Afeez Adeshina Suleiman, R. Akinokun, Damilare Jonathan Arowolo, Elisha Oluwatobi Olabisi, E. Adesuyi, Omowunmi Ajiboye, Aduragbemi Oluwapelumi Ogunleye, O. Akingbade
Background: Nursing internship affords graduate nurses the opportunity to sharpen their clinical knowledge and skills. However, its contribution to nursing practice in Nigeria is unknown. The study assessed the perceived impact of graduate nurses' internship on nursing practice in Nigeria. Method: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 161 purposively selected intern nurses. Data collected with a structured questionnaire were sorted, cleaned, and coded before entry into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 for analysis. Descriptive data were presented in tables and figures, while the Chi-square test was used to ascertain the relationship between variables under study. Results: More than half of the respondents 91(56.5%), were in southwestern Nigeria for their internship, and most of them 131 (81.4%), were in tertiary health facilities. The respondents perceived that the internship programme allowed them apply classroom learning to actual practice and gave them a wide range of clinical experiences. About 97(60.2%) of the respondents were satisfied with the internship program, while 113(70.2%) were unsatisfied with their remuneration. Findings also showed an increase in the competency level of the interns in certain nursing procedures during the internship program. The major challenge faced by 97(60.2%) of the respondents was remuneration problems. Hypothesis revealed that a significant difference exists between the level of satisfaction of intern nurses across various geopolitical zones at p<0.05. There is no significant relationship between the region and facility of internship and the competency of the respondents at p<0.05. Conclusion: Nurse-interns perceived an improvement in their clinical competencies and their self-confidence after the programme. This speaks volumes of the impact of the internship program on their skill set. However, this could be better as the participants could not perform some tasks. Therefore, actions to improve and sustain the continuation of the internship programme should be prioritized.
{"title":"Perceived impact of graduate nurses’ internship program on nursing practice in Nigeria","authors":"Afeez Adeshina Suleiman, R. Akinokun, Damilare Jonathan Arowolo, Elisha Oluwatobi Olabisi, E. Adesuyi, Omowunmi Ajiboye, Aduragbemi Oluwapelumi Ogunleye, O. Akingbade","doi":"10.47787/pasj.v3i04.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47787/pasj.v3i04.51","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nursing internship affords graduate nurses the opportunity to sharpen their clinical knowledge and skills. However, its contribution to nursing practice in Nigeria is unknown. The study assessed the perceived impact of graduate nurses' internship on nursing practice in Nigeria. Method: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 161 purposively selected intern nurses. Data collected with a structured questionnaire were sorted, cleaned, and coded before entry into Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 for analysis. Descriptive data were presented in tables and figures, while the Chi-square test was used to ascertain the relationship between variables under study. Results: More than half of the respondents 91(56.5%), were in southwestern Nigeria for their internship, and most of them 131 (81.4%), were in tertiary health facilities. The respondents perceived that the internship programme allowed them apply classroom learning to actual practice and gave them a wide range of clinical experiences. About 97(60.2%) of the respondents were satisfied with the internship program, while 113(70.2%) were unsatisfied with their remuneration. Findings also showed an increase in the competency level of the interns in certain nursing procedures during the internship program. The major challenge faced by 97(60.2%) of the respondents was remuneration problems. Hypothesis revealed that a significant difference exists between the level of satisfaction of intern nurses across various geopolitical zones at p<0.05. There is no significant relationship between the region and facility of internship and the competency of the respondents at p<0.05. Conclusion: Nurse-interns perceived an improvement in their clinical competencies and their self-confidence after the programme. This speaks volumes of the impact of the internship program on their skill set. However, this could be better as the participants could not perform some tasks. Therefore, actions to improve and sustain the continuation of the internship programme should be prioritized.","PeriodicalId":405253,"journal":{"name":"Pan Africa Science Journal","volume":"54 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chioma J Eze, Victoria O. Faremi, Yetunde O. Amoo, Joy C. Obialor, Blessing O. Obialor, Happiness A. Eze, Christiana D. Marindoti, O. Akingbade
Introduction: Menstruation is a crucial aspect of the monthly expected events in the life of a female starting at puberty. It is expected that females who have attained menarche, maintain a level of hygiene, but it is somewhat difficult in most low and middle-income countries due to many factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and factors impacting menstrual hygiene practices among Nigerian adolescent girls. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted, data was collected among 315 secondary school students in Umuahia, Abia State using a closed-ended questionnaire. Collected data was analysed using descriptive statistics. Relationship between practice of menstrual hygiene management and the adolescent girls’ knowledge about menstruation was assessed using linear regression model and t-test at p <0.05 level of significance. Results: The majority of the respondents (67.3%) are between age 11 and 15 (mean age; 14.34±3.8). Above average (58.7 %) had good knowledge about menstrual hygiene management, and the majority (83.8% and 94.6%) learnt about menstruation and menstrual hygiene management from parents and teachings in school respectively. Age at menarche was significantly associated with knowledge about menstruation at p= 0.011. However, age at menarche and knowledge about menstruation were not significantly associated with the menstrual hygiene management. Non-availability of menstrual materials and facilities for proper waste disposal were some factors affecting proper menstrual hygiene management. Conclusion: Knowledge about proper menstrual hygiene management still requires urgent attention among adolescent girls due to the inadequate knowledge found among over one-third of the study participants. Ultimately, the provision of menstrual materials should be considered a priority for adolescent girls and they should be able to practice menstrual hygiene without problems of non-availability of menstrual materials. Facilities for proper disposal of waste should be made available in schools.
