Kenne Meli Viannie Ingrid, Ftatsi Mbetmi Guy-de-patience, Maka Taga Cybèle, Jiokap Nono Yvette
In order to reduce post-harvest losses and ensure the availability of fresh tomatoes during the lean period to agro-industrial companies, farmers and those who market them, it is essential to find an inexpensive way to preserve them. Energy, environmental and economic issues lead us to seek solutions adapted to the context. Inexpensive means of conservation include water evaporative cooling systems. The aim of this article was to review the scientific, technical and legal aspects of existing evaporative preservation devices to ensure a continuous supply of this fruit. From our research and the field study, it appears that “pot-in-pot” technologies and evaporative cooling chambers (ECC) are deployed but still present several limitations, particularly in terms of storage time, adaptation to certain environments, device mass, mold growth; which justifies the fact that they are not yet adopted by many tomatoes’ farmers. Perspectives have been proposed to overcome the limitations of these devices.
{"title":"Review on water evaporative cooling low-cost devices for tomato fruit preservation","authors":"Kenne Meli Viannie Ingrid, Ftatsi Mbetmi Guy-de-patience, Maka Taga Cybèle, Jiokap Nono Yvette","doi":"10.14419/sv586682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/sv586682","url":null,"abstract":"In order to reduce post-harvest losses and ensure the availability of fresh tomatoes during the lean period to agro-industrial companies, farmers and those who market them, it is essential to find an inexpensive way to preserve them. Energy, environmental and economic issues lead us to seek solutions adapted to the context. Inexpensive means of conservation include water evaporative cooling systems. The aim of this article was to review the scientific, technical and legal aspects of existing evaporative preservation devices to ensure a continuous supply of this fruit. From our research and the field study, it appears that “pot-in-pot” technologies and evaporative cooling chambers (ECC) are deployed but still present several limitations, particularly in terms of storage time, adaptation to certain environments, device mass, mold growth; which justifies the fact that they are not yet adopted by many tomatoes’ farmers. Perspectives have been proposed to overcome the limitations of these devices.","PeriodicalId":402735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141801786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Bhanu Teja, N. Hari kumar, D. Sasi Raja Sekhar, C. Shiva Kumar
The need for efficient and secure toll collection systems has prompted the development of advanced technologies that streamline toll collection and enhance traffic management. This paper presents an automatic toll collection system that integrates Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology with vehicle classification using convolutional neural network algorithms. The proposed system aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of toll collection processes while reducing illegal use of Fast-tags (RFID) on unauthorized vehicles. The RFID-based component of the system facilitates contactless payment by detecting vehicles equipped with RFID tags as they approach the toll booth. The system automatically processes the payment, enabling swift passage for vehicles and minimizing delays. To enhance security and accuracy, the system incorporates a vehicle classification module based on Single Shot Detector (SSD) and You Only Look Once (YOLO) models. Cameras capture images of approaching vehicles, which are then processed by CNN algorithms trained to classify vehicles based on features such as type, make, model and Size. This classification enables the system to apply appropriate toll rates according to vehicle category and ensure compliance with toll regulations. The integration of RFID and deep learning technologies provides a robust approach to managing toll collection, minimizing fraud or evasion, and ensuring a seamless experience for drivers. The proposed system also offers valuable data insights for traffic analysis and management, contributing to smarter transportation infrastructure like toll fee SMS services and automatic toll gate opening and closing system. The results demonstrate that the system significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of toll collection while providing a reliable and secure method for vehicle classification. The proposed system holds potential for widespread adoption, aligning with the growing demand for intelligent transportation solutions.
