Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.11648/j.ijass.20241201.11
Uluma Edward, C. Uga, Athwart Odhiambo, B. Adhikari, S. Gautam, Ndinya Boniface, Omondi George, A. Giri, Dessalegn Teferi, Negasa Belay, A. Silwal
During sand and dust storm (SDS) events, atmospheric suspension and transport of sand and dust brings a reasonable amount of electrification in the atmosphere which plays a very important role in the atmosphere-ionosphere coupling. The Godzilla SDS began on 5th June 2020 in Algeria following a decrease in pressure and spread to other areas across the Sahara between 6th and 28th June 2020. Using SDS data from Copernicus Sentinel-5P satellite mission and Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) data from four GNSS receiver stations: IFR1 (Ifrane Seismic), MELI (Melilla), TETN (Tetouan) and OUCA (Ouca) over Morocco, we investigate the possible ionospheric TEC variability over the four GNSS receiver stations during the Godzilla SDS event which was tracked using the Sentinel-5P Satellite mission. Solar wind parameters: Horizontal component of Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF-Bz), interplanetary Electric Field (IEF-Ey) and solar wind speed (V) and geomagnetic indices: Disturbance Storm Time (Dst) and Planetary K (Kp) indices were examined and showed very minimal geomagnetic influence during the period. We observed major ionospheric disturbances over the four Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver stations on 16th, 17th, 18th, 21st, 22nd, 23rd 25th and 26th June 2020: the period with the Sentinel-5P Aerosol Index (SAI) of more than 4 as recorded by the Sentinel-5P Satellite engine. The daily VTEC values over the four GNSS receiver stations recorded continuous electron density perturbations during these days. Apart from the ionospheric TEC perturbations, significant enhancements and decreases in daily maximum VTEC values over the four GNSS receiver stations were also noted. These were attributed to the changes in the atmospheric electric fields generated by the SDS event. The VTEC plots for each day exhibited similar trends, hence exhibited the same ionospheric dynamics. VTEC depletions of depths 3 to 6 TECU over all the four GNSS receiver stations were noted on 12th, 14th, 17th, 20th and 25th June 2020. Nighttime VTEC enhancements were also noted and majorly occurred between 20:00 and 21:00 UT on 9th, 13th, 15th, 17th, 19th, 20th and 21st June 2020. This was attributed to the development of the electron avalanche processes including dust and electron absorption or losses and the active conversion to electron dissociative attachment leading to electron excitation. In conclusion, the Godzilla SDS of June 2020 led to the electron density perturbations over Morocco.
{"title":"Variability of Ionospheric Total Electron Content Over Morocco During the Godzilla Sand and Dust Storm of June 2020","authors":"Uluma Edward, C. Uga, Athwart Odhiambo, B. Adhikari, S. Gautam, Ndinya Boniface, Omondi George, A. Giri, Dessalegn Teferi, Negasa Belay, A. Silwal","doi":"10.11648/j.ijass.20241201.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20241201.11","url":null,"abstract":"During sand and dust storm (SDS) events, atmospheric suspension and transport of sand and dust brings a reasonable amount of electrification in the atmosphere which plays a very important role in the atmosphere-ionosphere coupling. The Godzilla SDS began on 5<sup>th</sup> June 2020 in Algeria following a decrease in pressure and spread to other areas across the Sahara between 6<sup>th</sup> and 28<sup>th</sup> June 2020. Using SDS data from Copernicus Sentinel-5P satellite mission and Vertical Total Electron Content (VTEC) data from four GNSS receiver stations: IFR1 (Ifrane Seismic), MELI (Melilla), TETN (Tetouan) and OUCA (Ouca) over Morocco, we investigate the possible ionospheric TEC variability over the four GNSS receiver stations during the Godzilla SDS event which was tracked using the Sentinel-5P Satellite mission. Solar wind parameters: Horizontal component of Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF-Bz), interplanetary Electric Field (IEF-Ey) and solar wind speed (V) and geomagnetic indices: Disturbance Storm Time (Dst) and Planetary K (Kp) indices were examined and showed very minimal geomagnetic influence during the period. We observed major ionospheric disturbances over the four Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver stations on 16<sup>th</sup>, 17<sup>th</sup>, 18<sup>th</sup>, 21<sup>st</sup>, 22<sup>nd</sup>, 23<sup>rd</sup> 25<sup>th</sup> and 26<sup>th</sup> June 2020: the period with the Sentinel-5P Aerosol Index (SAI) of more than 4 as recorded by the Sentinel-5P Satellite engine. The daily VTEC values over the four GNSS receiver stations recorded continuous electron density perturbations during these days. Apart from the ionospheric TEC perturbations, significant enhancements and decreases in daily maximum VTEC values over the four GNSS receiver stations were also noted. These were attributed to the changes in the atmospheric electric fields generated by the SDS event. The VTEC plots for each day exhibited similar trends, hence exhibited the same ionospheric dynamics. VTEC depletions of depths 3 to 6 TECU over all the four GNSS receiver stations were noted on 12<sup>th</sup>, 14<sup>th</sup>, 17<sup>th</sup>, 20<sup>th</sup> and 25<sup>th</sup> June 2020. Nighttime VTEC enhancements were also noted and majorly occurred between 20:00 and 21:00 UT on 9<sup>th</sup>, 13<sup>th</sup>, 15<sup>th</sup>, 17<sup>th</sup>, 19<sup>th</sup>, 20<sup>th</sup> and 21<sup>st</sup> June 2020. This was attributed to the development of the electron avalanche processes including dust and electron absorption or losses and the active conversion to electron dissociative attachment leading to electron excitation. In conclusion, the Godzilla SDS of June 2020 led to the electron density perturbations over Morocco.\u0000","PeriodicalId":414846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.11648/j.ijass.20231102.12
