This paper surveys research in relation to the conditions and processes considered important in fostering creativity in a variety of contexts including cities, organizations, and learning environments. Two established schools of the arts, and their leaders, serve as case studies in the examination of milieu designed to foster creative thinking and work. The paper identifies ten characteristics found to be common in the formation of creative milieu by scholars in psychology, business, economics, anthropology, geography, leadership, urban studies, education, and the arts. Characteristics include exchanges across cultures and domains of knowledge, opportunities for serendipitous interactions and for solitude, risk-taking, stable economic conditions, inclusive leadership, open communication, and the presence of visual stimulants and other creative people and activity.
{"title":"Shaping a Creative Milieu: Creativity, Process, Pedagogy, Leadership, and Place","authors":"Tom Borrup","doi":"10.14456/JUCR.2010.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14456/JUCR.2010.1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper surveys research in relation to the conditions and processes considered important in fostering creativity in a variety of contexts including cities, organizations, and learning environments. Two established schools of the arts, and their leaders, serve as case studies in the examination of milieu designed to foster creative thinking and work. The paper identifies ten characteristics found to be common in the formation of creative milieu by scholars in psychology, business, economics, anthropology, geography, leadership, urban studies, education, and the arts. Characteristics include exchanges across cultures and domains of knowledge, opportunities for serendipitous interactions and for solitude, risk-taking, stable economic conditions, inclusive leadership, open communication, and the presence of visual stimulants and other creative people and activity.","PeriodicalId":40637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Culture Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"40-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66673637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper aims to discuss the generation of Yaoi fanwork, one of the forms of cultural appropriation in modern Japanese culture. The concept of appropriation as used in this paper refers to a cultural practice of the people belonging to a subculture, who redefine the dominant meaning to suit their own purpose. Yaoi fanwork is defined as a female-oriented production that focuses on the depiction of male bonding in popular media and develops it into a romantic relationship. Through this cultural practice, female fans adapt and appropriate dominant texts. This paper investigates how Yaoi fans subvert authorship and canonicity by examining self-published works. Thus, it is concluded that Yaoi fanwork is an alternate form of creativity in modern popular culture.
{"title":"Yaoi as Fanwork: Cultural Appropriation in Modern Japanese Culture","authors":"Yumiko Ishikawa","doi":"10.14456/JUCR.2010.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14456/JUCR.2010.11","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to discuss the generation of Yaoi fanwork, one of the forms of cultural appropriation in modern Japanese culture. The concept of appropriation as used in this paper refers to a cultural practice of the people belonging to a subculture, who redefine the dominant meaning to suit their own purpose. Yaoi fanwork is defined as a female-oriented production that focuses on the depiction of male bonding in popular media and develops it into a romantic relationship. Through this cultural practice, female fans adapt and appropriate dominant texts. This paper investigates how Yaoi fans subvert authorship and canonicity by examining self-published works. Thus, it is concluded that Yaoi fanwork is an alternate form of creativity in modern popular culture.","PeriodicalId":40637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Culture Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"170-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66673648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U.S. Military bases located in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan have caused various problems such as noise, accidents, crimes, and environmental damage. For military base towns, these problems have presented serious and long-term policy challenges. However, according to the 1996 final report of the Special Action Committee of Okinawa, substantial portions of several military bases are being “retuned” to Okinawa. In this new phase, issues of how to utilize the sites of bases and how to (re) develop areas around bases are emerging as new policy challenges for the pertinent towns. The author’s previous work (Yamazaki 2008), drawing on the political geographic theorization of ‘place’ by Agnew (1987), compared the developmental plans of three base towns and identified key elements to (re) developing these towns. One of the identified elements is the incorporation of town’s cultural uniqueness into development and the mobilization of ‘sense of place’ to encourage town residents to understand and actively participate in development. Following this work, this paper pays further attention to the mobilization of the sense of place in the Koza District of Okinawa City. Okinawa City attempts to systematically preserve and publically represent the postwar history of the district as a military base town and shows the possibility that the sense of place could be incorporated into redevelopment strategies. This paper explores how the memory and history of a military base town can be utilized as cultural resources to revitalize the District.
{"title":"The Historical Representation of Place in the Military Base Town of Koza: The “Reassessment” of US Military Presence as a Developmental Resource","authors":"Takashi Yamazaki","doi":"10.14456/JUCR.2010.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14456/JUCR.2010.13","url":null,"abstract":"U.S. Military bases located in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan have caused various problems such as noise, accidents, crimes, and environmental damage. For military base towns, these problems have presented serious and long-term policy challenges. However, according to the 1996 final report of the Special Action Committee of Okinawa, substantial portions of several military bases are being “retuned” to Okinawa. In this new phase, issues of how to utilize the sites of bases and how to (re) develop areas around bases are emerging as new policy challenges for the pertinent towns. The author’s previous work (Yamazaki 2008), drawing on the political geographic theorization of ‘place’ by Agnew (1987), compared the developmental plans of three base towns and identified key elements to (re) developing these towns. One of the identified elements is the incorporation of town’s cultural uniqueness into development and the mobilization of ‘sense of place’ to encourage town residents to understand and actively participate in development. Following this work, this paper pays further attention to the mobilization of the sense of place in the Koza District of Okinawa City. Okinawa City attempts to systematically preserve and publically represent the postwar history of the district as a military base town and shows the possibility that the sense of place could be incorporated into redevelopment strategies. This paper explores how the memory and history of a military base town can be utilized as cultural resources to revitalize the District.","PeriodicalId":40637,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Urban Culture Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"190-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66673708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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