Introduction: It has been proven that COVID- 19 asymptomatic carriers and presymptomatic patients do transmit the virus and potentially infect their contacts and caregivers International medical and scientific societies, as well as governmental and public health bodies, from all over the globe, have issued recommendations about infection prevention and control measures that should be taken, in addition to the general standard precautions measures, while dealing with hospital patients during this pandemic In this article, we did an electronic review of the published and posted recommendations in different medical scenarios Accordingly, we put a position set of recommendations about the precautions that are needed to be taken with all patients when the virus is still circulating in the community from an Infectious Disease specialist perspective Methods: This is a narrative electronic review of the available and latest interim guidelines recommendations, position statements, expert commentaries and opinions issued by international scientific societies, international organizations, governmental bodies and public health authorities from different medical specialties in the United States of America, Canada, United Kingdom, Europe, France, Italy, China, Australia, and Asia Pacific region We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for articles and written material published in English and French between January 1, 2020, and April 25, 2020 Results: Recommendations were retrieved from around 50 documents We endorse the general recommendations that appear in all reviewed specialties From an infectious disease specialist perspective, the following should be applied to all patients in healthcare settings: • Triage based on a checklist with the timely updated case definition at the entrance and admission to any health facility ward or service • Aerosol generating procedures to all patients like tracheal intubation for medical reasons or anesthesia, gastrointestinal endoscopy is preferably done under airborne/contact precautions • Areas of the hospital where patients potentially would undergo aerosol generating procedures should be adequately ventilated and with negative pressure • All staff should be trained for donning and doffing personal protective equipment, and well trained regarding infection prevention measures in their respective departments • Face-to-face consultations especially in the vulnerable at risk population, like immunocompromised patients and pregnant women, should be reasonably minimized along with prioritization and deferral of care as much as possible •Workforce and personal protective equipment management should become a priority in the planning of care Conclusion: The COVID pandemic has become a turning point in the standard of care in healthcare settings At least, until the availability of universal vaccination or mortality-reducing therapies, healthcare settings will have to apply additional measures to the classical standard precautions,
{"title":"Escalation of Standard Precautions during COVID-19 Pandemic : Review of Electronic Literature and Position Paper","authors":"R. Moghnieh, A. Bizri","doi":"10.12816/0057436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0057436","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: It has been proven that COVID- 19 asymptomatic carriers and presymptomatic patients do transmit the virus and potentially infect their contacts and caregivers International medical and scientific societies, as well as governmental and public health bodies, from all over the globe, have issued recommendations about infection prevention and control measures that should be taken, in addition to the general standard precautions measures, while dealing with hospital patients during this pandemic In this article, we did an electronic review of the published and posted recommendations in different medical scenarios Accordingly, we put a position set of recommendations about the precautions that are needed to be taken with all patients when the virus is still circulating in the community from an Infectious Disease specialist perspective Methods: This is a narrative electronic review of the available and latest interim guidelines recommendations, position statements, expert commentaries and opinions issued by international scientific societies, international organizations, governmental bodies and public health authorities from different medical specialties in the United States of America, Canada, United Kingdom, Europe, France, Italy, China, Australia, and Asia Pacific region We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for articles and written material published in English and French between January 1, 2020, and April 25, 2020 Results: Recommendations were retrieved from around 50 documents We endorse the general recommendations that appear in all reviewed specialties From an infectious disease specialist perspective, the following should be applied to all patients in healthcare settings: • Triage based on a checklist with the timely updated case definition at the entrance and admission to any health facility ward or service • Aerosol generating procedures to all patients like tracheal intubation for medical reasons or anesthesia, gastrointestinal endoscopy is preferably done under airborne/contact precautions • Areas of the hospital where patients potentially would undergo aerosol generating procedures should be adequately ventilated and with negative pressure • All staff should be trained for donning and doffing personal protective equipment, and well trained regarding infection prevention measures in their respective departments • Face-to-face consultations especially in the vulnerable at risk population, like immunocompromised patients and pregnant women, should be reasonably minimized along with prioritization and deferral of care as much as possible •Workforce and personal protective equipment management should become a priority in the planning of care Conclusion: The COVID pandemic has become a turning point in the standard of care in healthcare settings At least, until the availability of universal vaccination or mortality-reducing therapies, healthcare settings will have to apply additional measures to the classical standard precautions, ","PeriodicalId":39521,"journal":{"name":"Journal Medical Libanais","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48439743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic in the Midst of Lebanon’s Worst Financial Crisis Capital Control or Captain Control ?","authors":"R. Sarkis, H. Hassan, A. Lichaa, R. Hachem","doi":"10.12816/0057433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0057433","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39521,"journal":{"name":"Journal Medical Libanais","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47136294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Residencyand Fellowship Training during the Lebanese Financial Crisis and the COVID-19 Pandemic : Navigating Unprecedented Challenges","authors":"F. Mirza, E. Ayoub, Z. Hubayter, S. Malas","doi":"10.12816/0057444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0057444","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39521,"journal":{"name":"Journal Medical Libanais","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48062462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Chami, W. Saleh, Z. Aoun-Bacha, P. B. Khalil, S. Chamandi, K. Diab, G. Juvelekian, P. Yazbeck, S. Kanj