{"title":"Menstrual hygiene management among Nigerian adolescent girls: Knowledge and associated factors","authors":"Chioma J Eze, Victoria O. Faremi, Yetunde O. Amoo, Joy C. Obialor, Blessing O. Obialor, Happiness A. Eze, Christiana D. Marindoti, O. Akingbade","doi":"10.47787/pasj.v3i04.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47787/pasj.v3i04.57","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Menstruation is a crucial aspect of the monthly expected events in the life of a female starting at puberty. It is expected that females who have attained menarche, maintain a level of hygiene, but it is somewhat difficult in most low and middle-income countries due to many factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and factors impacting menstrual hygiene practices among Nigerian adolescent girls. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted, data was collected among 315 secondary school students in Umuahia, Abia State using a closed-ended questionnaire. Collected data was analysed using descriptive statistics. Relationship between practice of menstrual hygiene management and the adolescent girls’ knowledge about menstruation was assessed using linear regression model and t-test at p <0.05 level of significance. Results: The majority of the respondents (67.3%) are between age 11 and 15 (mean age; 14.34±3.8). Above average (58.7 %) had good knowledge about menstrual hygiene management, and the majority (83.8% and 94.6%) learnt about menstruation and menstrual hygiene management from parents and teachings in school respectively. Age at menarche was significantly associated with knowledge about menstruation at p= 0.011. However, age at menarche and knowledge about menstruation were not significantly associated with the menstrual hygiene management. Non-availability of menstrual materials and facilities for proper waste disposal were some factors affecting proper menstrual hygiene management. Conclusion: Knowledge about proper menstrual hygiene management still requires urgent attention among adolescent girls due to the inadequate knowledge found among over one-third of the study participants. Ultimately, the provision of menstrual materials should be considered a priority for adolescent girls and they should be able to practice menstrual hygiene without problems of non-availability of menstrual materials. Facilities for proper disposal of waste should be made available in schools.","PeriodicalId":405253,"journal":{"name":"Pan Africa Science Journal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139272620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. O. Josiah, Chinelo C. Uzor, Brontie A. Duncan, Emmanuel Chukwunwike Enebeli, Ndidi Louis Otoboyor
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted various aspects of human life worldwide, causing economic and social hardships, and claiming millions of lives. To combat the virus, several efforts have been made to develop and distribute effective vaccines. This paper examines some of the literature on the performance and safety of different COVID-19 vaccines, the views and opinions of people about the vaccines, and the factors that influence such views and behaviors. Methods: Two major databases (PubMed and Epistemonikos) were checked using search expansion mechanisms and several search strings. After the title, abstract, and full-text analysis, 19 studies were selected for review. Results: The seven different vaccines studied all have supporting data on their efficacy in the reduction of COVID-19 cases, prevention of hospitalization after infection, and reduction in the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients. There was high hesitancy about the COVID-19 vaccine, and the perceived efficacy and safety of the vaccines are less than recorded in clinical data. Distrust of the vaccines, their manufacturers and different institutions and governments, personal beliefs and feelings, age, gender, education, and socioeconomic status was identified factors affecting behaviors towards the COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusion: Several articles support the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, but general awareness and conception about them vary, including hesitancy, distrust, and some acceptance. Many factors affected the perception and attitude of people toward these vaccines. More clinical data on the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines should be generated to help boost confidence among users.
