Pub Date : 2020-12-07DOI: 10.26415/2572-004x-vol4iss3p576-576
Ana Carolina Borges Monteiro
Background: Most diseases can be detected by routine examination, even if they are in the initial phase. Currently, one of the most requested medical laboratory tests is that which allows detecting from bacterial infections until leukemias. However, for less favored populations, this examination can be seen as having a high cost. Methods: Thus, this study introduces an algorithm of segmentation of images capable of detecting and counting red blood cells and leukocytes present in digital images of blood smear. The methodology was named by WT-MO, once it relies on the concepts of Watershed Transform and Morphological Operations. The experiments were conducted in the MATLAB software simulation environment, where 25 images were used in order to evaluate the accuracy, processing time, and execution time of the WT-MO algorithm. Results: The results show that the WT-MO methodology presents high accuracy, reaching 96% and 92% in the red blood cell and leukocyte counts, respectively; reliability and low processing time, reaching an average processing time and execution time, achieving from 0.74 to 2.17 seconds. Therefore, the WT-MO algorithm can be seen as the first step in making laboratory tests more accessible to populations in underdeveloped and developing countries. Conclusion: The WT-MO methodology helps not only disadvantaged populations gain access to low-cost, high-reliability tests but also has excellent potential for use in laboratories in developed countries.
{"title":"Hematology and Digital Image Processing: Watershed Transform-Based Methodology for Blood Cell Counting Using the WT-MO Algorithm","authors":"Ana Carolina Borges Monteiro","doi":"10.26415/2572-004x-vol4iss3p576-576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26415/2572-004x-vol4iss3p576-576","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Most diseases can be detected by routine examination, even if they are in the initial phase. Currently, one of the most requested medical laboratory tests is that which allows detecting from bacterial infections until leukemias. However, for less favored populations, this examination can be seen as having a high cost. \u0000Methods: Thus, this study introduces an algorithm of segmentation of images capable of detecting and counting red blood cells and leukocytes present in digital images of blood smear. The methodology was named by WT-MO, once it relies on the concepts of Watershed Transform and Morphological Operations. The experiments were conducted in the MATLAB software simulation environment, where 25 images were used in order to evaluate the accuracy, processing time, and execution time of the WT-MO algorithm. \u0000Results: The results show that the WT-MO methodology presents high accuracy, reaching 96% and 92% in the red blood cell and leukocyte counts, respectively; reliability and low processing time, reaching an average processing time and execution time, achieving from 0.74 to 2.17 seconds. Therefore, the WT-MO algorithm can be seen as the first step in making laboratory tests more accessible to populations in underdeveloped and developing countries. \u0000Conclusion: The WT-MO methodology helps not only disadvantaged populations gain access to low-cost, high-reliability tests but also has excellent potential for use in laboratories in developed countries.","PeriodicalId":397681,"journal":{"name":"Medical Technologies Journal","volume":"298 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121452113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-07DOI: 10.26415/2572-004x-vol4iss3p584-585
Vania V. Estrela
Background: Software-Defined Radio (SDR) frameworks from cellular telephone base stations, e.g., Multiservice Distributed Access System (MDAS) and small cells, employ extensively integrated RF agile transceivers. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is the collection of medical devices and applications that connect to healthcare IT systems through online computer networks. Medical devices equipped with Wi-Fi allow M2M communication, which is the backbone of IoMT and associated devices linked to cloud platforms containing stored data to be analyzed. Examples of IoMT include remote patient monitoring of people with chronic or long-term conditions, tracking patient medication orders and the location of patients admitted to hospitals, and patients' wearables to send info to caregivers. Infusion pumps connected to dashboards and hospital beds rigged with sensors measuring patients' vital signs are medical devices that can be converted to or deployed as IoMT technology. Methods: This work proposes an SDR architecture to allow wireless High-Definition (HD) video broadcast for biomedical applications. This text examines a Wideband Wireless Video (WWV) signal chain implementation using the transceivers, the data transmitted volume, the matching occupied RF bandwidth, the communication distance, the transmitter’s power, and the implementation of the PHY layer as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with test results to evade RF interference. Results: As the IoMT grows, the amount of possible IoMT uses increases. Many mobile devices employ Near Field Communication (NFC) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags allowing them to share data with IT systems. RFID tags in medical equipment and supplies allow hospital staff can remain aware of the quantities they have in stock. The practice of using IoMT devices to observe patients in their homes remotely is also known as telemedicine. This kind of treatment spares patients from traveling to healthcare facilities whenever they have a medical question or change in their condition. Conclusion: An SDR-based HD biomedical video transmission is proposed, with its benefits and disadvantages for biomedical WWV are discussed. The security of IoMT sensitive data is a developing concern for healthcare providers.
