This chapter details aspects of Fisk University, Stillman Institute, and Tuskegee Institute that Althea Brown and Alonzo Edmiston adapted for religious education from 1918 to 1919. It analyzes each missionary’s experiences at one of these campuses between 1892 and 1904 to show the academic roots of their perspectives on art, folklore, finance, local politics, and sustainable agriculture. Details of the consequences of colonial taxation and forced labor help explain why the Edmistons’ plans for the Luebo Agricultural College failed the following year. Descriptions of the student body suggest that the legacy of the college reflected its balance of classical and industrial education even when its agricultural goals went unmet.
{"title":"Implementing Historically Black Education Strategies at the Presbyterian Congo Mission, 1918–1919","authors":"Kimberly D. Hill","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13xpr8m.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13xpr8m.7","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter details aspects of Fisk University, Stillman Institute, and Tuskegee Institute that Althea Brown and Alonzo Edmiston adapted for religious education from 1918 to 1919. It analyzes each missionary’s experiences at one of these campuses between 1892 and 1904 to show the academic roots of their perspectives on art, folklore, finance, local politics, and sustainable agriculture. Details of the consequences of colonial taxation and forced labor help explain why the Edmistons’ plans for the Luebo Agricultural College failed the following year. Descriptions of the student body suggest that the legacy of the college reflected its balance of classical and industrial education even when its agricultural goals went unmet.","PeriodicalId":409650,"journal":{"name":"A Higher Mission","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131266845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter analyzes international power struggles during the final years of the Edmistons’ joint ministry. It shows that African Presbyterian leaders gained more authority within the American Presbyterian Congo Mission during the early 1930s in part because of lingering fears about Pan-Africanism and African American civil rights activism. Changes in the authority of African pastors are shown through Congo Mission committee meeting records that describe numerous conflicts between certain pastors and Alonzo Edmiston. The records indicate declining administrative support for Edmiston while his affiliation with Belgian colonial government officials increased. The incidents of isolation and segregation that Edmiston and Brown experienced during these years are compared to the contemporary racial segregation in the couple’s home base of Selma, Alabama. Their personal and professional connections to early civil rights leaders in that city are analyzed through a description of the Edmistons’ final furlough.
{"title":"On the Perimeter of Two Freedom Struggles, 1930–1936","authors":"Kimberly D. Hill","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13xpr8m.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13xpr8m.9","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyzes international power struggles during the final years of the Edmistons’ joint ministry. It shows that African Presbyterian leaders gained more authority within the American Presbyterian Congo Mission during the early 1930s in part because of lingering fears about Pan-Africanism and African American civil rights activism. Changes in the authority of African pastors are shown through Congo Mission committee meeting records that describe numerous conflicts between certain pastors and Alonzo Edmiston. The records indicate declining administrative support for Edmiston while his affiliation with Belgian colonial government officials increased. The incidents of isolation and segregation that Edmiston and Brown experienced during these years are compared to the contemporary racial segregation in the couple’s home base of Selma, Alabama. Their personal and professional connections to early civil rights leaders in that city are analyzed through a description of the Edmistons’ final furlough.","PeriodicalId":409650,"journal":{"name":"A Higher Mission","volume":"539 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133824433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chapter 2 analyzes the effect of globalized industrial education strategies on the career prospects of African American missionaries. It identifies the restrictive policies applied to students and graduates from the three institutions that the Edmistons were affiliated with: Fisk University, Stillman Institute, and Tuskegee Institute. The chapter explains how the couple tried to adjust to new work expectations without either reducing their ministries to manual labor alone or falling victim to undisclosed moratoriums on African American international travel. It also shows how increased colonial demands for African laborers increased the pressure for African Americans to design a just alternative within the setting of the mission stations.
{"title":"Congo Missionaries and the Perpetuation of Manual Labor, 1908–1936","authors":"Kimberly D. Hill","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13xpr8m.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13xpr8m.6","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 2 analyzes the effect of globalized industrial education strategies on the career prospects of African American missionaries. It identifies the restrictive policies applied to students and graduates from the three institutions that the Edmistons were affiliated with: Fisk University, Stillman Institute, and Tuskegee Institute. The chapter explains how the couple tried to adjust to new work expectations without either reducing their ministries to manual labor alone or falling victim to undisclosed moratoriums on African American international travel. It also shows how increased colonial demands for African laborers increased the pressure for African Americans to design a just alternative within the setting of the mission stations.","PeriodicalId":409650,"journal":{"name":"A Higher Mission","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122367713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chapter 1 explains trends in the African American Protestant missions movement up to 1907 with a focus on William Henry Sheppard and the black staff of the American Presbyterian Congo Mission. The literary and musical accomplishments of Althea Brown are introduced in the context of her classical training at Fisk University. The role that Alonzo Edmiston played in developing industrial education at the Congo Mission is introduced through his childhood working on a Tennessee plantation and his education at Stillman Institute. The final section explains how both ministers applied their academic backgrounds and the lessons of previous black missionaries to rebuilding a mission station despite political turmoil in the region.
{"title":"Industrial Education and Symbolic Home Building in the Congo Free State, 1898–1907","authors":"Kimberly D. Hill","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv13xpr8m.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv13xpr8m.5","url":null,"abstract":"Chapter 1 explains trends in the African American Protestant missions movement up to 1907 with a focus on William Henry Sheppard and the black staff of the American Presbyterian Congo Mission. The literary and musical accomplishments of Althea Brown are introduced in the context of her classical training at Fisk University. The role that Alonzo Edmiston played in developing industrial education at the Congo Mission is introduced through his childhood working on a Tennessee plantation and his education at Stillman Institute. The final section explains how both ministers applied their academic backgrounds and the lessons of previous black missionaries to rebuilding a mission station despite political turmoil in the region.","PeriodicalId":409650,"journal":{"name":"A Higher Mission","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122640727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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