Seed propagation technologies are becoming increasingly popular among vegetable producers in developing countries due to their ability to provide benefits by lowering production costs. We assessed the costs and benefits of seed propagation technology adoption for tomato and sweet pepper production using a partial budget approach for seedling trays or field nursery technologies in the districts of Arumeru and Mvomero in Tanzania. We applied Net Present Value, Cost–Benefit Ratio (CBR) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) to choose the best seed propagation technology that can be adopted by farmers and especially those producing vegetable seedlings as their core business and for commercial purposes. We collected the data using a household survey questionnaire, interviews, and focus group discussions. The results show that switching from field nurseries to seedling trays is economically beneficial by increasing the rate of return value to 3.02, which is greater than one, implying a rate of return of 302 %, which is greater than the costs of new investments. Overall, we can conclude that farmers were less likely to grow vegetable seedlings in seedling trays due to the fact that seedling tray technology was considerably more expensive than field nursery technology. As a result, we recommend that policymakers at all levels of local and central governments promote extension agent training in this technology to promote seedling tray propagation among vegetable farmers and make the technology affordable to farmers in order to increase agricultural productivity, income, and well-being.
{"title":"Costs and benefits associated with the adoption of tomato and sweet pepper nursery seed propagation technologies in Arumeru and Mvomero districts in Tanzania","authors":"S. Nombo, P. L. Saruni, J. Makindara","doi":"10.46653/jhst2361007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46653/jhst2361007","url":null,"abstract":"Seed propagation technologies are becoming increasingly popular among vegetable producers in developing countries due to their ability to provide benefits by lowering production costs. We assessed the costs and benefits of seed propagation technology adoption for tomato and sweet pepper production using a partial budget approach for seedling trays or field nursery technologies in the districts of Arumeru and Mvomero in Tanzania. We applied Net Present Value, Cost–Benefit Ratio (CBR) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) to choose the best seed propagation technology that can be adopted by farmers and especially those producing vegetable seedlings as their core business and for commercial purposes. We collected the data using a household survey questionnaire, interviews, and focus group discussions. The results show that switching from field nurseries to seedling trays is economically beneficial by increasing the rate of return value to 3.02, which is greater than one, implying a rate of return of 302 %, which is greater than the costs of new investments. Overall, we can conclude that farmers were less likely to grow vegetable seedlings in seedling trays due to the fact that seedling tray technology was considerably more expensive than field nursery technology. As a result, we recommend that policymakers at all levels of local and central governments promote extension agent training in this technology to promote seedling tray propagation among vegetable farmers and make the technology affordable to farmers in order to increase agricultural productivity, income, and well-being.","PeriodicalId":399348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130923373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Jamali, T. F. Miano, Mohsin Ali Buledi, Baber Ali Lashari
Global warming and change in climate triggers to combat the feeding need of the population, seed represent the basic requirement for a quality plant material. The present research was carried out in 2021 at Horticulture Garden Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam to assess the effect of different nutrients application on seed germination of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) The present study was conducted to evaluate effect of different nutrients application on seed germination of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) Therefore, the seeds of marigold were emersed in 1% solution of ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4), boric acid (H3BO3), and potassium nitrate (KNO3) to get the accuracy of seed germination. Results revealed that maximum seed germination percentage (85.27%), germination rate of index (83.84), coefficient of velocity germination (2.96), mean germination time (12.73), mean germination rate (44.45), germination index (1.55), final germination percentage (1.23%), first day of germination percentage (74.61), last day of germination (13.23) and time spread germination (14.40) was observed when 1% potassium nitrate was applied and followed by boric acid {seed germination percentage (59.20%), germination rate of index (54.93), coefficient of velocity germination (24.13), mean germination time (8.84), mean germination rate (36.20), germination index (1.04), final germination percentage (3.10), first day of germination percentage (74.36), last day of germination (15.16) and time spread germination (11.90)} while the minimum results were recorded in control with mineral water seed germination percentage (18.28%), germination rate of index (3.26), coefficient of velocity germination (0.73), mean germination time (2.70), mean germination rate (11.00), germination index (0.32), final germination percentage (10.43), first day of germination percentage (37.35), last day of germination (15.06) and time spread germination (4.83) and Pearson correlation (r) exhibited a strong positive correlation observed in MGR with CVG=0.4482, FDP=0.3696, G=0.4554, GI=0.4551, GP=0.4499 and GRI=0.3766-). This study showed that seed is directly related with germination and germination-related traits. It has a great positive impact on crop yield.
