Pub Date : 2023-12-31DOI: 10.47363/jftns/2023(5)159
Araka Akugbenebibo Dominic, Moses Diepreye Immaculate, Ajumobi Emeka Victor
Food spoilage is a major issue in our economy today, especially due to global climate change. Recent climate trends have led to an increased deterioration of freshly cut fruits and vegetables and has resulted in series of food poisoning as well as other health risk. Aside this, food spoilage and deterioration has affected negatively on national economy as from farm to store, supply chains are struggling with a food waste issue. This research aimed at using bioproducts in reducing the spoilage rate of fresh-cut tomatoes using lemongrass oil, ginger oil and garlic oil under 28OC and 4OC ambient temperatures. The bio-products (ginger oil, garlic oil and lemon grass oil) were extracted using domestic methods with coconut oil as the base oil. The bio-products were applied on the freshly cut tomatoes once daily. Visual observations on some anatomical features of tomatoes such as cuticle, placenta and pericarp were used to study rate and spoilage duration of tomatoes, while weight of the tomatoes at intervals and microbiological parameters were used in analyzing the effectiveness of the bio- products in reducing tomatoes spoilage rate. After 96 hours of study, the results showed significant (p<0.05) reduction in tomatoes spoilage rate in ginger oil assisted tomatoes compared to other bio-products and the control. Signs of pericarp wrinkle, cuticle deterioration and placenta damage were observed in the control from 24 hours. Similarly, significant reduction in tomatoes weight were observed in the control tomatoes which indicated spoilage. High fungal and bacterial count was also observed in the control tomatoes and the microbes observed showed some similarities with previously identified microbes that are associated with fruit spoilage and food poisoning. This research showed that ginger oil, garlic oil and lemon grass oil could be effective in reducing spoilage in freshly cut tomatoes, however future studies should be conducted to investigate the affectivity of other bio- products in reducing fruit spoilage.
{"title":"Comparative Studies on Bio-Preservation of Fresh-Cut Tomatoes Using Garlic, Ginger and Lemongrass Infused in Coconut Oil","authors":"Araka Akugbenebibo Dominic, Moses Diepreye Immaculate, Ajumobi Emeka Victor","doi":"10.47363/jftns/2023(5)159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jftns/2023(5)159","url":null,"abstract":"Food spoilage is a major issue in our economy today, especially due to global climate change. Recent climate trends have led to an increased deterioration of freshly cut fruits and vegetables and has resulted in series of food poisoning as well as other health risk. Aside this, food spoilage and deterioration has affected negatively on national economy as from farm to store, supply chains are struggling with a food waste issue. This research aimed at using bioproducts in reducing the spoilage rate of fresh-cut tomatoes using lemongrass oil, ginger oil and garlic oil under 28OC and 4OC ambient temperatures. The bio-products (ginger oil, garlic oil and lemon grass oil) were extracted using domestic methods with coconut oil as the base oil. The bio-products were applied on the freshly cut tomatoes once daily. Visual observations on some anatomical features of tomatoes such as cuticle, placenta and pericarp were used to study rate and spoilage duration of tomatoes, while weight of the tomatoes at intervals and microbiological parameters were used in analyzing the effectiveness of the bio- products in reducing tomatoes spoilage rate. After 96 hours of study, the results showed significant (p<0.05) reduction in tomatoes spoilage rate in ginger oil assisted tomatoes compared to other bio-products and the control. Signs of pericarp wrinkle, cuticle deterioration and placenta damage were observed in the control from 24 hours. Similarly, significant reduction in tomatoes weight were observed in the control tomatoes which indicated spoilage. High fungal and bacterial count was also observed in the control tomatoes and the microbes observed showed some similarities with previously identified microbes that are associated with fruit spoilage and food poisoning. This research showed that ginger oil, garlic oil and lemon grass oil could be effective in reducing spoilage in freshly cut tomatoes, however future studies should be conducted to investigate the affectivity of other bio- products in reducing fruit spoilage.","PeriodicalId":404070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Technology & Nutrition Sciences","volume":"10 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139130104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.47363/jftns/2023(5)156
Chikezie Kennedy Kalu, Olani Bekele Sakilu
Objective: To measure, investigate, analyse variables and factors that influences water resources management as used in the agricultural sector, and how water management techniques, systems, decision making processes can be optimized for a more efficient and effective water-agriculture-food nexus. Methods: Using current and historical real world data from validated open source data stores; analysis was carried out on agricultural, socio-economic, demographic, geo-climatic, gender, wireless technological factors and variables; that influence available and needed water capacity for farming (Wc) in selected African Countries and Globally. The methodical and data-driven analyses were carried out using Analytics, Machine Learning and Wireless Cooperative Communications algorithms. Results: The available and needed water capacity for farming (Wc) was calculated and predicted using factors and independent variables of real world data that were shown to influence Wc, and that were statistically measured and analysed. Time based, qualitative, quantitative, predictive, simulative, clustering, statistical data analyses confirmed that available water resources, socio-economy, demography, agricultural factors, Gender diversity & inclusion, Climate Change and Wireless Communication technologies; can influence water availability and water management for agriculture. Conclusion: Modern data-driven, cost effective analytical processes can be used to productively analyse and develop strategies, processes, systems and technologies for innovative, efficient and effective water management for improved agricultural practices and a sustainable environment.
