In this acoustic analysis we compare the f 0 contours of syntactically unmarked Mandarin Chinese (MC) echo-questions to statements in the production of two groups of Hungarian learners of Chinese and a native MC control group. MC and Hungarian differ in terms of question intonation patterns, thus we hypothesized that synchronizing tone and intonation production poses problems to L2 learners of MC due to the different intonation patterns and the absence of tones in the L1. In the experiment speakers were asked to contrast the same 4-syllable utterance in the two analysed moods: as a declarative and as a syntactically unmarked echo-question. We compared f 0 contours of each isolated syllable by general additive mixed models. Our results partially confirmed the hypothesis that L2 learners’ production MC questions are not as elevated in their characteristic as natives, yet L2 speakers do differentiate between the two moods in their production but produce terminal tonal patterns differently than those of natives.
{"title":"The interplay of tone and intonation: f0 contours produced by Hungarian learners of Mandarin","authors":"Kornélia Juhász, H. Bartos","doi":"10.21437/isaph.2022-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/isaph.2022-4","url":null,"abstract":"In this acoustic analysis we compare the f 0 contours of syntactically unmarked Mandarin Chinese (MC) echo-questions to statements in the production of two groups of Hungarian learners of Chinese and a native MC control group. MC and Hungarian differ in terms of question intonation patterns, thus we hypothesized that synchronizing tone and intonation production poses problems to L2 learners of MC due to the different intonation patterns and the absence of tones in the L1. In the experiment speakers were asked to contrast the same 4-syllable utterance in the two analysed moods: as a declarative and as a syntactically unmarked echo-question. We compared f 0 contours of each isolated syllable by general additive mixed models. Our results partially confirmed the hypothesis that L2 learners’ production MC questions are not as elevated in their characteristic as natives, yet L2 speakers do differentiate between the two moods in their production but produce terminal tonal patterns differently than those of natives.","PeriodicalId":406640,"journal":{"name":"ISAPh 2022, 4th International Symposium on Applied Phonetics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129955477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study focuses on the effect of lexical tone on Voice Onset Time (VOT) in Mandarin from four different L1 backgrounds. It surveys VOT variations between L1 and L2 speakers. Although it has been suggested that VOT varies because of different lexical tones in L1 Mandarin [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10], a question remains as to whether L2 Mandarin from different language backgrounds also exhibits the same effect. Exploring this can potentially shed light on whether tone effect on VOT is a language-specific or universal phenomenon. In particular, we ask whether L2 speakers who feature different native VOT values, such as Spanish (unaspirated) [11], Japanese (weakly-aspirated) [12], and English (aspirated) [13] [14] would show the same, similar, or different tone effect patterns in comparison to L1 Mandarin (highly-aspirated) [2]. Testing 164 participants (68 Taiwanese, 34 Spanish, 40 Japanese, and 22 English speakers of Mandarin), the results reveal that when other factors were kept constant, tone indeed influenced VOT where tone2 and tone3 had significantly longer VOT values than those in tone1 and tone4 in all four groups. All non-native groups showed the same effects regardless of their L1, which suggests that the tone effect on VOT in Mandarin is a universal tendency, perhaps due to the physiology of the vocal tract rather than due to language-specific phonology. In a baseline VOT test, we also found that the Spanish and Japanese groups showed extended VOT values, which were not from their native VOTs, although their Mandarin VOTs were still significantly shorter than the native Mandarin speakers. This may be due to the deficient learning of the aspiration.