{"title":"SDR-Based High-Definition Video Transmission for Biomedical Engineering","authors":"Vania V. Estrela","doi":"10.26415/2572-004x-vol4iss3p584-585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26415/2572-004x-vol4iss3p584-585","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Software-Defined Radio (SDR) frameworks from cellular telephone base stations, e.g., Multiservice Distributed Access System (MDAS) and small cells, employ extensively integrated RF agile transceivers. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is the collection of medical devices and applications that connect to healthcare IT systems through online computer networks. Medical devices equipped with Wi-Fi allow M2M communication, which is the backbone of IoMT and associated devices linked to cloud platforms containing stored data to be analyzed. Examples of IoMT include remote patient monitoring of people with chronic or long-term conditions, tracking patient medication orders and the location of patients admitted to hospitals, and patients' wearables to send info to caregivers. Infusion pumps connected to dashboards and hospital beds rigged with sensors measuring patients' vital signs are medical devices that can be converted to or deployed as IoMT technology. \u0000Methods: This work proposes an SDR architecture to allow wireless High-Definition (HD) video broadcast for biomedical applications. This text examines a Wideband Wireless Video (WWV) signal chain implementation using the transceivers, the data transmitted volume, the matching occupied RF bandwidth, the communication distance, the transmitter’s power, and the implementation of the PHY layer as Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with test results to evade RF interference. \u0000Results: As the IoMT grows, the amount of possible IoMT uses increases. Many mobile devices employ Near Field Communication (NFC) Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags allowing them to share data with IT systems. RFID tags in medical equipment and supplies allow hospital staff can remain aware of the quantities they have in stock. The practice of using IoMT devices to observe patients in their homes remotely is also known as telemedicine. This kind of treatment spares patients from traveling to healthcare facilities whenever they have a medical question or change in their condition. \u0000Conclusion: An SDR-based HD biomedical video transmission is proposed, with its benefits and disadvantages for biomedical WWV are discussed. The security of IoMT sensitive data is a developing concern for healthcare providers.","PeriodicalId":397681,"journal":{"name":"Medical Technologies Journal","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115557260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-17DOI: 10.26415/2572-004x-vol4iss1p504-514
Keniche Assia
Background:Wilson’s illness, or hepatolenticular degeneration, is an autosomal passive issue that outcomes from an accumulation of copper prevalently in the liver and brain. The aggregation is happen because of imperfect biliary discharge of copper. Current information demonstrates that grown-up people need to ingest about 0.75 mg of copper every day to continue a parity. Because of a hereditary imperfection, people with Wilson’s ailment can't discharge the abundance copper, bringing about a progressive develop of copper in the body. Substantial metals are the most hurtful of the concoction toxins and are of specific worry because of their poison levels to people. From this poisonous metal copper, which has impacts in drinking water on the gastrointestinal tract, yet there is some with respect to the drawn out impacts of copper on delicate populaces, for example, bearers of the quality for Wilson’smalady and other metabolic issue of copper homeostasis. Method:We picked as a characteristic adsorbent in this work the Moringa Oleifera Seeds (MOSs) from Mali assortment, which could be a practical and earth safe strategy for water sanitization. All examinations were directed at room temperature, andafter being permitted to represent two hours, the examples were broke down utilizing the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The seeds of Moringawere set up by taking around 1 g of the seed squashed and blending it in with around 20 cm3 of water to be decontaminated in three distinct measuring utensils. Result:The different arrangements after filtration, indicated an expanded thickness in the amount of copper, which demonstrates the viability of the cleansing intensity of the seeds of MO. The best consequences of adsorption were for 30 min of contact time. We had half copper evacuation. The impact of contact time is significant in biosorption investigations to decide the harmony time required for the take-up of metal particles by the MOSs. Conclusion:In this investigation, the MOS from Mali were demonstrated to be a proficient regular adsorbent material of copper from fluid arrangements. The limit of the MOS to evacuate copper relies upon numerous models as; plant assortment and states of examinations. Our examination is going on the investigation of evacuation parameters, for example, contact time, pH, temperature, molecule size, sorbent portion, and introductory metal fixation.