{"title":"Innovative Data-Driven Analysis of Water Management for Effective Agricultural Practices","authors":"Chikezie Kennedy Kalu, Olani Bekele Sakilu","doi":"10.47363/jftns/2023(5)156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jftns/2023(5)156","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To measure, investigate, analyse variables and factors that influences water resources management as used in the agricultural sector, and how water management techniques, systems, decision making processes can be optimized for a more efficient and effective water-agriculture-food nexus. Methods: Using current and historical real world data from validated open source data stores; analysis was carried out on agricultural, socio-economic, demographic, geo-climatic, gender, wireless technological factors and variables; that influence available and needed water capacity for farming (Wc) in selected African Countries and Globally. The methodical and data-driven analyses were carried out using Analytics, Machine Learning and Wireless Cooperative Communications algorithms. Results: The available and needed water capacity for farming (Wc) was calculated and predicted using factors and independent variables of real world data that were shown to influence Wc, and that were statistically measured and analysed. Time based, qualitative, quantitative, predictive, simulative, clustering, statistical data analyses confirmed that available water resources, socio-economy, demography, agricultural factors, Gender diversity & inclusion, Climate Change and Wireless Communication technologies; can influence water availability and water management for agriculture. Conclusion: Modern data-driven, cost effective analytical processes can be used to productively analyse and develop strategies, processes, systems and technologies for innovative, efficient and effective water management for improved agricultural practices and a sustainable environment.","PeriodicalId":404070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Technology & Nutrition Sciences","volume":"135 36","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120818796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.47363/jftns/2023(5)154
Siqi Liu, Jun Li
Based on the codon preference of Escherichia coli, the gene of lipase from Schizochytrium pombe was optimized and the codon adaptation index was 0.8 and the gene was expressed in Escherichia coli as a His-tag fusion protein using pET-30a as the expression vector. The recombinant strain with OD600 about 0.6 was induced with 1 mmol/L isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside at 30 °C for 12 h. The purified recombinant lipase STGL3 had a molecular mass of 32 kDa, and the purified lipase had a specific enzyme activity of 2.29 μmol/(min•mg), which was 2.3 times higher than before, and a protein content of 650.00 mg/L. The recombinant STGL3 showed the highest hydrolysis activity at 40 °C and pH 7.5, respectively. The effect of different metal ion concentrations on enzyme activity varied, lipase STGL3 was stable in the presence of Ca2+, while Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Fe2+ and EDTA had an inhibitory effects on lipase activity. Different types of surfactants and organic solvents inhibited the enzymatic activity of recombinant lipase to different extents. The recombinant lipases showed a preference towards pNP-esters with medium and longer acyl-chains. (C12, C14 and C16) and the recombinant lipases showed relatively weak lipase activity towards the shorter carbon chains. The kinetic constants of lipase were 0.29 mmol/L for Km, 2.28 mmol/(L•min-1 ) for Vmax, and 6.19 S-1 for Kcat. The present study not only achieved the expression and characterization of enzymatic properties of lipase from Leptosphaeria japonica, but also provided some basis for the study of enhancing the quality and quality of algal oil by means of genetic engineering, and further exploring the potential industrial applications of Leptosphaeria japonica lipase.