{"title":"Effect of different nutrient applications on seed germination of African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.)","authors":"A. Jamali, T. F. Miano, Mohsin Ali Buledi, Baber Ali Lashari","doi":"10.46653/jhst2361001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46653/jhst2361001","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming and change in climate triggers to combat the feeding need of the population, seed represent the basic requirement for a quality plant material. The present research was carried out in 2021 at Horticulture Garden Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam to assess the effect of different nutrients application on seed germination of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) The present study was conducted to evaluate effect of different nutrients application on seed germination of marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) Therefore, the seeds of marigold were emersed in 1% solution of ammonium sulphate ((NH4)2SO4), boric acid (H3BO3), and potassium nitrate (KNO3) to get the accuracy of seed germination. Results revealed that maximum seed germination percentage (85.27%), germination rate of index (83.84), coefficient of velocity germination (2.96), mean germination time (12.73), mean germination rate (44.45), germination index (1.55), final germination percentage (1.23%), first day of germination percentage (74.61), last day of germination (13.23) and time spread germination (14.40) was observed when 1% potassium nitrate was applied and followed by boric acid {seed germination percentage (59.20%), germination rate of index (54.93), coefficient of velocity germination (24.13), mean germination time (8.84), mean germination rate (36.20), germination index (1.04), final germination percentage (3.10), first day of germination percentage (74.36), last day of germination (15.16) and time spread germination (11.90)} while the minimum results were recorded in control with mineral water seed germination percentage (18.28%), germination rate of index (3.26), coefficient of velocity germination (0.73), mean germination time (2.70), mean germination rate (11.00), germination index (0.32), final germination percentage (10.43), first day of germination percentage (37.35), last day of germination (15.06) and time spread germination (4.83) and Pearson correlation (r) exhibited a strong positive correlation observed in MGR with CVG=0.4482, FDP=0.3696, G=0.4554, GI=0.4551, GP=0.4499 and GRI=0.3766-). This study showed that seed is directly related with germination and germination-related traits. It has a great positive impact on crop yield.","PeriodicalId":399348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131006224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jamun [Syzygium cumini (L.)] is a tropical evergreen tree and its scrumptious fruit is consumed as fresh and processed. It is famous for its delicious taste and aroma, use for medicinal purposes. It is a rich source of antioxidants, vitamins, phenolic contents, minerals, and edible oils that are helpful for consumers’ health. There is negligible information about cultivars due to the lack of genetic analysis of available clones. The tree can withstand water scarcity, the fruit is highly perishable with a limited shelf life of 3 days under ambient conditions and its marketing is confined to the local markets. Cold storage has been used to enhance its marketing window after pre-treatments by anti-ripening chemicals, edible coating, and non-chemical processing. In addition, modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) has also been found effective to increase its shelf life by 30 days. Nevertheless, limited research has been conducted to increase its postharvest life. This review includes preharvest factors affecting postharvest physiology, biochemical changes during fruit ripening, harvest maturity and postharvest techniques to extend shelf life and postharvest storability. This article provides the way forward for further R&D work concerning shelf-life extension and strengthens the Jamun industry with sustainable solutions for better returns to stakeholders.