{"title":"Removal of Copper from Industrial Wastewater and its Relationship with Wilson's Disease","authors":"Keniche Assia","doi":"10.26415/2572-004x-vol4iss1p504-514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26415/2572-004x-vol4iss1p504-514","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Wilson’s illness, or hepatolenticular degeneration, is an autosomal passive issue that outcomes from an accumulation of copper prevalently in the liver and brain. The aggregation is happen because of imperfect biliary discharge of copper. Current information demonstrates that grown-up people need to ingest about 0.75 mg of copper every day to continue a parity. Because of a hereditary imperfection, people with Wilson’s ailment can't discharge the abundance copper, bringing about a progressive develop of copper in the body. Substantial metals are the most hurtful of the concoction toxins and are of specific worry because of their poison levels to people. From this poisonous metal copper, which has impacts in drinking water on the gastrointestinal tract, yet there is some with respect to the drawn out impacts of copper on delicate populaces, for example, bearers of the quality for Wilson’smalady and other metabolic issue of copper homeostasis. \u0000Method:We picked as a characteristic adsorbent in this work the Moringa Oleifera Seeds (MOSs) from Mali assortment, which could be a practical and earth safe strategy for water sanitization. All examinations were directed at room temperature, andafter being permitted to represent two hours, the examples were broke down utilizing the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The seeds of Moringawere set up by taking around 1 g of the seed squashed and blending it in with around 20 cm3 of water to be decontaminated in three distinct measuring utensils. \u0000Result:The different arrangements after filtration, indicated an expanded thickness in the amount of copper, which demonstrates the viability of the cleansing intensity of the seeds of MO. The best consequences of adsorption were for 30 min of contact time. We had half copper evacuation. The impact of contact time is significant in biosorption investigations to decide the harmony time required for the take-up of metal particles by the MOSs. \u0000Conclusion:In this investigation, the MOS from Mali were demonstrated to be a proficient regular adsorbent material of copper from fluid arrangements. The limit of the MOS to evacuate copper relies upon numerous models as; plant assortment and states of examinations. Our examination is going on the investigation of evacuation parameters, for example, contact time, pH, temperature, molecule size, sorbent portion, and introductory metal fixation.","PeriodicalId":397681,"journal":{"name":"Medical Technologies Journal","volume":"179 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116970602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-05DOI: 10.26415/2572-004X-VOL4ISS1P518-519
S. Bellifa
Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major cause of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. This germ is responsible for acute and chronic infections, most of which are due to its ability to adhere to medical implants and form a biofilm. The objective of this work is to study the interaction between clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae and abiotic surfaces (medical devices) and some factors influencing biofilm formation. Methods: Over a period of 2 years, 115 strains of K. pneumoniae were isolated from medical devices CHU Tlemcen, most of which had a high level of resistance to cephalosporins 1st, 2nd, and 3rd generation. Their capacity to form biofilm was assessed using two 3 techniques: TCP, TP, and RCA. We determined in vitro the effects of three antimicrobial agents against planktonic and biofilm forms of K. pneumoniae. The presence of MrkD genes was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: According to the studied (TCP, TP, RCA) strains of K .pneumoniae isolated from urinary catheters have proved very good, forming the biofilm to those isolated from other medical devices. 24 of 115 isolated strains showed a clear difference in antibiotic susceptibility between planktonic populations and biofilm populations. They were 10-20 times higher. All strains presented a highly hydrophilic character and adhesion 2-10 times greater in PVC with respect to glass support. The MrkD gene (detected by PCR) responsible for biofilm formation was found in 22 strains of K. pneumoniae, which may explain their adhesion and therefore their pathogenicity. Conclusion: Our results show the great ability of K.pneumoniae strains to form a biofilm on medical devices, and the isolates were at least 10 times more resistant than their planktonic counterparts. In addition, we showed that the presence of type 3-encoding gene mrkD was associated with high adhesion indexes.
