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Rediscovering of Chara braunii (Characeae, Charophyta) in Madeira (Macaronesian region, Portugal) 葡萄牙马德拉岛马卡罗尼西亚地区Chara braunii (chareae, Charophyta)的再发现
Pub Date : 2021-12-19 DOI: 10.5209/bocm.79754
L. Medina, Pedro Nascimento, M. Menezes de Sequeira
Chara braunii C.C. Gmelin (Characeae, Charophyta) was found in Madeira Island (Portugal) in a water channel in an agricultural area. This constitutes the first record of that species since 1944 in the Macaronesian region (Azores, Madeira and Canary archipelagos).
Chara braunii C.C. Gmelin (chareae, Charophyta)是在葡萄牙马德拉岛一个农业区的水道中发现的。这是自1944年以来该物种在马卡罗尼西亚地区(亚速尔群岛、马德拉群岛和加那利群岛)的首次记录。
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引用次数: 0
Ecología funcional de tres especies de helechos en la región alpina de Eslovenia 斯洛文尼亚高山地区三种蕨类植物的功能生态学
Pub Date : 2021-09-24 DOI: 10.5209/bocm.74418
Javier Delgado Uriondo, J. M. Gabriel y Galán
Se estudia la variación de dos rasgos foliares funcionales, Área Foliar Específica (SLA) y Contenido de Materia Foliar Seca (LDMC) en los helechos Asplenium trichomanes subsp. quadrivalens, Asplenium scolopendrium y Polypodium vulgare en poblaciones de montaña y de colina situadas en la región alpina de Eslovenia. Las diferencias observadas entre especies fueron altamente significativas y sugieren que las particularidades ecológicas de cada una, especialmente en relación con el hábito y la amplitud de nicho, determinan la variación del SLA y el LDMC. Por otro lado, aunque se observaron diferencias ligeramente significativas entre poblaciones de montaña y de colina, la baja potencia del análisis hizo que los resultados no fueran concluyentes. En consecuencia, se propone incrementar el número de especies de cada hábito, así como el número de ambos tipos de poblaciones, con el fin de dilucidar la variación de estos rasgos foliares funcionales como adaptación a distintas condiciones ambientales.
研究了蕨类植物天门冬亚种特有叶面积(SLA)和干叶物质含量(LDMC)两个功能叶性状的变化。位于斯洛文尼亚高山地区的山地和丘陵种群中的四翅目、Scolopendrium和Polypodium vulgare。观察到的物种之间的差异非常显著,表明每个物种的生态特征,特别是与习性和生态位宽度有关的生态特征,决定了SLA和LDMC的变化。另一方面,虽然在山区和丘陵人口之间观察到了轻微的显著差异,但分析的低效力使结果不是决定性的。因此,建议增加每个习惯的物种数量以及这两种类型的种群数量,以阐明这些功能叶特征的变化,以适应不同的环境条件。
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引用次数: 0
Epipremnum aureum (Araceae) roots associated simultaneously with Glomeromycotina, Mucoromycotina and Ascomycota fungi 天南星科金菖蒲根与球菌门、毛菌门和子囊菌门真菌共生
Pub Date : 2021-09-10 DOI: 10.5209/bocm.72399
T. Muthukumar, S. Karthik
Only a small number of aroids are examined for their symbiosis with glomeromycotean arbuscular mycorrhizal (GAM) fungi and the ascomycetous dark septate endophytic (DSE) fungi. Therefore we examined the aerial and terrestrial adventitious roots of Epipremnum aureum for the endophytic association and the soils for GAM spores. The aerial roots of E. aureum were free from fungal structures, whereas the terrestrial roots were colonized by GAM, fine root endophyte (FRE), and DSE fungi. The major portion of the terrestrial roots was colonized by FRE fungi followed by GAM and DSE fungi. The colonization pattern was a complex of Arum-Paris and intermediate types. Spores of Acaulospora, Funneliformis, Rhizophagus, Rhizophagus and Sclerocystis were isolated from the root zone soils. The results show that E. aureum can establish symbiosis with a wide range of endophytic fungi and FRE symbiosis is reported for the first time in aroids.