{"title":"Jamun (Syzygium cumini): An underutilized potential fruit crop in Asia","authors":"H. Shah, M. Hasan, Abdul Waheed","doi":"10.46653/jhst2143109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46653/jhst2143109","url":null,"abstract":"Jamun [Syzygium cumini (L.)] is a tropical evergreen tree and its scrumptious fruit is consumed as fresh and processed. It is famous for its delicious taste and aroma, use for medicinal purposes. It is a rich source of antioxidants, vitamins, phenolic contents, minerals, and edible oils that are helpful for consumers’ health. There is negligible information about cultivars due to the lack of genetic analysis of available clones. The tree can withstand water scarcity, the fruit is highly perishable with a limited shelf life of 3 days under ambient conditions and its marketing is confined to the local markets. Cold storage has been used to enhance its marketing window after pre-treatments by anti-ripening chemicals, edible coating, and non-chemical processing. In addition, modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) has also been found effective to increase its shelf life by 30 days. Nevertheless, limited research has been conducted to increase its postharvest life. This review includes preharvest factors affecting postharvest physiology, biochemical changes during fruit ripening, harvest maturity and postharvest techniques to extend shelf life and postharvest storability. This article provides the way forward for further R&D work concerning shelf-life extension and strengthens the Jamun industry with sustainable solutions for better returns to stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":399348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126022618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.46653/10.46653/jhst2143096
Muhammad Bilal Shaukat, Zarsha Afzal, Y. Majeed, H. Munir, Iqra Kanwal, Amina Kousar
Curcuma longa L. is known as spice crop and have important medicinal properties due to presence of bioactive compounds. This study was carried out to determine the effect of mother and finger rhizomes size on growth and yield of turmeric. Rhizomes with three different sizes were used viz., T1: mother rhizome 15-25 g, T2: mother rhizome 25-35 g, T3: mother rhizome 35-45 g, T4: finger rhizome <10 g, T5: finger rhizome 15-25 g and T6: finger rhizome 25-35 g. This experiment was arranged according to randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that treatment T3 (mother rhizome 34-45 g) produced maximum plant height (82.57 cm), stem diameter (17.39 mm), number of tillers (10.31), number of leaves (16.04), leaf area (73.21 cm²), total number of rhizomes (28.01), number of primary rhizome (11.70), number of secondary rhizome (21.45), yield per plant (345.06 g/plant), rhizome length (25.93 mm), rhizome diameter (22.53 mm), and 8.11% curcumin content while the seedling emergence percentage was non-significant for all the treatments.
{"title":"Effect of different rhizome types and sizes on growth and yield of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.)","authors":"Muhammad Bilal Shaukat, Zarsha Afzal, Y. Majeed, H. Munir, Iqra Kanwal, Amina Kousar","doi":"10.46653/10.46653/jhst2143096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46653/10.46653/jhst2143096","url":null,"abstract":"Curcuma longa L. is known as spice crop and have important medicinal properties due to presence of bioactive compounds. This study was carried out to determine the effect of mother and finger rhizomes size on growth and yield of turmeric. Rhizomes with three different sizes were used viz., T1: mother rhizome 15-25 g, T2: mother rhizome 25-35 g, T3: mother rhizome 35-45 g, T4: finger rhizome <10 g, T5: finger rhizome 15-25 g and T6: finger rhizome 25-35 g. This experiment was arranged according to randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that treatment T3 (mother rhizome 34-45 g) produced maximum plant height (82.57 cm), stem diameter (17.39 mm), number of tillers (10.31), number of leaves (16.04), leaf area (73.21 cm²), total number of rhizomes (28.01), number of primary rhizome (11.70), number of secondary rhizome (21.45), yield per plant (345.06 g/plant), rhizome length (25.93 mm), rhizome diameter (22.53 mm), and 8.11% curcumin content while the seedling emergence percentage was non-significant for all the treatments.","PeriodicalId":399348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121560361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Maqbool, N. Zahid, Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah, Abdul Hamid
The world is suffering due to the double burden of malnutrition i.e., under-nourished and over-nourished which is increasing day by day. Lack of dietary diversity and changing climatic scenarios are paving the way for this severe problem. There could be many solutions to address this chronic problem. However, using locally grown indigenous fruit species could be the cheapest and sustainable solution to tackle these issues locally as well as globally. To understand the existing barriers which are hindering to unlock the full potential of these fruit species, the present study was designed. To explore the ethno-horticultural and physico-chemical potential of some selected indigenous fruits such as persimmon, date plum, apple, pear, autumn olive, black raspberry, yellow raspberry, quince, barberry, apricot, fig, wood land strawberry, wild pomegranate, black mulberry, and plum were collected from different villages of District Poonch and analysed for various parameters. Ethno-horticultural information was gathered and documented during a survey conducted in this area while physico-chemical characterization was done through analytical studies. Samples were analysed for physico-chemical parameters such as, fruit weight, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, vitamin C, pH, total antioxidants, total flavonoids, and total phenols. The physico-chemical results showed that there is a huge potential of these fruit crops to be used locally and at national level. Further, small scale industry should be established to develop value added products.
