Pub Date : 1991-04-28DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.1991.153085
L.J. Bohmann, J. McDaniel, E. Stanek
Since 1987 the Upper Peninsula Power Company (UPPCO) has been experiencing a large number of lightning arrester failures, on a portion of their distribution system in southern Marquette County, Michigan. It was in the area of the US Navy's Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) antenna where the distribution system had been recently reconfigured so that the transformers were connected line-to-line in order to eliminate interference from the antenna. A study was done which determined that the system was susceptible to ferroresonance during single line faults under highly loaded conditions and that the overvoltages experienced could be causing the lightning arrester failures. This conclusion was further strengthened by a statistical study which compared the actual number of failures to an expected number of failures given the system's loading condition and fault rate.<>
{"title":"Lightning arrester failures and ferroresonance on a distribution system","authors":"L.J. Bohmann, J. McDaniel, E. Stanek","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.1991.153085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.1991.153085","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1987 the Upper Peninsula Power Company (UPPCO) has been experiencing a large number of lightning arrester failures, on a portion of their distribution system in southern Marquette County, Michigan. It was in the area of the US Navy's Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) antenna where the distribution system had been recently reconfigured so that the transformers were connected line-to-line in order to eliminate interference from the antenna. A study was done which determined that the system was susceptible to ferroresonance during single line faults under highly loaded conditions and that the overvoltages experienced could be causing the lightning arrester failures. This conclusion was further strengthened by a statistical study which compared the actual number of failures to an expected number of failures given the system's loading condition and fault rate.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":398621,"journal":{"name":"[Proceedings] 1991 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers presented at the 35th Annual Conference","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125268689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-04-28DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.1991.153093
James K. Phipps, J. Nelson, P. Sen
With the increase of nonlinear loads on utility distribution systems, the voltage and current waveforms are becoming more distorted and the power quality is deteriorating. Since this is becoming a widespread problem today, and new, more strict, distortion guidelines are under development, utility engineers are having to deal with analyzing and planning for the control of the distortion. The authors introduce some common harmonic analysis techniques and apply them to voltage waveforms recorded on a typical REA transmission and distribution system.<>
{"title":"Power quality and harmonic distortion on distribution systems","authors":"James K. Phipps, J. Nelson, P. Sen","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.1991.153093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.1991.153093","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase of nonlinear loads on utility distribution systems, the voltage and current waveforms are becoming more distorted and the power quality is deteriorating. Since this is becoming a widespread problem today, and new, more strict, distortion guidelines are under development, utility engineers are having to deal with analyzing and planning for the control of the distortion. The authors introduce some common harmonic analysis techniques and apply them to voltage waveforms recorded on a typical REA transmission and distribution system.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":398621,"journal":{"name":"[Proceedings] 1991 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers presented at the 35th Annual Conference","volume":"212 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114150620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-04-28DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.1991.153094
M. Norman
The purpose of these guidelines is to demonstrate actual approaches to the inspection of distribution construction. Three separate papers, which cover the basics of pole installations, overhead, and underground line construction, are presented as guidelines only. They are not intended to be complete checklists, but rather to set forth systematic approaches used by individual engineers.<>
{"title":"Construction inspection guidelines, specific field procedures","authors":"M. Norman","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.1991.153094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.1991.153094","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of these guidelines is to demonstrate actual approaches to the inspection of distribution construction. Three separate papers, which cover the basics of pole installations, overhead, and underground line construction, are presented as guidelines only. They are not intended to be complete checklists, but rather to set forth systematic approaches used by individual engineers.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":398621,"journal":{"name":"[Proceedings] 1991 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers presented at the 35th Annual Conference","volume":"172 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115879477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-04-28DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.1991.153082
M. Chan
The author examines how the current developments of distribution automation (DA) and demand-side management (DSM) are related. The forces that drive the development are highlighted. Then a description is given of the current status and trend for DA, indicating how some of the DA functions are related to DSM. The author shows how the use of computer and communications technologies facilitates the integration of DA and DSM, and illustrates this integration by some utility examples. The major conclusion is that DA and, DSM should be jointly considered in utility strategic planning.<>
