The usefulness of OEE for URTS is investigated.","PeriodicalId":394536,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"118580585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.5038/2375-0901.14.3.1
Colin Bick
Arrival time uncertainty is a major source of negative perception by riders, yet how this uncertainty manifests in the rider’s experience is not well-studied. While operators constantly make efforts to improve reliability, and real-time arrival predictions reduce uncertainty for riders in transit, it is also possible to lessen frustration by better informing riders of system behavior beforehand. This work introduces a new method for understanding transit behavior through an analysis of historical arrival time data from San Francisco. The results identify impacts of timeliness on rider experience, such as that average wait time is minimized by showing up five minutes early, or that a five-minute transfer window will be successful 80 percent of the time. Categories of rider experience also are discovered, such as between daytime and evening users. More importantly, it is demonstrated how operators and trip planners can make use of this method to improve rider experience.
{"title":"Quantitatively Understanding Transit Behavior from the Rider’s Point of View","authors":"Colin Bick","doi":"10.5038/2375-0901.14.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.14.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Arrival time uncertainty is a major source of negative perception by riders, yet how this uncertainty manifests in the rider’s experience is not well-studied. While operators constantly make efforts to improve reliability, and real-time arrival predictions reduce uncertainty for riders in transit, it is also possible to lessen frustration by better informing riders of system behavior beforehand. This work introduces a new method for understanding transit behavior through an analysis of historical arrival time data from San Francisco. The results identify impacts of timeliness on rider experience, such as that average wait time is minimized by showing up five minutes early, or that a five-minute transfer window will be successful 80 percent of the time. Categories of rider experience also are discovered, such as between daytime and evening users. More importantly, it is demonstrated how operators and trip planners can make use of this method to improve rider experience.","PeriodicalId":394536,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124946217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-09-01DOI: 10.5038/2375-0901.14.3.7
Marie Russell, R. Price, L. Signal, J. Stanley, Zachary F. Gerring, Jacqueline Cumming
Structured observation is one way to assess how public transport passengers actually use their travel time. This study reports on 812 adult passengers in Wellington, New Zealand. Researchers recorded passenger characteristics and behavior over a 4-minute period, on a range of routes and times, using 12 pre-set codes. Most passengers (65.3%) were “looking ahead/out the window” at some point in the observation period, more on buses than on trains. About one-fifth of all passengers observed were seen reading, more on trains. Other activities included listening on headphones, talking, texting, and sleeping/eyes closed. Activities were compared on the basis of gender, age group, mode, and time of day. Comparisons are made with recent observational and survey studies, with discussion of both methods and results.
{"title":"What Do Passengers Do During Travel Time? Structured Observations on Buses and Trains","authors":"Marie Russell, R. Price, L. Signal, J. Stanley, Zachary F. Gerring, Jacqueline Cumming","doi":"10.5038/2375-0901.14.3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.14.3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Structured observation is one way to assess how public transport passengers actually use their travel time. This study reports on 812 adult passengers in Wellington, New Zealand. Researchers recorded passenger characteristics and behavior over a 4-minute period, on a range of routes and times, using 12 pre-set codes. Most passengers (65.3%) were “looking ahead/out the window” at some point in the observation period, more on buses than on trains. About one-fifth of all passengers observed were seen reading, more on trains. Other activities included listening on headphones, talking, texting, and sleeping/eyes closed. Activities were compared on the basis of gender, age group, mode, and time of day. Comparisons are made with recent observational and survey studies, with discussion of both methods and results.","PeriodicalId":394536,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126102041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-03-01DOI: 10.5038/2375-0901.11.1.1
K. Carr
Given the need for reducing single occupancy vehicle commutes, this article presents a case study of employer-based research. Using conjoint analysis as a qualitative research method, factors that potentially influence people’s choices to drive alone to work were studied at a major company in Columbus, Ohio. Such factors included reasons for driving alone, satisfaction with commute, perceptions toward transportation modes, importance of transportation attributes, and likelihood to switch if certain Transportation Demand Management measures were implemented. Target groups were formed by using simple regression and cluster analysis of a stated-ranking question regarding transportation attributes.