{"title":"Ethno-horticultural and physico-chemical characterization of indigenous fruit species for nutritional and socio-economic uplift of local communities from district Poonch, Azad Jammu and Kashmir","authors":"M. Maqbool, N. Zahid, Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah, Abdul Hamid","doi":"10.46653/jhst2143081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46653/jhst2143081","url":null,"abstract":"The world is suffering due to the double burden of malnutrition i.e., under-nourished and over-nourished which is increasing day by day. Lack of dietary diversity and changing climatic scenarios are paving the way for this severe problem. There could be many solutions to address this chronic problem. However, using locally grown indigenous fruit species could be the cheapest and sustainable solution to tackle these issues locally as well as globally. To understand the existing barriers which are hindering to unlock the full potential of these fruit species, the present study was designed. To explore the ethno-horticultural and physico-chemical potential of some selected indigenous fruits such as persimmon, date plum, apple, pear, autumn olive, black raspberry, yellow raspberry, quince, barberry, apricot, fig, wood land strawberry, wild pomegranate, black mulberry, and plum were collected from different villages of District Poonch and analysed for various parameters. Ethno-horticultural information was gathered and documented during a survey conducted in this area while physico-chemical characterization was done through analytical studies. Samples were analysed for physico-chemical parameters such as, fruit weight, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, vitamin C, pH, total antioxidants, total flavonoids, and total phenols. The physico-chemical results showed that there is a huge potential of these fruit crops to be used locally and at national level. Further, small scale industry should be established to develop value added products.","PeriodicalId":399348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"229 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128354082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Qureshi, A. Ashraf, A. Noor, Muhammad Waseem Haider, M. Iqbal
Okra is one of the most important summer vegetables, which is vulnerable to biotic and abiotic factors, which adversely affect its germination, growth, and yield. So, this study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of different chemicals alone and in combination on crop performance from seed germination to seed production. For this purpose, seeds of okra cv. Sabz Pari were treated with different chemicals (Thiophanate, Potash, Zinc sulphate, Rodamine and Humic Acid in combinations) along with non-treated control. Results of the present study showed that seed treatments with T7 {Potash (0.5 g) + Humic Acid (0.25 g) + Zinc sulphate (0.08 g) + Rodamine (0.5 g) + Thiophanate (0.5 g) per kg of seeds} took the minimum time (3 days) to attain 50% emergence, while non-treated seeds took 6.5 days with an emergence percentage 90.8% and 70.5%, respectively. Moreover, this combination of seed treatment in T7 depicted the highest seedlings shoot length (10.8 cm), root length (5.3 cm), seedling fresh (1.01 g) and dry weight (0.148 g) and chlorophyll contents (28.6 SPAD units) as compared to control. In field, T7 significantly increased plant height (120.7 cm), pod length (15.8 cm) and number of seeds per pod (68.7) and 1000 seed weight (58.56 g). Therefore, this combination {(Potash (0.5 g/kg of seed) + Humic Acid (0.25 g/kg of seed) + Zinc sulphate (0.08 g/kg of seed) + Rodamine (0.5 g/kg of seed) + Thiophanate (0.5 g/kg of seed)} can be utilized for good quality seed production.