{"title":"Interrelation of distribution automation and demand-side management","authors":"M. Chan","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.1991.153082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.1991.153082","url":null,"abstract":"The author examines how the current developments of distribution automation (DA) and demand-side management (DSM) are related. The forces that drive the development are highlighted. Then a description is given of the current status and trend for DA, indicating how some of the DA functions are related to DSM. The author shows how the use of computer and communications technologies facilitates the integration of DA and DSM, and illustrates this integration by some utility examples. The major conclusion is that DA and, DSM should be jointly considered in utility strategic planning.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":398621,"journal":{"name":"[Proceedings] 1991 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers presented at the 35th Annual Conference","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131701910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-04-28DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.1991.153084
D. Myers
A description is presented of resource recovery, a PCB transformer destruction process. Not only does the process destroy all PCBs, but it also yields recyclable metals. An askarel transformer (or one with level of PCB contamination) arrives at the facility, where it is drained (if the unit arrives full) and off-loaded. The internals of the transformer are then solvent washed to remove gross amounts of PCBs. After the component parts are disassembled (i.e. core, coils, tank), they are solvent cleaned to <10 mu g PCB/100 cm/sup 2/. The solvent is distilled to <2 p.p.m. for reuse. The wood, paper, and still bottoms are sent out for incineration. The aluminum is smelted, the steel is prepared at the facility and shipped directly to a smelter, thus bypassing scrap yards and their inherent PCB problems, and the copper is prepared and sold on the commodities market. The PCB transformer owner receives a Certificate of Destruction certifying that all the owner's PCBs have been destroyed.<>
{"title":"Total destruction of PCB transformers","authors":"D. Myers","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.1991.153084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.1991.153084","url":null,"abstract":"A description is presented of resource recovery, a PCB transformer destruction process. Not only does the process destroy all PCBs, but it also yields recyclable metals. An askarel transformer (or one with level of PCB contamination) arrives at the facility, where it is drained (if the unit arrives full) and off-loaded. The internals of the transformer are then solvent washed to remove gross amounts of PCBs. After the component parts are disassembled (i.e. core, coils, tank), they are solvent cleaned to <10 mu g PCB/100 cm/sup 2/. The solvent is distilled to <2 p.p.m. for reuse. The wood, paper, and still bottoms are sent out for incineration. The aluminum is smelted, the steel is prepared at the facility and shipped directly to a smelter, thus bypassing scrap yards and their inherent PCB problems, and the copper is prepared and sold on the commodities market. The PCB transformer owner receives a Certificate of Destruction certifying that all the owner's PCBs have been destroyed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":398621,"journal":{"name":"[Proceedings] 1991 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers presented at the 35th Annual Conference","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115289931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-04-28DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.1991.153090
A. Naslé
Some of the general techniques and calculating methods used in some of the EDSA programs are presented. The program discussed is protective device coordination. The protective device coordination program may be used to select devices which achieve a selective and sensitive protection system. The program searches a database of devices of various major manufacturers and, in turn, generates an optimum choice of devices.<>
{"title":"A network intelligent protective device coordination program for transmission and distribution-systems relays, fuses, magnetic and solid-state circuit breakers, MCPs, etc","authors":"A. Naslé","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.1991.153090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.1991.153090","url":null,"abstract":"Some of the general techniques and calculating methods used in some of the EDSA programs are presented. The program discussed is protective device coordination. The protective device coordination program may be used to select devices which achieve a selective and sensitive protection system. The program searches a database of devices of various major manufacturers and, in turn, generates an optimum choice of devices.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":398621,"journal":{"name":"[Proceedings] 1991 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers presented at the 35th Annual Conference","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125600587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-04-28DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.1991.153088
D. F. Bullock
The operation of a new algorithm for computing kVAh from kWh and kVArh pulse inputs is described. The algorithm works in close to real time within the meter register to enable display of kVA demand and power factor together with the usual kWh and TOU functions. The algorithm has been tested with pulse input trains representing randomly varying power factors for random periods of time and found to be accurate to within a few tenths of a percent.<>
{"title":"An algorithm for calculating KVAh","authors":"D. F. Bullock","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.1991.153088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.1991.153088","url":null,"abstract":"The operation of a new algorithm for computing kVAh from kWh and kVArh pulse inputs is described. The algorithm works in close to real time within the meter register to enable display of kVA demand and power factor together with the usual kWh and TOU functions. The algorithm has been tested with pulse input trains representing randomly varying power factors for random periods of time and found to be accurate to within a few tenths of a percent.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":398621,"journal":{"name":"[Proceedings] 1991 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers presented at the 35th Annual Conference","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132662805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-04-28DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.1991.153083
