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On the Relationship Between Matiyasevich's and Smorynski's Theorems 论马蒂亚谢维奇定理与斯莫林斯基定理的关系
Pub Date : 2019-09-03 DOI: 10.7561/SACS.2019.1.101
Agnieszka Peszek, A. Tyszka
Yuri Matiyasevich's theorem states that the set of all Diophantine equations which have a solution in non-negative integers is not recursive. Craig Smorynski's theorem states that the set of all Diophantine equations which have at most finitely many solutions in non-negative integers is not recursively enumerable. Let R be a subring of Q with or without 1. By H_{10}(R), we denote the problem of whether there exists an algorithm which for any given Diophantine equation with integer coefficients, can decide whether or not the equation has a solution in R. We prove that a positive solution to H_{10}(R) implies that the set of all Diophantine equations with a finite number of solutions in R is recursively enumerable. We show the converse implication for every infinite set R subseteq Q such that there exist computable functions tau_1,tau_2:N to Z which satisfy (forall n in N tau_2(n) neq 0) wedge ({frac{tau_1(n)}{tau_2(n)}: n in N}=R). This implication for R=N guarantees that Smorynski's theorem follows from Matiyasevich's theorem. Harvey Friedman conjectures that the set of all polynomials of several variables with integer coefficients that have a rational solution is not recursive. Harvey Friedman conjectures that the set of all polynomials of several variables with integer coefficients that have only finitely many rational solutions is not recursively enumerable. These conjectures are equivalent by our results for R=Q.
Yuri Matiyasevich的定理指出,所有具有非负整数解的丢梵图方程的集合是不递归的。克雷格·斯莫林斯基定理指出,所有非负整数的丢芬图方程的最多有有限个解的集合是不可递归枚举的。设R是Q的子函数,有或没有1。通过{H_10}(R),我们表示了是否存在一个算法的问题,该算法可以判定任意给定的整数系数的丢图图方程在R中是否有解。我们证明了{H_10}(R)的正解意味着所有在R中有有限个解的丢图图方程的集合是递归可枚举的。我们给出了无限集R subseteq Q的逆蕴涵,使得存在可计算函数tau _1, tau _2:N to Z满足(forall N in N tau _2(N) neq 0) wedge ({frac{tau_1(n)}{tau_2(n)}:N in N}=R)。R=N的这个推论保证了Smorynski定理是由Matiyasevich定理推导出来的。哈维·弗里德曼(Harvey Friedman)推测,具有有理解的多个变量整数系数多项式的集合不是递归的。哈维·弗里德曼(Harvey Friedman)猜想,只有有限多个有理数解的整数系数若干变量多项式的集合不是递归可枚举的。这些猜想与R=Q时的结果是等价的。
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引用次数: 0
Program algebra for Turing-machine programs 图灵机程序的程序代数
Pub Date : 2019-01-25 DOI: 10.7561/SACS.2019.2.113
J. Bergstra, K. Middelburg
This paper presents an algebraic theory of instruction sequences with instructions for Turing tapes as basic instructions, the behaviours produced by the instruction sequences concerned under execution, and the interaction between such behaviours and Turing tapes provided by an execution environment. This theory provides a setting for the development of theory in areas such as computability and computational complexity that distinguishes itself by offering the possibility of equational reasoning and being more general than the setting provided by a known version of the Turing-machine model of computation. The theory is essentially an instantiation of a parameterized algebraic theory which is the basis of a line of research in which issues relating to a wide variety of subjects from computer science have been rigorously investigated thinking in terms of instruction sequences.
本文以图灵磁带的指令为基本指令,提出了指令序列的代数理论,给出了有关指令序列在执行时产生的行为,以及这些行为与执行环境所提供的图灵磁带之间的相互作用。该理论为可计算性和计算复杂性等领域的理论发展提供了一个环境,其特点是提供了等式推理的可能性,并且比已知版本的图灵机计算模型提供的环境更普遍。该理论本质上是一个参数化代数理论的实例,它是一系列研究的基础,其中涉及计算机科学中各种各样的主题的问题已经被严格地研究,以指令序列的方式思考。
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引用次数: 2
A Note on Congruences of Infinite Bounded Involution Lattices 关于无限有界对合格的同余的一个注记
Pub Date : 2018-09-29 DOI: 10.7561/SACS.2021.1.51
C. Mureşan
We prove that an infinite (bounded) involution lattice and even pseudo-Kleene algebra can have any number of congruences between 2 and its number of elements or equalling its number of subsets, regardless of whether it has as many ideals as elements or as many ideals as subsets. Furthermore, when they have at most as many congruences as elements, these involution lattices and even pseudo-Kleene algebras can be chosen such that all their lattice congruences preserve their involutions, so that they have as many congruences as their lattice reducts. Under the Generalized Continuum Hypothesis, this means that an infinite (bounded) involution lattice and even pseudo-Kleene algebra can have any number of congruences between 2 and its number of subsets, regardless of its number of ideals. Consequently, the same holds for antiortholattices, a class of paraorthomodular Brouwer-Zadeh lattices. Regarding the shapes of the congruence lattices of the lattice{ ordered algebras in question, it turns out that, as long as the number of congruences is not strictly larger than the number of elements, they can be isomorphic to any nonsingleton well-ordered set with a largest element of any of those cardinalities, provided its largest element is strictly join-irreducible in the case of bounded lattice-ordered algebras and, in the case of antiortholattices with at least 3 distinct elements, provided that the predecessor of the largest element of that well-ordered set is strictly join{irreducible, as well; of course, various constructions can be applied to these algebras to obtain congruence lattices with different structures without changing the cardinalities in question. We point out sufficient conditions for analogous results to hold in an arbitrary variety.
