Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2593-9173.19.10.259
K. Kusse, K. Kassu
The study was conducted to assess the access, supply and utilization of Improved Seed varieties with specific objectives of to assess access to improved seed Varsities, to identify seed supply system and to assess seed utilization system. The primary data were collected from sample respondents through structured questioner and from focused group discussion through checklist were as secondary data were collected from districts agricultural and natural resource office through general discussion. The study districts were selected purposively based on improved seed utilization then from the districts kebeles were selected purposively based on access to, supply and utilization of seed finally 40 sample farmers were selected proportionally to the total number of households of each kebele. The farmers having large farm sizes high experience is willing highly to use improve seeds than those of small land size and low experience. In the study area, farmers widely uses seeds, which are locally available than the seeds from formal systems because seeds from formal systems pass through long chain to reach the farmers. Access to, supply and utilization of improved seeds are critical factors for the ability of smallholder farmers to increase agricultural production and productivity, ensuring food security and improving livelihoods. But, still the sector is unable to fulfill the farmer’s needs of access to improved seed varieties of needed quantity, at expected quality and in a timely manner, mainly because of the highly centralized seed distribution system and virtual absence of seed marketing conducted by the seed producing enterprises and companies. In the study area farmers majorly purchase improved seeds from local markets and sometimes they exchange with other farmers.
{"title":"Access, Supply System and Utilization of Improved Seed varieties in Debub Omo Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia","authors":"K. Kusse, K. Kassu","doi":"10.35248/2593-9173.19.10.259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2593-9173.19.10.259","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to assess the access, supply and utilization of Improved Seed varieties with specific objectives of to assess access to improved seed Varsities, to identify seed supply system and to assess seed utilization system. The primary data were collected from sample respondents through structured questioner and from focused group discussion through checklist were as secondary data were collected from districts agricultural and natural resource office through general discussion. The study districts were selected purposively based on improved seed utilization then from the districts kebeles were selected purposively based on access to, supply and utilization of seed finally 40 sample farmers were selected proportionally to the total number of households of each kebele. The farmers having large farm sizes high experience is willing highly to use improve seeds than those of small land size and low experience. In the study area, farmers widely uses seeds, which are locally available than the seeds from formal systems because seeds from formal systems pass through long chain to reach the farmers. Access to, supply and utilization of improved seeds are critical factors for the ability of smallholder farmers to increase agricultural production and productivity, ensuring food security and improving livelihoods. But, still the sector is unable to fulfill the farmer’s needs of access to improved seed varieties of needed quantity, at expected quality and in a timely manner, mainly because of the highly centralized seed distribution system and virtual absence of seed marketing conducted by the seed producing enterprises and companies. In the study area farmers majorly purchase improved seeds from local markets and sometimes they exchange with other farmers.","PeriodicalId":396842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123854611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2593-9173.19.10.256
Abu Tolcha Gari, Mezegebu Getnet, L. Nigatu
In countries like Ethiopia where vulnerability is high and adaptive capacity is low, studying impacts of climate change and adaptation measures at local scale is critical. In view of this, this study was conducted in Arsi Robe, Asasa, Debre Zeit and Kulumsa areas of central highlands of Ethiopia to model impacts of the changing climate on wheat production by 2050s under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. Historical climate data (1981-2015), future climate data downscaled using the ensemble of seventeen climate models, crop and soil data were analyzed using crop simulation model to assess impacts of climate change on wheat yield. The crop model simulation indicated a negative impact on wheat yield in all study sites under both RCPs. There will be high yield reduction under RCP 4.5 than under RCP 8.5 at Arsi Robe and Asasa while the reverse is true at Debre Zeit and Kulumsa sites for Dandaa and Kakaba cultivars. Comparing the two cultivars, Kakaba showed high yield potential than Dandaa in all study sites. Besides, the yield of both cultivars showed declined median from the baseline yield under both RCPs and the yield variability is higher under the baseline conditions than for the future climate conditions.