D. Horňák
Opportunities to improve the quality of service to electric system customers by introducing advanced control relays for switched capacitor banks are discussed. The major emphasis is on substation applications, although distribution system applications are also discussed. The developmental background, measurement techniques, control features, and several specific applications of the control relay are described. The control relay responds to the actual measured power factor with voltage override and load current-following capability, which allows it to respond differently during light and heavy load conditions. The control has optional time-of-day and day-of-week voltage biasing capability. Use of additional control inputs such as a temperature override function to allow the switching of capacitor banks in anticipation of weather related load is also described.<>
{"title":"Quality of service improvement opportunities with advanced capacitor controls","authors":"D. Horňák","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.1991.153083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.1991.153083","url":null,"abstract":"Opportunities to improve the quality of service to electric system customers by introducing advanced control relays for switched capacitor banks are discussed. The major emphasis is on substation applications, although distribution system applications are also discussed. The developmental background, measurement techniques, control features, and several specific applications of the control relay are described. The control relay responds to the actual measured power factor with voltage override and load current-following capability, which allows it to respond differently during light and heavy load conditions. The control has optional time-of-day and day-of-week voltage biasing capability. Use of additional control inputs such as a temperature override function to allow the switching of capacitor banks in anticipation of weather related load is also described.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":398621,"journal":{"name":"[Proceedings] 1991 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers presented at the 35th Annual Conference","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124009250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-04-28DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.1991.153095
K. D. Pham
A brief review is presented of induction generator theory and a discussion is presented of required reactive power for excitation, overvoltage, harmonics and fault contribution associated with the induction generator. Coverage is also provided of the following studies required for interconnection of the induction generators with the public electric utility: load flow, short circuit, stability, protective relaying requirements and protective device coordination studies. It is shown that the induction generator does not require a separate DC excitation system and synchronizing is not required. Because of its simple rugged construction, the induction generator is inherently a low maintenance machine compared to the synchronous machine and has higher expected reliability.<>
{"title":"Cogeneration application: interconnection of induction generators with public electric utility","authors":"K. D. Pham","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.1991.153095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.1991.153095","url":null,"abstract":"A brief review is presented of induction generator theory and a discussion is presented of required reactive power for excitation, overvoltage, harmonics and fault contribution associated with the induction generator. Coverage is also provided of the following studies required for interconnection of the induction generators with the public electric utility: load flow, short circuit, stability, protective relaying requirements and protective device coordination studies. It is shown that the induction generator does not require a separate DC excitation system and synchronizing is not required. Because of its simple rugged construction, the induction generator is inherently a low maintenance machine compared to the synchronous machine and has higher expected reliability.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":398621,"journal":{"name":"[Proceedings] 1991 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers presented at the 35th Annual Conference","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133031575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1991-04-28DOI: 10.1109/REPCON.1991.153089
F. Marciano-Agostinelli, P. Cinquemani, F. Kuchta
State-of-the-art medium voltage longitudinally water resistant cable designs are now under production. Extensive evaluation is in progress in the evaluation of water swellable agents, tapes, and polymeric materials, including combinations thereof and a variety of metallic shields. Research includes the longitudinal water penetration resistance of full cable cross sections as a function of water penetration versus time as subjected to a variety of magnitudes of water pressure. This work reviews the design of medium voltage longitudinal water blocked cables and the most typical test results.<>
{"title":"State of the art medium voltage longitudinal water blocked cables","authors":"F. Marciano-Agostinelli, P. Cinquemani, F. Kuchta","doi":"10.1109/REPCON.1991.153089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/REPCON.1991.153089","url":null,"abstract":"State-of-the-art medium voltage longitudinally water resistant cable designs are now under production. Extensive evaluation is in progress in the evaluation of water swellable agents, tapes, and polymeric materials, including combinations thereof and a variety of metallic shields. Research includes the longitudinal water penetration resistance of full cable cross sections as a function of water penetration versus time as subjected to a variety of magnitudes of water pressure. This work reviews the design of medium voltage longitudinal water blocked cables and the most typical test results.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":398621,"journal":{"name":"[Proceedings] 1991 Rural Electric Power Conference. Papers presented at the 35th Annual Conference","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130793812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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