{"title":"Automatic toll collection system using RFID with vehicle classification using convolutional neural network","authors":"T. Bhanu Teja, N. Hari kumar, D. Sasi Raja Sekhar, C. Shiva Kumar","doi":"10.14419/6j9fnc82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/6j9fnc82","url":null,"abstract":"The need for efficient and secure toll collection systems has prompted the development of advanced technologies that streamline toll collection and enhance traffic management. This paper presents an automatic toll collection system that integrates Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology with vehicle classification using convolutional neural network algorithms. The proposed system aims to improve the accuracy and efficiency of toll collection processes while reducing illegal use of Fast-tags (RFID) on unauthorized vehicles. The RFID-based component of the system facilitates contactless payment by detecting vehicles equipped with RFID tags as they approach the toll booth. The system automatically processes the payment, enabling swift passage for vehicles and minimizing delays. To enhance security and accuracy, the system incorporates a vehicle classification module based on Single Shot Detector (SSD) and You Only Look Once (YOLO) models. Cameras capture images of approaching vehicles, which are then processed by CNN algorithms trained to classify vehicles based on features such as type, make, model and Size. This classification enables the system to apply appropriate toll rates according to vehicle category and ensure compliance with toll regulations. The integration of RFID and deep learning technologies provides a robust approach to managing toll collection, minimizing fraud or evasion, and ensuring a seamless experience for drivers. The proposed system also offers valuable data insights for traffic analysis and management, contributing to smarter transportation infrastructure like toll fee SMS services and automatic toll gate opening and closing system. The results demonstrate that the system significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of toll collection while providing a reliable and secure method for vehicle classification. The proposed system holds potential for widespread adoption, aligning with the growing demand for intelligent transportation solutions.","PeriodicalId":402735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology","volume":"54 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abhilash Krishnan A, Analram V S, Abhinav P, Archana S, S. Swapna Kumar
The global healthcare landscape has been profoundly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the urgent need for a robust and adaptable healthcare infrastructure to navigate public health crises effectively. In response to this imperative, a project was initiated to develop a low-cost portable ventilator system that embodies key attributes of affordability, rapid deployability, and scalability. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the design principles, challenges, and ethical considerations associated with the development of low-cost ventilators, emphasizing the critical importance of clear documentation, rigorous testing, and regulatory compliance in the realm of open-source ventilator design. Through a meticulous process of research and testing, the ventilator system has been meticulously evaluated and validated for clinical applications across diverse healthcare settings. The findings of this project not only validate the feasibility and efficacy of the ventilator system but also underscore its potential to address critical gaps in emergency respiratory support. This innovative solution represents a significant technological milestone in reshaping the landscape of emergency respiratory care, offering a scalable and affordable alternative to traditional ventilator systems. The development of this low-cost portable ventilator system stands as a testament to the power of innovation and collaboration in addressing pressing healthcare challenges. By enhancing global health preparedness and resilience through the creation of accessible and efficient medical technologies, this project paves the way for a more secure and adaptable healthcare infrastructure capable of meeting the demands of future public health crises.
{"title":"Breathe Safely with Low-Cost Portable Ventilator","authors":"Abhilash Krishnan A, Analram V S, Abhinav P, Archana S, S. Swapna Kumar","doi":"10.14419/neh2xf65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/neh2xf65","url":null,"abstract":"The global healthcare landscape has been profoundly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the urgent need for a robust and adaptable healthcare infrastructure to navigate public health crises effectively. In response to this imperative, a project was initiated to develop a low-cost portable ventilator system that embodies key attributes of affordability, rapid deployability, and scalability. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of the design principles, challenges, and ethical considerations associated with the development of low-cost ventilators, emphasizing the critical importance of clear documentation, rigorous testing, and regulatory compliance in the realm of open-source ventilator design. Through a meticulous process of research and testing, the ventilator system has been meticulously evaluated and validated for clinical applications across diverse healthcare settings. The findings of this project not only validate the feasibility and efficacy of the ventilator system but also underscore its potential to address critical gaps in emergency respiratory support. This innovative solution represents a significant technological milestone in reshaping the landscape of emergency respiratory care, offering a scalable and affordable alternative to traditional ventilator systems. The development of this low-cost portable ventilator system stands as a testament to the power of innovation and collaboration in addressing pressing healthcare challenges. By enhancing global health preparedness and resilience through the creation of accessible and efficient medical technologies, this project paves the way for a more secure and adaptable healthcare infrastructure capable of meeting the demands of future public health crises.","PeriodicalId":402735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology","volume":"84 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141835530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Sadiki, Khadija Oufkir, M'hamed Elomari, Idris Bakhadach
The present work is devoted to using an analytic approach, namely the homotopy analysis method, to solve the Fractional Partial Differential Equations with intuitionistic fuzzy initial data under generalized intuitionistic fuzzy Caputo derivative.