{"title":"Prokaryotic Expression and Enzymatic Properties of Lipase from Schizochytrium Pombe","authors":"Siqi Liu, Jun Li","doi":"10.47363/jftns/2023(5)154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jftns/2023(5)154","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the codon preference of Escherichia coli, the gene of lipase from Schizochytrium pombe was optimized and the codon adaptation index was 0.8 and the gene was expressed in Escherichia coli as a His-tag fusion protein using pET-30a as the expression vector. The recombinant strain with OD600 about 0.6 was induced with 1 mmol/L isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactoside at 30 °C for 12 h. The purified recombinant lipase STGL3 had a molecular mass of 32 kDa, and the purified lipase had a specific enzyme activity of 2.29 μmol/(min•mg), which was 2.3 times higher than before, and a protein content of 650.00 mg/L. The recombinant STGL3 showed the highest hydrolysis activity at 40 °C and pH 7.5, respectively. The effect of different metal ion concentrations on enzyme activity varied, lipase STGL3 was stable in the presence of Ca2+, while Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Fe2+ and EDTA had an inhibitory effects on lipase activity. Different types of surfactants and organic solvents inhibited the enzymatic activity of recombinant lipase to different extents. The recombinant lipases showed a preference towards pNP-esters with medium and longer acyl-chains. (C12, C14 and C16) and the recombinant lipases showed relatively weak lipase activity towards the shorter carbon chains. The kinetic constants of lipase were 0.29 mmol/L for Km, 2.28 mmol/(L•min-1 ) for Vmax, and 6.19 S-1 for Kcat. The present study not only achieved the expression and characterization of enzymatic properties of lipase from Leptosphaeria japonica, but also provided some basis for the study of enhancing the quality and quality of algal oil by means of genetic engineering, and further exploring the potential industrial applications of Leptosphaeria japonica lipase.","PeriodicalId":404070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Technology & Nutrition Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116806459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.47363/jftns/2023(5)155
mo ab, Anibeze Cip
Evaluation of learning and memory enhancing efficacy of ethanolic leaf extracts of vernonia amygdalina and cymbopogon citratus was studied in alloxaninduced diabetic mice to scientifically validate its usefulness traditionally. Upon induction and confirmation of diabetes using alloxan monohydrate, forty mice were randomly divided into 8 groups of 5 mice each and treated with low and high doses of the extracts (400 and 800mg/kg). Metformin, a standard antidiabetic drug was used as a reference agent and given to group 8. Results revealed that diabetes induced memory impairment in neurobehavioural assessment and histomorphological examination of the hippocampus. However, administration of ethanolic leaf extracts of vernonia amygdalina and cymbopogon citratus reveals its neuroprotective potential by ameliorating the histological alterations in the hippocampus (CA1 region) relative to the control and attenuating the learning and memory impairments when compared with the control. Findings from this study suggests the ethanolic leaf extracts of vernonia amygdalina and cymbopogon citratus are potentially efficacious in attenuating diabetes induced memory deficit and alterations in the hippocampus of mice and could be utilized for the treatment and management of diabetes and dementia.
{"title":"Neuroprotective Effect of Ethanolic Leaf Extracts of Vernonia Amygdalina and Cymbopogon Citratus on Diabetes Induced Cognitive Impairments in Mice","authors":"mo ab, Anibeze Cip","doi":"10.47363/jftns/2023(5)155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jftns/2023(5)155","url":null,"abstract":"Evaluation of learning and memory enhancing efficacy of ethanolic leaf extracts of vernonia amygdalina and cymbopogon citratus was studied in alloxaninduced diabetic mice to scientifically validate its usefulness traditionally. Upon induction and confirmation of diabetes using alloxan monohydrate, forty mice were randomly divided into 8 groups of 5 mice each and treated with low and high doses of the extracts (400 and 800mg/kg). Metformin, a standard antidiabetic drug was used as a reference agent and given to group 8. Results revealed that diabetes induced memory impairment in neurobehavioural assessment and histomorphological examination of the hippocampus. However, administration of ethanolic leaf extracts of vernonia amygdalina and cymbopogon citratus reveals its neuroprotective potential by ameliorating the histological alterations in the hippocampus (CA1 region) relative to the control and attenuating the learning and memory impairments when compared with the control. Findings from this study suggests the ethanolic leaf extracts of vernonia amygdalina and cymbopogon citratus are potentially efficacious in attenuating diabetes induced memory deficit and alterations in the hippocampus of mice and could be utilized for the treatment and management of diabetes and dementia.","PeriodicalId":404070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Technology & Nutrition Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134072605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.47363/jftns/2022(4)153
