Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003320
M. A. García-Fernández, C. Decroze, D. Carsenat
Reverberation chambers (RC's) are electrically large, highly conductive resonant enclosures used as test facility for radiated emissions and immunity measurements on electronic devices. In literature, it is commonly stated that antenna radiation patterns cannot be measured, if needed, in RC. On the contrary, in this contribution, a novel technique that allows to perform actual antenna radiation pattern measurements in RC is presented. Stationary measurements are performed by locating the antenna under test (AUT) at N different fixed positions along its line-of-sight to a fixed probe antenna per angle under study, and making use of plane wave decomposition and a spatial Doppler analysis, the Doppler power spectral density is obtained, and eventually, the AUT radiation pattern. In order to demonstrate its validity, the radiation pattern for both E- and H-planes of a horn antenna has been measured in an RC at 10 GHz, in X band, and compared to the ones obtained in anechoic chamber, being the results in good agreement. Moreover, an improvement of this technique is presented, which could permit to obtain an antenna radiation pattern by performing only one measurement per angle under study, taking advantage of realtime Doppler effect.
{"title":"Antenna radiation pattern measurements in reverberation chamber using Doppler analysis","authors":"M. A. García-Fernández, C. Decroze, D. Carsenat","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003320","url":null,"abstract":"Reverberation chambers (RC's) are electrically large, highly conductive resonant enclosures used as test facility for radiated emissions and immunity measurements on electronic devices. In literature, it is commonly stated that antenna radiation patterns cannot be measured, if needed, in RC. On the contrary, in this contribution, a novel technique that allows to perform actual antenna radiation pattern measurements in RC is presented. Stationary measurements are performed by locating the antenna under test (AUT) at N different fixed positions along its line-of-sight to a fixed probe antenna per angle under study, and making use of plane wave decomposition and a spatial Doppler analysis, the Doppler power spectral density is obtained, and eventually, the AUT radiation pattern. In order to demonstrate its validity, the radiation pattern for both E- and H-planes of a horn antenna has been measured in an RC at 10 GHz, in X band, and compared to the ones obtained in anechoic chamber, being the results in good agreement. Moreover, an improvement of this technique is presented, which could permit to obtain an antenna radiation pattern by performing only one measurement per angle under study, taking advantage of realtime Doppler effect.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124273961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003308
R. Augustine, S. Raman, A. Rydberg
A novel phantom for skull implant diagnostics is presented in this paper. Specially designed three layer phantom is designed for osseointegration analysis after craniotomy using 2.4 GHz microwave probe. The phantom represents skin, skull and brain, and defects are made in the skull with the dielectric profile variation of realistic implants. The extreme dielectric constant variation of implant and bone gives a high degree of discrimination in resonant frequency. The presented craniotomy phantom is very useful for designing antennas for monitoring skull healing.
{"title":"Microwave phantoms for craniotomy follow-up probe development","authors":"R. Augustine, S. Raman, A. Rydberg","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003308","url":null,"abstract":"A novel phantom for skull implant diagnostics is presented in this paper. Specially designed three layer phantom is designed for osseointegration analysis after craniotomy using 2.4 GHz microwave probe. The phantom represents skin, skull and brain, and defects are made in the skull with the dielectric profile variation of realistic implants. The extreme dielectric constant variation of implant and bone gives a high degree of discrimination in resonant frequency. The presented craniotomy phantom is very useful for designing antennas for monitoring skull healing.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127169751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003432
A. Niembro-Martin, E. Pistono, P. Lemaître-Auger, T. Vuong, G. E. Tourtollet
This paper describes a new setup for the measurement of transmission coefficient of materials. The proposed setup is a cheap and efficient way to obtain a good isolation between the transmission and reception antennas with a single room anechoic chamber. The dynamic range is better than 60 dB between 3 to 7 GHz and better to 40 dB in the range 0.7-3 GHz. Moreover, this measurement bench is easy to install and does not require modifying the configuration of the absorbents of the anechoic chamber. It is a excellent technique to measure the performances of Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS).