{"title":"A Comparison of Lexical Tone Effects on VOT in L1 and Three Groups of L2 Speaker of Mandarin Chinese","authors":"Chiu-ching Tseng, Rina Y. Tseng","doi":"10.21437/isaph.2022-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/isaph.2022-9","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the effect of lexical tone on Voice Onset Time (VOT) in Mandarin from four different L1 backgrounds. It surveys VOT variations between L1 and L2 speakers. Although it has been suggested that VOT varies because of different lexical tones in L1 Mandarin [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10], a question remains as to whether L2 Mandarin from different language backgrounds also exhibits the same effect. Exploring this can potentially shed light on whether tone effect on VOT is a language-specific or universal phenomenon. In particular, we ask whether L2 speakers who feature different native VOT values, such as Spanish (unaspirated) [11], Japanese (weakly-aspirated) [12], and English (aspirated) [13] [14] would show the same, similar, or different tone effect patterns in comparison to L1 Mandarin (highly-aspirated) [2]. Testing 164 participants (68 Taiwanese, 34 Spanish, 40 Japanese, and 22 English speakers of Mandarin), the results reveal that when other factors were kept constant, tone indeed influenced VOT where tone2 and tone3 had significantly longer VOT values than those in tone1 and tone4 in all four groups. All non-native groups showed the same effects regardless of their L1, which suggests that the tone effect on VOT in Mandarin is a universal tendency, perhaps due to the physiology of the vocal tract rather than due to language-specific phonology. In a baseline VOT test, we also found that the Spanish and Japanese groups showed extended VOT values, which were not from their native VOTs, although their Mandarin VOTs were still significantly shorter than the native Mandarin speakers. This may be due to the deficient learning of the aspiration.","PeriodicalId":406640,"journal":{"name":"ISAPh 2022, 4th International Symposium on Applied Phonetics","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117324012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acoustical cues as boundary markers in a left-headed language","authors":"Valéria Krepsz, Anna Huszár","doi":"10.21437/isaph.2022-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/isaph.2022-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":406640,"journal":{"name":"ISAPh 2022, 4th International Symposium on Applied Phonetics","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122773441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Practical phonetics in the 21st century","authors":"M. Ashby, P. Ashby","doi":"10.21437/isaph.2022-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/isaph.2022-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":406640,"journal":{"name":"ISAPh 2022, 4th International Symposium on Applied Phonetics","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125744218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L2 learners produce the Spanish lexical stress differently from native speakers in various aspects. However, relatively fewer studies have focused on how Mandarin learners of Spanish produce lexical stress and how it influences vowel quality. In this study, ten Mandarin students with advanced Spanish proficiency and six Spanish native speakers completed text-reading and word-reading tasks in Spanish. The results revealed that (a) Mandarin students encoded Spanish lexical stress with pitch contrast more than duration or intensity, which added positive evidence for the phonetic approaches to L2 lexical stress acquisition because only pitch is relevant to Mandarin lexical tones. (b) Moreover, lexical stress enhanced the mouth aperture of /a, o/ for Spanish natives but that of /e, i, o/ for Mandarin students, which suggests that L2 learners still differ from native speakers in speech production, even at a high proficiency level.
第二语言学习者产生的西班牙语词汇重音在许多方面与母语者不同。然而，相对较少的研究关注的是汉语学习者如何产生词汇重音以及它如何影响元音质量。在本研究中，10名具有高级西班牙语水平的普通话学生和6名西班牙语母语者完成了西班牙语文本阅读和单词阅读任务。结果表明:(a)普通话学生对西班牙语词汇重音的编码中，音高对比比持续时间或强度更重要，这为二语词汇重音习得的语音途径提供了积极的证据，因为只有音高与普通话词汇音调相关。(b)此外，词汇重音增强了西班牙语母语者/a, o/的口型孔径，而普通话学生的/e, i, o/的口型孔径，这表明第二语言学习者在语音生成方面与母语者仍然存在差异，即使在高熟练程度下也是如此。
{"title":"Spanish lexical stress produced by proficient Mandarin learners of Spanish","authors":"Peng Li, Xiaotong Xi","doi":"10.21437/isaph.2022-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/isaph.2022-8","url":null,"abstract":"L2 learners produce the Spanish lexical stress differently from native speakers in various aspects. However, relatively fewer studies have focused on how Mandarin learners of Spanish produce lexical stress and how it influences vowel quality. In this study, ten Mandarin students with advanced Spanish proficiency and six Spanish native speakers completed text-reading and word-reading tasks in Spanish. The results revealed that (a) Mandarin students encoded Spanish lexical stress with pitch contrast more than duration or intensity, which added positive evidence for the phonetic approaches to L2 lexical stress acquisition because only pitch is relevant to Mandarin lexical tones. (b) Moreover, lexical stress enhanced the mouth aperture of /a, o/ for Spanish natives but that of /e, i, o/ for Mandarin students, which suggests that L2 learners still differ from native speakers in speech production, even at a high proficiency level.","PeriodicalId":406640,"journal":{"name":"ISAPh 2022, 4th International Symposium on Applied Phonetics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129114572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of pause location in perceived fluency and proficiency in L2 Finnish","authors":"Heini Kallio, M. Kuronen, Liisa Koivusalo","doi":"10.21437/isaph.2022-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/isaph.2022-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":406640,"journal":{"name":"ISAPh 2022, 4th International Symposium on Applied Phonetics","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127461857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This pilot study set out to assess the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry regarding parameters from different phonetic dimensions in spontaneous speech, i.e., spectral, melodic, and temporal. The speech material consisted of spontaneous telephone conversations between siblings. The participants were 20 male subjects, Brazilian Portuguese speakers from the same dialectal area. Six acoustic-phonetic parameters were chosen for the comparison: f0 median, f0 baseline, speech rate, articulation rate, F3, and F4. Overall, acoustic parameters pertaining to the speech tempo category depicted the worse performance in terms of speaker discriminatory power when assessed in isolation. Such a trend was indicated by the relatively higher median and mean Cllr and EER values. Moreover, from the set of parameters assessed, high formant frequencies, i.e., F3 and F4, were the best-performing estimates in terms of discriminability depicting the lowest EER and Cllr values. The results suggested a speaker discriminatory power asymmetry concerning different acoustic-phonetic parameters, in which speech tempo estimates presented a lower discriminatory power when compared to melodic and spectral parameters. The findings also suggest that data sampling is crucial for the reliability of Cllr and EER calculations.
