Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.31300/ctppr.22.2021.17-45
T. Munegumi
{"title":"Estimation of hydrophobicity of segments in Amyloid β42\u0000partly comprising D-amino acids","authors":"T. Munegumi","doi":"10.31300/ctppr.22.2021.17-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31300/ctppr.22.2021.17-45","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39897,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Peptide and Protein Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45955253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-30DOI: 10.31300/ctppr.22.2021.77-83
T. Kolyganova, V. Arzumanian, E. Budanova, Oxana A. Svitich, N. Vartanova, V. Zverev
{"title":"Activity of breast milk antimicrobial peptides in experiments in vitro","authors":"T. Kolyganova, V. Arzumanian, E. Budanova, Oxana A. Svitich, N. Vartanova, V. Zverev","doi":"10.31300/ctppr.22.2021.77-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31300/ctppr.22.2021.77-83","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39897,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Peptide and Protein Research","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77357716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-04DOI: 10.31300/ctppr.20.2019.35-40
V. Arzumanian, T. Erofeeva, P. Zhigalkina, O. Svitich
It is known that human biological fluids contain antimicrobial protective factors that include antimicrobial peptides (AMP). Concentrations of AMP vary in different biofluids and tissues. The aim of the present study is to estimate the total antimicrobial activity of different human biofluids in comparison with the activity of their AMP fractions as markers of local immunity. The antimicrobial activities of serum (SE), vaginal fluid (VF), saliva (SA), water-soluble part of skin secretion (SS) and urine (UR) of 6 healthy women, 22-25 years old, were measured by the spectrophotometric method based on the ability of the above-mentioned biofluids to disrupt the cytoplasmic membrane of Candida albicans [Patent RF No 2602298]. The results were evaluated as the percent of dye penetrated into dead cells of treated yeast cell suspensions compared to the control ones. The medians of total and AMP activities are SE – 86.6% and 33.7%; VF – 24.8% and 21.9%; SA – 18.3% and 10.9%; SS – 12.8% and 2.8%; UR – 10.0% and 0.0%, respectively. The highest level of immune defense occurs in SA whereas the lowest in UR. The antimicrobial activity of AMP in VF is maximal compared to the other biofluids. Levels of total and AMP activities of SA, SS and UR have high positive correlation between each other (Pirson’s correlation coefficients r ≥ 0,700), while none of them correlated with the activities of VF (r ≤ 0,300). Using the most appropriate method of antimicrobial activity estimation the differences between biofluids of healthy human tissues of different localization are demonstrated for the first time.
{"title":"Antimicrobial activities of human biofluids and their antimicrobial peptide fractions against Candida albicans","authors":"V. Arzumanian, T. Erofeeva, P. Zhigalkina, O. Svitich","doi":"10.31300/ctppr.20.2019.35-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31300/ctppr.20.2019.35-40","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that human biological fluids contain antimicrobial protective factors that include antimicrobial peptides (AMP). Concentrations of AMP vary in different biofluids and tissues. The aim of the present study is to estimate the total antimicrobial activity of different human biofluids in comparison with the activity of their AMP fractions as markers of local immunity. The antimicrobial activities of serum (SE), vaginal fluid (VF), saliva (SA), water-soluble part of skin secretion (SS) and urine (UR) of 6 healthy women, 22-25 years old, were measured by the spectrophotometric method based on the ability of the above-mentioned biofluids to disrupt the cytoplasmic membrane of Candida albicans [Patent RF No 2602298]. The results were evaluated as the percent of dye penetrated into dead cells of treated yeast cell suspensions compared to the control ones. The medians of total and AMP activities are SE – 86.6% and 33.7%; VF – 24.8% and 21.9%; SA – 18.3% and 10.9%; SS – 12.8% and 2.8%; UR – 10.0% and 0.0%, respectively. The highest level of immune defense occurs in SA whereas the lowest in UR. The antimicrobial activity of AMP in VF is maximal compared to the other biofluids. Levels of total and AMP activities of SA, SS and UR have high positive correlation between each other (Pirson’s correlation coefficients r ≥ 0,700), while none of them correlated with the activities of VF (r ≤ 0,300). Using the most appropriate method of antimicrobial activity estimation the differences between biofluids of healthy human tissues of different localization are demonstrated for the first time.","PeriodicalId":39897,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Peptide and Protein Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44235001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-04DOI: 10.31300/ctppr.20.2019.25-33
S. Alsagaby
{"title":"Understanding the fundamentals of proteomics","authors":"S. Alsagaby","doi":"10.31300/ctppr.20.2019.25-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31300/ctppr.20.2019.25-33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39897,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Peptide and Protein Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46039075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-04DOI: 10.31300/ctppr.20.2019.9-15
V. Arzumanian, T. Erofeeva, P. Zhigalkina, Asiya Ixanova, O. Svitich
Every human bioliquid contains substances possessing direct antimicrobial activity. These substances include complement system proteins of serum, immunoglobulins of serum and epithelial secretions, and antimicrobial peptides/proteins (AMP) with low molecular masses, which are present at all sites and liquids of human body. The aim of this study is to estimate the AMP fraction activity of serum and saliva towards different clinically important yeasts. Specimens of serum and saliva were obtained from 10 healthy volunteers 5 women and 5 men, 20-26 years old. Strains of yeasts Candida albicans, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Malassezia furfur, Cryptococcus neoformans, Geotrichum candidum, Trichosporon cutaneum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used in the experiments. Native (total) liquids and their AMP fractions obtained by filtration through a membrane of 100 kDa were used in the process of antimicrobial activity estimation carried out by the spectrophotometric method. The AMP activities were 2.3-13.5 fold lower than the corresponding total ones, the yeasts most susceptible to serum AMP were C. albicans and Cr. neoformans. Total salivary antifungal activities were 3.6-5.2 fold lower than the corresponding total serum activities. Total activity of saliva was significantly higher towards R. mucilaginosa, while that of the other ones were almost the same. AMP activities of saliva were 1.1-3.8 fold lower than the total ones. R. mucilaginosa and T. cutaneum were the most sensitive to AMP fraction of saliva. Gender difference with regard to the activity of the studied bioliquids was also observed: the most significant ratio was obtained for the sensitivity of C. albicans to women/men salivary AMP. Based on the above data one can conclude that among the studied yeast genera/species show specificity to AMP. It is expressed in terms of the varying sensitivity of the yeasts to the AMP fraction in serum and saliva.
