K. Cho, N. Morita, H. Matsuoka, Hiroyuki Y. Yasuda, M. Todai, M. Ueda, M. Takeyama, T. Nakano
Microstructure and tensile properties of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb (at%) rods fabricated by electron beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF) process were investigated by changing input energy density ( ED ) which is one of the important fac-tors affecting formation of the melt pool. We found that unique layered microstructure consisting of an equiaxed γ grain layer ( γ band) and a duplex region can be formed by EB-PBF with ED in the range of 13 to 31 J/mm 3 . It is in-teresting to note that the width of the γ band and the volume fraction of the γ phase in the duplex region decrease with increasing ED . On the other hand, the α 2 / γ lamellar grain in the duplex region increases with increasing ED . These morphological changes in the layered microstructure are attributed to variation of temperature distribution from melt pool caused by increasing ED . Moreover, we also found for the first time the strength of the alloys can be improved by decreasing width of the γ band and increasing of the α 2 / γ lamellar grain in the duplex region. Whereas, the width of the γ band and the fraction of the equiaxed γ grain in the duplex region should be increased to enhance ductility of the alloys.
{"title":"Influence of input energy density on morphology of unique layered microstructure of γ-TiAl alloys fabricated by electron beam powder bed fusion","authors":"K. Cho, N. Morita, H. Matsuoka, Hiroyuki Y. Yasuda, M. Todai, M. Ueda, M. Takeyama, T. Nakano","doi":"10.2464/jilm.72.298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2464/jilm.72.298","url":null,"abstract":"Microstructure and tensile properties of Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb (at%) rods fabricated by electron beam powder bed fusion (EB-PBF) process were investigated by changing input energy density ( ED ) which is one of the important fac-tors affecting formation of the melt pool. We found that unique layered microstructure consisting of an equiaxed γ grain layer ( γ band) and a duplex region can be formed by EB-PBF with ED in the range of 13 to 31 J/mm 3 . It is in-teresting to note that the width of the γ band and the volume fraction of the γ phase in the duplex region decrease with increasing ED . On the other hand, the α 2 / γ lamellar grain in the duplex region increases with increasing ED . These morphological changes in the layered microstructure are attributed to variation of temperature distribution from melt pool caused by increasing ED . Moreover, we also found for the first time the strength of the alloys can be improved by decreasing width of the γ band and increasing of the α 2 / γ lamellar grain in the duplex region. Whereas, the width of the γ band and the fraction of the equiaxed γ grain in the duplex region should be increased to enhance ductility of the alloys.","PeriodicalId":39954,"journal":{"name":"Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90089605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joining of Aluminum alloy to dissimilar material using Resistance spot welding","authors":"T. Iwase, Masakiyo Okuda","doi":"10.2464/jilm.72.395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2464/jilm.72.395","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39954,"journal":{"name":"Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals","volume":"22 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78482219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creation of heat-resistant aluminum alloys utilizing rapid-solidification process in laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Takahiro Kimura","doi":"10.2464/jilm.72.388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2464/jilm.72.388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39954,"journal":{"name":"Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84537304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingqi Dong, Weiwei Zhou, Zhenxing Zhou, N. Nomura
The densification process plays a critical role in determining the microstructure and performance of Ti matrix com posites (TMCs). Herein, a comparative study was performed on a graphene oxide (GO)/Ti-6Al-4V composite fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The flexible GO sheets were homoge neously decorated onto the Ti-6Al-4V powders via an electrostatic self-assembly without significantly changing the particle size or sphericity. Under high-energy laser irradiation, the GO sheets were completely dissolved into the matrix. The L-PBF-produced composite was composed of fine α ʼ martensite structures due to the rapid solidification and the solute carbon atoms. In contrast, the GO was reacted with Ti matrix and completely transformed into sub-micron TiC particles during SPS; the composite consisted of α ＋ β phases with randomly dispersed TiC. Moreover, the L-PBF-produced composite exhibited a higher hardness of 481 HV as compared with the SPS-produced one of 367 HV, attributing to the fine α ʼ microstructures and high residual stresses. The present work offers deep under-standing on the structural evolution of GO during high-temperature densifications, and shows new insights for fab rication of high-performance TMCs with tailored microstructures.