{"title":"Efficient setup for the measurement of transmission-coefficients with a single-room anechoic chamber","authors":"A. Niembro-Martin, E. Pistono, P. Lemaître-Auger, T. Vuong, G. E. Tourtollet","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003432","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a new setup for the measurement of transmission coefficient of materials. The proposed setup is a cheap and efficient way to obtain a good isolation between the transmission and reception antennas with a single room anechoic chamber. The dynamic range is better than 60 dB between 3 to 7 GHz and better to 40 dB in the range 0.7-3 GHz. Moreover, this measurement bench is easy to install and does not require modifying the configuration of the absorbents of the anechoic chamber. It is a excellent technique to measure the performances of Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS).","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126169359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003406
M. Crozzoli, D. Disco, P. Gianola, R. Vallauri
Active Antenna Systems embed into one equipment only everything between Base Band processing and signals radiated over the air. It is a new technology for the mobile communications market whose testing requires well-known measurement techniques to be revisited, new ones to be invented and trials are worth being done. Current paper summarizes Telecom Italia experience in that field, after having worked on it for a few years.
{"title":"Active antenna system testing and trials in Telecom Italia","authors":"M. Crozzoli, D. Disco, P. Gianola, R. Vallauri","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003406","url":null,"abstract":"Active Antenna Systems embed into one equipment only everything between Base Band processing and signals radiated over the air. It is a new technology for the mobile communications market whose testing requires well-known measurement techniques to be revisited, new ones to be invented and trials are worth being done. Current paper summarizes Telecom Italia experience in that field, after having worked on it for a few years.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129756955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003361
P. Ventura, F. Hecht, P. Dufilié
In this paper, mutual admittances of a Surface Acoustic Waves (SAW) transducer, infinitely periodic in one direction, are computed using a new numerical coupled Finite Element Method (FEM) / Boundary Integral Equation (BIE) technique. This coupled FEM/BIE numerical model allows the computation of the harmonic admittance of the transducer. We are going to show that using numerical techniques the mutual admittance of the SAW transducer can be derived from the harmonic admittance. Numerical simulations will be shown for a periodic SAW transducer built on Quartz.
{"title":"Mutual admittances of an infinite periodic surface acoustic waves transducer using an original coupled FEM/BIE numerical model","authors":"P. Ventura, F. Hecht, P. Dufilié","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003361","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, mutual admittances of a Surface Acoustic Waves (SAW) transducer, infinitely periodic in one direction, are computed using a new numerical coupled Finite Element Method (FEM) / Boundary Integral Equation (BIE) technique. This coupled FEM/BIE numerical model allows the computation of the harmonic admittance of the transducer. We are going to show that using numerical techniques the mutual admittance of the SAW transducer can be derived from the harmonic admittance. Numerical simulations will be shown for a periodic SAW transducer built on Quartz.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129832534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003430
S. Villers, Amelie Malhage
For years, Airbus Defence & Space has been the European prime contractor for space transportation and orbital infrastructures and has developed telemetry and tracking trajectory systems for launchers and space reentry vehicles. The antennas designed for these systems are measured in a near field range working in a frequency range from 400 MHz to 6 GHz. Recently the ability of the range has been improved to cover a wider frequency band from 100 MHz to 18 GHz. For the higher frequencies a specific wide band probe has been supplied, but for the lower frequencies, we developed our own probes. The probe concept has been studied. A prototype has been produced, tested and validated by performing radiation pattern measurement of a VHF antenna used on Airbus aircrafts.