{"title":"Impact of seed treatments on emergence, growth, seed yield and quality of okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L.)","authors":"A. A. Qureshi, A. Ashraf, A. Noor, Muhammad Waseem Haider, M. Iqbal","doi":"10.46653/jhst2143089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46653/jhst2143089","url":null,"abstract":"Okra is one of the most important summer vegetables, which is vulnerable to biotic and abiotic factors, which adversely affect its germination, growth, and yield. So, this study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of different chemicals alone and in combination on crop performance from seed germination to seed production. For this purpose, seeds of okra cv. Sabz Pari were treated with different chemicals (Thiophanate, Potash, Zinc sulphate, Rodamine and Humic Acid in combinations) along with non-treated control. Results of the present study showed that seed treatments with T7 {Potash (0.5 g) + Humic Acid (0.25 g) + Zinc sulphate (0.08 g) + Rodamine (0.5 g) + Thiophanate (0.5 g) per kg of seeds} took the minimum time (3 days) to attain 50% emergence, while non-treated seeds took 6.5 days with an emergence percentage 90.8% and 70.5%, respectively. Moreover, this combination of seed treatment in T7 depicted the highest seedlings shoot length (10.8 cm), root length (5.3 cm), seedling fresh (1.01 g) and dry weight (0.148 g) and chlorophyll contents (28.6 SPAD units) as compared to control. In field, T7 significantly increased plant height (120.7 cm), pod length (15.8 cm) and number of seeds per pod (68.7) and 1000 seed weight (58.56 g). Therefore, this combination {(Potash (0.5 g/kg of seed) + Humic Acid (0.25 g/kg of seed) + Zinc sulphate (0.08 g/kg of seed) + Rodamine (0.5 g/kg of seed) + Thiophanate (0.5 g/kg of seed)} can be utilized for good quality seed production.","PeriodicalId":399348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116303621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hasan, B. A. Saleem, S. Khan, M. Khalid, Faisal Hayat, Raza Salik
Kinnow mandarin being produced in Pakistan faces different quality issues ending up in poor rind quality bearing blemishes on the peel. The main reason behind quality issues is inadequate production management including unoptimized production technology with an inappropriate spray schedule of insecticides and fungicides. Major blemishes found on the surface of fruit are biotic in nature (diseases and insects) and generally appear during the early 8-12 weeks of fruit setting. The objective of this study was to optimize insecticides and fungicides to manage rind blemishes in ‘Kinnow’ mandarin fruits caused by biotic factors. The present study was conducted during 2017-2018; there were four kinds of pesticides such as Actara (Thiamethoxam) or Confidor (Imidacloprid) and Nativo (Tebuconazole and Trifloxystrobin) or Topsin M (Thiophanate-methyl) sprayed to the trees at onset of fruit setting. The extent and nature of blemishes related to diseases and insects were significantly reduced after the spray of 0.3 g L-1 Nativo, 1.5 ml L-1 Confidor as compared to the application of Actara (0.24 g L-1 water) and Topsin M (2 g L-1 water), while the higher extent of blemishes was recorded in control block. Surface smoothness and peel colour of fruits showed significant improvement in sprayed trees compared to control. Likewise, preharvest sprays reduced the post-bloom and commercial fruit drop, resulting in a high yield per tree. However, the preharvest sprays showed a non-significant effect on organoleptic quality and biochemical attributes of ‘Kinnow’ fruit. Conclusively, the combination of Confidor (1.5 ml L-1 water) and Nativo (0.3 g L-1 water) sprays at fruit setting stage could be helpful in managing biotic blemishes in ‘Kinnow’ mandarin fruits resulted in an increased proportion of A-grade quality fruits in final pack out.