Gemechu Muleta Kumssa, Solomon Belay Tessema
{"title":"Protoplanetary Disk Formation in a Self-gravitating Molecular Cloud","authors":"Gemechu Muleta Kumssa, Solomon Belay Tessema","doi":"10.11648/j.ijass.20231102.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20231102.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":414846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139202441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-28DOI: 10.11648/j.ijass.20231102.11
A. Vananti, Yao Lu, T. Schildknecht
{"title":"Attitude Estimation of H2A Rocket Body from Light Curve Measurements","authors":"A. Vananti, Yao Lu, T. Schildknecht","doi":"10.11648/j.ijass.20231102.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20231102.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":414846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139312258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-24DOI: 10.11648/j.ijass.20231101.12
Juliana Nwakaego Odo, Azubuike Christian Ugwoke
{"title":"Effects of Spin Properties on Braking Indices of 208 Glitching Pulsars","authors":"Juliana Nwakaego Odo, Azubuike Christian Ugwoke","doi":"10.11648/j.ijass.20231101.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20231101.12","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":414846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129913342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-21DOI: 10.11648/j.ijass.20231101.11
Robert Bayne Brown
{"title":"A New General Perturbation Method for Determining the Long-Term Motion of Comets","authors":"Robert Bayne Brown","doi":"10.11648/j.ijass.20231101.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijass.20231101.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":414846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122643930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-12DOI: 10.11648/J.IJASS.20210903.11
Joshua Benjamin Wisdom, Suleiman Muhammed Yushau, Gwani Muhammad, Umar Muhammad Kangiwa, Abbas Mustapha, Oladipo Mumin Olatunji
Solar flares are known to produce fast Corona Mass Ejections (CMEs) that can lead to the occurrence of different classes of geomagnetic storms. Severe geomagnetic storms can generate disturbances in the magnetosphere and the ionosphere that can affect communication channels; by disrupting Satellite and navigation systems, such as GPS, Galileo, Compass and GLONASS. During intense Solar flares, enhancement in the ionospheric electron density usually occurs, leading to the absorption of the High Frequency (HF) signals by the ionosphere. Enhancement in the Very Low Frequency (VLF) radio waves (3 – 30 kHz) usually takes place during solar flares. This phenomenon is called Sudden Ionospheric Disturbance (SID). These SIDs serves as an opportunity for the tracking of solar flares using VLF. In this study, the diurnal variation of the VLF signals transmitted from six locations selected from USA, Australia and Japan were used to monitor SIDs. The signals were received using the 0-50 kHz frequency receiver (Super SID Monitor) installed at the Kebbi State University of Science and Technology (KSUST), Aliero, Nigeria (latitude: 12.31°N and Longitude: 4.50°E). The diurnal variation of the VLF signals alongside some magnetic indices (Dst, kp, and ap), solar wind speed and density as well as the solar flux index (f10.7) for the month of February, 2020 was investigated. Results from this study reveal that; the VLF amplitudes appeared to be stronger when the lowest level of the geomagnetic activity was recorded across all stations on the quietest day of the month. During this day, the intensity of the signals received vary across the stations, ranging from 2*104 to 4*107dB. During the disturbed period, decrease in the Disturbance Storm Time (Dst) index was observed to have two minimum excursion with values of -31 and -33 nT, thus indicating a weak geomagnetic storm (-30 -50) event. Consequently a gradual increase in the solar wind speed with a peak value of 520 km/s, significant decrease in the VLF amplitude ranging from 50 – 7*105dB was observed during the weak geomagnetic storm, on 19 February, 2020. It is also evident from this study that the intensity/strength of the VLF signal and its pattern of propagation are greatly affected by the geomagnetic storm. In spite of the changes in the VLF amplitude observed, there was no trace of solar flares during the weak geomagnetic storm. This therefore suggests that not all classes of geomagnetic storms are connected to solar flares.