{"title":"Efficacy, Safety, And Public Attitude Towards Covid 19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review","authors":"B. O. Josiah, Chinelo C. Uzor, Brontie A. Duncan, Emmanuel Chukwunwike Enebeli, Ndidi Louis Otoboyor","doi":"10.47787/pasj.v3i04.56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47787/pasj.v3i04.56","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted various aspects of human life worldwide, causing economic and social hardships, and claiming millions of lives. To combat the virus, several efforts have been made to develop and distribute effective vaccines. This paper examines some of the literature on the performance and safety of different COVID-19 vaccines, the views and opinions of people about the vaccines, and the factors that influence such views and behaviors. Methods: Two major databases (PubMed and Epistemonikos) were checked using search expansion mechanisms and several search strings. After the title, abstract, and full-text analysis, 19 studies were selected for review. Results: The seven different vaccines studied all have supporting data on their efficacy in the reduction of COVID-19 cases, prevention of hospitalization after infection, and reduction in the mortality rate of COVID-19 patients. There was high hesitancy about the COVID-19 vaccine, and the perceived efficacy and safety of the vaccines are less than recorded in clinical data. Distrust of the vaccines, their manufacturers and different institutions and governments, personal beliefs and feelings, age, gender, education, and socioeconomic status was identified factors affecting behaviors towards the COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusion: Several articles support the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, but general awareness and conception about them vary, including hesitancy, distrust, and some acceptance. Many factors affected the perception and attitude of people toward these vaccines. More clinical data on the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines should be generated to help boost confidence among users.","PeriodicalId":405253,"journal":{"name":"Pan Africa Science Journal","volume":"22 9-10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: At the end of 2020, there were reportedly 37.7 million HIV-positive individuals. HIV testing has been marketed as a crucial first step method to diagnose, treat, and prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It is the cornerstone of all HIV prevention initiatives. The study's main aim was to ascertain the degree of HIV and HIV VCT (voluntary counselling and testing) awareness among women in Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, as well as their attitudes towards HIV VCT and the rate at which they adopted the treatment. Method: This study employed a descriptive study design aimed at assessing the perception and uptake of HIV VCT among women residing in Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, Oyo state. The total population of the women was 410. The sample size was determined using the Taro Yamane formula and the sample size was 220 women which was allocated proportionally to each primary health care center. The research instrument used for the study is a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The results showed that more than 75% of respondents had good understanding of HIV and HIV VCT, and that 65% had positive perceptions of HIV VCT. The study found that there is no significant association between women's level of education and their level of knowledge on HIV and HIV VCT and conclude that there is no significant association between women's perception of HIV and HIV VCT and HIV VCT uptake. Conclusion: In conclusion, the result revealed like other related studies that the attitude of women in Akinyele local government towards HIV Voluntary Counselling and Testing is just a little above average which means quite a number of the respondents are still not willing to take HIV VCT. Hence, the women need more sensitization on the importance and benefits of HIV VCT.
{"title":"Perception and Uptake of HIV/AIDS Voluntary Counselling and Testing Among Women in Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan.","authors":"Onakoya Tolulope Mariam, C. Ndikom","doi":"10.47787/pasj.v3i04.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47787/pasj.v3i04.58","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: At the end of 2020, there were reportedly 37.7 million HIV-positive individuals. HIV testing has been marketed as a crucial first step method to diagnose, treat, and prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. It is the cornerstone of all HIV prevention initiatives. The study's main aim was to ascertain the degree of HIV and HIV VCT (voluntary counselling and testing) awareness among women in Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, as well as their attitudes towards HIV VCT and the rate at which they adopted the treatment. Method: This study employed a descriptive study design aimed at assessing the perception and uptake of HIV VCT among women residing in Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, Oyo state. The total population of the women was 410. The sample size was determined using the Taro Yamane formula and the sample size was 220 women which was allocated proportionally to each primary health care center. The research instrument used for the study is a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The results showed that more than 75% of respondents had good understanding of HIV and HIV VCT, and that 65% had positive perceptions of HIV VCT. The study found that there is no significant association between women's level of education and their level of knowledge on HIV and HIV VCT and conclude that there is no significant association between women's perception of HIV and HIV VCT and HIV VCT uptake. Conclusion: In conclusion, the result revealed like other related studies that the attitude of women in Akinyele local government towards HIV Voluntary Counselling and Testing is just a little above average which means quite a number of the respondents are still not willing to take HIV VCT. Hence, the women need more sensitization on the importance and benefits of HIV VCT.","PeriodicalId":405253,"journal":{"name":"Pan Africa Science Journal","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Family collaboration is the interactive coordination between family members aimed towards achieving a common goal and putting individual differences aside. The collaboration received from the family makes the pregnant woman feel valued. However, family members have been identified as not collaborating in meeting basic needs of the pregnant woman. They have been found to maltreat pregnant women, by giving them chronic house-hold chores, depriving them of food and blocking access to health care. The study creates awareness on involvement of family in caring for the pregnant woman. The educational pamphlet developed, serves as educational resource on usefulness of family collaboration during pregnancy. Objectives: To explore family collaboration during pregnancy from the perspectives of family members of pregnant women, as well as also to develop an educational pamphlet from the findings to enhance family collaboration. Method: Qualitative research, using open-ended questionnaire. Fourteen family members participated, until data became saturated. Content analysis method by Erlingsson and Brysiewicz, was used in analyzing data, as this is well suited for qualitative analysis. Questionnaires were read thoroughly, and texts were formed into meaning units, these were concisely condensed while retaining the core meaning, the units were labeled by formulating codes. Codes related were formulated into Categories. The categories formed the themes of the pamphlet. Result: The findings are presented in form of a pamphlet that has been attached as a download to this article (refer to Download pamphlet). Conclusion: The study described perceptions of family members on family collaboration, through the categories that emerged from the findings and the pamphlet highlight ways that family can support a pregnant member during pregnancy.