{"title":"Detection of Biofilm Formation of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated from Medical Devices at the University Hospital of Tlemcen, Algeria","authors":"S. Bellifa","doi":"10.26415/2572-004X-VOL4ISS1P518-519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26415/2572-004X-VOL4ISS1P518-519","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major cause of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. This germ is responsible for acute and chronic infections, most of which are due to its ability to adhere to medical implants and form a biofilm. The objective of this work is to study the interaction between clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae and abiotic surfaces (medical devices) and some factors influencing biofilm formation. \u0000Methods: Over a period of 2 years, 115 strains of K. pneumoniae were isolated from medical devices CHU Tlemcen, most of which had a high level of resistance to cephalosporins 1st, 2nd, and 3rd generation. Their capacity to form biofilm was assessed using two 3 techniques: TCP, TP, and RCA. We determined in vitro the effects of three antimicrobial agents against planktonic and biofilm forms of K. pneumoniae. The presence of MrkD genes was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). \u0000Results: According to the studied (TCP, TP, RCA) strains of K .pneumoniae isolated from urinary catheters have proved very good, forming the biofilm to those isolated from other medical devices. 24 of 115 isolated strains showed a clear difference in antibiotic susceptibility between planktonic populations and biofilm populations. They were 10-20 times higher. All strains presented a highly hydrophilic character and adhesion 2-10 times greater in PVC with respect to glass support. The MrkD gene (detected by PCR) responsible for biofilm formation was found in 22 strains of K. pneumoniae, which may explain their adhesion and therefore their pathogenicity. \u0000Conclusion: Our results show the great ability of K.pneumoniae strains to form a biofilm on medical devices, and the isolates were at least 10 times more resistant than their planktonic counterparts. In addition, we showed that the presence of type 3-encoding gene mrkD was associated with high adhesion indexes.","PeriodicalId":397681,"journal":{"name":"Medical Technologies Journal","volume":"448 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121831438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-20DOI: 10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p454-454
R. Lohse
Using US cancer registry data of SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program), data based analyses of prevalence, incidence, and survival rates are able for the medical risk assessment in life insurance. Statistical analyses of cancer patients and base population were performed using SEER*Stat from the US National Cancer Institute. The system provides multivariate restrictions of patient groups and subdivisions of outcomes. The lecture focuses on survival time analyses and additional calculations for the outcome of extra mortality rates of cancer patients in relation to base population. Based on these extra mortality rates, principles of underwriting decisions in life insurance will be presented.
