Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.01
Phytochemical analysis of aerial parts of eight autochthonous Genista L. taxa (brooms; Fabaceae; G. germanica, G. januensis, G. pilosa, G. radiata, G. sagittalis, G. sericea, G. sylvestris ssp. dalmatica and G. tinctoria) from natural populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina was performed in this study. Using fast phytochemical methods, for the first time, emodin was identified in the genus; coumarins, fatty acids, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids in some taxa, but also the presence of phenolic compounds or the absence of anthocyanins in all studied taxa. The analysis of total phenol (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), phenolic acids (TPA) and alkaloid (TA) contents and antioxidant activity (DPPH), determined by spectrophotometry method, indicated the existence of differences between the studied taxa (p<0.01). The taxa differed significantly from each other in TPA and TA, and the least in terms of antioxidant activity. There is a positive correlation between TPA, TPC and TFC in one hand, and TA and antioxidative activity in other (p<0.01). The Euclidean dendrogram indicates two main clusters: the first cluster includes G. januensis and G. pilosa, and the second is derived from the remaining six taxa. Obtained PCA clusters were more diffused than those generated by Euclidean distance dendrogram but in a good agreement with them. The obtained data indicate the need for further phytochemical and pharmacological research of the genus Genista, as a very interesting source of natural active compounds, as well as population research with special emphasis on the influence of microclimate on SMs content.
本研究对来自波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那自然种群的八个自生玄参类群（扫帚；豆科；G. germanica、G. januensis、G. pilosa、G. radiata、G. sagittalis、G. sericea、G. sylvestris ssp. dalmatica 和 G. tinctoria）的气生部分进行了植物化学分析。利用快速植物化学方法，首次在该属植物中鉴定出了大黄素；在一些类群中鉴定出了香豆素、脂肪酸、皂苷、甾体、单宁和萜类化合物，还在所有研究的类群中鉴定出了酚类化合物的存在或花青素的缺失。通过分光光度法测定的总酚（TPC）、类黄酮（TFC）、酚酸（TPA）和生物碱（TA）含量以及抗氧化活性（DPPH）分析表明，所研究的分类群之间存在差异（p<0.01）。各分类群在 TPA 和 TA 方面差异明显，而在抗氧化活性方面差异最小。TPA、TPC 和 TFC 与 TA 和抗氧化活性之间呈正相关（p<0.01）。欧氏树枝图显示出两个主要聚类：第一个聚类包括 G. januensis 和 G. pilosa，第二个聚类来自其余六个类群。得到的 PCA 聚类比欧氏距离树枝图产生的聚类更分散，但与它们很一致。所获得的数据表明，有必要对玄参属（一种非常有趣的天然活性化合物来源）进行进一步的植物化学和药理学研究，同时有必要进行种群研究，重点研究小气候对 SMs 含量的影响。
{"title":"Phytochemical Analysis of Eight Genista L. taxa (Fabaceae) from Natural Populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"","doi":"10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.01","url":null,"abstract":"Phytochemical analysis of aerial parts of eight autochthonous Genista L. taxa (brooms; Fabaceae; G. germanica, G. januensis, G. pilosa, G. radiata, G. sagittalis, G. sericea, G. sylvestris ssp. dalmatica and G. tinctoria) from natural populations in Bosnia and Herzegovina was performed in this study. Using fast phytochemical methods, for the first time, emodin was identified in the genus; coumarins, fatty acids, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids in some taxa, but also the presence of phenolic compounds or the absence of anthocyanins in all studied taxa. The analysis of total phenol (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), phenolic acids (TPA) and alkaloid (TA) contents and antioxidant activity (DPPH), determined by spectrophotometry method, indicated the existence of differences between the studied taxa (p<0.01). The taxa differed significantly from each other in TPA and TA, and the least in terms of antioxidant activity. There is a positive correlation between TPA, TPC and TFC in one hand, and TA and antioxidative activity in other (p<0.01). The Euclidean dendrogram indicates two main clusters: the first cluster includes G. januensis and G. pilosa, and the second is derived from the remaining six taxa. Obtained PCA clusters were more diffused than those generated by Euclidean distance dendrogram but in a good agreement with them. The obtained data indicate the need for further phytochemical and pharmacological research of the genus Genista, as a very interesting source of natural active compounds, as well as population research with special emphasis on the influence of microclimate on SMs content.","PeriodicalId":40710,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Hemicara i Tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine","volume":"23 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139148379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.04
Leachates are produced as a filtrate from waste landfills as a result of highly polluted waters. Organic substances that are mostly present are: phenolic compounds, halogen organic substances, oils and fats. The presence of nitrogen substances is significant, followed by phosphoric substances, sulfates, chlorides, and heavy metals. Sanitary landfill "Smiljevići", created 60 years ago, is placed on the hill area of Novi Grad municipality, Sarajevo. In that time area around landfill was very sparsely populated. Following the legislative, the leachate from the Smiljevići landfill does not have a good environmental status. On the other hand, according to global - typical values, contaminant concentrations are much closer to low than average values. The content of contaminants with long retention in nature and tendency to bioaccumulation is within legal limits. Most parameters that exceed the permitted values include usually biodegradable compounds that the stream of the river Bosnia can absorb better than the small ecosystem of the Lepenički creek. The problem is further aggravated bz the fact that the area surrounding the creek is now relatively densely populated, the stream has a small water capacity, especially in the summer, and the contaminants are mostly volatile. Finally, this problem also can be attributed to irresponsible activity of urban planning.
