Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.1515/9781501753107-004
{"title":"Note from Author","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501753107-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501753107-004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398125,"journal":{"name":"More Than Medals","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126515372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.7591/CORNELL/9781501753084.003.0005
Dennis J. Frost
This chapter highlights key differences between Tokyo and Nagano which explain why the 1998 Games came to be seen as a turning point and fostered the “normalization” of disability sports in Japan. It situates the Games in their larger sociohistorical context in order to understand the differences apparent in Nagano and their consequent impacts. It also reviews how the 1998 Winter Paralympics were organized and held against a backdrop of increased attention to disability-related issues. The chapter refers to Japan's deep engagement in several international disability awareness and rights programs that linked to the United Nations. It discusses the 1990s in Japan, which was marked by significant changes in national activism, policies, and approaches related to disability.
{"title":"A Turning Point","authors":"Dennis J. Frost","doi":"10.7591/CORNELL/9781501753084.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/CORNELL/9781501753084.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter highlights key differences between Tokyo and Nagano which explain why the 1998 Games came to be seen as a turning point and fostered the “normalization” of disability sports in Japan. It situates the Games in their larger sociohistorical context in order to understand the differences apparent in Nagano and their consequent impacts. It also reviews how the 1998 Winter Paralympics were organized and held against a backdrop of increased attention to disability-related issues. The chapter refers to Japan's deep engagement in several international disability awareness and rights programs that linked to the United Nations. It discusses the 1990s in Japan, which was marked by significant changes in national activism, policies, and approaches related to disability.","PeriodicalId":398125,"journal":{"name":"More Than Medals","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122917863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.7591/cornell/9781501753084.003.0002
Dennis J. Frost
This chapter recounts how Japan became the third country, and the first outside Europe, to host the Paralympic Games in 1964. It reviews official and institutional reports, and general overviews of the Tokyo Paralympics that focus almost exclusively on key organizers whose vision and effort helped overcome various obstacles to bring the Paralympics to Japan. It also considers events leading up to the Games that reveal a more complex picture involving intersecting personal local, national, and transnational actors and motivations, which culminated in intense pressure to hold the Games in Tokyo immediately following the Summer Olympics. The chapter discusses the representations of athletes participating in the 1964 Tokyo Paralympics who share several similarities with those from recent disability sports events. It provides an analysis of the materials associated with the 1964 Games that offer insights that go beyond adding a “non-Western” perspective.
{"title":"Tokyo’s Other Games","authors":"Dennis J. Frost","doi":"10.7591/cornell/9781501753084.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501753084.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter recounts how Japan became the third country, and the first outside Europe, to host the Paralympic Games in 1964. It reviews official and institutional reports, and general overviews of the Tokyo Paralympics that focus almost exclusively on key organizers whose vision and effort helped overcome various obstacles to bring the Paralympics to Japan. It also considers events leading up to the Games that reveal a more complex picture involving intersecting personal local, national, and transnational actors and motivations, which culminated in intense pressure to hold the Games in Tokyo immediately following the Summer Olympics. The chapter discusses the representations of athletes participating in the 1964 Tokyo Paralympics who share several similarities with those from recent disability sports events. It provides an analysis of the materials associated with the 1964 Games that offer insights that go beyond adding a “non-Western” perspective.","PeriodicalId":398125,"journal":{"name":"More Than Medals","volume":"4 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131747308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.1515/9781501753107-003
{"title":"Abbreviations","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501753107-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501753107-003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398125,"journal":{"name":"More Than Medals","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116723834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.1515/9781501753107-002
{"title":"Acknowledgments","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501753107-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501753107-002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398125,"journal":{"name":"More Than Medals","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130409879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.1515/9781501753107-005
{"title":"Introduction The Paralympic Movement in Japan: An Imperfect Success Story","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501753107-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501753107-005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398125,"journal":{"name":"More Than Medals","volume":"200 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134440331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.1515/9781501753107-008
{"title":"Chapter 3 Japan’s “Cradle of Disability Sports” Ōita and the International Wheelchair Marathon, 1981","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501753107-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501753107-008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398125,"journal":{"name":"More Than Medals","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114685868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.1515/9781501753107-006
{"title":"Chapter 1 Tokyo’s Other Games The Origins and Impact of the 1964 Paralympics","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501753107-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501753107-006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398125,"journal":{"name":"More Than Medals","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134538291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.1515/9781501753107-007
{"title":"Chapter 2 Lost Games The Far East and South Pacific (FESPIC) Games for the Disabled, 1975–2006","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501753107-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501753107-007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398125,"journal":{"name":"More Than Medals","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123584544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-15DOI: 10.1515/9781501753107-010
{"title":"Chapter 5 Athletes First Preparing for the 2020 Tokyo Summer Paralympic Games","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/9781501753107-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501753107-010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":398125,"journal":{"name":"More Than Medals","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129360428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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