V. Jha, Saloni Rasal, Agraj Bhargava, Pallavi Jadhav, ,. R. Ansari, Aishwarya Marath, Leena Jagtap, F. Khan, Abhishek Kumar, Badal Saiya
Antibiotic resistance has reduced the value of synthetic drugs, offering up possibilities for the development of new substitutes with significant potential to benefit their host. Probiotics are living microbes that restore the microbiome in the gut. The main purpose of this research is to explore the probiotic potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria and its mutant strains. LAB was isolated from a variety of fermented foods. They were first examined for cultural, microscopic, and biochemical properties. The four probiotic LAB isolates were identified to the strain level using 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons. The tolerance of these strains to pH, NaCl, and phenol was used to establish their safety. In vitro testing for probiotic potential comprised survival under simulated GI tract conditions and antimicrobial activity. Lastly exposure to U.V. for varied periods for strain improvement. The isolates were screened as Limosilactobacillus fermentum (LAB01), Lactobacillus acidophilus (LAB02), Lactobacillus paracasei (LAB03) and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus (LAB04). Mutated strains were resistant to a wide spectrum of antibiotics, whereas most strains were only tolerant to limited antibiotics. The correlation between gut flora and health is exciting since it opens new avenues for research. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that LAB is a potent probiotic
{"title":"Random UV-Mutagenesis of Lactobacillus Species for the Generation of a Mutant with Better Probiotic Potential","authors":"V. Jha, Saloni Rasal, Agraj Bhargava, Pallavi Jadhav, ,. R. Ansari, Aishwarya Marath, Leena Jagtap, F. Khan, Abhishek Kumar, Badal Saiya","doi":"10.47363/jftns/2022(4)153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jftns/2022(4)153","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic resistance has reduced the value of synthetic drugs, offering up possibilities for the development of new substitutes with significant potential to benefit their host. Probiotics are living microbes that restore the microbiome in the gut. The main purpose of this research is to explore the probiotic potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria and its mutant strains. LAB was isolated from a variety of fermented foods. They were first examined for cultural, microscopic, and biochemical properties. The four probiotic LAB isolates were identified to the strain level using 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons. The tolerance of these strains to pH, NaCl, and phenol was used to establish their safety. In vitro testing for probiotic potential comprised survival under simulated GI tract conditions and antimicrobial activity. Lastly exposure to U.V. for varied periods for strain improvement. The isolates were screened as Limosilactobacillus fermentum (LAB01), Lactobacillus acidophilus (LAB02), Lactobacillus paracasei (LAB03) and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus (LAB04). Mutated strains were resistant to a wide spectrum of antibiotics, whereas most strains were only tolerant to limited antibiotics. The correlation between gut flora and health is exciting since it opens new avenues for research. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that LAB is a potent probiotic","PeriodicalId":404070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Technology & Nutrition Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129052211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.47363/jftns/2022(4)152
Lina Hassaballa, Asaad Alsiddig
This work is an attempt to make a taxonomic study on some aromatic plants in Tehama area, Al-Baha region Saudi Arabia. It includes a brief description on climate, topography and geology of the study area. The total number of species identified were (4) species depending on their differences in vegetative, floral and fruit characteristics. Scientific classification of each species is provided. Botanical description with notes on habitats and distribution were determined for all of the four species. Medicinal properties and local uses for some species were included. All identified species have been illustrated by photos in their habitats. Botanical names, synonyms were updated and vernacular names (Local names) have been presented. The study revealed that all species have a great ecological, economic and medicinal importance and require more comprehensive studies to conserve them. The study aims to: 1- Determine the distribution and habits of the species of Aromatic plants. 2- Provide medicinal properties and local uses of Aromatic plants and species. The method was recorded due to Dr. Jacob Thomas, Herbarium Dept., College of Science, King Saud University. The four selected aromatic plant species resulted essential oils, antioxidant activities and volatile oils. Technical methods such as Gas Chromatography (GC) were used to identify the components. The authors recommend accurate techniques such as DNA fingerprinting to identify these species as they are considered to be a native heritage for their country