{"title":"Leachate of Landfill Smiljevići (Sarajevo, B&H) and their Environmental Status","authors":"","doi":"10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.04","url":null,"abstract":"Leachates are produced as a filtrate from waste landfills as a result of highly polluted waters. Organic substances that are mostly present are: phenolic compounds, halogen organic substances, oils and fats. The presence of nitrogen substances is significant, followed by phosphoric substances, sulfates, chlorides, and heavy metals. Sanitary landfill \"Smiljevići\", created 60 years ago, is placed on the hill area of Novi Grad municipality, Sarajevo. In that time area around landfill was very sparsely populated. Following the legislative, the leachate from the Smiljevići landfill does not have a good environmental status. On the other hand, according to global - typical values, contaminant concentrations are much closer to low than average values. The content of contaminants with long retention in nature and tendency to bioaccumulation is within legal limits. Most parameters that exceed the permitted values include usually biodegradable compounds that the stream of the river Bosnia can absorb better than the small ecosystem of the Lepenički creek. The problem is further aggravated bz the fact that the area surrounding the creek is now relatively densely populated, the stream has a small water capacity, especially in the summer, and the contaminants are mostly volatile. Finally, this problem also can be attributed to irresponsible activity of urban planning.","PeriodicalId":40710,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Hemicara i Tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine","volume":"9 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139150206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.03
Monitoring of cyclosporine A (Cs A) concentrations is inevitable for efficient and safe immunosuppression. Currently, immunoassays are the most often used method. The study compared the Cs A concentrations in EDTA-blood samples of 50 patients, measured on Roche e601® and ADVIA Centaur XP® analyzers. The Cs A concentrations on e601® were between 30.00 and 573.00 ng/mL. On Centaur XP® they were in the range 30.2-395.2 ng/mL. For all data the correlation coefficient (95% confidence interval (CI)) was 0.98 (0.97-0.99), while in the groups with concentrations below and above 100 ng/mL it was 0.90 (0.74-0.93) and 0.98 (0.94-0.99), respectively. The slope (95% CI) in the Passing-Bablok analysis on all results was 0.73 (0.67-0.83), and the intercept (95% CI) was 12.53 (6.66-17.78). In the group with results below 100 ng/mL, the slope was 0.92 (0.77-1.12) and the intercept 3.05 (from -8.45 to 12.09). For the Cs A concentrations above 100 ng/mL the slope was 0.71 (0.64-0.84) and the intercept 9.31 (from -8.86 to 24.27). The proportional and systematic errors were present in a wide range of Cs A concentrations measured on the evaluated analyzers. The concordance was satisfactory for concentrations below 100 ng/mL.