{"title":"The Solution of the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Linear Fractional Partial Differential Equations Using the Homotopy Analysis Method","authors":"H. Sadiki, Khadija Oufkir, M'hamed Elomari, Idris Bakhadach","doi":"10.14419/30533194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/30533194","url":null,"abstract":"The present work is devoted to using an analytic approach, namely the homotopy analysis method, to solve the Fractional Partial Differential Equations with intuitionistic fuzzy initial data under generalized intuitionistic fuzzy Caputo derivative. ","PeriodicalId":402735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology","volume":"106 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141835538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rahman Ali Khan, Mushfiq Humam, Mohammad Farhan Fazli
Public transportation serves as a critical infrastructure in developing countries, essential for promoting mobility and sustainability. However, traditional transit systems often contribute to environmental degradation through emissions. Recognising this challenge, nations such as India are actively pursuing strategies to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions. An important initiative involves integrating electric buses into urban transit systems. To optimise the effectiveness of these electric bus services and encourage greater public transportation usage, it is essential to align service offerings with customer needs and expectations. This research aims to assess customer satisfaction among electric bus users in Aligarh using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) analysis. Critical attributes such as affordability, safety, comfort, and accessibility will be examined to identify areas for improvement. An analysis will be conducted to gain insights into service quality attributes crucial for enhancing customer satisfaction in public transportation operations and the strategies for improving customer satisfaction to be defined.
{"title":"Enhancing Customer Satisfaction Index for Electric Bus service in Aligarh smart city: A case study on critical attributes and improvement strategies","authors":"Rahman Ali Khan, Mushfiq Humam, Mohammad Farhan Fazli","doi":"10.14419/0xpdx433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/0xpdx433","url":null,"abstract":"Public transportation serves as a critical infrastructure in developing countries, essential for promoting mobility and sustainability. However, traditional transit systems often contribute to environmental degradation through emissions. Recognising this challenge, nations such as India are actively pursuing strategies to reduce energy consumption and carbon emissions. An important initiative involves integrating electric buses into urban transit systems. To optimise the effectiveness of these electric bus services and encourage greater public transportation usage, it is essential to align service offerings with customer needs and expectations. This research aims to assess customer satisfaction among electric bus users in Aligarh using the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) analysis. Critical attributes such as affordability, safety, comfort, and accessibility will be examined to identify areas for improvement. An analysis will be conducted to gain insights into service quality attributes crucial for enhancing customer satisfaction in public transportation operations and the strategies for improving customer satisfaction to be defined.","PeriodicalId":402735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology","volume":"12 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141837495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nabilatou, Doua Philemon, Laurent Bitjoka, Nicolas Njintang, Mondo Victor Epane
Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz), native from Latin America, is one of the main food crops which contribute to ensure alimentary security in Cameroon. In Adamawa region, especially in NGAN’HA area, it is one of the principal food crops cultivated, but not really exploited. According to FAO, there are more than 40% of cassava production lost because of lack of processing equipment like conservation and transformation equipment. The purpose of this study is to carry out the morphological characterization of cassava roots to guide cassava processing equipment design. Twenty cassava roots were harvested at NGAN’HA, have been labeled, measured and weighed. The ends of each cassava root were removed, measured and weighed. The different shapes of the remaining part have been identified by analyzing the diameter variations on the root, separated by scission and the dimensions of each piece have been measured according to the 3D basic solids existing shape at which it was closer. The study revealed that for an entire root, we have 240mm to 845mm of length and 0.42 K to 2.54Kg of weight. The analysis of the central part pieces revealed that a major part of roots has cylindrical shapes (68.57%), and followed by truncated conical (22.86%) and spherical (8.57%). The mean value of diameter for cylindrical roots is 72.44mm, 55.3mm and 75.96mm for truncated conical roots respectively for the smallest and the highest diameters. Spherical roots have 71.78mm of mean diameter. The distribution of length and weight or a single root showed that the cylindrical part can represent until 87.50% of the length and 91.89% of the weight; truncated conical part can represent 53.67% of the length and 4% 0f the mass; spherical part can represent 30% of the length and 45% of the mass; the analysis of the ends revealed that they can represent 4.5% of the total mass of roots. Their mean length is 49.39mm for the left ends and 29.11 for the right ends; the mean weights have the same value of 0.03Kg. The characteristics obtained from this study revealed that the model of equipment to design for industrial transformation of cassava is Lathe.