{"title":"Perceptions of family members on family collaboration during pregnancy","authors":"Gloria L. Musa, Ali Umar, Dlama Zira Joseph","doi":"10.47787/pasj.v3i04.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47787/pasj.v3i04.54","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Family collaboration is the interactive coordination between family members aimed towards achieving a common goal and putting individual differences aside. The collaboration received from the family makes the pregnant woman feel valued. However, family members have been identified as not collaborating in meeting basic needs of the pregnant woman. They have been found to maltreat pregnant women, by giving them chronic house-hold chores, depriving them of food and blocking access to health care. The study creates awareness on involvement of family in caring for the pregnant woman. The educational pamphlet developed, serves as educational resource on usefulness of family collaboration during pregnancy. Objectives: To explore family collaboration during pregnancy from the perspectives of family members of pregnant women, as well as also to develop an educational pamphlet from the findings to enhance family collaboration. Method: Qualitative research, using open-ended questionnaire. Fourteen family members participated, until data became saturated. Content analysis method by Erlingsson and Brysiewicz, was used in analyzing data, as this is well suited for qualitative analysis. Questionnaires were read thoroughly, and texts were formed into meaning units, these were concisely condensed while retaining the core meaning, the units were labeled by formulating codes. Codes related were formulated into Categories. The categories formed the themes of the pamphlet. Result: The findings are presented in form of a pamphlet that has been attached as a download to this article (refer to Download pamphlet). Conclusion: The study described perceptions of family members on family collaboration, through the categories that emerged from the findings and the pamphlet highlight ways that family can support a pregnant member during pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":405253,"journal":{"name":"Pan Africa Science Journal","volume":"11 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common malignancy among women in Africa, it affects women more frequently than any other cancer. There are various risk factors and symptoms of ovarian cancer, but women are generally found to lack knowledge on this hence leading to late diagnosis of ovarian cancer in most women. Methods: This study employed a cross sectional survey technique and was conducted among female undergraduate staying in the halls of residence in the university of Ibadan. The total student population was 1496. The sample size was determined using the Taro Yamane formula and the sample size was 351 students which was allocated proportionally to each hall of residence. The research instrument used for the study is a self-administered questionnaire. Using SPSS, the data were analyzed using the frequency, percentage, and chi-square test at a significance level of 0.05%. The chi-square test of independence was used to investigate the association between the age and awareness of ovarian cancer among females in University of Ibadan’s halls of residence. It was also used to investigate the association between the level of knowledge of ovarian cancer risk factors and symptoms among female staying in Queen Elizabeth II Hall and Obafemi Awolowo Hall of residence. Using SPSS, the data were analyzed using the frequency, percentage, and chi-square test at a significance level of 0.05%. Results: The results showed that 92% of female undergraduate students at the University of Ibadan are well-informed about ovarian cancer and majority of female undergraduates are quite knowledgeable about the symptoms and risks factors of ovarian cancer. The study found that that there is no significant relationship between the ages of the female undergraduate students in University of Ibadan and their awareness of Ovarian cancer and also conclude that there is a significant relationship between the hall of residence of the female undergraduate students in University of Ibadan and their awareness of Ovarian cancer. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study has revealed just like every other related study that most female undergraduate have a considerable high knowledge about the symptoms and risk factors of ovarian cancer however the University management should take the advantage of special occasions like world cancer day should do more sensitization on the symptoms and risk factor of ovarian cancer and other type of cancer particularly in halls of residence with lower level of knowledge on ovarian cancer.