{"title":"Cyclosporine A Concentrations in Blood Measured with the Immunoassays on Roche e601® and ADVIA Centaur XP® Analysers-What is the Extent of the Agreement?","authors":"","doi":"10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.03","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring of cyclosporine A (Cs A) concentrations is inevitable for efficient and safe immunosuppression. Currently, immunoassays are the most often used method. The study compared the Cs A concentrations in EDTA-blood samples of 50 patients, measured on Roche e601® and ADVIA Centaur XP® analyzers. The Cs A concentrations on e601® were between 30.00 and 573.00 ng/mL. On Centaur XP® they were in the range 30.2-395.2 ng/mL. For all data the correlation coefficient (95% confidence interval (CI)) was 0.98 (0.97-0.99), while in the groups with concentrations below and above 100 ng/mL it was 0.90 (0.74-0.93) and 0.98 (0.94-0.99), respectively. The slope (95% CI) in the Passing-Bablok analysis on all results was 0.73 (0.67-0.83), and the intercept (95% CI) was 12.53 (6.66-17.78). In the group with results below 100 ng/mL, the slope was 0.92 (0.77-1.12) and the intercept 3.05 (from -8.45 to 12.09). For the Cs A concentrations above 100 ng/mL the slope was 0.71 (0.64-0.84) and the intercept 9.31 (from -8.86 to 24.27). The proportional and systematic errors were present in a wide range of Cs A concentrations measured on the evaluated analyzers. The concordance was satisfactory for concentrations below 100 ng/mL.","PeriodicalId":40710,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Hemicara i Tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine","volume":"319 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139148978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.02
Each and every step in the process of municipal solid waste (MSW) management generates the greenhouse gases (GHG). Therefore, it is imperative to focus on MSW from the source to the final waste disposal in order to decrease the negative impact on the environment. This study aims to calculate the GHG emissions at the present moment (Status Quo) for waste management as well as on the improved MSW management that should be implemented in this local community by 2027 (Scenario 2027). To visualize waste streams in these two scenarios, the STAN 2.5 software was used, and for the calculation of GHG emissions in the City of Zvornik, the IWM-2 software was used. The MSW management Status Quo is basically characterized by the collection communal of waste and its deposition on the landfill without a degasification system and landfill gas treatment. The guidelines and recommendations for MSW management improvement, Scenario 2027 propose the establishment of separate collections of secondary raw materials and biodegradable waste, and improved collection and treatment of landfill gas at the landfill site. The implementation of these measures would result in a reduction of approximately 40% in GHG emissions compared to the Status Quo. The most significant impact would be realized in the environment due to the collection and treatment of landfill.
{"title":"GHG Emissions in the Current and Future MSW Management System in Zvornik, Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"","doi":"10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35666/2232-7266.2023.61.02","url":null,"abstract":"Each and every step in the process of municipal solid waste (MSW) management generates the greenhouse gases (GHG). Therefore, it is imperative to focus on MSW from the source to the final waste disposal in order to decrease the negative impact on the environment. This study aims to calculate the GHG emissions at the present moment (Status Quo) for waste management as well as on the improved MSW management that should be implemented in this local community by 2027 (Scenario 2027). To visualize waste streams in these two scenarios, the STAN 2.5 software was used, and for the calculation of GHG emissions in the City of Zvornik, the IWM-2 software was used. The MSW management Status Quo is basically characterized by the collection communal of waste and its deposition on the landfill without a degasification system and landfill gas treatment. The guidelines and recommendations for MSW management improvement, Scenario 2027 propose the establishment of separate collections of secondary raw materials and biodegradable waste, and improved collection and treatment of landfill gas at the landfill site. The implementation of these measures would result in a reduction of approximately 40% in GHG emissions compared to the Status Quo. The most significant impact would be realized in the environment due to the collection and treatment of landfill.","PeriodicalId":40710,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Hemicara i Tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine","volume":"43 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139151370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.04
This study reports: a) the content of Ca, Cd, Co, Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, and Zn in wastewater from metal industries and rivers that flow near the metal processing industries; b) the possibility of quantitative determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in the presence of the following cations: Fe3+, Cu2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Mn2+; and Zn2+ and anions Cl-, NO3-, and SO42-; c) speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) on silica gel modified with Nb2O5 . Metals were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, except for Na and K, which were determined by atomic emission spectrometry, and Cr(VI) by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. When the concentration of cations is higher than Mg2+ (>25 mg/L), Ni2+ (>100 mg/L), Fe3+ (>250 mg/L), Zn2+ (>500 mg/L), and Mn2+ (>1000 mg/L), an error greater than 10 % is obtained in the measurement of Cr(III) . Silica gel modified with Nb2O5 can be considered as an effective solid phase extraction adsorbent for speciation of Cr species and simultaneous concentration of Cr(III). The proposed method was successfully applied to the speciation and determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in the analyzed samples. The content of almost all analyzed metals has been below the permitted values for wastewaters.