{"title":"Morphological characterization of cassava roots for equipment design","authors":"Nabilatou, Doua Philemon, Laurent Bitjoka, Nicolas Njintang, Mondo Victor Epane","doi":"10.14419/gyfme536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/gyfme536","url":null,"abstract":"Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz), native from Latin America, is one of the main food crops which contribute to ensure alimentary security in Cameroon. In Adamawa region, especially in NGAN’HA area, it is one of the principal food crops cultivated, but not really exploited. According to FAO, there are more than 40% of cassava production lost because of lack of processing equipment like conservation and transformation equipment. The purpose of this study is to carry out the morphological characterization of cassava roots to guide cassava processing equipment design. Twenty cassava roots were harvested at NGAN’HA, have been labeled, measured and weighed. The ends of each cassava root were removed, measured and weighed. The different shapes of the remaining part have been identified by analyzing the diameter variations on the root, separated by scission and the dimensions of each piece have been measured according to the 3D basic solids existing shape at which it was closer. The study revealed that for an entire root, we have 240mm to 845mm of length and 0.42 K to 2.54Kg of weight. The analysis of the central part pieces revealed that a major part of roots has cylindrical shapes (68.57%), and followed by truncated conical (22.86%) and spherical (8.57%). The mean value of diameter for cylindrical roots is 72.44mm, 55.3mm and 75.96mm for truncated conical roots respectively for the smallest and the highest diameters. Spherical roots have 71.78mm of mean diameter. The distribution of length and weight or a single root showed that the cylindrical part can represent until 87.50% of the length and 91.89% of the weight; truncated conical part can represent 53.67% of the length and 4% 0f the mass; spherical part can represent 30% of the length and 45% of the mass; the analysis of the ends revealed that they can represent 4.5% of the total mass of roots. Their mean length is 49.39mm for the left ends and 29.11 for the right ends; the mean weights have the same value of 0.03Kg. The characteristics obtained from this study revealed that the model of equipment to design for industrial transformation of cassava is Lathe.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":402735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology","volume":"67 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141837746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-15DOI: 10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32227
Md. Redwanul Islam, H. Begum, Md. Sharif Ahmed, H. M. Z. Hossain, Fahmida Karim
Fibers are the main raw materials in the textile industry. Now-a-days various types of fibers are available around the world but all fibers are not textile fibers. Because for being textile fibers, the fibers must have some particular physical and chemical properties. The length of natu-ral fiber plays an important role both in the spinning process and product quality. In this work, it is highlighted about a long staple natural fiber which is called jute fiber. In the 19th century, jute fiber was called the *Golden Fiber* of Bangladesh. After that this fiber lost its name and fame for the cause of our negligence and lack of knowledge. It is very difficult to know about jute because a few people were working on it. Though it’s a long fiber but there are some problems with its fixed length because this fiber consists of a large number of ultimate cells whose length is 1.5 to 4 millimeters and these cells are attached by lignin which is known as natural cement. A long fiber which is 5 to 10 feet forms after attaching these ultimate cells. During the retting period some of the lignin layers break down and long fiber length of fibers becomes shorter. Another important thing is these fibers have a mesh structure for this reason it’s difficult to identify the actual length of the fibers. That’s why fibers obtained after retting are passed through jute carding machines. The main function of the jute carding machine is to split up and break down the mesh structure. After carding, it’s quite easy to measure the length of splited jute fibers. There are not any suit-able machines for measuring the length of jute fibers. Previously people use the scale for measuring the jute fibers' length manually, through this it is so difficult to measure the length of the long fibers accurately. Here an instrument has been designed with Arduino UNO, Ultrason-ic distance sensor, Image-j software, C-programming and fabricated for measuring the fibers' length easily and accurately as well as this instrument can measure the number of fibers in that particular length. By using this instrument anyone can easily measure the length of the fibers and the number of fibers within a short possible time efficiently.