{"title":"Awareness and knowledge of ovarian cancer symptoms and risk factors among female undergraduates in the university of Ibadan","authors":"Onakoya Tolulope Mariam, I. Kolawole","doi":"10.47787/pasj.v3i04.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47787/pasj.v3i04.52","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common malignancy among women in Africa, it affects women more frequently than any other cancer. There are various risk factors and symptoms of ovarian cancer, but women are generally found to lack knowledge on this hence leading to late diagnosis of ovarian cancer in most women. Methods: This study employed a cross sectional survey technique and was conducted among female undergraduate staying in the halls of residence in the university of Ibadan. The total student population was 1496. The sample size was determined using the Taro Yamane formula and the sample size was 351 students which was allocated proportionally to each hall of residence. The research instrument used for the study is a self-administered questionnaire. Using SPSS, the data were analyzed using the frequency, percentage, and chi-square test at a significance level of 0.05%. The chi-square test of independence was used to investigate the association between the age and awareness of ovarian cancer among females in University of Ibadan’s halls of residence. It was also used to investigate the association between the level of knowledge of ovarian cancer risk factors and symptoms among female staying in Queen Elizabeth II Hall and Obafemi Awolowo Hall of residence. Using SPSS, the data were analyzed using the frequency, percentage, and chi-square test at a significance level of 0.05%. Results: The results showed that 92% of female undergraduate students at the University of Ibadan are well-informed about ovarian cancer and majority of female undergraduates are quite knowledgeable about the symptoms and risks factors of ovarian cancer. The study found that that there is no significant relationship between the ages of the female undergraduate students in University of Ibadan and their awareness of Ovarian cancer and also conclude that there is a significant relationship between the hall of residence of the female undergraduate students in University of Ibadan and their awareness of Ovarian cancer. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study has revealed just like every other related study that most female undergraduate have a considerable high knowledge about the symptoms and risk factors of ovarian cancer however the University management should take the advantage of special occasions like world cancer day should do more sensitization on the symptoms and risk factor of ovarian cancer and other type of cancer particularly in halls of residence with lower level of knowledge on ovarian cancer.","PeriodicalId":405253,"journal":{"name":"Pan Africa Science Journal","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139275603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lake Victoria, one of Africa's largest freshwater lakes, has been severely impacted by invasive species, leading to significant ecological changes and threatening the region's biodiversity and socio-economic well-being. Two prominent invasive species in Lake Victoria are the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). The introduction of the Nile Tilapia has disrupted the native fish community through competition, predation, and habitat alteration, resulting in declines in native species and altering the trophic dynamics of the ecosystem. Water hyacinth, on the other hand, forms dense mats that impede sunlight penetration, reduce water quality, and hinder the movement of native species. These invasive species have cascading effects on the lake's food web, water clarity, oxygen levels, and overall ecosystem health. Addressing the impacts of invasive species in Lake Victoria requires integrated management approaches that combine prevention, early detection, and control measures. Strategies such as mechanical removal, biological control, and targeted herbicide use have been employed to mitigate the spread and impact of invasive species. Additionally, habitat restoration and public awareness initiatives are crucial for long-term conservation and sustainable management of the lake. Continuous scientific research and monitoring efforts are necessary to understand the dynamics of invasive species and their impacts, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of management strategies. Efforts to combat invasive species in Lake Victoria should be undertaken in a collaborative manner, involving government agencies, researchers, local communities, and other stakeholders. By implementing comprehensive management plans and promoting responsible practices, it is possible to restore the ecological balance of Lake Victoria, protect its rich biodiversity, and safeguard the livelihoods of communities that depend on its resources.