{"title":"The Influence of Foreign Ions on Determination and Speciation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) from Water Samples","authors":"","doi":"10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.04","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports: a) the content of Ca, Cd, Co, Cr(III), Cr(VI), Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, and Zn in wastewater from metal industries and rivers that flow near the metal processing industries; b) the possibility of quantitative determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in the presence of the following cations: Fe3+, Cu2+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Mn2+; and Zn2+ and anions Cl-, NO3-, and SO42-; c) speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) on silica gel modified with Nb2O5 . Metals were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, except for Na and K, which were determined by atomic emission spectrometry, and Cr(VI) by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry. When the concentration of cations is higher than Mg2+ (>25 mg/L), Ni2+ (>100 mg/L), Fe3+ (>250 mg/L), Zn2+ (>500 mg/L), and Mn2+ (>1000 mg/L), an error greater than 10 % is obtained in the measurement of Cr(III) . Silica gel modified with Nb2O5 can be considered as an effective solid phase extraction adsorbent for speciation of Cr species and simultaneous concentration of Cr(III). The proposed method was successfully applied to the speciation and determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in the analyzed samples. The content of almost all analyzed metals has been below the permitted values for wastewaters.","PeriodicalId":40710,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Hemicara i Tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81782655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.01
S. Korać, Huremović Jasna
Milk is an excellent source of many essential nutrients, including Ca, proteins and vitamin D. Nine metals (Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, Ni and Pb) in raw and pasteurized milk of cow, sheep and goat were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, flame technique. The levels of Cd, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb were below the detection limit of the used method. The concentration ranges for Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu, in all milk samples, were as follows: 459.8-992.8, 59.5-206.8, Mg>Zn>Cu. The highest content of Ca and Mg was found in goat milk. In the case of cow's milk, the content of Ca, Mg and Zn increased with increasing amount of milk fat in processed milk. Matrix correlation analysis showed that there is a significant correlation for the following pairs: Ca-Mg (r = 0.830), Zn-Cu (r = 0.799) and Ca-Zn (r = 0.624). Also, a strong correlation was found between milk fat and Ca, Mg and Zn (Pearson factor, r > 0.600). Based on daily consumption of 200 mL of milk, the milk consumption does not meet the daily requirements for determined elements. Most significant intake was in case of Ca.
{"title":"Content of Metals in Cow, Sheep and Goat Milk Samples","authors":"S. Korać, Huremović Jasna","doi":"10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.01","url":null,"abstract":"Milk is an excellent source of many essential nutrients, including Ca, proteins and vitamin D. Nine metals (Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Zn, Ni and Pb) in raw and pasteurized milk of cow, sheep and goat were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry, flame technique. The levels of Cd, Fe, Mn, Ni and Pb were below the detection limit of the used method. The concentration ranges for Ca, Mg, Zn and Cu, in all milk samples, were as follows: 459.8-992.8, 59.5-206.8, Mg>Zn>Cu. The highest content of Ca and Mg was found in goat milk. In the case of cow's milk, the content of Ca, Mg and Zn increased with increasing amount of milk fat in processed milk. Matrix correlation analysis showed that there is a significant correlation for the following pairs: Ca-Mg (r = 0.830), Zn-Cu (r = 0.799) and Ca-Zn (r = 0.624). Also, a strong correlation was found between milk fat and Ca, Mg and Zn (Pearson factor, r > 0.600). Based on daily consumption of 200 mL of milk, the milk consumption does not meet the daily requirements for determined elements. Most significant intake was in case of Ca.","PeriodicalId":40710,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Hemicara i Tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73536402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.03
One of the challenges in the teaching science in Bosnia and Herzegovina is its plurality of languages and cultural diversity. In the previous initial teacher education, there was a lack of quality preparation for these modern challenges; opportunities to teach cultural and linguistic diversity were not recognized. Therefore, the challenge is to encourage experienced chemistry teachers to develop competencies for an intercultural teaching environment within the Educating Science Teachers for All (ESTA) project. The participants of the in-service professional development program were chemistry teachers from three cantons in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of the program was to develop and improve professional competencies through workshops and work in groups, with discussions on selected topics and laboratory exercises with the use of modern laboratory equipment and ICT. Teaching opportunities were offered in linguistically diverse classes, as well as in classes with other forms of student diversity. The results showed that teachers are aware of the need to be sensitized for student differences. They expressed positive impressions and willingness to adjust the teaching material according to the needs of their students, but also the need for further support through collaboration with the university staff.