{"title":"Assessing the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry of different acoustic-phonetic parameters","authors":"Julio Cesar Cavalcanti, A. Eriksson, P. Barbosa","doi":"10.21437/isaph.2022-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/isaph.2022-2","url":null,"abstract":"This pilot study set out to assess the speaker discriminatory power asymmetry regarding parameters from different phonetic dimensions in spontaneous speech, i.e., spectral, melodic, and temporal. The speech material consisted of spontaneous telephone conversations between siblings. The participants were 20 male subjects, Brazilian Portuguese speakers from the same dialectal area. Six acoustic-phonetic parameters were chosen for the comparison: f0 median, f0 baseline, speech rate, articulation rate, F3, and F4. Overall, acoustic parameters pertaining to the speech tempo category depicted the worse performance in terms of speaker discriminatory power when assessed in isolation. Such a trend was indicated by the relatively higher median and mean Cllr and EER values. Moreover, from the set of parameters assessed, high formant frequencies, i.e., F3 and F4, were the best-performing estimates in terms of discriminability depicting the lowest EER and Cllr values. The results suggested a speaker discriminatory power asymmetry concerning different acoustic-phonetic parameters, in which speech tempo estimates presented a lower discriminatory power when compared to melodic and spectral parameters. The findings also suggest that data sampling is crucial for the reliability of Cllr and EER calculations.","PeriodicalId":406640,"journal":{"name":"ISAPh 2022, 4th International Symposium on Applied Phonetics","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114428194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katrin Leppik, Cristian Tejedor-García, Eva Liina Asu, P. Lippus
This study tests the effectiveness of a CAPT tool tailored for Spanish L1 learners of Estonian to practice the perception and production of Estonian vowels. The tool is designed to train seven vowel contrasts (/i-y/, /u-y/, /ɑ-o/, /ɑ-æ/, /e-æ/, /o-ø/, and /o-ɤ/) that have been shown to be difficult for Spanish L1 learners. When practicing with the CAPT tool the learners first see a theoretical video followed by four training modes: exposure, discrimination, pronunciation and mixed. To assess the effectiveness of the tool an experiment combining training sessions with the tool and pre- and post-testing was conducted. The results show that on the whole the learners’ perception and production improved significantly after the training period, suggesting that CAPT tools are an effective resource for pronunciation practice.
本研究测试了为西班牙语母语爱沙尼亚语学习者量身定制的CAPT工具的有效性，以练习爱沙尼亚语元音的感知和产生。该工具旨在训练七个元音对比(/i-y/， /u-y/， / au -o/， / au -æ/， /e-æ/， /o-ø/和/o- o/)，这些元音对比对西班牙语L1学习者来说是很困难的。在使用CAPT工具进行练习时，学习者首先看到一个理论视频，然后是四种训练模式:暴露、辨别、发音和混合。为了评估该工具的有效性，进行了结合培训课程和前后测试的实验。结果表明，经过训练后，学习者的感知和产出总体上有显著提高，这表明CAPT工具是一种有效的发音练习资源。
{"title":"Improving Spanish L1 learners' perception and production of Estonian vowels","authors":"Katrin Leppik, Cristian Tejedor-García, Eva Liina Asu, P. Lippus","doi":"10.21437/isaph.2022-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/isaph.2022-7","url":null,"abstract":"This study tests the effectiveness of a CAPT tool tailored for Spanish L1 learners of Estonian to practice the perception and production of Estonian vowels. The tool is designed to train seven vowel contrasts (/i-y/, /u-y/, /ɑ-o/, /ɑ-æ/, /e-æ/, /o-ø/, and /o-ɤ/) that have been shown to be difficult for Spanish L1 learners. When practicing with the CAPT tool the learners first see a theoretical video followed by four training modes: exposure, discrimination, pronunciation and mixed. To assess the effectiveness of the tool an experiment combining training sessions with the tool and pre- and post-testing was conducted. The results show that on the whole the learners’ perception and production improved significantly after the training period, suggesting that CAPT tools are an effective resource for pronunciation practice.","PeriodicalId":406640,"journal":{"name":"ISAPh 2022, 4th International Symposium on Applied Phonetics","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124783252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Atsushi Fujimori, Noriko Yamane, Ikuyo Kaneko, Brian D. Teaman
{"title":"Short-term intervention effects on the development of pausing in read speech","authors":"Atsushi Fujimori, Noriko Yamane, Ikuyo Kaneko, Brian D. Teaman","doi":"10.21437/isaph.2022-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21437/isaph.2022-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":406640,"journal":{"name":"ISAPh 2022, 4th International Symposium on Applied Phonetics","volume":"31 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114008180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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