{"title":"Activity of antimicrobial peptide fractions of human serum and saliva against clinically important yeasts","authors":"V. Arzumanian, T. Erofeeva, P. Zhigalkina, Asiya Ixanova, O. Svitich","doi":"10.31300/ctppr.20.2019.9-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31300/ctppr.20.2019.9-15","url":null,"abstract":"Every human bioliquid contains substances possessing direct antimicrobial activity. These substances include complement system proteins of serum, immunoglobulins of serum and epithelial secretions, and antimicrobial peptides/proteins (AMP) with low molecular masses, which are present at all sites and liquids of human body. The aim of this study is to estimate the AMP fraction activity of serum and saliva towards different clinically important yeasts. Specimens of serum and saliva were obtained from 10 healthy volunteers 5 women and 5 men, 20-26 years old. Strains of yeasts Candida albicans, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Malassezia furfur, Cryptococcus neoformans, Geotrichum candidum, Trichosporon cutaneum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were used in the experiments. Native (total) liquids and their AMP fractions obtained by filtration through a membrane of 100 kDa were used in the process of antimicrobial activity estimation carried out by the spectrophotometric method. The AMP activities were 2.3-13.5 fold lower than the corresponding total ones, the yeasts most susceptible to serum AMP were C. albicans and Cr. neoformans. Total salivary antifungal activities were 3.6-5.2 fold lower than the corresponding total serum activities. Total activity of saliva was significantly higher towards R. mucilaginosa, while that of the other ones were almost the same. AMP activities of saliva were 1.1-3.8 fold lower than the total ones. R. mucilaginosa and T. cutaneum were the most sensitive to AMP fraction of saliva. Gender difference with regard to the activity of the studied bioliquids was also observed: the most significant ratio was obtained for the sensitivity of C. albicans to women/men salivary AMP. Based on the above data one can conclude that among the studied yeast genera/species show specificity to AMP. It is expressed in terms of the varying sensitivity of the yeasts to the AMP fraction in serum and saliva.","PeriodicalId":39897,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Peptide and Protein Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42025973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection remains to be one of the major global health problems. It is thus necessary to identify novel therapeutic molecules to combat HIV-1. Natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been recognized as promising templates for developing topical microbicides. This review systematically discusses over 80 anti-HIV peptides annotated in the antimicrobial peptide database (http://aps.unmc.edu/AP). Such peptides have been discovered from bacteria, plants, and animals. Examples include gramicidin and bacteriocins from bacteria, cyclotides from plants, melittins and cecropins from insects, piscidins from fish, ascaphins, caerins, dermaseptins, esculentins, and maximins from amphibians, and cathelicidins and defensins from vertebrates. These peptides appear to work by different mechanisms and could block viral entry in multiple ways. As additional advantages, such anti-HIV peptides may possess other desired features such as antibacterial, antiparasital, spermicidal, and anticancer activity. With continued optimization of peptide stability, production, formulation and delivery methods, it is anticipated that some of these compounds may eventually become new anti-HIV drugs.
{"title":"Natural antimicrobial peptides as promising anti-HIV candidates.","authors":"Guangshun Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection remains to be one of the major global health problems. It is thus necessary to identify novel therapeutic molecules to combat HIV-1. Natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been recognized as promising templates for developing topical microbicides. This review systematically discusses over 80 anti-HIV peptides annotated in the antimicrobial peptide database (http://aps.unmc.edu/AP). Such peptides have been discovered from bacteria, plants, and animals. Examples include gramicidin and bacteriocins from bacteria, cyclotides from plants, melittins and cecropins from insects, piscidins from fish, ascaphins, caerins, dermaseptins, esculentins, and maximins from amphibians, and cathelicidins and defensins from vertebrates. These peptides appear to work by different mechanisms and could block viral entry in multiple ways. As additional advantages, such anti-HIV peptides may possess other desired features such as antibacterial, antiparasital, spermicidal, and anticancer activity. With continued optimization of peptide stability, production, formulation and delivery methods, it is anticipated that some of these compounds may eventually become new anti-HIV drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":39897,"journal":{"name":"Current Topics in Peptide and Protein Research","volume":"13 ","pages":"93-110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4730921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72211221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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