Pub Date : 1997-03-19DOI: 10.1109/APDC.1997.574013
D. Tutsch, G. Hommel
Multistage Banyan networks are frequently proposed as connections in multiprocessor systems. There exist several studies to determine the performance of networks in which messages are unicasted. (One processor sends a message to one and only one other processor.) In this paper, a timed Petri net model is used to derive the performance of buffered Banyan networks, in which messages may also be multicasted (One processor can send a message to more than one other processor). We consider a Banyan network with 2/spl times/2-switches and the two cases of complete and partial broadcasting within the switching elements, An algorithm is presented to calculate the destination distribution in all network stages for arbitrary destination patterns of incoming uniform packet traffic. Thus, the automatic generation of timed Petri net models is possible for arbitrary destination patterns of the packets. The dependency upon the network size is also considered.
{"title":"Performance of buffered multistage interconnection networks in case of packet multicasting","authors":"D. Tutsch, G. Hommel","doi":"10.1109/APDC.1997.574013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APDC.1997.574013","url":null,"abstract":"Multistage Banyan networks are frequently proposed as connections in multiprocessor systems. There exist several studies to determine the performance of networks in which messages are unicasted. (One processor sends a message to one and only one other processor.) In this paper, a timed Petri net model is used to derive the performance of buffered Banyan networks, in which messages may also be multicasted (One processor can send a message to more than one other processor). We consider a Banyan network with 2/spl times/2-switches and the two cases of complete and partial broadcasting within the switching elements, An algorithm is presented to calculate the destination distribution in all network stages for arbitrary destination patterns of incoming uniform packet traffic. Thus, the automatic generation of timed Petri net models is possible for arbitrary destination patterns of the packets. The dependency upon the network size is also considered.","PeriodicalId":413925,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Advances in Parallel and Distributed Computing","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130591543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-19DOI: 10.1109/APDC.1997.574045
I. Ahmad, Muhammad Kafil
An efficient assignment of tasks to the processors is imperative for achieving fast job turnaround time in a parallel or distributed environment. The assignment problem is well known to be NP-complete, except in a few special cases. Thus heuristics are used to obtain suboptimal solutions in reasonable amount of time. While a plethora of such heuristics have been documented in the literature, in this paper we aim to develop techniques for finding optimal solutions under the most relaxed assumptions. We propose a best-first search based parallel algorithm that generates optimal solution for assigning an arbitrary task graph to an arbitrary network of homogeneous or heterogeneous processors. The parallel algorithm running on the Intel Paragon gives optimal assignments for problems of medium to large sizes. We believe our algorithms to be novel in solving an indispensable problem in parallel and distributed computing.
{"title":"A parallel algorithm for optimal task assignment in distributed systems","authors":"I. Ahmad, Muhammad Kafil","doi":"10.1109/APDC.1997.574045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APDC.1997.574045","url":null,"abstract":"An efficient assignment of tasks to the processors is imperative for achieving fast job turnaround time in a parallel or distributed environment. The assignment problem is well known to be NP-complete, except in a few special cases. Thus heuristics are used to obtain suboptimal solutions in reasonable amount of time. While a plethora of such heuristics have been documented in the literature, in this paper we aim to develop techniques for finding optimal solutions under the most relaxed assumptions. We propose a best-first search based parallel algorithm that generates optimal solution for assigning an arbitrary task graph to an arbitrary network of homogeneous or heterogeneous processors. The parallel algorithm running on the Intel Paragon gives optimal assignments for problems of medium to large sizes. We believe our algorithms to be novel in solving an indispensable problem in parallel and distributed computing.","PeriodicalId":413925,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Advances in Parallel and Distributed Computing","volume":"16 S1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133105923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-19DOI: 10.1109/APDC.1997.574020
Linpeng Huang, Yongqiang Sun
Past attempts to apply Girard's linear logic to Lafont's interaction nets by treating "symbols" as logical rules, however, failed to come to a significant explanation. In this paper, we try to model "symbols" as external axioms and use "tensor" to describe partition of auxiliary ports. We show that our solution leads to a very natural logical interpretation of the computation on interaction nets.
{"title":"Interaction nets revisited","authors":"Linpeng Huang, Yongqiang Sun","doi":"10.1109/APDC.1997.574020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APDC.1997.574020","url":null,"abstract":"Past attempts to apply Girard's linear logic to Lafont's interaction nets by treating \"symbols\" as logical rules, however, failed to come to a significant explanation. In this paper, we try to model \"symbols\" as external axioms and use \"tensor\" to describe partition of auxiliary ports. We show that our solution leads to a very natural logical interpretation of the computation on interaction nets.","PeriodicalId":413925,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Advances in Parallel and Distributed Computing","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132275138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-19DOI: 10.1109/APDC.1997.574057
Jingde Cheng
This paper surveys the program dependence analysis technique for parallel and/or distributed programs and its applications from the viewpoint of software engineering. We present primary program dependences which may exist in a parallel and/or distributed program, a general approach to define, analyze, and represent these program dependences formally, and applications of an explicit program dependence based representation for parallel and/or distributed programs in various software engineering activities. We also suggest some research problems an this direction.