Background: The rapidly spreading COVID-19 pandemic was associated with significant nosocomial transmissions and poses a risk to healthcare workers and hospitalized patients We assessed intensive care units (ICU) resources, COVID-19 preparedness and the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE) to ICU practitioners in Lebanon Methods: Between March 23 and 31, 2020, 250 ICU physicians working in Lebanon were surveyed on COVID-19 preparedness at their local hospitals, the availability of ICU resources, and adequate PPE The survey was developed and administered by the Lebanese Society of Critical Care Medicine in collaboration with the Lebanese Pulmonary Society and the Lebanese Society of Anesthesiologists Results: Eighty-nine ICU physicians working at 51 hospitals in all Lebanese regions completed the survey The recommended PPE for ICU physicians (N95 masks, face shields and impermeable body-gowns) and the needed fitting and doning/doffing training were available to 34% of respondents Dedicated wards and ICU for COVID-19 patients, negative pressure ICU rooms, video-laryngoscopes and COVID-19 testing were available on-site at 17% of respondents' hospitals Conclusions: At the onset of the COVID-19 epidemic in Lebanon, the availability of recommended PPE to the surveyed ICU physicians in Lebanon and the available ICU resources and COVID-19 preparedness at their hospitals were limited
{"title":"Survey of COVID-19 Preparedness among Lebanese ICU Physicians","authors":"H. Chami, W. Saleh, Z. Aoun-Bacha, P. B. Khalil, S. Chamandi, K. Diab, G. Juvelekian, P. Yazbeck, S. Kanj","doi":"10.12816/0057447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0057447","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The rapidly spreading COVID-19 pandemic was associated with significant nosocomial transmissions and poses a risk to healthcare workers and hospitalized patients We assessed intensive care units (ICU) resources, COVID-19 preparedness and the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE) to ICU practitioners in Lebanon Methods: Between March 23 and 31, 2020, 250 ICU physicians working in Lebanon were surveyed on COVID-19 preparedness at their local hospitals, the availability of ICU resources, and adequate PPE The survey was developed and administered by the Lebanese Society of Critical Care Medicine in collaboration with the Lebanese Pulmonary Society and the Lebanese Society of Anesthesiologists Results: Eighty-nine ICU physicians working at 51 hospitals in all Lebanese regions completed the survey The recommended PPE for ICU physicians (N95 masks, face shields and impermeable body-gowns) and the needed fitting and doning/doffing training were available to 34% of respondents Dedicated wards and ICU for COVID-19 patients, negative pressure ICU rooms, video-laryngoscopes and COVID-19 testing were available on-site at 17% of respondents' hospitals Conclusions: At the onset of the COVID-19 epidemic in Lebanon, the availability of recommended PPE to the surveyed ICU physicians in Lebanon and the available ICU resources and COVID-19 preparedness at their hospitals were limited","PeriodicalId":39521,"journal":{"name":"Journal Medical Libanais","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43978810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Teaching Ethics as Part of a Good Clinical Medicine","authors":"M. Daher","doi":"10.12816/0057266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0057266","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39521,"journal":{"name":"Journal Medical Libanais","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46262308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"De la Mort de Soi à la Mort de l’Autre : Réflexions sur la Fin de Vie Médicalisée","authors":"D. Sicard","doi":"10.12816/0057253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0057253","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39521,"journal":{"name":"Journal Medical Libanais","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47200396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La Recherche en Neurosciences : Une Chance ou un Mal Nécessaire ?","authors":"K. Kallab","doi":"10.12816/0057264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0057264","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39521,"journal":{"name":"Journal Medical Libanais","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45493184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"La Stigmatisation des Malades Mentaux","authors":"Sami Paul Tawil","doi":"10.12816/0057263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0057263","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39521,"journal":{"name":"Journal Medical Libanais","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43896301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Le Démenti des Fleurs","authors":"R. Tomb","doi":"10.12816/0057251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0057251","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39521,"journal":{"name":"Journal Medical Libanais","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44617015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
La libéralisation des mœurs induite par la contraception hormonale est due, entre autres, à la possibilité de séparation de la sexualité et de la procréation. Les développements des techniques de procréation médicalement assistée (PMA) sont venus ajouter un changement supplémentaire, celui de séparer la procréation de la filiation. Le tout a entraîné des bouleversements majeurs des notions « traditionnelles » de parentalité et de famille durant les dernières décennies, ce qui a soulevé de sérieuses questions sociétales et éthiques. Et si l’impact de ces bouleversements varie selon les contextes socioculturels spécifiques, la mondialisation outrepasse les frontières et met l’humanité face à des problématiques communes qui dépassent le cadre communautaire ou national et qui interpellent les principes universels de bioéthique et de droits humains.
{"title":"Sexualité et Procréation Médicalement Assistée à l’Épreuve des Cultures, de l’Éthique et des Droits Humains","authors":"Nouzha Guessous","doi":"10.12816/0057255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0057255","url":null,"abstract":"La libéralisation des mœurs induite par la contraception hormonale est due, entre autres, à la possibilité de séparation de la sexualité et de la procréation. Les développements des techniques de procréation médicalement assistée (PMA) sont venus ajouter un changement supplémentaire, celui de séparer la procréation de la filiation. Le tout a entraîné des bouleversements majeurs des notions « traditionnelles » de parentalité et de famille durant les dernières décennies, ce qui a soulevé de sérieuses questions sociétales et éthiques. Et si l’impact de ces bouleversements varie selon les contextes socioculturels spécifiques, la mondialisation outrepasse les frontières et met l’humanité face à des problématiques communes qui dépassent le cadre communautaire ou national et qui interpellent les principes universels de bioéthique et de droits humains.","PeriodicalId":39521,"journal":{"name":"Journal Medical Libanais","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49381014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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