{"title":"Invasive Species and their Impacts on the Ecology of Lake Victoria: A Rapid Review","authors":"A. Omondi, Angima Merceline","doi":"10.47787/pasj.v3i02.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47787/pasj.v3i02.22","url":null,"abstract":"Lake Victoria, one of Africa's largest freshwater lakes, has been severely impacted by invasive species, leading to significant ecological changes and threatening the region's biodiversity and socio-economic well-being. Two prominent invasive species in Lake Victoria are the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). The introduction of the Nile Tilapia has disrupted the native fish community through competition, predation, and habitat alteration, resulting in declines in native species and altering the trophic dynamics of the ecosystem. Water hyacinth, on the other hand, forms dense mats that impede sunlight penetration, reduce water quality, and hinder the movement of native species. These invasive species have cascading effects on the lake's food web, water clarity, oxygen levels, and overall ecosystem health. Addressing the impacts of invasive species in Lake Victoria requires integrated management approaches that combine prevention, early detection, and control measures. Strategies such as mechanical removal, biological control, and targeted herbicide use have been employed to mitigate the spread and impact of invasive species. Additionally, habitat restoration and public awareness initiatives are crucial for long-term conservation and sustainable management of the lake. Continuous scientific research and monitoring efforts are necessary to understand the dynamics of invasive species and their impacts, as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of management strategies. Efforts to combat invasive species in Lake Victoria should be undertaken in a collaborative manner, involving government agencies, researchers, local communities, and other stakeholders. By implementing comprehensive management plans and promoting responsible practices, it is possible to restore the ecological balance of Lake Victoria, protect its rich biodiversity, and safeguard the livelihoods of communities that depend on its resources.","PeriodicalId":405253,"journal":{"name":"Pan Africa Science Journal","volume":"340 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139355759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emily Cherotich, O. Nyabaro, Douglas Mosoti Rayori, Kenanda Okemwa Evans
Water that is free of contaminants is necessary for life. River Chemosit passes through Chemosit Centre. The centre population is increasing due to numbers of learning institutions, medical facilities, businesses, industries and social facilities. This population has put pressure on the available clean water resources and waste management facilities. Inadequate waste management has led to environmental pollution including river Chemosit. The river pollution is negatively impacting the water quality presenting threats to the public's health and aquatic ecosystem. The study assessed the contribution of Chemosit Centre to pollution of river Chemosit. The study was carried out from August, 2021 to January, 2022. Water samples were collected and analysed for physico-chemical parameters. pH, temperature, Electrical conductivity, DO, and TDS measured in situ using calibrated portable professional series (YSI) multi-parameter meter model 35C, and UV-VIS spectrophotometer for sulphates, phosphates, and nitrates. The data was analysed using the statistical package SPSS, version 22. The software was used for computing descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and correlation coefficients. Spatially, the mean values for parameters were 7.0 ± 0.05 (pH), 24.15 °C ± 0.18 (temperature), 1187.94 μScm-1 ± 30.84 (electrical conductivity), 8.99 mgL-1 ± 0.06 (DO), 1460.06 mgL-1 ± 69.14 (TDS), 0.08 mgL-1 ± 0.005 (sulphates), 0.40 mgL-1 ± 0.01 (phosphates), and 1.6 mgL-1 ± 0.09 (nitrates). Seasonally, the means of pH, temperature, EC, and TDS, sulphates, and phosphates were significantly different between the two seasons except for DO, and nitrates. The means for pH, EC, sulphates and nitrates were within the WHO guidelines for domestic water use. The Correlation coefficient analysis for physico-chemical parameters indicates strong positive and negative relationship. In conclusion, river Chemosit is receiving pollutants from diffuse sources in addition from Chemosit Centre. The sources include effluent discharge from domestic and industrial sources and other human activities in the riparian zones along the river path. Therefore, preventing further pollution and complying with the NEMA and WHO standards for water usage, there is need for water quality monitoring.
