Clinical Diabetes最新文献

This randomized clinical trial compared the effects of Ganoderma lucidum and kombucha mushrooms on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. After the intervention, there were significant differences among the G. lucidum, kombucha mushroom, and control groups in fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial glucose, and A1C. In the G. lucidum and kombucha mushroom groups, these measures all decreased significantly from baseline to after the intervention. The use of both G. lucidum and kombucha mushrooms was effective in glycemic control, and there was no significant difference in effectiveness between the two. Further studies of different doses and longer follow-up periods may clarify the best use of these substances.

The use of gabapentin, a first-line drug for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), is limited by its side effects, leading to more frequent use of vitamin B as an alternative. This randomized controlled trial of 237 patients with diabetes and at least probable DPN assessed pain outcomes using the Revised Thai Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, Visual Analog Scale, Present Pain Intensity, and monofilament risk score at baseline and 4 and 12 weeks. Gabapentin showed superior improvement across all measures compared with vitamin B1-6-12 and B12, supporting its role as first-line therapy. However, vitamin B1-6-12 remains a cost-effective alternative with lower side effect, warranting further economic evaluation.

Medication adherence is a barrier to achieving glycemic goals among Medicaid recipients with diabetes. The Diabetes Quality Improvement Program Collaborative recruited 19 primary care practices serving a high volume of Medicaid patients in Ohio with the goal of reducing the percentage of adults with type 2 diabetes with A1C >9.0% through a 1-year intervention. The mean medication possession ratio (MPR) improved from 71.6% during the pre-intervention period to 74.1% at year 1 post-intervention-a relative improvement of 3.4%. Factors associated with a lower MPR included younger age, identifying as non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic, and a pre-intervention A1C >9.0%. Although the initiative modestly improved medication adherence, addressing persistent disparities and expanding prescribing of therapies with cardiorenal benefits will be necessary to improve diabetes outcomes in the Medicaid population.

This article reports on the feasibility and effectiveness of a 12-week program, including a low-calorie diet using a diabetes-specific nutritional formula meal replacement, a digitally enabled self-management app, and coaching, on measurable outcomes of weight, BMI, A1C levels, and blood pressure in adults with type 2 diabetes and excess body weight. Participation in the program reduced body weight by a mean 11 ± 6.5 kg, BMI by 3.7 ± 2.2 kg/m², A1C by 1%, systolic blood pressure by 4.5 ± 16.1 mmHg, and diastolic blood pressure by 5.8 ± 16.9 mmHg (all P <0.01).

Prior to the 1940s, type 2 diabetes was considered a rare disease in American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) individuals. However, because of multiple complex factors, it rapidly progressed and became endemic within a matter of decades. Despite community-led interventions to prevent diabetes onset and progression, AI/AN individuals are disproportionately affected by diabetes and remain grossly underrepresented in diabetes treatment research. To provide equitable health care for AI/ANs with diabetes, clinicians should develop an understanding of important socioeconomic and environmental factors that influence health outcomes.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2337/cd25-pint.].