{"title":"Bio-Taxonomic Study Based on Selected Aromatic Plants Species Related to Different Plant Families as Raw Material","authors":"Lina Hassaballa, Asaad Alsiddig","doi":"10.47363/jftns/2022(4)152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jftns/2022(4)152","url":null,"abstract":"This work is an attempt to make a taxonomic study on some aromatic plants in Tehama area, Al-Baha region Saudi Arabia. It includes a brief description on climate, topography and geology of the study area. The total number of species identified were (4) species depending on their differences in vegetative, floral and fruit characteristics. Scientific classification of each species is provided. Botanical description with notes on habitats and distribution were determined for all of the four species. Medicinal properties and local uses for some species were included. All identified species have been illustrated by photos in their habitats. Botanical names, synonyms were updated and vernacular names (Local names) have been presented. The study revealed that all species have a great ecological, economic and medicinal importance and require more comprehensive studies to conserve them. The study aims to: 1- Determine the distribution and habits of the species of Aromatic plants. 2- Provide medicinal properties and local uses of Aromatic plants and species. The method was recorded due to Dr. Jacob Thomas, Herbarium Dept., College of Science, King Saud University. The four selected aromatic plant species resulted essential oils, antioxidant activities and volatile oils. Technical methods such as Gas Chromatography (GC) were used to identify the components. The authors recommend accurate techniques such as DNA fingerprinting to identify these species as they are considered to be a native heritage for their country","PeriodicalId":404070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Technology & Nutrition Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128998506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-31DOI: 10.47363/jftns/2022(4)151
Duygu Kübra Tuna, Hande Demirtaş
Objective: Acinetobacter species lead to extremely serious infections, particularly in hospitalized patients, and in patients with impaired host defense. The high rates of resistance against several antibiotics detected in recent years have created serious issues in treatments of different diseases. We aimed to examine antibiotic resistance profiles of Acinetobacter species isolated from patients who are treated as outpatients in polyclinics or hospitalized in services or intensive care units (ICU), against various antimicrobial therapies. Materials and Methods: Antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter strains isolated from 533 clinical samples collected between 2017-2021 years in Bandırma State Hospital Clinical Microbiology Laboratory were evaluated retrospectively. The identification of isolates and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by BD Phoenix (Becton Dickinson, USA) automated system. Results: Most of Acinetobacter strains were isolated from respiratory secretions (32.5%) and from urine (24.4%). Of species, 63.8% were Acinetobacter baumannii, 34.9% Acinetobacter baumannii complex, 1.1% other Acinetobacter spp., 0.2% Acinetobacter lwoffii. Resistance rates to antibiotics were found as following: ciprofloxacin 91.1%, meropenem 91.3%, imipenem 89.2%, gentamicin 82.5%, trimethoprim-sulfamethaxasol 78.6%, amikacin 66.3% (highest in 2020), aztreonam 99.0% (significantly decreased in 2020), ceftriaxone 100%, ampicillin 100%, amoxicillin-clavulanate 100%, ertapenemicin 100%, cefuroxime 100%, netilmicin 62.5%, nitrofurantion 100%, colistin 4.7% and levofloxacin 87.1%. The samples collected from patients hospitalized in service and ICU were found more resistant against Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Meropenem, Imipenem, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Gentamicin and Amikacin (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Colistin resistance against Acinetobacter infections was observed to be low, hence colistin could be utilized in treatments. Infection control measures have to be taken in services and ICU, and rational antibiotic use policies should be applied so as to prevent the spread of infection
{"title":"The Antibiotic Resistance Rates in Multidrug Resistant Acinetobacter Isolates from Microbiological Culture Samples of Adult Patients in Turkey: A Retrospective Study","authors":"Duygu Kübra Tuna, Hande Demirtaş","doi":"10.47363/jftns/2022(4)151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jftns/2022(4)151","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Acinetobacter species lead to extremely serious infections, particularly in hospitalized patients, and in patients with impaired host defense. The high rates of resistance against several antibiotics detected in recent years have created serious issues in treatments of different diseases. We aimed to examine antibiotic resistance profiles of Acinetobacter species isolated from patients who are treated as outpatients in polyclinics or hospitalized in services or intensive care units (ICU), against various antimicrobial therapies. Materials and Methods: Antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter strains isolated from 533 clinical samples collected between 2017-2021 years in Bandırma State Hospital Clinical Microbiology Laboratory