Pub Date : 2018-11-10DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81592
Yuan He, Xinyu Li, Xiaojun Jing
In this chapter, we describe methods toward deep learning-based human target analy- sis. Firstly, human target analysis in 2D and 3D domains of radar signal is introduced. Furthermore, range-Doppler surface for human target analysis using ultra-wideband radar is described. The construction of range-Doppler surface involves range-Doppler imaging, adaptive threshold detection, and isosurface extraction. In comparison with micro-Doppler profiles and high-resolution range profiles, range-Doppler surface contains range, Doppler, and time information simultaneously. An ellipsoid-based human motion model is designed for validation. Range-Doppler surfaces simulated for different human activities are dem onstrated and discussed. With the rapid emergence of deep learning, the development of radar target recognition has been accelerated. We describe several deep learning algorithms for human target analysis. Finally, a few future research considerations are listed to spark inspiration.
{"title":"Toward Deep Learning-Based Human Target Analysis","authors":"Yuan He, Xinyu Li, Xiaojun Jing","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81592","url":null,"abstract":"In this chapter, we describe methods toward deep learning-based human target analy- sis. Firstly, human target analysis in 2D and 3D domains of radar signal is introduced. Furthermore, range-Doppler surface for human target analysis using ultra-wideband radar is described. The construction of range-Doppler surface involves range-Doppler imaging, adaptive threshold detection, and isosurface extraction. In comparison with micro-Doppler profiles and high-resolution range profiles, range-Doppler surface contains range, Doppler, and time information simultaneously. An ellipsoid-based human motion model is designed for validation. Range-Doppler surfaces simulated for different human activities are dem onstrated and discussed. With the rapid emergence of deep learning, the development of radar target recognition has been accelerated. We describe several deep learning algorithms for human target analysis. Finally, a few future research considerations are listed to spark inspiration.","PeriodicalId":410325,"journal":{"name":"UWB Technology and its Applications","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123269713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-05DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80004
X. Guan
Slot-line ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filters and band-notched UWB filters are presented for UWB systems. Three types of slot-line multimode resonators are proposed and studied. Microstrip feed lines are used to realize the desired strong external coupling in a simple manner. By properly allocating the resonant modes of resonator and external coupling, UWB bandpass filters have been realized. Next, microstrip resonators, i.e., open-loop resonator, stub-loaded dual-mode resonator, and triangular dual-mode ring resonator, are loaded to the slot-line; notched bands are realized in the UWB passbands. The design methodology has been verified by the measured results.
{"title":"Slot-Line UWB Bandpass Filters and Band-Notched UWB Filters","authors":"X. Guan","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80004","url":null,"abstract":"Slot-line ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filters and band-notched UWB filters are presented for UWB systems. Three types of slot-line multimode resonators are proposed and studied. Microstrip feed lines are used to realize the desired strong external coupling in a simple manner. By properly allocating the resonant modes of resonator and external coupling, UWB bandpass filters have been realized. Next, microstrip resonators, i.e., open-loop resonator, stub-loaded dual-mode resonator, and triangular dual-mode ring resonator, are loaded to the slot-line; notched bands are realized in the UWB passbands. The design methodology has been verified by the measured results.","PeriodicalId":410325,"journal":{"name":"UWB Technology and its Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131533549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-05DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79679
Ikram E Khuda
Breast cancer is considered a leading cause of deaths among women. Researches state that women around the world still face this problem, and because of its unawareness, it is many times left unattended in the budding stages. If correctly screened and detected early, then with proper treatment, this could stop the metastasis and reduce the pains and difficulties of the later stages. Screening methods such as x-ray-based mammography, ultrasound, PET scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) clinically exist for breast tumor investigation. It is very important that screening procedures should have high specificity and sensitivity for the detection of tumors. Additionally, these methods also have to placate concerns such as ease of the patient during imaging, high-resolution images for added precise elucidation, cost effectiveness, and the capacity to detect the malignantleading tumors in the early stage. Existing imaging techniques do not meet all of these conditions concurrently. In this scenario, ultra-wide band (UWB) technology has come into play the role of a useful alternative for screening and detection of breast tumors. This chapter discusses firstly probabilistic qualitative metrics which are used in measuring the quality of testing procedures, and then later UWB testing methods are discussed in brief.