在巴基斯坦生产的金诺柑橘面临着不同的质量问题，最终导致果皮质量差，果皮上有瑕疵。质量问题背后的主要原因是生产管理不足，包括未优化的生产技术和不适当的杀虫剂和杀菌剂喷洒时间表。在果实表面发现的主要缺陷本质上是生物性的(疾病和昆虫)，通常在果实落地的前8-12周出现。本研究的目的是优化杀虫剂和杀菌剂，以治理由生物因素引起的“金诺”柑橘果皮瑕疵。本研究是在2017-2018年进行的;在果树坐果开始时喷施Actara(噻虫嗪)、confor(吡虫啉)、Nativo(戊唑唑和三氯虫酯)和Topsin M(硫代氨基甲酯)4种农药。与Actara (0.24 g L-1水)和Topsin M (2 g L-1水)相比，0.3 g L-1 natvero、1.5 ml L-1红血菌喷施后病虫斑的程度和性质明显降低，而对照区患病虫斑的程度更高。喷施后果实表面光滑度和果皮色泽均有显著改善。同样，收获前喷洒减少了开花后和商业落果，从而提高了每棵树的产量。采前喷施对“Kinnow”果实的感官品质和生化特性影响不显著。综上所述，在坐果期联合使用红唇(1.5 ml L-1水)和原生(0.3 g L-1水)喷雾剂可以帮助控制“Kinnow”柑橘的生物缺陷，从而增加最终包装的a级优质水果比例。
{"title":"Evaluating the response of insecticides and fungicides for rind blemishes management in Kinnow mandarin (Citrus nobilis Lour × Citrus deliciosa Tenora) fruits caused by biotic factors","authors":"M. Hasan, B. A. Saleem, S. Khan, M. Khalid, Faisal Hayat, Raza Salik","doi":"10.46653/jhst2143102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46653/jhst2143102","url":null,"abstract":"Kinnow mandarin being produced in Pakistan faces different quality issues ending up in poor rind quality bearing blemishes on the peel. The main reason behind quality issues is inadequate production management including unoptimized production technology with an inappropriate spray schedule of insecticides and fungicides. Major blemishes found on the surface of fruit are biotic in nature (diseases and insects) and generally appear during the early 8-12 weeks of fruit setting. The objective of this study was to optimize insecticides and fungicides to manage rind blemishes in ‘Kinnow’ mandarin fruits caused by biotic factors. The present study was conducted during 2017-2018; there were four kinds of pesticides such as Actara (Thiamethoxam) or Confidor (Imidacloprid) and Nativo (Tebuconazole and Trifloxystrobin) or Topsin M (Thiophanate-methyl) sprayed to the trees at onset of fruit setting. The extent and nature of blemishes related to diseases and insects were significantly reduced after the spray of 0.3 g L-1 Nativo, 1.5 ml L-1 Confidor as compared to the application of Actara (0.24 g L-1 water) and Topsin M (2 g L-1 water), while the higher extent of blemishes was recorded in control block. Surface smoothness and peel colour of fruits showed significant improvement in sprayed trees compared to control. Likewise, preharvest sprays reduced the post-bloom and commercial fruit drop, resulting in a high yield per tree. However, the preharvest sprays showed a non-significant effect on organoleptic quality and biochemical attributes of ‘Kinnow’ fruit. Conclusively, the combination of Confidor (1.5 ml L-1 water) and Nativo (0.3 g L-1 water) sprays at fruit setting stage could be helpful in managing biotic blemishes in ‘Kinnow’ mandarin fruits resulted in an increased proportion of A-grade quality fruits in final pack out.","PeriodicalId":399348,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127369731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：