{"title":"Adressing Linguistic and Cultural Heterogeneity in Chemistry Classrooms: Findings from the In-service Teacher Training Program","authors":"","doi":"10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.03","url":null,"abstract":"One of the challenges in the teaching science in Bosnia and Herzegovina is its plurality of languages and cultural diversity. In the previous initial teacher education, there was a lack of quality preparation for these modern challenges; opportunities to teach cultural and linguistic diversity were not recognized. Therefore, the challenge is to encourage experienced chemistry teachers to develop competencies for an intercultural teaching environment within the Educating Science Teachers for All (ESTA) project. The participants of the in-service professional development program were chemistry teachers from three cantons in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The aim of the program was to develop and improve professional competencies through workshops and work in groups, with discussions on selected topics and laboratory exercises with the use of modern laboratory equipment and ICT. Teaching opportunities were offered in linguistically diverse classes, as well as in classes with other forms of student diversity. The results showed that teachers are aware of the need to be sensitized for student differences. They expressed positive impressions and willingness to adjust the teaching material according to the needs of their students, but also the need for further support through collaboration with the university staff.","PeriodicalId":40710,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Hemicara i Tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88277656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-29DOI: 10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.02
Hydroxybenzoic acids are an important class of polyphenols because their strong antioxidative activity. In this study, the antioxidant activity of three hydroxybenzoic acids was investigated using the Briggs-Rauscher reaction. Besides individual gallic, protocatechuic, and vanillic acids at concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 µM respectively, the various mixtures of two and three hydroxybenzoic acids were also tested. The highest antioxidant activity showed protocatechuic acid at a concentration of 1000 µM while the lowest antioxidant activity was observed for vanillic acid at a concentration of 250 µM. The most of investigated hydroxybenzoic acids mixtures showed some degree of antagonistic effect. The highest antagonistic effect was found for the equimolar mixture of protocatechuic and vanillic acid at concentration of 250 μM. On the contrary, the equimolar mixture of gallic acid and vanillic acid at the same concentration indicated a high synergistic effect.
{"title":"Investigation of Antioxidant Activity of Gallic, Protocatechuic and Vanilic Acid using the Briggs-Rauscher Reaction as Tool","authors":"","doi":"10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35666/2232-7266.2023.60.02","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxybenzoic acids are an important class of polyphenols because their strong antioxidative activity. In this study, the antioxidant activity of three hydroxybenzoic acids was investigated using the Briggs-Rauscher reaction. Besides individual gallic, protocatechuic, and vanillic acids at concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 µM respectively, the various mixtures of two and three hydroxybenzoic acids were also tested. The highest antioxidant activity showed protocatechuic acid at a concentration of 1000 µM while the lowest antioxidant activity was observed for vanillic acid at a concentration of 250 µM. The most of investigated hydroxybenzoic acids mixtures showed some degree of antagonistic effect. The highest antagonistic effect was found for the equimolar mixture of protocatechuic and vanillic acid at concentration of 250 μM. On the contrary, the equimolar mixture of gallic acid and vanillic acid at the same concentration indicated a high synergistic effect.","PeriodicalId":40710,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Hemicara i Tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90979694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.35666/2232-7266.2022.59.06
There is a growing need to assess the level of contaminants in fish as bioindicators of the health and well-being of fish and humans as its consumers. Contamination by heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn) was evaluated using atomic absorption spectrometer, flame and graphite furnace technique in the water samples and fish muscle tissues of Sander lucioperca, Leuciscus svallize and Tinca tinca of four hydro-accumulation lakes on the Neretva River, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Samples were collected during two seasons: autumn-winter and spring-summer (2019). It has been shown that iron (Fe) was the highest accumulating metal in fish, whilst cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were the lowest. Heavy metals contents were below the maximum permissible for drinking water and for fish as prescribed by national legislation. According to correlation matrix between metals content in all fish during both fishing seasons, the highest values of the Pearson coefficient were obtained in the case of essential elements (Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn) and Fe and Mn also had a statistically significant correlation with Cd and Pb. Furthermore, potential health risk assessment exposure of the adult population in B&H revealed that none of the seven heavy metals pose risk to human health, based on the estimated daily intake via consumption of these fish species as well as target hazard quotient and hazard index values less than 1.