{"title":"Microstructures and mechanical properties of carbon-added Ti composites fabricated by laser powder bed fusion or spark plasma sintering","authors":"Mingqi Dong, Weiwei Zhou, Zhenxing Zhou, N. Nomura","doi":"10.2464/jilm.72.314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2464/jilm.72.314","url":null,"abstract":"The densification process plays a critical role in determining the microstructure and performance of Ti matrix com posites (TMCs). Herein, a comparative study was performed on a graphene oxide (GO)/Ti-6Al-4V composite fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). The flexible GO sheets were homoge neously decorated onto the Ti-6Al-4V powders via an electrostatic self-assembly without significantly changing the particle size or sphericity. Under high-energy laser irradiation, the GO sheets were completely dissolved into the matrix. The L-PBF-produced composite was composed of fine α ʼ martensite structures due to the rapid solidification and the solute carbon atoms. In contrast, the GO was reacted with Ti matrix and completely transformed into sub-micron TiC particles during SPS; the composite consisted of α ＋ β phases with randomly dispersed TiC. Moreover, the L-PBF-produced composite exhibited a higher hardness of 481 HV as compared with the SPS-produced one of 367 HV, attributing to the fine α ʼ microstructures and high residual stresses. The present work offers deep under-standing on the structural evolution of GO during high-temperature densifications, and shows new insights for fab rication of high-performance TMCs with tailored microstructures.","PeriodicalId":39954,"journal":{"name":"Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84758128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elucidation of the governing factors of crystallographic texture development in metal additive manufacturing processing; focusing on the silicide product fabrication as an example","authors":"K. Hagihara, Takuya Ishimoto, T. Nakano","doi":"10.2464/jilm.72.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2464/jilm.72.344","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39954,"journal":{"name":"Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78026363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Miyata, Tetsuyoshi Furukawa, Seiichi Mimura, K. Murakami
{"title":"Introduction of electron beam/powder bed fusion 3D printer","authors":"J. Miyata, Tetsuyoshi Furukawa, Seiichi Mimura, K. Murakami","doi":"10.2464/jilm.72.358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2464/jilm.72.358","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39954,"journal":{"name":"Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84694563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
wettability between a liquid and its own solid for metal systems is limited. In this study, we propose the evaluation method for the interfacial properties between liquid alloy and its solid alloy based on the morphology of as built surface in powder bed fusion. The liquid/solid contact angle for Ti-6mass%Al-4mass%V is measured based on the sample built by electron-beam additive manufacturing, and its interfacial tension is evaluated by Young ʼ s equa-tion. The contact angle and interfacial tension between Ti-6mass%Al-4mass%V liquid alloy and its solid alloy are found to be 12 °and 376 mN/m, respectively.
{"title":"Evaluation of liquid/solid interfacial property for Ti-6mass%Al-4mass%V alloy using electron-beam additive manufacturing","authors":"M. Nakamoto, Toshihiro Tanaka","doi":"10.2464/jilm.72.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2464/jilm.72.304","url":null,"abstract":"wettability between a liquid and its own solid for metal systems is limited. In this study, we propose the evaluation method for the interfacial properties between liquid alloy and its solid alloy based on the morphology of as built surface in powder bed fusion. The liquid/solid contact angle for Ti-6mass%Al-4mass%V is measured based on the sample built by electron-beam additive manufacturing, and its interfacial tension is evaluated by Young ʼ s equa-tion. The contact angle and interfacial tension between Ti-6mass%Al-4mass%V liquid alloy and its solid alloy are found to be 12 °and 376 mN/m, respectively.","PeriodicalId":39954,"journal":{"name":"Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals","volume":"04 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88212345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atsuya Masuda, Y. Hangai, H. Mitsugi, Ryosuke Suzuki, M. Matsubara, H. Fujii
Porous aluminum is fabricated by heating and foaming a precursor, which is fabricated by adding a foaming agent and a thickening agent to solid aluminum. In recent years, joining technologies have been developed owing to multi-materialization, but from the viewpoint of recycling, it is necessary to separate the joined materials when they are to be disposed. It is well known that the strength of porous material decreases compared with that of the base material. Taking advantage of this fact, we attempted to reduce the strength of the joining area by adding a foaming agent to the joining area when joining dissimilar metals, and then heating and foaming the joining area at the time of disposal for the purpose of easy separation. As a result, it was found that the fracture load and absorbed energy required to fracture the specimen can be reduced just by heat treatment, but they can be further reduced by heating and foaming the joining area compared with those in the case of a nonporous specimen.
{"title":"Investigation of separation of A1050 aluminum and SS400 steel joined body by foaming","authors":"Atsuya Masuda, Y. Hangai, H. Mitsugi, Ryosuke Suzuki, M. Matsubara, H. Fujii","doi":"10.2464/jilm.72.366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2464/jilm.72.366","url":null,"abstract":"Porous aluminum is fabricated by heating and foaming a precursor, which is fabricated by adding a foaming agent and a thickening agent to solid aluminum. In recent years, joining technologies have been developed owing to multi-materialization, but from the viewpoint of recycling, it is necessary to separate the joined materials when they are to be disposed. It is well known that the strength of porous material decreases compared with that of the base material. Taking advantage of this fact, we attempted to reduce the strength of the joining area by adding a foaming agent to the joining area when joining dissimilar metals, and then heating and foaming the joining area at the time of disposal for the purpose of easy separation. As a result, it was found that the fracture load and absorbed energy required to fracture the specimen can be reduced just by heat treatment, but they can be further reduced by heating and foaming the joining area compared with those in the case of a nonporous specimen.","PeriodicalId":39954,"journal":{"name":"Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78118293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Residual stress and its reduction of Ti-6Al-4V alloy additively manufactured by laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Takayuki Inoue, Tomoyo Yuasa, Chiharu Fujiwara","doi":"10.2464/jilm.72.355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2464/jilm.72.355","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39954,"journal":{"name":"Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87270213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Metal additive manufacturing of titanium alloys for control of hard tissue compatibility","authors":"Aira Matsugaki, Tadaaki Matsuzaka, T. Nakano","doi":"10.2464/jilm.72.339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2464/jilm.72.339","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":39954,"journal":{"name":"Keikinzoku/Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86804039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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