{"title":"Qualitative Research to Assess Interest in Public Transportation for Work Commute","authors":"K. Carr","doi":"10.5038/2375-0901.11.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.11.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Given the need for reducing single occupancy vehicle commutes, this article presents a case study of employer-based research. Using conjoint analysis as a qualitative research method, factors that potentially influence people’s choices to drive alone to work were studied at a major company in Columbus, Ohio. Such factors included reasons for driving alone, satisfaction with commute, perceptions toward transportation modes, importance of transportation attributes, and likelihood to switch if certain Transportation Demand Management measures were implemented. Target groups were formed by using simple regression and cluster analysis of a stated-ranking question regarding transportation attributes.","PeriodicalId":394536,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"119149643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Printed schedules are critical to mass transit mobility, and especially so to bus transit users who often embark from locations where information is not provided. For economic reasons, they also rely heavily on transit. After becoming concerned with the readability of its bus schedules, New Jersey Transit (NJT) enlisted an interdisciplinary research and design team from the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) to analyze, redesign, and test the agency’s bus timetables over an 18-month period beginning in 2003. The process included precedent research, community outreach, graphic design, laboratory testing, and surveys. It began with a literature survey and review of timetables produced by other agencies. Two focus groups were convened to incorporate user viewpoints. Based on these methods and acknowledging the institutional and production constraints of the agency, 2 prototype timetables were designed for one of the agency’s most complex bus routes. The prototypes and current schedule for the route were time-tested in a laboratory with 30 participants. A survey was given to the same participants. The analysis of the experimental data was partially inconclusive due to high error rates for all schedules tested. However, in the survey, a majority of participants showed preference for aspects developed in the prototypes, offering the agency important production recommendations regarding font sizes, text orientation, and graphic display methods, as well as institutional directives regarding data transfer, maps, zone designations, passenger information, and telephone contacts. This paper recounts this process and offers to the larger transit community the conclusions of this interdisciplinary approach, not combined in this manner before, to make bus transit more attractive and efficient.
{"title":"A multidisciplinary approach toward improving bus schedule readability","authors":"D. Sollohub, A. Tharanathan","doi":"10.5038/2375-0901.9.4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.9.4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Printed schedules are critical to mass transit mobility, and especially so to bus transit users who often embark from locations where information is not provided. For economic reasons, they also rely heavily on transit. After becoming concerned with the readability of its bus schedules, New Jersey Transit (NJT) enlisted an interdisciplinary research and design team from the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) to analyze, redesign, and test the agency’s bus timetables over an 18-month period beginning in 2003. The process included precedent research, community outreach, graphic design, laboratory testing, and surveys. It began with a literature survey and review of timetables produced by other agencies. Two focus groups were convened to incorporate user viewpoints. Based on these methods and acknowledging the institutional and production constraints of the agency, 2 prototype timetables were designed for one of the agency’s most complex bus routes. The prototypes and current schedule for the route were time-tested in a laboratory with 30 participants. A survey was given to the same participants. The analysis of the experimental data was partially inconclusive due to high error rates for all schedules tested. However, in the survey, a majority of participants showed preference for aspects developed in the prototypes, offering the agency important production recommendations regarding font sizes, text orientation, and graphic display methods, as well as institutional directives regarding data transfer, maps, zone designations, passenger information, and telephone contacts. This paper recounts this process and offers to the larger transit community the conclusions of this interdisciplinary approach, not combined in this manner before, to make bus transit more attractive and efficient.","PeriodicalId":394536,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117697782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
While rail has been the focus of most planning for Transit Oriented Development (TOD), there has been much interest in bus-related TOD with an emphasis on new bus rapid transit (BRT) systems in North and South America and Australia. This paper takes a critical look at the strengths and challenges of bus-based transit systems compared to rail in relation to TOD. It includes a literature review and an assessment of TOD-related developments. The focus is on performance of BRT systems in relation to TOD with specific reference to BRT systems in Australia. In addition, TOD related to local suburban bus service is examined. The paper describes the general concept of TOD and how it relates to features of transit modes, outlines the literature relevant to bus-based TOD, and identifies the strengths and challenges of bus-based transit systems in relation to TOD. It concludes by summarizing the relative strengths and challenges of BRT and local bus services compared to rail. The findings of the review are used to identify ways in which bus-based TOD might be better planned and implemented.
{"title":"Bus Transit Oriented Development—Strengths and Challenges Relative to Rail","authors":"G. Currie","doi":"10.5038/2375-0901.9.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.9.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"While rail has been the focus of most planning for Transit Oriented Development (TOD), there has been much interest in bus-related TOD with an emphasis on new bus rapid transit (BRT) systems in North and South America and Australia. This paper takes a critical look at the strengths and challenges of bus-based transit systems compared to rail in relation to TOD. It includes a literature review and an assessment of TOD-related developments. The focus is on performance of BRT systems in relation to TOD with specific reference to BRT systems in Australia. In addition, TOD related to local suburban bus service is examined. The paper describes the general concept of TOD and how it relates to features of transit modes, outlines the literature relevant to bus-based TOD, and identifies the strengths and challenges of bus-based transit systems in relation to TOD. It concludes by summarizing the relative strengths and challenges of BRT and local bus services compared to rail. The findings of the review are used to identify ways in which bus-based TOD might be better planned and implemented.","PeriodicalId":394536,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Public Transportation","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120247417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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