{"title":"Assessment of Chemosit River pollution with urbanization of Chemosit Centre, Kericho County, Kenya","authors":"Emily Cherotich, O. Nyabaro, Douglas Mosoti Rayori, Kenanda Okemwa Evans","doi":"10.47787/pasj.v3i02.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47787/pasj.v3i02.19","url":null,"abstract":"Water that is free of contaminants is necessary for life. River Chemosit passes through Chemosit Centre. The centre population is increasing due to numbers of learning institutions, medical facilities, businesses, industries and social facilities. This population has put pressure on the available clean water resources and waste management facilities. Inadequate waste management has led to environmental pollution including river Chemosit. The river pollution is negatively impacting the water quality presenting threats to the public's health and aquatic ecosystem. The study assessed the contribution of Chemosit Centre to pollution of river Chemosit. The study was carried out from August, 2021 to January, 2022. Water samples were collected and analysed for physico-chemical parameters. pH, temperature, Electrical conductivity, DO, and TDS measured in situ using calibrated portable professional series (YSI) multi-parameter meter model 35C, and UV-VIS spectrophotometer for sulphates, phosphates, and nitrates. The data was analysed using the statistical package SPSS, version 22. The software was used for computing descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and correlation coefficients. Spatially, the mean values for parameters were 7.0 ± 0.05 (pH), 24.15 °C ± 0.18 (temperature), 1187.94 μScm-1 ± 30.84 (electrical conductivity), 8.99 mgL-1 ± 0.06 (DO), 1460.06 mgL-1 ± 69.14 (TDS), 0.08 mgL-1 ± 0.005 (sulphates), 0.40 mgL-1 ± 0.01 (phosphates), and 1.6 mgL-1 ± 0.09 (nitrates). Seasonally, the means of pH, temperature, EC, and TDS, sulphates, and phosphates were significantly different between the two seasons except for DO, and nitrates. The means for pH, EC, sulphates and nitrates were within the WHO guidelines for domestic water use. The Correlation coefficient analysis for physico-chemical parameters indicates strong positive and negative relationship. In conclusion, river Chemosit is receiving pollutants from diffuse sources in addition from Chemosit Centre. The sources include effluent discharge from domestic and industrial sources and other human activities in the riparian zones along the river path. Therefore, preventing further pollution and complying with the NEMA and WHO standards for water usage, there is need for water quality monitoring.","PeriodicalId":405253,"journal":{"name":"Pan Africa Science Journal","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139361485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Musa, Lovel Fornah, T. Y. Akintunde, I. Musa, H. Musa, Gabriel Maxwell Turay, Maram Abdulhakim Abdulkarem Al-sharai
Tuberculosis (TB) disease remains a growing threat in public health globally. This study explored the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most cited articles on TB. The study adopted a narrative review and bibliometric analysis to explore publications on TB disease. Publications in the Web of Science were retrieved to provide extensive selection process. The present study of top 100 articles which are mostly cited are reported between 1969 to 2018. Reported documents were published in 37 journals, and a total of 1058 authors contributed with 10.5 authors per document, and 12 countries contributed, with most of TB research originating from the US (N=51) articles. We found 1058 occasional authors, and of these, 971 authors (0.003%) presented only three articles, followed by 11 authors (0.010%) and 18 authors (0.017%), respectively. About (n=34) research was published in General & Internal Medicine and Science & Technology. New England Journal of Medicine with 14 was top journal. The lead research institution was the University of Cape Town. The significant correlations were found between the number of citations and documents per year (r=0.9579, p<0.0001), countries (r=0.9570, p<0.0001), article per journal (r=0.8721, p<0.0001), and authors (r=0.4601, p<0.0001), and documents per Institution (r=0.6159, p<0.0001). A new insight into TB scientific production was through social network. The evidence from this study provides a template for understanding the epidemiology of TB and the trends in research. It also exposes the hotspot of research along with research gaps for future studies.
结核病仍然是全球公共卫生领域日益严重的威胁。本研究探讨了前100篇被引最多的结核病文章的流行病学、诊断、管理和文献计量学分析。本研究采用叙述性回顾和文献计量学分析来探索有关结核病的出版物。检索Web of Science中的出版物，以提供广泛的选择过程。本研究对1969年至2018年期间被引用最多的前100篇文章进行了研究。报告的文献发表在37种期刊上，共有1058位作者投稿(每篇文献10.5位作者)，有12个国家投稿，其中大多数结核病研究来自美国(N=51)。我们发现1058位偶然作者，其中971位(0.003%)作者只发表了3篇文章，其次分别是11位(0.010%)和18位(0.017%)。大约(n=34)项研究发表在《普通内科与科学技术》杂志上。《新英格兰医学杂志》上有14个是顶级期刊。领头的研究机构是开普敦大学。每年的引文数和文献数(r=0.9579, p<0.0001)、国家(r=0.9570, p<0.0001)、期刊篇数(r=0.8721, p<0.0001)、作者数(r=0.4601, p<0.0001)和机构篇数(r=0.6159, p<0.0001)之间存在显著相关性。对结核病科学生产的新见解是通过社会网络。本研究的证据为了解结核病流行病学和研究趋势提供了模板。同时也揭示了研究的热点和未来研究的空白。