{"title":"Bioaccumulation of metals in fish of different diets from hydro-accumulations on the Neretva River, Bosnia and Herzegovina","authors":"","doi":"10.35666/2232-7266.2022.59.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35666/2232-7266.2022.59.06","url":null,"abstract":"There is a growing need to assess the level of contaminants in fish as bioindicators of the health and well-being of fish and humans as its consumers. Contamination by heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn) was evaluated using atomic absorption spectrometer, flame and graphite furnace technique in the water samples and fish muscle tissues of Sander lucioperca, Leuciscus svallize and Tinca tinca of four hydro-accumulation lakes on the Neretva River, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Samples were collected during two seasons: autumn-winter and spring-summer (2019). It has been shown that iron (Fe) was the highest accumulating metal in fish, whilst cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) were the lowest. Heavy metals contents were below the maximum permissible for drinking water and for fish as prescribed by national legislation. According to correlation matrix between metals content in all fish during both fishing seasons, the highest values of the Pearson coefficient were obtained in the case of essential elements (Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn) and Fe and Mn also had a statistically significant correlation with Cd and Pb. Furthermore, potential health risk assessment exposure of the adult population in B&H revealed that none of the seven heavy metals pose risk to human health, based on the estimated daily intake via consumption of these fish species as well as target hazard quotient and hazard index values less than 1.","PeriodicalId":40710,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Hemicara i Tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77709572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.35666/2232-7266.2021.59.05
The physical and chemical properties of the nanocrystals are highly shape dependent, and shape control has become very important. The seeded growth method enables seeds to grow in a predetermined way. We have already proposed such amodel that can reproduce the granular growth on a triangular lattice and for different growth shapes. In this paper, however, we have introduced a limitation on seed growth up to a certain length. This method can be used when the growth of all seeds have to be limited to the same length, or for a mixture with the different growth limits.The main goal is to investigate how the growing limits affect the values of the percolation threshold and jamming density, and whether large objects significantly affect the percolation threshold. We used growing needle-shaped objects (k-mers) made by a self-avoiding random walk filling the nodes of the triangular lattice. Objects can grow until they reach the growth limit k' defined as the maximum number of lattice nodes belonging to one object. For k' ≥10 percolation is reached for all investigated seed densities. We obtained that the values of the percolation threshold and jamming density are identical for k' ≥10k .Above these values, the percolation threshold and jamming remain unchanged, regardless of the growth limit.Our results also show that when significant growth is allowed, long objects are very rare and do not influence the results.
{"title":"Percolation and jamming properties in limited grain growth of linear objects","authors":"","doi":"10.35666/2232-7266.2021.59.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35666/2232-7266.2021.59.05","url":null,"abstract":"The physical and chemical properties of the nanocrystals are highly shape dependent, and shape control has become very important. The seeded growth method enables seeds to grow in a predetermined way. We have already proposed such amodel that can reproduce the granular growth on a triangular lattice and for different growth shapes. In this paper, however, we have introduced a limitation on seed growth up to a certain length. This method can be used when the growth of all seeds have to be limited to the same length, or for a mixture with the different growth limits.The main goal is to investigate how the growing limits affect the values of the percolation threshold and jamming density, and whether large objects significantly affect the percolation threshold. We used growing needle-shaped objects (k-mers) made by a self-avoiding random walk filling the nodes of the triangular lattice. Objects can grow until they reach the growth limit k' defined as the maximum number of lattice nodes belonging to one object. For k' ≥10 percolation is reached for all investigated seed densities. We obtained that the values of the percolation threshold and jamming density are identical for k' ≥10k .Above these values, the percolation threshold and jamming remain unchanged, regardless of the growth limit.Our results also show that when significant growth is allowed, long objects are very rare and do not influence the results.","PeriodicalId":40710,"journal":{"name":"Glasnik Hemicara i Tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73694527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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