{"title":"VHF probes for antenna measurement in a near field range","authors":"S. Villers, Amelie Malhage","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003430","url":null,"abstract":"For years, Airbus Defence & Space has been the European prime contractor for space transportation and orbital infrastructures and has developed telemetry and tracking trajectory systems for launchers and space reentry vehicles. The antennas designed for these systems are measured in a near field range working in a frequency range from 400 MHz to 6 GHz. Recently the ability of the range has been improved to cover a wider frequency band from 100 MHz to 18 GHz. For the higher frequencies a specific wide band probe has been supplied, but for the lower frequencies, we developed our own probes. The probe concept has been studied. A prototype has been produced, tested and validated by performing radiation pattern measurement of a VHF antenna used on Airbus aircrafts.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128485562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003350
Thi Quynh Van Hoang, L. Trinh, F. Ferrero, E. Seguenot, T. Vuong, J. Dubard
Rectennas have received considerable attention in the recent decades thanks to their unlimited applications. In this paper, rectenna measurements in a realistic environment will be investigated. The space diversity technique has been used to mitigate the multipath situation. Two configurations for evaluating the performance of the diversity technique applied to the rectenna(s) were carried out. Especially, two fully automatic measurement setups for RF level and DC level are presented. The measurement system is described with the sleeve dipole transmitting antenna, the movable rectenna receiving system and the configuration of the environment. The reference rectennas operating at 2.45 GHz are presented. The experimental results demonstrate that the output signals of rectennas in the realistic environment fluctuate randomly as a function of their positions, resulting in deep fade of signal quality. By using the space diversity technique, we overcome this phenomenon.
{"title":"Rectenna measurement in a realistic environment","authors":"Thi Quynh Van Hoang, L. Trinh, F. Ferrero, E. Seguenot, T. Vuong, J. Dubard","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003350","url":null,"abstract":"Rectennas have received considerable attention in the recent decades thanks to their unlimited applications. In this paper, rectenna measurements in a realistic environment will be investigated. The space diversity technique has been used to mitigate the multipath situation. Two configurations for evaluating the performance of the diversity technique applied to the rectenna(s) were carried out. Especially, two fully automatic measurement setups for RF level and DC level are presented. The measurement system is described with the sleeve dipole transmitting antenna, the movable rectenna receiving system and the configuration of the environment. The reference rectennas operating at 2.45 GHz are presented. The experimental results demonstrate that the output signals of rectennas in the realistic environment fluctuate randomly as a function of their positions, resulting in deep fade of signal quality. By using the space diversity technique, we overcome this phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128513208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003402
A. Tan, Sean Richards, Louise Sarrabezolles, I. Platt, I. Woodhead
A proof-of-concept proximal soil moisture sensor is developed for the precision irrigation of dairy pasture. The proposed sensor, mounted on the boom of an irrigator, measures the soil moisture of ground area in front of the irrigator and feeds the measured moisture data to the variable rate irrigator's controller. The sensor adopts techniques from the ultrawideband radar, in which the ground's resolution area is confined by both its antenna beamwidth and transmitted pulse-width. In this paper, we present the sensing methodology, design, prototyping, measurement and results of the proposed sensor. Measured results demonstrate the sensor's performance in terms of its soil moisture measurement accuracy, and the effects of varying sward heights of pasture grass.
{"title":"Proximal soil moisture sensing of dairy pasture","authors":"A. Tan, Sean Richards, Louise Sarrabezolles, I. Platt, I. Woodhead","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003402","url":null,"abstract":"A proof-of-concept proximal soil moisture sensor is developed for the precision irrigation of dairy pasture. The proposed sensor, mounted on the boom of an irrigator, measures the soil moisture of ground area in front of the irrigator and feeds the measured moisture data to the variable rate irrigator's controller. The sensor adopts techniques from the ultrawideband radar, in which the ground's resolution area is confined by both its antenna beamwidth and transmitted pulse-width. In this paper, we present the sensing methodology, design, prototyping, measurement and results of the proposed sensor. Measured results demonstrate the sensor's performance in terms of its soil moisture measurement accuracy, and the effects of varying sward heights of pasture grass.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130314736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003353
Marvin Barahona, Diego Betancourt, F. Ellinger
In this paper, a technique to simultaneously decode multiple in-line placed and same-coded chipless radio-frequency identification tags is proposed. The methodology presented is valid for short range applications up to 1 m, and is based on the analysis of the received radar cross section of different sets of same-coded chipless tags, which makes the set identification independent of the distance to the reader. The received radar cross section increases directly proportional to the amount of chipless tags located within the reader's interrogation zone. Several 3 bit chipless tags orientation independent and between the UWB frequency range from 3 to 6 GHz are fabricated using copper strips and commercial bond paper as a substrate. Up to 5 same-coded chipless tags placed in-line are successfully decoded at different distances from the reader, this enables the short range counting of same tagged objects. The technique is verified by simulation and measurements, confirming its viability to use the radar cross section to perform the multi decoding of same-coded chipless tags.