{"title":"Data-Based Risk Assessment of Cancer Diseases for Life insurance","authors":"R. Lohse","doi":"10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p454-454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p454-454","url":null,"abstract":"Using US cancer registry data of SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program), data based analyses of prevalence, incidence, and survival rates are able for the medical risk assessment in life insurance. Statistical analyses of cancer patients and base population were performed using SEER*Stat from the US National Cancer Institute. The system provides multivariate restrictions of patient groups and subdivisions of outcomes. The lecture focuses on survival time analyses and additional calculations for the outcome of extra mortality rates of cancer patients in relation to base population. Based on these extra mortality rates, principles of underwriting decisions in life insurance will be presented.","PeriodicalId":397681,"journal":{"name":"Medical Technologies Journal","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114434885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-20DOI: 10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p453-453
W. Seger
The consequences of demographic aging caused an impulse for German politics to establish an independent Social Long-Term-Care Insurance in 1995. Since then the assessment for long-term-care became stepwise more comprehensive to cover the bio-psycho-social needs of an increasing part of the population. Nowadays, about 3.3 Million persons receive benefits from this social insurance which help to cover a great part (but not in full) of financial and material support to overcome the impacts of long-term-care. About 2.5 Million persons are assessed every year with continuously increasing tendency by nursing experts working for the Statutory Medical Service mostly performing home visits. They assess the appropriate scores for mobility, cognitive and communicative abilities, behavior, attitudes, habits and psychic problems, self-sufficiency, coping and handling of requirements due to disease and therapy, management of everyday life and maintaining social contacts, adding up to one of 5 grades, the need for technical aids, flat conversion, therapeutic procedures, rehabilitation and educative support. The assessment guidelines and the monitoring of the quality of their realization are presented as well as the outcome for the Long-Term-Care Insurance on the federal level. Twenty-five years of Long-Term-Care Insurance have led to a well established and steadfast insurance but with increasing expenses as well as rising social security contributions to face the challenges of a human and dignified evening of life for an increasing part of the population.
{"title":"The Assessment of Long-Term-Care, its Quality Assurance and Results -The German Perspective-","authors":"W. Seger","doi":"10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p453-453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p453-453","url":null,"abstract":"The consequences of demographic aging caused an impulse for German politics to establish an independent Social Long-Term-Care Insurance in 1995. Since then the assessment for long-term-care became stepwise more comprehensive to cover the bio-psycho-social needs of an increasing part of the population. Nowadays, about 3.3 Million persons receive benefits from this social insurance which help to cover a great part (but not in full) of financial and material support to overcome the impacts of long-term-care. About 2.5 Million persons are assessed every year with continuously increasing tendency by nursing experts working for the Statutory Medical Service mostly performing home visits. They assess the appropriate scores for mobility, cognitive and communicative abilities, behavior, attitudes, habits and psychic problems, self-sufficiency, coping and handling of requirements due to disease and therapy, management of everyday life and maintaining social contacts, adding up to one of 5 grades, the need for technical aids, flat conversion, therapeutic procedures, rehabilitation and educative support. The assessment guidelines and the monitoring of the quality of their realization are presented as well as the outcome for the Long-Term-Care Insurance on the federal level. Twenty-five years of Long-Term-Care Insurance have led to a well established and steadfast insurance but with increasing expenses as well as rising social security contributions to face the challenges of a human and dignified evening of life for an increasing part of the population.","PeriodicalId":397681,"journal":{"name":"Medical Technologies Journal","volume":"239 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130671068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-20DOI: 10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p421-429
Vania V. Estrela
Background: Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have been drawing noteworthy academic and industrial attention. A WBAN states a network dedicated to acquire personal biomedical data via cutting-edge sensors and to transmit healthcare-related commands to particular types of actuators intended for health purposes. Still, different proprietary designs exist, which may lead to biased assessments. This paper studies the role of Software-Defined Radio (SDR) in a WBAN system for inpatient and outpatient monitoring and explains to health professionals the importance of the SDR within WBANs. Methods: A concern related to all wireless networks is their dependence on hardware, which limits reprogramming or reconfiguration alternatives. If an error happens in the equipment, firmware, or software, then, typically, there will be no way to fix system vulnerabilities. SDR solves many fixed-hardware problems with other benefits. Results: SDR entails more healthcare domain dynamics with more network convergence in agreement with the stakeholders involved. Then the SDR perspective can bring in innovation to the healthcare subsystems’ interoperability with recombination/reprogramming of their parts, updating, and malleability. Conclusion: SDR technology has many utilizations in radio environments and is becoming progressively more widespread among all kinds of users. Nowadays, there are many frameworks to manipulate radio signals only with a computer and an inexpensive SDR arrangement. Moreover, providing a very cheap radio receiver/transmitter equipment, SDR devices can be merged with free software to simplify the spectrum analyses, provide interferences detection, deliver efficient frequency distribution assignments, test repeaters' operation while measuring their parameters, identify spectrum intruders and characterize noise according to frequency bands.