证明了一个无限(有界)对合格乃至伪kleene代数在2与它的元素数或等于它的子集数之间可以有任意数目的同余,而不管它的理想数与元素数相等还是理想数与子集相等。此外,当它们的同余数最多等于元素数时,可以选择这些对合格甚至伪kleene代数,使它们所有的格同余保留它们的对合数,从而使它们的格约化数与它们的同余数相同。在广义连续统假设下,这意味着一个无限(有界)对合格甚至伪kleene代数在2和它的子集之间可以有任意数量的同余,而不管它的理想个数是多少。因此,对于反正正交也成立,反正正交是一类准直模browwer - zadeh格。格的同余格的形状{下令代数问题,事实证明,只要刻画不是严格的数量比元素的数量,他们可以同构nonsingleton秩序井然的最大元素的集合的基数,提供最大的元素是严格join-irreducible有限格序代数和的情况下,对于antiortholattices至少有3个不同的元素,假设该良序集合的最大元素的前导也是严格连接不可约的;当然,在不改变所讨论的基数的情况下,可以对这些代数应用各种构造来获得具有不同结构的同余格。我们指出了类似结果在任意变化下成立的充分条件。
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引用次数: 0
The Theory of Finitely Supported Structures and Choice Forms 有限支撑结构理论与选择形式
Pub Date : 2018-09-25 DOI: 10.7561/sacs.2018.1.1
A. Alexandru
The theory of finitely supported algebraic structures provides a first step in computing infinite algebraic structures that are finitely supported modulo certain atomic permutation actions. The motivation for developing such a theory comes from both mathematics (by modelling infinite algebraic structures, hierarchically defined by involving some basic elements called atoms, in a finitary manner, by analyzing their finite supports) and computer science (where finitely supported sets are used in various areas such as semantics foundation, automata theory, domain theory, proof theory and software verification). The results presented in this paper include the meta-theoretical presentation of finitely supported structures, the study of the consistency of choice principles (and of results requiring choice principles) within this framework, and the presentation of several connections with other topics.
有限支持代数结构理论为计算有限支持模定原子排列作用的无限代数结构提供了第一步。发展这种理论的动机来自数学(通过建模无限代数结构,通过涉及一些称为原子的基本元素分层定义,以有限的方式,通过分析它们的有限支持)和计算机科学(其中有限支持集用于各种领域,如语义基础,自动机理论,领域理论,证明理论和软件验证)。本文提出的结果包括有限支持结构的元理论介绍,在这个框架内对选择原则(以及需要选择原则的结果)的一致性的研究,以及与其他主题的几个联系的介绍。
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引用次数: 1
(Skew) Filters in Residuated Skew Lattices 残馀偏格中的(斜)滤波器
Pub Date : 2018-09-25 DOI: 10.7561/SACS.2018.1.115
R. Koohnavard, A. Saeid
In this paper, we show the relationship between (skew) deductive system and (skew) filter in residuated skew lattices. It is shown that if a residuated skew lattice is conormal, then any skew deductive system is a skew filter under a condition and deductive system and skew deductive system are equivalent under some conditions too. It is investigated that in branchwise residuated skew lattice, filter, deductive system and skew deductive system are equivalent. We define some types of prime (skew) filters in residuated skew lattices and show the relationship between prime (skew) filters and residuated skew chains. It is proved that in prelinear residuated skew lattice any proper filter can be extended to a maximal, prime filter of type (I). The notion of the radical of a filter is defined and several characterizations of the radical of a filter are given. We show that in non conormal prelinear residuated skew lattice with element 0, infinitesimal elements are equal to intersection of all the maximal filters.