{"title":"Modeling Climate Change Impacts on Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Production in Central Highlands of Ethiopia","authors":"Abu Tolcha Gari, Mezegebu Getnet, L. Nigatu","doi":"10.35248/2593-9173.19.10.256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2593-9173.19.10.256","url":null,"abstract":"In countries like Ethiopia where vulnerability is high and adaptive capacity is low, studying impacts of climate change and adaptation measures at local scale is critical. In view of this, this study was conducted in Arsi Robe, Asasa, Debre Zeit and Kulumsa areas of central highlands of Ethiopia to model impacts of the changing climate on wheat production by 2050s under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. Historical climate data (1981-2015), future climate data downscaled using the ensemble of seventeen climate models, crop and soil data were analyzed using crop simulation model to assess impacts of climate change on wheat yield. The crop model simulation indicated a negative impact on wheat yield in all study sites under both RCPs. There will be high yield reduction under RCP 4.5 than under RCP 8.5 at Arsi Robe and Asasa while the reverse is true at Debre Zeit and Kulumsa sites for Dandaa and Kakaba cultivars. Comparing the two cultivars, Kakaba showed high yield potential than Dandaa in all study sites. Besides, the yield of both cultivars showed declined median from the baseline yield under both RCPs and the yield variability is higher under the baseline conditions than for the future climate conditions.","PeriodicalId":396842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133431462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.35248/2593-9173.19.10.268
M. K. Khalil, S. Qureshi, Muhammad Owais Khan, Farooq Ishaq, M. Tariq, Sultan Nawaz, S. Rehman, Abrar Ahmed
Lack of knowledge with farmers regarding the use of optimum fertilizers rate is one of the key cause of diminishing productivity of our soil. The current study was conducted with an aim to evaluate comparison between inorganic phosphorous fertilizers and phosphorous enriched citrus waste compost in enhancing the nodulation and obtaining economical yield of mungbean. The field trail was operated in Rabi season 2018-2019 using RCB design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. Total 8 treatments were used such as T1 (Control), T2 (Citrus waste compost alone) T3 (DAP alone), T4 (rock phosphate alone), T5 (SSP alone), T6 (4% DAP enriched CW compost), T7 (4% RP enriched CW compost), T9 (4% SSP enriched CW compost) and each treatment was replicated three times. The outcomes of the field trail showed that all the phosphorous treatment has significantly affected the nodulation and grain yield of mungbean but treatments containing phosphorous enriched citrus waste compost was far better in results as compared to treatments containing alone mineral fertilizers. Treatment containing 4% DAP enriched citrus waste compost has significantly increased the grain yield, plant height and number of pods per plant up to 65%, 49% and 43% respectively significantly followed by treatments containing 4% SSP and 4% RP enriched citrus waste compost. However, in case of nodulation maximum values were obtained for treatment receiving alone RP increasing the number and mass of nodules up to 72% and 64%. It was concluded that pretreatment of DAP with citrus waste compost makes the soil favorable for long term phosphorous uptake resulting in better grain yield and yield attributes of mungbean. Though the DAP enriched citrus waste compost was best in our results, but other levels and their consequent effect on soil and crop yields should be assessed along with their environmental risks for wider and long term recommendations.
{"title":"Enhancing Effects of Phosphorous Enriched Citrus Waste Compost on Nodulation and Various Yield Attributes of Mung Bean in Peshawar District","authors":"M. K. Khalil, S. Qureshi, Muhammad Owais Khan, Farooq Ishaq, M. Tariq, Sultan Nawaz, S. Rehman, Abrar Ahmed","doi":"10.35248/2593-9173.19.10.268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35248/2593-9173.19.10.268","url":null,"abstract":"Lack of knowledge with farmers regarding the use of optimum fertilizers rate is one of the key cause of diminishing productivity of our soil. The current study was conducted with an aim to evaluate comparison between inorganic phosphorous fertilizers and phosphorous enriched citrus waste compost in enhancing the nodulation and obtaining economical yield of mungbean. The field trail was operated in Rabi season 2018-2019 using RCB design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. Total 8 treatments were used such as T1 (Control), T2 (Citrus waste compost alone) T3 (DAP alone), T4 (rock phosphate alone), T5 (SSP alone), T6 (4% DAP enriched CW compost), T7 (4% RP enriched CW compost), T9 (4% SSP enriched CW compost) and each treatment was replicated three times. The outcomes of the field trail showed that all the phosphorous treatment has significantly affected the nodulation and grain yield of mungbean but treatments containing phosphorous enriched citrus waste compost was far better in results as compared to treatments containing alone mineral fertilizers. Treatment containing 4% DAP enriched citrus waste compost has significantly increased the grain yield, plant height and number of pods per plant up to 65%, 49% and 43% respectively significantly followed by treatments containing 4% SSP and 4% RP enriched citrus waste compost. However, in case of nodulation maximum values were obtained for treatment receiving alone RP increasing the number and mass of nodules up to 72% and 64%. It was concluded that pretreatment of DAP with citrus waste compost makes the soil favorable for long term phosphorous uptake resulting in better grain yield and yield attributes of mungbean. Though the DAP enriched citrus waste compost was best in our results, but other levels and their consequent effect on soil and crop yields should be assessed along with their environmental risks for wider and long term recommendations.","PeriodicalId":396842,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Research","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128658434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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