{"title":"Dependence analysis of parallel and distributed programs and its applications","authors":"Jingde Cheng","doi":"10.1109/APDC.1997.574057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APDC.1997.574057","url":null,"abstract":"This paper surveys the program dependence analysis technique for parallel and/or distributed programs and its applications from the viewpoint of software engineering. We present primary program dependences which may exist in a parallel and/or distributed program, a general approach to define, analyze, and represent these program dependences formally, and applications of an explicit program dependence based representation for parallel and/or distributed programs in various software engineering activities. We also suggest some research problems an this direction.","PeriodicalId":413925,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Advances in Parallel and Distributed Computing","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132232486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-19DOI: 10.1109/APDC.1997.574011
Yang Shi, Chenxi Zhang, Chunyuan Zhang
Computer numerical simulation is widely applied in engineering and social fields. It has shown great value in these fields. Small scale simulation applications can be processed on the traditional simulation computer, but with the size of problem increasing, sequential processing cannot meet the requirements. Dynamic real-time simulation and super real-time simulation require high performance simulation computers. In this paper we first analyse the structure of a classical simulation computer AD-100 which was developed by ADI Inc., then a novel structure for a simulation computer which adopts the MPP technology is proposed. At the end of this paper an experimental result is given to test the feasibility of parallel simulation processing.
{"title":"The study of parallel simulation processing based on MPP technology","authors":"Yang Shi, Chenxi Zhang, Chunyuan Zhang","doi":"10.1109/APDC.1997.574011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APDC.1997.574011","url":null,"abstract":"Computer numerical simulation is widely applied in engineering and social fields. It has shown great value in these fields. Small scale simulation applications can be processed on the traditional simulation computer, but with the size of problem increasing, sequential processing cannot meet the requirements. Dynamic real-time simulation and super real-time simulation require high performance simulation computers. In this paper we first analyse the structure of a classical simulation computer AD-100 which was developed by ADI Inc., then a novel structure for a simulation computer which adopts the MPP technology is proposed. At the end of this paper an experimental result is given to test the feasibility of parallel simulation processing.","PeriodicalId":413925,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Advances in Parallel and Distributed Computing","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125029391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-19DOI: 10.1109/APDC.1997.574052
Guangzuo Cui, Mingzeng Hu, Xiaoming Li
This paper presents a new rapid thread replacement mechanism which is important in multithread technology. Analysis to the memory system indicates that the memory utilization decreases with the increase of cache hit ratio. The parallelism between thread computation and thread replacement is found by analyzing their working processes. Based on these, we advance a rapid multithread replacement mechanism which overlaps the thread replacement with thread computation. More especially, with finite hardware contexts, this mechanism can play the same role of infinite contexts by tolerating the replacement overhead. By modifying the general thread switching model, we build the thread replacement model and evaluate this mechanism in theory and experiment methods. At last, we discuss the hardware implementation and put forward the problems to be resolved in the future.
{"title":"Parallel replacement mechanism for multithread","authors":"Guangzuo Cui, Mingzeng Hu, Xiaoming Li","doi":"10.1109/APDC.1997.574052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APDC.1997.574052","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new rapid thread replacement mechanism which is important in multithread technology. Analysis to the memory system indicates that the memory utilization decreases with the increase of cache hit ratio. The parallelism between thread computation and thread replacement is found by analyzing their working processes. Based on these, we advance a rapid multithread replacement mechanism which overlaps the thread replacement with thread computation. More especially, with finite hardware contexts, this mechanism can play the same role of infinite contexts by tolerating the replacement overhead. By modifying the general thread switching model, we build the thread replacement model and evaluate this mechanism in theory and experiment methods. At last, we discuss the hardware implementation and put forward the problems to be resolved in the future.","PeriodicalId":413925,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Advances in Parallel and Distributed Computing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123356011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-19DOI: 10.1109/APDC.1997.574043
P. Scholz, Erwin Harbeck
In the course of the development of reactive systems often real time constraints have to be met. In such time critical applications heterogeneous multi-processor systems are used in order to fulfill these time constraints. This paper presents a hybrid partitioning method that uses a stochastic algorithm together with mixed integer linear programming. This method supports the development of time critical systems. We assume that the algorithm which has to be analyzed is given in the form of a so-called task-graph. The goal of the overall method is to fix for every task the processor that will execute it and the starting time of this execution. The main issue is a high-level synthesis-like method for constructing a problem-specific multi-processor board. The presented methods have been fully implemented and tested.