本文给出了残差偏格中(偏)演绎系统与(偏)滤波器之间的关系。证明了如果残馀斜格是正规的,那么在一定条件下,任意斜演绎系统都是一个斜滤波器,并且在某些条件下,演绎系统与斜演绎系统是等价的。研究了在分支残馀偏晶格中,滤波器、演绎系统和偏演绎系统是等价的。定义了残馀斜格中素数(偏)滤波器的几种类型,并给出了素数(偏)滤波器与残馀斜链的关系。证明了在预线性残馀斜格中,任何适当的滤波器都可以推广为(I)型的极大素数滤波器。定义了滤波器的根的概念,给出了滤波器的根的几个表征。证明了在元为0的非正交预线性残馀斜格中,无穷小元等于所有极大滤波器的交集。
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引用次数: 5
Simultaneous Petri Net Synthesis 同时Petri网合成
Pub Date : 2018-09-25 DOI: 10.7561/SACS.2018.2.199
E. Best, Raymond R. Devillers, U. Schlachter, Harro Wimmel
Petri net synthesis deals with the problem whether, given a labelled transition system TS , one can find a Petri net N with an initial markingM0 such that the reachability graph of (N,M0) is isomorphic to TS . This may be preceded by a pre-synthesis phase that will quickly reject ill-formed transition systems (and give structural reasons for the failure) and otherwise build data structures needed by the proper synthesis. The last phase proceeds by solving systems of linear inequalities, and may still fail but for less transparent reasons. In this paper, we consider an extended problem. A finite set of transition systems {TS 1, . . . ,TSm} shall be called simultaneously Petri net solvable if there is a single Petri netN with several initial markings {M01, . . . ,M0m}, such that for every i = 1, . . . ,m, the reachability graph of (N,M0i) is isomorphic to TS i. The focus will be on choice-free nets, that is, nets without structural choices, and we explore how previously published efficient algorithms for the pre-synthesis and proper synthesis of bounded and choice-free Petri nets can be generalised for the simultaneous pre-synthesis and synthesis of such multi-marked nets. At the same time, the choice-free pre-synthesis of a single transition system shall be strengthened by introducing new structural checks.
Petri网综合处理的问题是,给定一个标记跃迁系统TS,是否可以找到一个初始标记为M0的Petri网N,使得(N,M0)的可达图与TS同构。在此之前,可能会有一个预合成阶段,该阶段将快速拒绝形式不良的转换系统(并给出失败的结构性原因),否则将构建正确合成所需的数据结构。最后一个阶段是解决线性不等式系统,可能仍然会失败,但原因不那么明显。在本文中,我们考虑一个扩展问题。一个有限的过渡系统集{TS 1,…,如果存在一个具有多个初始标记{M01,…的Petri网,则TSm}应称为同时Petri网可解。, mm},使得对于每一个i = 1,…,m, (N,M0i)的可达性图与TS i同构。重点将放在无选择网络上,即没有结构选择的网络,我们将探索如何将先前发表的用于有界和无选择Petri网的预合成和适当合成的有效算法推广到这种多标记网络的同时预合成和合成。同时,应通过引入新的结构检查,加强单一过渡系统的无选择预综合。
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引用次数: 6
Pattern Matching in Link Streams: Timed-Automata with Finite Memory 链接流中的模式匹配:有限内存的定时自动机
Pub Date : 2018-09-25 DOI: 10.7561/sacs.2018.2.161
Clément Bertrand, F. Peschanski, Hanna Klaudel, Matthieu Latapy
Link streams model the dynamics of interactions in complex distributed systems as sequences of links (interactions) occurring at a given time. Detecting patterns in such sequences is crucial for many applications but it raises several challenges. In particular, there is no generic approach for the specification and detection of link stream patterns in a way similar to regular expressions and automata for text patterns. To address this, we propose a novel automata framework integrating both timed constraints and finite memory together with a recognition algorithm. The algorithm uses structures similar to tokens in high-level Petri nets and includes non-determinism and concurrency. We illustrate the use of our framework in real-world cases and evaluate its practical performances.
链接流将复杂分布式系统中的交互动态建模为在给定时间发生的链接(交互)序列。在这样的序列中检测模式对于许多应用程序来说是至关重要的,但它也带来了一些挑战。特别是,对于链接流模式的规范和检测,没有类似于文本模式的正则表达式和自动机的通用方法。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一个新的自动机框架,将时间约束和有限记忆与识别算法结合在一起。该算法使用类似于高级Petri网中的令牌的结构,并包含非确定性和并发性。我们在实际案例中说明了我们的框架的使用,并评估了它的实际性能。
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引用次数: 1
A Precise Characterisation of Step Traces and Their Concurrent Histories 台阶痕迹及其同时发生的历史的精确描述
Pub Date : 2018-09-25 DOI: 10.7561/SACS.2018.2.237
R. Janicki, J. Kleijn, Lukasz Mikulski
Step traces are an extension of Mazurkiewicz traces where each equivalence class (trace) consists of sequences of steps instead of sequences of atomic actions. Relations between the actions of the system are defined statically, as parameters of a concurrent step alphabet. By allowing only some of the possible relationships between actions, subclasses of step alphabets can be derived in a natural way. Properties of these classes can then be investigated in terms of invariant structures, i.e., the relational structures that represent the causal invariants that underlie the corresponding step traces. In this paper, we refine an earlier classification of subclasses of step alphabets and add eight new subclasses to this hierarchy. We divide these eight classes into three families on basis of the absence of a specific behavioural relation and then characterise the corresponding invariant structures.