were evaluated retrospectively. The identification of isolates and antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed by BD Phoenix (Becton Dickinson, USA) automated system. Results: Most of Acinetobacter strains were isolated from respiratory secretions (32.5%) and from urine (24.4%). Of species, 63.8% were Acinetobacter baumannii, 34.9% Acinetobacter baumannii complex, 1.1% other Acinetobacter spp., 0.2% Acinetobacter lwoffii. Resistance rates to antibiotics were found as following: ciprofloxacin 91.1%, meropenem 91.3%, imipenem 89.2%, gentamicin 82.5%, trimethoprim-sulfamethaxasol 78.6%, amikacin 66.3% (highest in 2020), aztreonam 99.0% (significantly decreased in 2020), ceftriaxone 100%, ampicillin 100%, amoxicillin-clavulanate 100%, ertapenemicin 100%, cefuroxime 100%, netilmicin 62.5%, nitrofurantion 100%, colistin 4.7% and levofloxacin 87.1%. The samples collected from patients hospitalized in service and ICU were found more resistant against Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Meropenem, Imipenem, Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole, Gentamicin and Amikacin (P<0.0001). Conclusion: Colistin resistance against Acinetobacter infections was observed to be low, hence colistin could be utilized in treatments. Infection control measures have to be taken in services and ICU, and rational antibiotic use policies should be applied so as to prevent the spread of infection","PeriodicalId":404070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Technology & Nutrition Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125882459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-31DOI: 10.47363/jftns/2022(4)150
C. N. Luwesi
Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) has been designed as a foresight process for world leaders to solve communities’ issues dealing with water uncertainty in agriculture, food and nutrition as well as other related industries. That is why a Global Water Partnership (GWP) was initiated in 1992 by the United Nations to develop water and place it to the center of the political and economic concerns of the member States with an aim to mobilize resources that are necessary to manage water rationally. A focus was put on more than two billion poor people living without access to adequate potable drinking water, among whom more than three-quarters (¾) of the African populations living in poor areas and unurbanized cities. Predictions show that by the 2050, most of this population will be living in African megacities. This will be amplifying the “3As” of water issues: Water Availability, Accessibility and Affordability. Solving this major crisis in prospect requires foresight, both as a process and an analytical tool to address these key issues in the course of climate change. As a process, foresight involves consultation among stakeholders to ensure socio-political, economic, agro-natural and engineering technological solutions to “Develop and Avail Water to All! “. This process, would later require an evaluation of the feedbacks to and from these proposed solutions and their tools. These may include among other strategies and legislations for water policies; innovative techniques for irrigation (production, storage, transport and distribution of water) and hydro-power generation; Payments for water ecosystems services (PWES); and various management operating systems for risk control and mitigation at the watershed and community levels. However, the uncoordinated efforts of scientists working the climate adaptation, mitigation and amelioration spheres have generated another threat, that of climate intervention in the form of solar Geoengineering. African leaders, thus need foresight to check closely opportunities and dangers arising from these technologies. They require a neutral organization having to conduct rigorous socio-economic and environmental impacts assessments prior to embracing these technologies. That is the only way they may ensure a climatic justice to peasants and farmers so that they can leave a legacy in the agriculture, food and nutrition niche for the next generations
{"title":"Foresight in Agriculture, Food and Nutrition for Planning Freshwater in the Course of Climate Change in Africa","authors":"C. N. Luwesi","doi":"10.47363/jftns/2022(4)150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jftns/2022(4)150","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) has been designed as a foresight process for world leaders to solve communities’ issues dealing with water uncertainty in agriculture, food and nutrition as well as other related industries. That is why a Global Water Partnership (GWP) was initiated in 1992 by the United Nations to develop water and place it to the center of the political and economic concerns of the member States with an aim to mobilize resources that are necessary to manage water rationally. A focus was put on more than two billion poor people living without access to adequate potable drinking water, among whom more than three-quarters (¾) of the African populations living in poor areas and unurbanized cities. Predictions show that by the 2050, most of this population will be living in African megacities. This will be amplifying the “3As” of water issues: Water Availability, Accessibility and Affordability. Solving this major crisis in prospect requires foresight, both as a