{"title":"Monitoring of Sudden Ionospheric Disturbance (SID) with 0–50 kHz Frequency Receiver over Aliero, Nigeria","authors":"Joshua Benjamin Wisdom, Suleiman Muhammed Yushau, Gwani Muhammad, Umar Muhammad Kangiwa, Abbas Mustapha, Oladipo Mumin Olatunji","doi":"10.11648/J.IJASS.20210903.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJASS.20210903.11","url":null,"abstract":"Solar flares are known to produce fast Corona Mass Ejections (CMEs) that can lead to the occurrence of different classes of geomagnetic storms. Severe geomagnetic storms can generate disturbances in the magnetosphere and the ionosphere that can affect communication channels; by disrupting Satellite and navigation systems, such as GPS, Galileo, Compass and GLONASS. During intense Solar flares, enhancement in the ionospheric electron density usually occurs, leading to the absorption of the High Frequency (HF) signals by the ionosphere. Enhancement in the Very Low Frequency (VLF) radio waves (3 – 30 kHz) usually takes place during solar flares. This phenomenon is called Sudden Ionospheric Disturbance (SID). These SIDs serves as an opportunity for the tracking of solar flares using VLF. In this study, the diurnal variation of the VLF signals transmitted from six locations selected from USA, Australia and Japan were used to monitor SIDs. The signals were received using the 0-50 kHz frequency receiver (Super SID Monitor) installed at the Kebbi State University of Science and Technology (KSUST), Aliero, Nigeria (latitude: 12.31°N and Longitude: 4.50°E). The diurnal variation of the VLF signals alongside some magnetic indices (Dst, kp, and ap), solar wind speed and density as well as the solar flux index (f10.7) for the month of February, 2020 was investigated. Results from this study reveal that; the VLF amplitudes appeared to be stronger when the lowest level of the geomagnetic activity was recorded across all stations on the quietest day of the month. During this day, the intensity of the signals received vary across the stations, ranging from 2*104 to 4*107dB. During the disturbed period, decrease in the Disturbance Storm Time (Dst) index was observed to have two minimum excursion with values of -31 and -33 nT, thus indicating a weak geomagnetic storm (-30 -50) event. Consequently a gradual increase in the solar wind speed with a peak value of 520 km/s, significant decrease in the VLF amplitude ranging from 50 – 7*105dB was observed during the weak geomagnetic storm, on 19 February, 2020. It is also evident from this study that the intensity/strength of the VLF signal and its pattern of propagation are greatly affected by the geomagnetic storm. In spite of the changes in the VLF amplitude observed, there was no trace of solar flares during the weak geomagnetic storm. This therefore suggests that not all classes of geomagnetic storms are connected to solar flares.","PeriodicalId":414846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science","volume":"202 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116507687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-22DOI: 10.11648/J.IJASS.20210901.11
J. Singh, Ndaman Isah
This paper examines the effects of radiation pressure and triaxiality of two stars (primaries) surrounded by a belt (circumbinarydisc)onthepositionsandstabilityofathirdbodyofaninfinitesimalmassintheframeworkoftheEllipticrestricted three body problem (ER3BP). We have obtained analytical solutions to the triangular equilibrium points and their stability and have also investigated these solutions numerically and graphically using radiating binary system (Xi- Bootis and Kruger 60). It is observed that their positions and stability are affected by semi-major axis, eccentricity of the orbit, triaxiality, radiation pressure of the primaries and potential from the belt. The perturbed parameters show the destabilizing tendency by decreasing the range of stability. The triangular points are found to bestable for 0 < µ < µc where µc is the critical mass parameter. The stability analysis for the binary system yielded a stable outcome when we consider the range of mass parameterµ in the region of the Routhonian critical mass ratio (0.03852) when the effect of circumbinary disc is dominant. We found triaxiality and radition factors inducing instability even within this range.