{"title":"Why Software-Defined Radio (SDR) Matters in Healthcare?","authors":"Vania V. Estrela","doi":"10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p421-429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p421-429","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have been drawing noteworthy academic and industrial attention. A WBAN states a network dedicated to acquire personal biomedical data via cutting-edge sensors and to transmit healthcare-related commands to particular types of actuators intended for health purposes. Still, different proprietary designs exist, which may lead to biased assessments. This paper studies the role of Software-Defined Radio (SDR) in a WBAN system for inpatient and outpatient monitoring and explains to health professionals the importance of the SDR within WBANs. \u0000Methods: A concern related to all wireless networks is their dependence on hardware, which limits reprogramming or reconfiguration alternatives. If an error happens in the equipment, firmware, or software, then, typically, there will be no way to fix system vulnerabilities. SDR solves many fixed-hardware problems with other benefits. \u0000Results: SDR entails more healthcare domain dynamics with more network convergence in agreement with the stakeholders involved. Then the SDR perspective can bring in innovation to the healthcare subsystems’ interoperability with recombination/reprogramming of their parts, updating, and malleability. \u0000Conclusion: SDR technology has many utilizations in radio environments and is becoming progressively more widespread among all kinds of users. Nowadays, there are many frameworks to manipulate radio signals only with a computer and an inexpensive SDR arrangement. Moreover, providing a very cheap radio receiver/transmitter equipment, SDR devices can be merged with free software to simplify the spectrum analyses, provide interferences detection, deliver efficient frequency distribution assignments, test repeaters' operation while measuring their parameters, identify spectrum intruders and characterize noise according to frequency bands.","PeriodicalId":397681,"journal":{"name":"Medical Technologies Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128510434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-20DOI: 10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p430-442
T. Edoh, Martin Lankoandé
Background: People requesting palliative care or suffering from pain are subjected to adhere to opioid-based treatment in order to alleviate their pain. Commonly, access to opioids is strictly controlled. Access to Healthcare delivery services remains challenging in Low-and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). In Burkina-Faso (BF), a Sub-Saharan African (SSA) country, patients requiring palliative care (PC) are especially facing poor access to pain drugs such as morphine. Facing poor access to pain-alleviating medicine can severely impact the daily quality of life (QoL). On one hand, patients are experiencing poor opioids access. On another hand opioids abuse, leading to drug addiction is noticed. The question arising here is how can they face poor access and at the same time abuse the given drug? One plausible answer is the counterfeit chain, which provides illegal drugs. Beyond the counterfeit issues faced, the public health care system is also facing, amongst others, prescription falsification, fraud in the distribution, and stock shortage. Method & Design: Mixed-Method-Design was applied to this study. National stipulations, regulations, and the state-of-the-art in the field of palliative care in BF were investigated and analyzed. Based on the investigation‘s outcomes and following the paradigm of design science research, and information system based improvement solution is proposed to tackle the poor access to opioids, improve the supply and distribution chain as well as to efficiently monitor the consumption of opioids in BF, and prevent patients from any health issues, drug addiction, and death. Objectives: The main objectives are to fight against opioid addiction, counterfeits, a stock shortage, and prevent related health safety issues. The main aim is to enable the traceability of any opioids prescription, secure the supply and distribution, and thus early detect any fraud in the system. This editorial paper would, therefore, focus on investigating the reasons underlying the poor access to opioids in palliative care in BF and make suggestions for improvement. A blockchain (BC) and the Internet of Things (IoT) based system to secure and improve opioids supply, distribution, and prescription will be proposed. Results: The contribution analysis reveals the potential of the proposed model to assist in many ways to improve access to opioids and to secure this access. The model could contribute to preventing drug abuse, overprescription, supporting off-label-use of opioids and thus providing a knowledge database for off-label use of opioids. This model shows promise to deliver accurate data and information about the exact opioid’s needs and consumption atlas. This will assist to better distribute the product in the entire country. A proof-of-concept of the proposed model is required. This is ongoing and will be presented in a forthcoming paper. Conclusion: This editorial paper investigates access to opioids in Burkina Faso. It pointed out b