步骤跟踪是Mazurkiewicz跟踪的扩展,其中每个等价类(跟踪)由步骤序列而不是原子动作序列组成。系统动作之间的关系是静态定义的,作为并发步骤字母表的参数。通过只允许动作之间的一些可能的关系,可以以自然的方式派生出步骤字母的子类。然后,这些类的属性可以根据不变量结构进行研究,即,表示对应步骤轨迹的因果不变量的关系结构。在本文中,我们改进了步字母的子类的早期分类,并在该层次结构中添加了八个新的子类。我们在缺乏特定行为关系的基础上将这八类分为三科,然后描述相应的不变结构。
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引用次数: 0
On Partition Metric Space, Index Function, and Data Compression 论分区度量空间、索引函数和数据压缩
Pub Date : 2018-09-25 DOI: 10.7561/sacs.2018.1.141
D. Simovici, Roman A. Sizov
We discuss a metric structure on the set of partitions of a finite set induced by the Gini index and two applications of this metric: the identification of determining sets for index functions using techniques that originate in machine learning, and a data compression algorithm.
我们讨论了由Gini指数引起的有限集分区集上的度量结构,以及该度量的两个应用:使用源自机器学习的技术识别索引函数的确定集,以及数据压缩算法。
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引用次数: 1
High-Level Koutny Net 高级库特尼网
Pub Date : 2018-09-25 DOI: 10.7561/SACS.2018.2.157
Gabriel Ciobanu
This issue is dedicated to Professor Maciej Koutny for celebrating his 60th birthday, and consists of five contributions written by his friends and collaborators. This issue is dedicated to Professor Maciej Koutny for celebrating his 60th birthday. We celebrate Maciej not only for his 60th birthday, but also as an excellent researcher and a very good friend. There are five contributions written by his friends and collaborators. Each contribution has been carefully read through by at least two reviewers, and this improved the already high-quality articles. Many thanks to all of them, authors and reviewers! Maciej Koutny is a Professor of Computing Science in the School of Computing at Newcastle University. He received his MSc and PhD in Applied Mathematics from the Warsaw University of Technology. Then Maciej joined the Computing Laboratory of the Newcastle University in UK, where he is now the director of research in the School of Computing. Professor Maciej Koutny is a very active member of the Petri Net community, being currently the chair of the International Petri Net Steering Committee. He has investigated various semantics of Petri nets (causality semantics, step traces), synthesis and verification of Petri nets, model checking based on net unfoldings. Some of his work is devoted to the unification of Petri nets and process algebras, to the relationship between temporal logics and process algebras, as well as to modelling mobile and dynamic systems. He is also involved in scientific communities related to membrane computing and reaction systems representing novel models of computation inspired by the functioning of the living cells. He has been working on their
这期特刊是为了庆祝Maciej Koutny教授60岁的生日,由他的朋友和合作者撰写的五篇文章组成。这期特刊献给Maciej Koutny教授,庆祝他60岁生日。我们庆祝Maciej的60岁生日,不仅因为他是一位优秀的研究者,也是一位非常好的朋友。他的朋友和合作者写了五篇文章。每篇文章都经过至少两名审稿人的仔细审阅,这提高了本已高质量的文章。非常感谢他们,作者和审稿人!Maciej Koutny是纽卡斯尔大学计算机学院的计算机科学教授。他在华沙理工大学获得应用数学硕士和博士学位。随后,Maciej加入了英国纽卡斯尔大学(Newcastle University)的计算机实验室,现在是该校计算机学院的研究主任。Maciej Koutny教授是Petri网社区非常活跃的成员,目前担任国际Petri网指导委员会主席。他研究了Petri网的各种语义(因果语义,步进痕迹),Petri网的综合和验证,基于网络展开的模型检查。他的一些工作致力于Petri网和过程代数的统一,时间逻辑和过程代数之间的关系,以及对移动和动态系统的建模。他还参与了与膜计算和反应系统相关的科学界,这些反应系统代表了受活细胞功能启发的新型计算模型。他一直在做他们的工作
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引用次数: 0
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