{"title":"Design and fabrication of an instrument for splitted jute fiber length measurement","authors":"Md. Redwanul Islam, H. Begum, Md. Sharif Ahmed, H. M. Z. Hossain, Fahmida Karim","doi":"10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32227","url":null,"abstract":"Fibers are the main raw materials in the textile industry. Now-a-days various types of fibers are available around the world but all fibers are not textile fibers. Because for being textile fibers, the fibers must have some particular physical and chemical properties. The length of natu-ral fiber plays an important role both in the spinning process and product quality. In this work, it is highlighted about a long staple natural fiber which is called jute fiber. In the 19th century, jute fiber was called the *Golden Fiber* of Bangladesh. After that this fiber lost its name and fame for the cause of our negligence and lack of knowledge. It is very difficult to know about jute because a few people were working on it. Though it’s a long fiber but there are some problems with its fixed length because this fiber consists of a large number of ultimate cells whose length is 1.5 to 4 millimeters and these cells are attached by lignin which is known as natural cement. A long fiber which is 5 to 10 feet forms after attaching these ultimate cells. During the retting period some of the lignin layers break down and long fiber length of fibers becomes shorter. Another important thing is these fibers have a mesh structure for this reason it’s difficult to identify the actual length of the fibers. That’s why fibers obtained after retting are passed through jute carding machines. The main function of the jute carding machine is to split up and break down the mesh structure. After carding, it’s quite easy to measure the length of splited jute fibers. There are not any suit-able machines for measuring the length of jute fibers. Previously people use the scale for measuring the jute fibers' length manually, through this it is so difficult to measure the length of the long fibers accurately. Here an instrument has been designed with Arduino UNO, Ultrason-ic distance sensor, Image-j software, C-programming and fabricated for measuring the fibers' length easily and accurately as well as this instrument can measure the number of fibers in that particular length. By using this instrument anyone can easily measure the length of the fibers and the number of fibers within a short possible time efficiently.","PeriodicalId":402735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132867361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-24DOI: 10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32049
Montcho Crépin Hounlonon, Adéyèmi Clément Kouchadé, A. Médéhouénou, Vincent Gohoungo, A. Houngan, B. Kounouhewa
Wood is a material used in construction, in instrument making, etc. In Benin, for heavy construction and construction on wetland, species with high technological characteristics are imported. But the performance of these imported species compared to local indigenous or exotic species remains to be verified. Thus, it is necessary to determine the basic technological properties of these species. It is within this framework that we have, on 500mm×20mm×20mm prismatic wood specimens of Anogeissus leiocarpus, Manilkara multinervis and Cylicodiscus gabunensis, used the acoustic method BING (Beam Identification by Non-destructive Grading) of CIRAD-Forest to determine the density Ï, the moduli of Young's modulus E, shear modulus G and the internal friction tan𛿠and then evaluated the modulus of specific stiffness E/Ï. On other 20 mm edge cubic specimens, we evaluated the reference physical properties of density, infradensity, total shrinkage, radial shrinkage, tangential shrinkage and shrinkage anisotropy. It appears that the wood of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Manilkara multinervis present better physico-mechanical characteristics than those of Cylicodiscus gabunensis. Anogeissus leiocarpus and Manilkara multinervis are very dense woods with physico-mechanical characteristics better than those of most Benin's popular species. The average modulus of elasticity in bending of these two species is higher than 12000 MPa while that of Cylicodiscus gabunensis is 10713 MPa. In compression all these species have an average modulus of elasticity above 14100 MPa. Cylicodiscus gabunensis wood tested is light with a lower shrinkage anisotropy than the other two species studied and have excellent acoustic properties. Its average specific stiffness (14 GPa) is higher than that of the other two species studied (12 GPa). The good physical-mechanical and acoustic properties of these species show that they are good structural timbers with also good potential for instrument making and acoustic insulation.Keywords: BING; Construction; Infradensity; Modulus of elasticity; Shrinkage anisotropy; Timber.
{"title":"Physical, Mechanical and Acoustic Characteristics of Anogeissus leiocarpus, Manilkara multinervis and Cylicodiscus gabunen-sis Woods Marketed in Benin in West Africa","authors":"Montcho Crépin Hounlonon, Adéyèmi Clément Kouchadé, A. Médéhouénou, Vincent Gohoungo, A. Houngan, B. Kounouhewa","doi":"10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32049","url":null,"abstract":"Wood is a material used in construction, in instrument making, etc. In Benin, for heavy construction and construction on wetland, species with high technological characteristics are imported. But the performance of these imported species compared to local indigenous or exotic species remains to be verified. Thus, it is necessary to determine the basic technological properties of these species. It is within this framework that we have, on 500mm×20mm×20mm prismatic wood specimens of Anogeissus leiocarpus, Manilkara multinervis and Cylicodiscus gabunensis, used the acoustic method BING (Beam Identification by Non-destructive Grading) of CIRAD-Forest to determine the density Ï, the moduli of Young's modulus E, shear modulus G and the internal friction tan𛿠and then evaluated the modulus of specific stiffness E/Ï. On other 20 mm edge cubic specimens, we evaluated the reference physical properties of density, infradensity, total shrinkage, radial shrinkage, tangential shrinkage and shrinkage anisotropy. It appears that the wood of Anogeissus leiocarpus and Manilkara multinervis present