{"title":"Task assignment for distributed computing","authors":"P. Scholz, Erwin Harbeck","doi":"10.1109/APDC.1997.574043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APDC.1997.574043","url":null,"abstract":"In the course of the development of reactive systems often real time constraints have to be met. In such time critical applications heterogeneous multi-processor systems are used in order to fulfill these time constraints. This paper presents a hybrid partitioning method that uses a stochastic algorithm together with mixed integer linear programming. This method supports the development of time critical systems. We assume that the algorithm which has to be analyzed is given in the form of a so-called task-graph. The goal of the overall method is to fix for every task the processor that will execute it and the starting time of this execution. The main issue is a high-level synthesis-like method for constructing a problem-specific multi-processor board. The presented methods have been fully implemented and tested.","PeriodicalId":413925,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Advances in Parallel and Distributed Computing","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128156812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-19DOI: 10.1109/APDC.1997.574051
R. Baldoni, J. Hélary, A. Mostéfaoui, M. Raynal
In many systems, backward recovery constitutes a classical technique to ensure fault-tolerance. It consists in restoring a computation in a consistent global state, saved in a global checkpoint, from which this computation can be resumed. A global checkpoint includes a set of local checkpoints, one from each process which correspond to local states dumped onto stable storage. In this paper we are interested in defining formally the domino effect for shared memory systems be the shared memory a physical one (as in multiprocessor systems) or a virtual one (as in distributed shared memory systems) and in designing a domino-free adaptive algorithm. These results lie on a necessary and sufficient condition which shows when a set of local checkpoints can belong to some consistent global checkpoint.
{"title":"Consistent state restoration in shared memory systems","authors":"R. Baldoni, J. Hélary, A. Mostéfaoui, M. Raynal","doi":"10.1109/APDC.1997.574051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APDC.1997.574051","url":null,"abstract":"In many systems, backward recovery constitutes a classical technique to ensure fault-tolerance. It consists in restoring a computation in a consistent global state, saved in a global checkpoint, from which this computation can be resumed. A global checkpoint includes a set of local checkpoints, one from each process which correspond to local states dumped onto stable storage. In this paper we are interested in defining formally the domino effect for shared memory systems be the shared memory a physical one (as in multiprocessor systems) or a virtual one (as in distributed shared memory systems) and in designing a domino-free adaptive algorithm. These results lie on a necessary and sufficient condition which shows when a set of local checkpoints can belong to some consistent global checkpoint.","PeriodicalId":413925,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Advances in Parallel and Distributed Computing","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125590441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-19DOI: 10.1109/APDC.1997.574019
H. Bi
Data-parallel applications are usually programmed in the SPMD paradigm by using a message passing system such as MPI or PVM. However programming by using message passing primitives is still tedious and error-prone. This paper presents an abstraction of message passing programming in C++ to relieve programmers of low-level considerations. The runtime overhead introduced by the abstraction is shown to be negligible.
{"title":"Towards abstraction of message passing programming","authors":"H. Bi","doi":"10.1109/APDC.1997.574019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APDC.1997.574019","url":null,"abstract":"Data-parallel applications are usually programmed in the SPMD paradigm by using a message passing system such as MPI or PVM. However programming by using message passing primitives is still tedious and error-prone. This paper presents an abstraction of message passing programming in C++ to relieve programmers of low-level considerations. The runtime overhead introduced by the abstraction is shown to be negligible.","PeriodicalId":413925,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Advances in Parallel and Distributed Computing","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122521635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-03-19DOI: 10.1109/APDC.1997.574026
Jörn Eisenbiegler, Welf Löwe, A. Wehrenpfennig
We present a strategy for optimizing parallel algorithms introducing redundant computations. In order to calculate the optimal amount of redundancy, we generalize the LogP model to capture messages of varying sizes using functions instead of constants for the machine parameters. We validate our method for a wave simulation algorithm on a Parsytec PowerXplorer with eight processors and a workstation cluster with four workstations.
{"title":"On the optimization by redundancy using an extended LogP model","authors":"Jörn Eisenbiegler, Welf Löwe, A. Wehrenpfennig","doi":"10.1109/APDC.1997.574026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APDC.1997.574026","url":null,"abstract":"We present a strategy for optimizing parallel algorithms introducing redundant computations. In order to calculate the optimal amount of redundancy, we generalize the LogP model to capture messages of varying sizes using functions instead of constants for the machine parameters. We validate our method for a wave simulation algorithm on a Parsytec PowerXplorer with eight processors and a workstation cluster with four workstations.","PeriodicalId":413925,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. Advances in Parallel and Distributed Computing","volume":"78 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114809573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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