{"title":"Investigating Empirical evidence on the Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Bibliometric analysis of the 100 topmost cited publications on Tuberculosis Disease","authors":"T. Musa, Lovel Fornah, T. Y. Akintunde, I. Musa, H. Musa, Gabriel Maxwell Turay, Maram Abdulhakim Abdulkarem Al-sharai","doi":"10.47787/pasj.v1i03.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47787/pasj.v1i03.11","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) disease remains a growing threat in public health globally. This study explored the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most cited articles on TB. The study adopted a narrative review and bibliometric analysis to explore publications on TB disease. Publications in the Web of Science were retrieved to provide extensive selection process. The present study of top 100 articles which are mostly cited are reported between 1969 to 2018. Reported documents were published in 37 journals, and a total of 1058 authors contributed with 10.5 authors per document, and 12 countries contributed, with most of TB research originating from the US (N=51) articles. We found 1058 occasional authors, and of these, 971 authors (0.003%) presented only three articles, followed by 11 authors (0.010%) and 18 authors (0.017%), respectively. About (n=34) research was published in General & Internal Medicine and Science & Technology. New England Journal of Medicine with 14 was top journal. The lead research institution was the University of Cape Town. The significant correlations were found between the number of citations and documents per year (r=0.9579, p<0.0001), countries (r=0.9570, p<0.0001), article per journal (r=0.8721, p<0.0001), and authors (r=0.4601, p<0.0001), and documents per Institution (r=0.6159, p<0.0001). A new insight into TB scientific production was through social network. The evidence from this study provides a template for understanding the epidemiology of TB and the trends in research. It also exposes the hotspot of research along with research gaps for future studies.","PeriodicalId":405253,"journal":{"name":"Pan Africa Science Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129685429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Osure, A. Getabu, C. Aura, R. Omondi, E. Basweti
Despite significantly influencing fisheries characteristics of major global basins, medium-sized rivers such as Awach Kibuon remain the least studied. This study evaluated longitudinal fish species diversity, distribution, and environmental influence in Awach Kibuon River, Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya, to inform sustainable management of fisheries resources within the region. Nine sites located in different zones of the river were sampled monthly for eight months in 2019 and 2020. Fish samples were collected for 45 minutes using a backpack electrofisher on a 50-m river reach in every sampling site. Selected physico-chemical parameters (pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, conductivity, and turbidity) were measured in situ using standard methods. Longitudinal river fish diversity was assessed using species richness, Simpson's Index (D), Shannon-Weiner Index (H′), and Pielou's Evenness Index (J). A total of 983 fish specimens belonging to 21 species, 12 genera, seven families, and six orders were caught during sampling. Cyprinidae was the most dominant family, represented by nine species, followed by Claridae, Mochokidae, and Cichlidae, represented by three species each. Longitudinal species richness, abundance, and diversity indices deviated from the expected downstream increase. Upstream stations had no fish, whereas midstream and river mouth stations had moderate and high species diversity, respectively. Pearson's correlation analyses showed that temperature, conductivity, TDS, depth, and velocity influenced fish species richness in the river. The above findings call for the inclusion of medium-sized rivers in fisheries management plans of Great Lakes Basins for sustainability.
{"title":"Longitudinal fish species diversity and distribution in a medium-sized Afro-tropical river in the Lake Victoria Basin","authors":"G. Osure, A. Getabu, C. Aura, R. Omondi, E. Basweti","doi":"10.47787/pasj.v2i2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47787/pasj.v2i2.18","url":null,"abstract":"Despite significantly influencing fisheries characteristics of major global basins, medium-sized rivers such as Awach Kibuon remain the least studied. This study evaluated longitudinal fish species diversity, distribution, and environmental influence in Awach Kibuon River, Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya, to inform sustainable management of fisheries resources within the region. Nine sites located in different zones of the river were sampled monthly for eight months in 2019 and 2020. Fish samples were collected for 45 minutes using a backpack electrofisher on a 50-m river reach in every sampling site. Selected physico-chemical parameters (pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, conductivity, and turbidity) were measured in situ using standard methods. Longitudinal river fish diversity was assessed using species richness, Simpson's Index (D), Shannon-Weiner Index (H′), and Pielou's Evenness Index (J). A total of 983 fish specimens belonging to 21 species, 12 genera, seven families, and six orders were caught during sampling. Cyprinidae was the most dominant family, represented by nine species, followed by Claridae, Mochokidae, and Cichlidae, represented by three species each. Longitudinal species richness, abundance, and diversity indices deviated from the expected downstream increase. Upstream stations had no fish, whereas midstream and river mouth stations had moderate and high species diversity, respectively. Pearson's correlation analyses showed that temperature, conductivity, TDS, depth, and velocity influenced fish species richness in the river. The above findings call for the inclusion of medium-sized rivers in fisheries management plans of Great Lakes Basins for sustainability.","PeriodicalId":405253,"journal":{"name":"Pan Africa Science Journal","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123604283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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