better physico-mechanical characteristics than those of Cylicodiscus gabunensis. Anogeissus leiocarpus and Manilkara multinervis are very dense woods with physico-mechanical characteristics better than those of most Benin's popular species. The average modulus of elasticity in bending of these two species is higher than 12000 MPa while that of Cylicodiscus gabunensis is 10713 MPa. In compression all these species have an average modulus of elasticity above 14100 MPa. Cylicodiscus gabunensis wood tested is light with a lower shrinkage anisotropy than the other two species studied and have excellent acoustic properties. Its average specific stiffness (14 GPa) is higher than that of the other two species studied (12 GPa). The good physical-mechanical and acoustic properties of these species show that they are good structural timbers with also good potential for instrument making and acoustic insulation.Keywords: BING; Construction; Infradensity; Modulus of elasticity; Shrinkage anisotropy; Timber.","PeriodicalId":402735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123734616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32167
Fahmida E Karim, Md. Redwanul Islam
Simplex machine plays a vital role in spinning process. By using simplex machine the roving has been found, which reduced maximum draft in the ring frame. So it is necessary to produce good qualities roving from simplex machine. For this reason the draft and amount of false twist has been kept at a particular ration. For controlling draft, the drafting arrangement needed to arrange in a proper order. The gauge distance between the drafting zones are needed to maintain at a particular distance, through which the production and the quality of the product will be optimum level. Here for the research work the simplex machine drafting arrangement is 4 over 4 and diameter of the rollers are 28.5 mm. For this reason three drafting zones have been formed, they are front, middle and back zone. Here the roving hank has been used is 0.80 and this roving is used for producing 26 Ne and 32 Ne cotton carded yarn. By using the same roving hand and changing the gauge distances, it’s easily identified which gauge distance is suitable for producing roving as well as the quality of ring yarn. Â
{"title":"Comparison between simplex roller gauge of 40.5×50×52 mm and 39.5×49.5×50.5 mm","authors":"Fahmida E Karim, Md. Redwanul Islam","doi":"10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32167","url":null,"abstract":"Simplex machine plays a vital role in spinning process. By using simplex machine the roving has been found, which reduced maximum draft in the ring frame. So it is necessary to produce good qualities roving from simplex machine. For this reason the draft and amount of false twist has been kept at a particular ration. For controlling draft, the drafting arrangement needed to arrange in a proper order. The gauge distance between the drafting zones are needed to maintain at a particular distance, through which the production and the quality of the product will be optimum level. Here for the research work the simplex machine drafting arrangement is 4 over 4 and diameter of the rollers are 28.5 mm. For this reason three drafting zones have been formed, they are front, middle and back zone. Here the roving hank has been used is 0.80 and this roving is used for producing 26 Ne and 32 Ne cotton carded yarn. By using the same roving hand and changing the gauge distances, it’s easily identified which gauge distance is suitable for producing roving as well as the quality of ring yarn.  ","PeriodicalId":402735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126997549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32113
Dr. Souleymane DIALLO, Dr. Ousmane BA
The almost irreversible and encouraged link between connectable computer terminals and playful juvenile occupation raises the issue of parental education in the family environment. The latter is characterized by its narrowness and the almost daily absence of parents, hence the question of the uncontrolled use of tablets and smartphones connected by Middle School students from Pikine. Thanks to qualitative methods and semi-structured interviews with fourteen (14) teenagers and their parents, we discover that fathers and mothers are missing from homes on a daily basis because of work. They give to their offspring these devices and the connection not only to occupy them usefully but also to protect them from the evil temptations of the outside. Free, these young people, devote themselves to video games, sports, music, pornography, etc. offered by different websites. Thus, they idealize and copy bad models taken from the net. Conflicts with parents arise. Sanctions follow and the most painful is the withdrawal of the devices. Â
{"title":"New technologies and leisure activities for young people in Dakar: small screens connected to the conflicts between parents and teenagers in pikine","authors":"Dr. Souleymane DIALLO, Dr. Ousmane BA","doi":"10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v11i2.32113","url":null,"abstract":"The almost irreversible and encouraged link between connectable computer terminals and playful juvenile occupation raises the issue of parental education in the family environment. The latter is characterized by its narrowness and the almost daily absence of parents, hence the question of the uncontrolled use of tablets and smartphones connected by Middle School students from Pikine. Thanks to qualitative methods and semi-structured interviews with fourteen (14) teenagers and their parents, we discover that fathers and mothers are missing from homes on a daily basis because of work. They give to their offspring these devices and the connection not only to occupy them usefully but also to protect them from the evil temptations of the outside. Free, these young people, devote themselves to video games, sports, music, pornography, etc. offered by different websites. Thus, they idealize and copy bad models taken from the net. Conflicts with parents arise. Sanctions follow and the most painful is the withdrawal of the devices.  ","PeriodicalId":402735,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology","volume":"371 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133512692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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