process and an analytical tool to address these key issues in the course of climate change. As a process, foresight involves consultation among stakeholders to ensure socio-political, economic, agro-natural and engineering technological solutions to “Develop and Avail Water to All! “. This process, would later require an evaluation of the feedbacks to and from these proposed solutions and their tools. These may include among other strategies and legislations for water policies; innovative techniques for irrigation (production, storage, transport and distribution of water) and hydro-power generation; Payments for water ecosystems services (PWES); and various management operating systems for risk control and mitigation at the watershed and community levels. However, the uncoordinated efforts of scientists working the climate adaptation, mitigation and amelioration spheres have generated another threat, that of climate intervention in the form of solar Geoengineering. African leaders, thus need foresight to check closely opportunities and dangers arising from these technologies. They require a neutral organization having to conduct rigorous socio-economic and environmental impacts assessments prior to embracing these technologies. That is the only way they may ensure a climatic justice to peasants and farmers so that they can leave a legacy in the agriculture, food and nutrition niche for the next generations","PeriodicalId":404070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Technology & Nutrition Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128562753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47363/jftns/2022(4)146
Ghulam Zakir-Hassan, F. Hassan, S. Akhtar, S. A. Rizvi, G. Shabir, Muhammad Ali Hassan Khan
Faisalabad is the 3rd largest city of Pakistan where underlying aquifer mostly contains saline water. Heavy population of the city needs huge quantity of fresh water. Water requirements for the existing Faisalabad city are being met by installation of well-fields along Jhang Branch canal, where groundwater is fresh. The increasing population pressure requires more water and identify more suitable sites for installation of well-field on sustainable basis. It was deemed imperative to elevate the existing well field. The MODFLOW, a numerical groundwater model developed by United States Geological Survey (USGS) for simulation and future prediction of aquifer behavior in response to pumping by various well fields was developed, calibrated and validated satisfactorily. A groundwater decomposition approach was also developed to tune various coefficients used in estimation of inflow and outflow components of groundwater system. The calibrated model was used to predict the future response of aquifer under different scenarios of pumping by existing and future/proposed wellfields. Calibrated flow model revealed that a sink has already been developed at the center of existing well-field of Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA) due to excessive pumpage. Future predictions of model indicate that there is no conspicuous change in regional groundwater flow pattern, even with all the existing tubewells remain in operation. However, the sink in the WASA well field area further deepens, and flow gradients become comparatively steep showing increase in groundwater flow velocity. Depth to watertable has already increased from 12 m in 2005 to 16 m in 2011 in the critical area of WASA well field. Model has predicted that this depth will further increase to 24 m in 2018. It has also been observed that groundwater quality along the river is fresh and becomes saline towards Faisalabad city. Due to pumpage in the freshwater zone model predicts that saline water will rush towards well fields deteriorating the quality of fresh water along Jhang Branch Canal. Therefore, it has been suggested that site for further pumping should be moved towards upstream of Jhang Branch Canal at least up to RD 180-187 and possibly on right side of the canal instead of left side
{"title":"Groundwater Modeling: A Tool for Groundwater Management to Support Urban Water Supply and Food Security","authors":"Ghulam Zakir-Hassan, F. Hassan, S. Akhtar, S. A. Rizvi, G. Shabir, Muhammad Ali Hassan Khan","doi":"10.47363/jftns/2022(4)146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jftns/2022(4)146","url":null,"abstract":"Faisalabad is the 3rd largest city of Pakistan where underlying aquifer mostly contains saline water. Heavy population of the city needs huge quantity of fresh water. Water requirements for the existing Faisalabad city are being met by installation of well-fields along Jhang Branch canal, where groundwater is fresh. The increasing population pressure requires more water and identify more suitable sites for installation of well-field on sustainable basis. It was deemed imperative to elevate the existing well field. The MODFLOW, a numerical groundwater model developed by United States Geological Survey (USGS) for simulation and future prediction of aquifer behavior in response to pumping by various well fields was developed, calibrated and validated satisfactorily. A groundwater decomposition approach was also developed to tune various coefficients used in estimation of inflow and outflow components of groundwater system. The calibrated model was used to predict the future response of aquifer under