只有少数类型菌被研究与肾小球菌丛枝菌根(GAM)真菌和子囊菌暗隔内生(DSE)真菌的共生关系。因此,我们研究了金黄色epipremum aureum的气生不定根和陆生不定根的内生关联以及土壤中的GAM孢子。金黄色葡萄气生根无真菌结构,而陆生根由GAM、细根内生真菌(FRE)和DSE真菌定植。陆生根主要由FRE真菌定植,其次是GAM真菌和DSE真菌。殖民模式是Arum-Paris和中间类型的综合体。从根区土壤中分离出了Acaulospora、funeliformis、Rhizophagus、Rhizophagus和scleroocystis孢子。结果表明,金黄色葡萄球菌可与多种内生真菌建立共生关系,其中在植物中首次报道了FRE共生关系。
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引用次数: 1
El endemismo bético-rifeño Antirrhinum australe, novedad corológica para la provincia de Sevilla 贝蒂科特有-南里费尼奥-安蒂里努姆,塞维利亚省的新冠
Pub Date : 2021-07-13 DOI: 10.5209/BOCM.71731
J. L. Medina-Gavilán, Basilio González
Se confirma la presencia de Antirrhinum australe Rothm. (Plantaginaceae) en la provincia de Sevilla, representada por dos poblaciones localizadas al borde de su distribución en el suroeste ibérico. Dentro del dimorfismo fenotípico que presenta A. australe en la pilosidad de sus órganos vegetativos, todos los individuos hallados se caracterizan por presentar tallos y hojas ampliamente desprovistos de tricomas. El éxito reproductivo es aparentemente elevado (carga de frutos >80%), pero la situación geográfica y ecológicamente marginal de estas poblaciones parecen ser importantes factores de riesgo para su conservación, sin que existan signos claros de reclutamiento demográfico. Se sostiene que estas poblaciones pueden ser de utilidad para el estudio comparado de rasgos morfo-funcionales de interés en el género, desde una perspectiva ecológico-evolutiva.
证实存在南罗氏抗rrhinum australe Rothm。(车前草科)在塞维利亚省,以位于伊比利亚西南部分布边缘的两个种群为代表。在其营养器官毛发的表型二态性中,所有被发现的个体的特征是茎和叶基本上没有毛状体。繁殖成功率显然很高(果实负荷>80%),但这些种群的地理和生态边缘位置似乎是其保护的重要风险因素,没有明确的种群补充迹象。本文从生态进化的角度对这些种群进行了形态功能特征的比较研究。
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引用次数: 0
Gametophytic phase of the Indonesian ferns Amblovenatum immersum (Blume) Mazumdar and Christella subpubescens (Blume) Holttum (Thelypteridaceae) 印度尼西亚蕨类植物Amblovenatum immersum (Blume) Mazumdar和Christella subpubescens (Blume) Holttum的配子体期
Pub Date : 2021-05-10 DOI: 10.5209/BOCM.73379
Sofía Ruano, A. Seral, R. Vázquez, S. Molino, J. M. Gabriel y Galán
The gametophytic generation of Amblovenatum immersum and Christella subpubescens (Thelypteridaceae), including spore germination, morphological development of the gametophytes, major vegetative features and reproduction strategies, was studied. For both species, the spore germination was of the Vittaria type and the developmental pattern was of the Drynaria type. Adult gametophytes were cordate and hairy, with unicellular and secretory hairs located in the margins and both the ventral and dorsal surfaces of the prothalli. C. subpubescens has another type of acicular hairs only in the margin of the prothallus. Gametangia were of the normal type described for leptosporangiate ferns. In A. immersum all the gametophytes were female. In C. subpubescens the gametophytes produced at first instance female gametangia and then became bisexual with time. Antheridiogen activity was observed in both species, suggested by the presence of small young ameristic gametophytes with antheridia surrounding well-developed female ones.