{"title":"Access to Opioids in Palliative Care in Low-and Middle-Income Countries : The Case of Burkina-Faso -How Can Blockchain and Internet of Things Assist? –","authors":"T. Edoh, Martin Lankoandé","doi":"10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p430-442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p430-442","url":null,"abstract":"Background: People requesting palliative care or suffering from pain are subjected to adhere to opioid-based treatment in order to alleviate their pain. Commonly, access to opioids is strictly controlled. \u0000Access to Healthcare delivery services remains challenging in Low-and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). In Burkina-Faso (BF), a Sub-Saharan African (SSA) country, patients requiring palliative care (PC) are especially facing poor access to pain drugs such as morphine. Facing poor access to pain-alleviating medicine can severely impact the daily quality of life (QoL). On one hand, patients are experiencing poor opioids access. On another hand opioids abuse, leading to drug addiction is noticed. The question arising here is how can they face poor access and at the same time abuse the given drug? One plausible answer is the counterfeit chain, which provides illegal drugs. Beyond the counterfeit issues faced, the public health care system is also facing, amongst others, prescription falsification, fraud in the distribution, and stock shortage. \u0000Method & Design: Mixed-Method-Design was applied to this study. National stipulations, regulations, and the state-of-the-art in the field of palliative care in BF were investigated and analyzed. Based on the investigation‘s outcomes and following the paradigm of design science research, and information system based improvement solution is proposed to tackle the poor access to opioids, improve the supply and distribution chain as well as to efficiently monitor the consumption of opioids in BF, and prevent patients from any health issues, drug addiction, and death. \u0000Objectives: The main objectives are to fight against opioid addiction, counterfeits, a stock shortage, and prevent related health safety issues. The main aim is to enable the traceability of any opioids prescription, secure the supply and distribution, and thus early detect any fraud in the system. \u0000This editorial paper would, therefore, focus on investigating the reasons underlying the poor access to opioids in palliative care in BF and make suggestions for improvement. A blockchain (BC) and the Internet of Things (IoT) based system to secure and improve opioids supply, distribution, and prescription will be proposed. \u0000Results: The contribution analysis reveals the potential of the proposed model to assist in many ways to improve access to opioids and to secure this access. The model could contribute to preventing drug abuse, overprescription, supporting off-label-use of opioids and thus providing a knowledge database for off-label use of opioids. This model shows promise to deliver accurate data and information about the exact opioid’s needs and consumption atlas. This will assist to better distribute the product in the entire country. \u0000A proof-of-concept of the proposed model is required. This is ongoing and will be presented in a forthcoming paper. \u0000Conclusion: This editorial paper investigates access to opioids in Burkina Faso. It pointed out b","PeriodicalId":397681,"journal":{"name":"Medical Technologies Journal","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126211094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-20DOI: 10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p443-452
Elkolli Meriem, Elkolli Hayet
Background: Algeria has a very large vegetation biodiversity. Algerians use herbs in phytotherapy because of their easy, safe and inexpensive use. However, the consumption of these plants remains uncontrolled or regulated by the authorities, which lacks reassurances concerning their use. Objective: The purpose of this work is to confirm or refute the empirical use of the plants as well as to start adjusting the dosages for each therapeutic purpose. Methods: The present experimentation was done during the year 2017 (April-June) at the laboratory for the valorization of natural biological substances at the University of Setif 1. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of Olive and basil leaves and Licorice root aqueous extracts were evaluated against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 by the disc diffusion assay. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was realized by the estimation of the protein denaturation of the BSA and the anti-oxidative test was done by the DPPH method. All experiments were done in triplicate and results and were reported as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by GraphPad prism 5 software; the statistical analysis was done by the one way ANOVA. Results: Olive leaf extract (OLE) and Licorice root extract (LRE) were active on both E. coli (13.5, 10mm) and S. aureus (14, 12mm) at 200 mg/ml. While the Basil leaf extract (BLE) was inactive against all strains. The percentage of BSA denaturation was concentration-dependent by both BLE and LRE and the maximum inhibition was recorded by the OLE at 250 μg/ml, it was slightly different from BLE at P≤0.05, but not significantly different from LRE. The three extracts showed good values of IC50 with 0.65, 4.98 and 0.91 mg/ml OLE, LRE and BLE respectively, but they were inferior to that of BHT. Conclusion: These results confirm the use of these plants but under control.