{"title":"Decoding of multiple same-coded in-line placed chipless RFID tags","authors":"Marvin Barahona, Diego Betancourt, F. Ellinger","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003353","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a technique to simultaneously decode multiple in-line placed and same-coded chipless radio-frequency identification tags is proposed. The methodology presented is valid for short range applications up to 1 m, and is based on the analysis of the received radar cross section of different sets of same-coded chipless tags, which makes the set identification independent of the distance to the reader. The received radar cross section increases directly proportional to the amount of chipless tags located within the reader's interrogation zone. Several 3 bit chipless tags orientation independent and between the UWB frequency range from 3 to 6 GHz are fabricated using copper strips and commercial bond paper as a substrate. Up to 5 same-coded chipless tags placed in-line are successfully decoded at different distances from the reader, this enables the short range counting of same tagged objects. The technique is verified by simulation and measurements, confirming its viability to use the radar cross section to perform the multi decoding of same-coded chipless tags.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130550892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-11-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003343
M. Al Sharkawy, A. Kishk
Two different radiating mechanisms are implemented using the ridge gap waveguide (RGW) technology for the design of a frequency scanning antenna with high gain; through a number of radiating slots array. A Quasi-TEM horn of a shaped ridge is designed as a guiding structure to direct the propagating waves in the enclosed air gap between the ridge and the top radiating metallic plate. The first well known mechanism is to introduce one guided wavelength separation between the slots to assure that the slots are in phase. The drawback of such mechanism is the presence of undesired grating lobe. In order to eliminate the grating lobe, another mechanism is introduced, which is newly implemented here in the RGW technology. A non-radiating longitudinal slot is used to split each slot into two halves. Each half is then displaced along the non-radiating slot by a half wavelength. At the feed end, a phase shifter of 180° is introduced. This new arrangements allows a distance of a half wavelength between each two neighboring slots and thus eliminating the grating lobe.
{"title":"Frequency scanning long slots array in a ridge gap waveguide technology","authors":"M. Al Sharkawy, A. Kishk","doi":"10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMA.2014.7003343","url":null,"abstract":"Two different radiating mechanisms are implemented using the ridge gap waveguide (RGW) technology for the design of a frequency scanning antenna with high gain; through a number of radiating slots array. A Quasi-TEM horn of a shaped ridge is designed as a guiding structure to direct the propagating waves in the enclosed air gap between the ridge and the top radiating metallic plate. The first well known mechanism is to introduce one guided wavelength separation between the slots to assure that the slots are in phase. The drawback of such mechanism is the presence of undesired grating lobe. In order to eliminate the grating lobe, another mechanism is introduced, which is newly implemented here in the RGW technology. A non-radiating longitudinal slot is used to split each slot into two halves. Each half is then displaced along the non-radiating slot by a half wavelength. At the feed end, a phase shifter of 180° is introduced. This new arrangements allows a distance of a half wavelength between each two neighboring slots and thus eliminating the grating lobe.","PeriodicalId":409536,"journal":{"name":"2014 IEEE Conference on Antenna Measurements & Applications (CAMA)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116364258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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