{"title":"Feasibility of the Detection of Breast Cancer Using Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) Technology in Comparison with Other Screening Techniques","authors":"Ikram E Khuda","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79679","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is considered a leading cause of deaths among women. Researches state that women around the world still face this problem, and because of its unawareness, it is many times left unattended in the budding stages. If correctly screened and detected early, then with proper treatment, this could stop the metastasis and reduce the pains and difficulties of the later stages. Screening methods such as x-ray-based mammography, ultrasound, PET scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) clinically exist for breast tumor investigation. It is very important that screening procedures should have high specificity and sensitivity for the detection of tumors. Additionally, these methods also have to placate concerns such as ease of the patient during imaging, high-resolution images for added precise elucidation, cost effectiveness, and the capacity to detect the malignantleading tumors in the early stage. Existing imaging techniques do not meet all of these conditions concurrently. In this scenario, ultra-wide band (UWB) technology has come into play the role of a useful alternative for screening and detection of breast tumors. This chapter discusses firstly probabilistic qualitative metrics which are used in measuring the quality of testing procedures, and then later UWB testing methods are discussed in brief.","PeriodicalId":410325,"journal":{"name":"UWB Technology and its Applications","volume":"272 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134069221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-05DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79888
Rabia Yahya, A. Nakamura, M. Itami
As antennas are indispensable elements in wireless systems, it is necessary to provide UWB antennas suitable for UWB systems. The most proposed UWB antennas have omnidirectional radiation, which provides the wide coverage area that is highly demanded by many conventional UWB applications. However, directional radiation is more beneficial for other UWB applications and it may even be beneficial for the conventional UWB omnidirectional applications in some environments that contain many sources of interference and distorting objects, where the omnidirectional radiation leads to high interference and loss of power in undesirable directions. Consequently, an immense research has addressed the issue of realizing UWB planar antennas with unidirectional radiation characteristics. Basically, the main technique used to create unidirectional radiation patterns is employing cavity-baking reflectors to redirect the back radiation, hence increasing the gain of the radiators. In addition, these reflectors can decouple the mounted radiator from the surroundings that can damage its characteristics. Therefore, we suggest the employment of UWB reflectors to achieve UWB planar antennas with directional radiation. Our research for designing optimal UWB reflectors has led to the investigation in the field of frequency selective surfaces (FSSs), which are valuable struc tures and can be of great interest to a wide range of applications especially UWB applica- tions. Subsequently, the main aim of this chapter is to give a review of the fundamental uses of FSSs in antenna engineering and the basic physical concepts that have been employed to serve the purpose of enhancing antennas’ performances using FSSs with a variety of features and characteristics. Furthermore, it is geared toward the presentation of our proposed UWB FSS-based antennas. First, we use basic FSSs such as the capacitive and its complementary inductive FSSs to design UWB reflectors that can serve improving and stabilizing the gain of UWB antennas. Thereafter, a proposed UWB single-layer FSS is used to serve the same purpose. Then, the FSS is integrated and designed together with UWB radiator, which resulted in lower profile along with good performance.
{"title":"Ultra-Wideband FSS-Based Antennas","authors":"Rabia Yahya, A. Nakamura, M. Itami","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79888","url":null,"abstract":"As antennas are indispensable elements in wireless systems, it is necessary to provide UWB antennas suitable for UWB systems. The most proposed UWB antennas have omnidirectional radiation, which provides the wide coverage area that is highly demanded by many conventional UWB applications. However, directional radiation is more beneficial for other UWB applications and it may even be beneficial for the conventional UWB omnidirectional applications in some environments that contain many sources of interference and distorting objects, where the omnidirectional radiation leads to high interference and loss of power in undesirable directions. Consequently, an immense research has addressed the issue of realizing UWB planar antennas with unidirectional radiation characteristics. Basically, the main technique used to create unidirectional radiation patterns is employing cavity-baking reflectors to redirect the back radiation, hence increasing the gain of the radiators. In addition, these reflectors can decouple the mounted radiator from the surroundings that can damage its characteristics. Therefore, we suggest the employment of UWB reflectors to achieve UWB planar antennas with directional radiation. Our research for designing optimal UWB reflectors has led to the investigation in the field of frequency selective surfaces (FSSs), which are valuable struc tures and can be of great interest to a wide range of applications especially UWB applica- tions. Subsequently, the main aim of this chapter is to give a review of the fundamental uses of FSSs in antenna engineering and the basic physical concepts that have been employed to serve the purpose of enhancing antennas’ performances using FSSs with a variety of features and characteristics. Furthermore, it is geared toward the presentation of our proposed UWB FSS-based antennas. First, we use basic FSSs such as the capacitive and its complementary inductive FSSs to design UWB reflectors that can serve improving and stabilizing the gain of UWB antennas. Thereafter, a proposed UWB single-layer FSS is used to serve the same purpose. Then, the FSS is integrated and designed together with UWB radiator, which resulted in lower profile along with good performance.","PeriodicalId":410325,"journal":{"name":"UWB Technology and its Applications","volume":"128 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125268624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-11-05DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81311
Ke Xu
Demands for efficient and reliable wireless communications between computers, mobile phones, and other portable electronic devices in short distances are increasing very fast. Ultra-wideband impulse radio is one of the promising techniques, which has gained much research interests in recent years. It covers a wide scope of applications in shortreach wireless communications. Conventionally, the low-bandwidth electronics can process the UWB signals very well. More recently, microwave photonics has enabled a new paradigm for developing UWB techniques in photonic domain. The photonic approaches offer much higher bandwidth and seamless compatibility with optical fiber networks, which allow for scaling the UWB technology to more advanced application scenarios. This chapter is included because photonic approaches have become a unique and effective technique in microwave signal processing. We do not attempt to offer a comprehensive review of UWB photonics, but rather to introduce the typical photonic solutions for UWB signal generation, modulation, transmission, down conversion, and so on.
{"title":"UWB Signal Generation and Modulation Based on Photonic Approaches","authors":"Ke Xu","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.81311","url":null,"abstract":"Demands for efficient and reliable wireless communications between computers, mobile phones, and other portable electronic devices in short distances are increasing very fast. Ultra-wideband impulse radio is one of the promising techniques, which has gained much research interests in recent years. It covers a wide scope of applications in shortreach wireless communications. Conventionally, the low-bandwidth electronics can process the UWB signals very well. More recently, microwave photonics has enabled a new paradigm for developing UWB techniques in photonic domain. The photonic approaches offer much higher bandwidth and seamless compatibility with optical fiber networks, which allow for scaling the UWB technology to more advanced application scenarios. This chapter is included because photonic approaches have become a unique and effective technique in microwave signal processing. We do not attempt to offer a comprehensive review of UWB photonics, but rather to introduce the typical photonic solutions for UWB signal generation, modulation, transmission, down conversion, and so on.","PeriodicalId":410325,"journal":{"name":"UWB Technology and its Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129651826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：