{"title":"Are the plants used in Algerian traditional medicine effective? : Assessment of the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of three plants used in Algerian traditional medicine; Olea europaea, Glycyrrhiza glabra and Ocimum basilicum","authors":"Elkolli Meriem, Elkolli Hayet","doi":"10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p443-452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26415/2572-004x-vol3iss3p443-452","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Algeria has a very large vegetation biodiversity. Algerians use herbs in phytotherapy because of their easy, safe and inexpensive use. However, the consumption of these plants remains uncontrolled or regulated by the authorities, which lacks reassurances concerning their use. \u0000Objective: The purpose of this work is to confirm or refute the empirical use of the plants as well as to start adjusting the dosages for each therapeutic purpose. \u0000Methods: The present experimentation was done during the year 2017 (April-June) at the laboratory for the valorization of natural biological substances at the University of Setif 1. The in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of Olive and basil leaves and Licorice root aqueous extracts were evaluated against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 by the disc diffusion assay. The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was realized by the estimation of the protein denaturation of the BSA and the anti-oxidative test was done by the DPPH method. All experiments were done in triplicate and results and were reported as mean ± SD. Data were analyzed by GraphPad prism 5 software; the statistical analysis was done by the one way ANOVA. \u0000Results: Olive leaf extract (OLE) and Licorice root extract (LRE) were active on both E. coli (13.5, 10mm) and S. aureus (14, 12mm) at 200 mg/ml. While the Basil leaf extract (BLE) was inactive against all strains. The percentage of BSA denaturation was concentration-dependent by both BLE and LRE and the maximum inhibition was recorded by the OLE at 250 μg/ml, it was slightly different from BLE at P≤0.05, but not significantly different from LRE. The three extracts showed good values of IC50 with 0.65, 4.98 and 0.91 mg/ml OLE, LRE and BLE respectively, but they were inferior to that of BHT. \u0000Conclusion: These results confirm the use of these plants but under control.","PeriodicalId":397681,"journal":{"name":"Medical Technologies Journal","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117156775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-13DOI: 10.26415/2572-004X-VOL3ISS2P418-419
Abdeldjalil Khelassi, Vania V. Estrela
The International Congress on Health Sciences and Medical Technologies is a periodical congress. It held three times regrouping several researchers and organization active in technology and medical research. With the contribution of universities, research centers, companies and publishers the congress was established at Algerian cities (Tlemcen, Algiers). This report describes the congress achievement through these three past years and announces its’ new edition.
{"title":"Report on the International Congress on Health Sciences and Medical Technologies","authors":"Abdeldjalil Khelassi, Vania V. Estrela","doi":"10.26415/2572-004X-VOL3ISS2P418-419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26415/2572-004X-VOL3ISS2P418-419","url":null,"abstract":"The International Congress on Health Sciences and Medical Technologies is a periodical congress. It held three times regrouping several researchers and organization active in technology and medical research. With the contribution of universities, research centers, companies and publishers the congress was established at Algerian cities (Tlemcen, Algiers). This report describes the congress achievement through these three past years and announces its’ new edition.","PeriodicalId":397681,"journal":{"name":"Medical Technologies Journal","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116279444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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