different scenarios of pumping by existing and future/proposed wellfields. Calibrated flow model revealed that a sink has already been developed at the center of existing well-field of Water and Sanitation Agency (WASA) due to excessive pumpage. Future predictions of model indicate that there is no conspicuous change in regional groundwater flow pattern, even with all the existing tubewells remain in operation. However, the sink in the WASA well field area further deepens, and flow gradients become comparatively steep showing increase in groundwater flow velocity. Depth to watertable has already increased from 12 m in 2005 to 16 m in 2011 in the critical area of WASA well field. Model has predicted that this depth will further increase to 24 m in 2018. It has also been observed that groundwater quality along the river is fresh and becomes saline towards Faisalabad city. Due to pumpage in the freshwater zone model predicts that saline water will rush towards well fields deteriorating the quality of fresh water along Jhang Branch Canal. Therefore, it has been suggested that site for further pumping should be moved towards upstream of Jhang Branch Canal at least up to RD 180-187 and possibly on right side of the canal instead of left side","PeriodicalId":404070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Technology & Nutrition Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134315587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.47363/jftns/2022(4)149
Golda Sahaya Rani R
According to World Health Organization (WHO) over 200 million people worldwide are affected As per Indian census population above 50yrs, there is an estimate that 20% of women and 10-15% men are osteoporosis. The key factor to avoid severe effects from osteoporosis is prevention. The main objectives of the study was to assess and compare the knowledge of postmenopausal women regarding prevention of Osteoporosis.Pre experimental one group pretest posttest design was used. The study was conducted at Deepam Hospital, Chennai.30 Female were selected using convenient sampling. Structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of postmenopausal women regarding prevention of osteoporosis. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study. It is evident from the data present was significant difference between the overall pre and posttest which implies gain in knowledge level about osteoporosis among Postmenopausal women. The total mean score in pre-test knowledge was 11.733 and total mean score in post test knowledge was 16.4. The mean difference (-4.667) between total pre and post knowledge shows a true difference. Since the calculated‘t’ value (18.95) was greater than the table value. The research hypothesis was accepted at 0.001 level of significance. Instructional module is an effective strategy in enhancing knowledge improving practices of postmenopausal women regarding prevention of osteoporosis
根据世界卫生组织(WHO)的数据，全球有超过2亿人受到影响。根据印度50岁以上人口普查，估计有20%的女性和10-15%的男性患有骨质疏松症。预防是避免骨质疏松严重影响的关键因素。本研究的主要目的是评估和比较绝经后妇女预防骨质疏松的知识。实验前一组采用前测后测设计。本研究在金奈的Deepam医院进行，采用方便抽样的方法选择30名女性。采用结构化知识问卷对绝经后妇女预防骨质疏松的知识进行评估。采用描述性统计和推断性统计对数据进行分析。研究的结果。从目前的数据可以明显看出，在测试前和测试后的总体差异，这意味着绝经后妇女对骨质疏松症的认识水平有所提高。前测知识总均分为11.733分，后测知识总均分为16.4分。总前后知识之间的平均差异(-4.667)显示出真正的差异。由于计算得到的' t '值(18.95)大于表值。研究假设在0.001显著性水平上被接受。教学模块是提高绝经后妇女预防骨质疏松的知识和实践的有效策略
{"title":"Effect of Structured Instructional Module Regarding Osteoporosis on Knowledge among Postmenopausal Women in Selected Hospital","authors":"Golda Sahaya Rani R","doi":"10.47363/jftns/2022(4)149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jftns/2022(4)149","url":null,"abstract":"According to World Health Organization (WHO) over 200 million people worldwide are affected As per Indian census population above 50yrs, there is an estimate that 20% of women and 10-15% men are osteoporosis. The key factor to avoid severe effects from osteoporosis is prevention. The main objectives of the study was to assess and compare the knowledge of postmenopausal women regarding prevention of Osteoporosis.Pre experimental one group pretest posttest design was used. The study was conducted at Deepam Hospital, Chennai.30 Female were selected using convenient sampling. Structured knowledge questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge of postmenopausal women regarding prevention of osteoporosis. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The findings of the study. It is evident from the data present was significant difference between the overall pre and posttest which implies gain in knowledge level about osteoporosis among Postmenopausal women. The total mean score in pre-test knowledge was 11.733 and total mean score in post test knowledge was 16.4. The mean difference (-4.667) between total pre and post knowledge shows a true difference. Since the calculated‘t’ value (18.95) was greater than the table value. The research hypothesis was accepted at 0.001 level of significance. Instructional module is an effective strategy in enhancing knowledge improving practices of postmenopausal women regarding prevention of osteoporosis","PeriodicalId":404070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Food Technology & Nutrition Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130123326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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