本文研究了水蛭科水蛭属(Amblovenatum immersum)和水蛭属(Christella subpubescens)的配子体发生过程,包括孢子萌发、配子体形态发育、主要营养特征和繁殖策略。两种植物孢子萌发均为维多利亚型,发育模式均为干燥型。成体配子体心形,有毛,单细胞毛和分泌毛位于原体的边缘和腹背面。仅在原毛的边缘有另一类型的针状毛。配子囊为细孢子蕨类植物的正常类型。在水仙中,所有配子体均为雌性。在亚pubescens中,配子体首先产生雌性配子体,然后随着时间的推移变成两性。在这两个物种中都观察到花药原活性,这表明存在小的年轻的分生配子体,花药原围绕在发育良好的雌性配子体周围。
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引用次数: 0
Study of the Gametophytic phase of Diplazium caudatum (Athyriaceae, Polypodiopsida) from Spain 文章标题西班牙尾螺双螺属植物配子体期的研究
Pub Date : 2021-04-22 DOI: 10.5209/BOCM.73313
D. Martín Alonso, Sonia Molino de Miguel, A. Seral, J. M. Gabriel y Galán
The gametophytes of the Athyriaceae are not very well known, such as Diplazium caudatum. The aim of this work is to analyze the gametophytic phase of this species, which includes germination study, morphological development and reproductive phase. Spores belonging to two different sporophytes from La Gomera, Spain, were mixed and sown in multisporic cultures. Plates have been cultured in chambers with nutritive agar at 25ºC and 12 hours photoperiod. The germination was registered every three days, and the main vegetative and reproductive development was checked throughout the observational period. The germination rate reached a maximum of 58%. The spore germination followed a Vittaria pattern meanwhile prothallial development followed an Adiantum type. Regarding sexual expression, all gametophytes developed archegonia and later some of them developed antheridia becoming bisexual.
蹄盖蕨科的配子体不太为人所知,比如尾状双懒。本工作的目的是分析该物种的配子体阶段,包括发芽研究、形态发育和生殖阶段。来自西班牙拉戈梅拉的两种不同孢子体的孢子在多孢子培养基中混合播种。平板已在含有营养琼脂的室内培养,温度为25ºC,光周期为12小时。每三天登记一次发芽情况,并在整个观察期内检查主要的营养和生殖发育情况。发芽率最高可达58%。孢子萌发遵循Vittaria模式,而原叶发育遵循Adiantum模式。在性表达方面,所有配子体都发育成颈原细胞,后来一些配子体发育成花药,形成两性。
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引用次数: 0
Revision of Cranfillia opaca in New Caledonia 新喀里多尼亚的Cranfillia opaca的改良
Pub Date : 2021-04-20 DOI: 10.5209/BOCM.73670
Rubén Vázquez Ferreira, †. J. M. Gabriel y Galán, P. Alfaya, M. Vicent, C. Prada
Cranfillia opaca is a fern species present in New Caledonia, for which a great variation in morphology is reported. Some other species such as Blechnum deplanchei have been proposed, but those were later synonymized with C. opaca. In this work, we have studied this taxon at both the morphological and the anatomical level, as well as its ecology and geographical distribution. We found differences between C. opaca s.s. and B. deplanchei in the morphology of the sterile and fertile fronds, in several morphoanatomical features such as trichome shape, length, and distribution, and length and/or shape of different structures of sporangia and spores. The distribution of both taxa was also different, but they are sympatric at some localities. The differences identified in this study support the recognition of both taxa, and the combination of Cranfillia deplanchei (Baker) Vázquez Ferreira & Gabriel y Galán, which we propose here. A new taxonomic description is provided for both species.
欧帕卡蔓越莓是新喀里多尼亚的一种蕨类植物,据报道其形态变化很大。其他一些物种也被提出,如德氏Blechnum deplanchei,但这些物种后来被与C.opaca同义。在这项工作中,我们从形态学和解剖学两个层面研究了这个分类单元,以及它的生态学和地理分布。我们发现,C.opaca s.s.和B.deplanchei在不育和可育叶的形态上,在一些形态解剖学特征上存在差异,如毛状体的形状、长度和分布,以及孢子囊和孢子不同结构的长度和/或形状。两个分类群的分布也不同,但它们在某些地方是同域的。本研究中发现的差异支持了对这两个分类群的识别,以及我们在这里提出的Cranfillia deplanchei(Baker)Vázquez Ferreira和Gabriel y Galán的组合。为这两个物种提供了一个新的分类学描述。
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引用次数: 0
Habitat differentiation and geographic separation of Isoetes velata populations in central Iberian Peninsula 伊比利亚半岛中部扁蛇种群的生境分化与地理分离
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.5209/BOCM.75525
J. A. Molina
Populations of Isoetes velata were studied in order to provide more information on their habitat and distribution in the Western and Northwestern Iberian Peninsula. Habitat together with morphology of megaspores were used as diagnostic features. The form I. velata subsp. velata f. lereschii is considered here as a synonym of I. velata subsp. asturicense and therefore only two taxa remain within the species: I. velata subsp. velata and I. velata subsp. asturicense. Intermediate individuals have been found in the Western Central System. The differentiation within the I. velata group appears to be the result of gradual genetic divergence after isolation. Palaeobotanical data confirm the presence of I. velata subsp. asturicense in Late Glacial lake sediments in northwestern Spain. Cluster classification of the soft-water vegetation with Isoetes velata subsp. asturicense revealed two main groups in the Spanish Central System. A single association, the Sparganio angustifolii-Callitrichetum fontqueri which includes Iberian Atlantic stands of Sparganium angustifolium and Isoetes velata subsp. asturicense, is here recognized. Besides, a variant of the association with Eleocharis acicularis is identified in shallow temporary waters in the Western Sierra de Gredos.
为了提供更多关于其在伊比利亚半岛西部和西北部的栖息地和分布的信息,研究了绒毛异足虫的种群。生境和大孢子的形态被用作诊断特征。花形I.velata亚种。勒氏绒螯蟹在这里被认为是绒螯蟹亚种的同义词。asturicense,因此该物种内只剩下两个分类群:I.velata亚种。velata和I.velata亚种。asturicense。在西方中央系统中发现了中间个体。绒螯蟹群体内的分化似乎是分离后逐渐遗传分化的结果。古植物学数据证实了绒螯蟹亚种的存在。西班牙西北部晚冰川湖沉积物中的asturicense。软水植被Isoetes velata亚种的聚类分类。asturicense揭示了西班牙中央系统中的两个主要群体。一个单一的协会,包括伊比利亚-大西洋的狭叶三棱和绒叶异叶亚种。asturicense,在这里被认可。此外,在Sierra de Gredos西部的浅临时水域中发现了一种与针状Eleocharis相关的变体。
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引用次数: 1
Macro- and microevolutionary perspectives on Seynesiella juniperi, a fungus in the Venturiales (Dothideomycetes, Ascomycota) Venturiales (dothideomytes,子囊菌科)真菌juniperseynesiella的宏观和微观进化观点
Pub Date : 2021-04-14 DOI: 10.5209/BOCM.73217
Isaac Garrido Benavent
The present work represents the first comprehensive phylogenetic study of the dothideomycete genus Seynesiella. The genus belongs into the family Cylindrosympodiaceae within the order Venturiales, based on a phylogeny reconstructed with five loci. The high genetic diversity found within the type species, S. juniperi, points towards cryptic speciation, with up to five distinct species that might be associated to different Juniperus hosts. Combining phylogenetics and multi-locus delimitation analyses, together with more detailed measurements of ascospores, will be fundamental for a better understanding of species boundaries and the biogeographic history of the delimited species, as well as for revealing more specific fungal-plant association patterns.
目前的工作代表了第一个全面的系统发育研究dothideomytes属Seynesiella。根据5个基因座的系统发育重建,本属属属圆筒形木犀草科。在型种刺柏(S. juniperi)中发现的高度遗传多样性指向了隐种,最多有五个不同的物种可能与不同的刺柏宿主有关。结合系统发育学和多位点划分分析,以及对子囊孢子更详细的测量,将是更好地理解物种边界和被划分物种的生物地理历史,以及揭示更具体的真菌-植物关联模式的基础。
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引用次数: 0
The historical biogeography and conservation value of taxonomic distinctness: The case of ferns flora of the Gibraltar Arc 分类独特性的历史生物地理学及其保护价值——以直布罗陀弧蕨类植物区系为例
Pub Date : 2021-04-14 DOI: 10.5209/BOCM.75454
Ángel Enrique Salvo Tierra, J. Báez, A. Flores‐Moya
The pteridofloras of nine locations in the Gibraltar Arc were analyzed using a taxonomic distinctness index. We found that the index could be a proxy of historical biogeography of the pteridofloras from this area. Moreover, the value of the taxonomic distinctness index of the different locations showed relevant relationships with certain geographic variables. Finally, we hypothesize about the value of the information derived from taxonomic distinctness index for conservation of the pteridoflora in the Gibraltar Arc.
采用分类学差异指数对直布罗陀弧9个地点的蕨类植物区系进行了分析。该指数可作为该地区蕨类植物区系历史生物地理学的一个指标。此外,不同地点的分类差异指数值与某些地理变量存在相关关系。最后,对直布罗陀地区蕨类植物分类差异指数信息的保护价值进行了推测。
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引用次数: 0
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Botanica Complutensis
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