{"title":"A Study of the Elliptic Restricted Three-Body Problem with Triaxial and Radiating Primaries Surrounded by a Belt","authors":"J. Singh, Ndaman Isah","doi":"10.11648/J.IJASS.20210901.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJASS.20210901.11","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the effects of radiation pressure and triaxiality of two stars (primaries) surrounded by a belt (circumbinarydisc)onthepositionsandstabilityofathirdbodyofaninfinitesimalmassintheframeworkoftheEllipticrestricted three body problem (ER3BP). We have obtained analytical solutions to the triangular equilibrium points and their stability and have also investigated these solutions numerically and graphically using radiating binary system (Xi- Bootis and Kruger 60). It is observed that their positions and stability are affected by semi-major axis, eccentricity of the orbit, triaxiality, radiation pressure of the primaries and potential from the belt. The perturbed parameters show the destabilizing tendency by decreasing the range of stability. The triangular points are found to bestable for 0 < µ < µc where µc is the critical mass parameter. The stability analysis for the binary system yielded a stable outcome when we consider the range of mass parameterµ in the region of the Routhonian critical mass ratio (0.03852) when the effect of circumbinary disc is dominant. We found triaxiality and radition factors inducing instability even within this range.","PeriodicalId":414846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128391548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-19DOI: 10.11648/J.IJASS.20200803.12
V. Bhatnagar
The recently observed Wall in the daytime zonal winds in the thermosphere from O (1S) and O (1D) emissions by the WINDII instrument on the UARS satellite in the high latitudinal region during 1994 to 1996, has been interpreted in terms of NCAR-TIGCM models. The strong westward polar wind (convergence) and weaker eastward winds equator wards of it (divergence), potentially generating localized vertical flows, overlap the dayside high density and equatorward of it low density neutral Cells’ regions in the models. The models indicate that the Cells and the Wall separating them exist at all solar and geomagnetic activities. These Cells in the thermosphere can transport neutral gas vertically down in the convergence region and up in the divergence region thus moving the associated emissions as observed in the data. Since the diameter of these Cells can reach up to 2000 km, the resulting enhanced emissions may have scale size of about 20° in latitude and longitude. The idealized transport time is under 8 minutes for up to 100 km for these observations during quiet solar and geomagnetic conditions. Once the transporting Cell’s temperature / density reaches that of the ambient atmosphere they disappear and other Cells will partake in this process at these latitudes and times.
{"title":"Coupling of the Localized Wind Wall at High Latitudes to the Lower Thermosphere by Neutral Cells","authors":"V. Bhatnagar","doi":"10.11648/J.IJASS.20200803.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJASS.20200803.12","url":null,"abstract":"The recently observed Wall in the daytime zonal winds in the thermosphere from O (1S) and O (1D) emissions by the WINDII instrument on the UARS satellite in the high latitudinal region during 1994 to 1996, has been interpreted in terms of NCAR-TIGCM models. The strong westward polar wind (convergence) and weaker eastward winds equator wards of it (divergence), potentially generating localized vertical flows, overlap the dayside high density and equatorward of it low density neutral Cells’ regions in the models. The models indicate that the Cells and the Wall separating them exist at all solar and geomagnetic activities. These Cells in the thermosphere can transport neutral gas vertically down in the convergence region and up in the divergence region thus moving the associated emissions as observed in the data. Since the diameter of these Cells can reach up to 2000 km, the resulting enhanced emissions may have scale size of about 20° in latitude and longitude. The idealized transport time is under 8 minutes for up to 100 km for these observations during quiet solar and geomagnetic conditions. Once the transporting Cell’s temperature / density reaches that of the ambient atmosphere they disappear and other Cells will partake in this process at these latitudes and times.","PeriodicalId":414846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131819516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-05DOI: 10.11648/J.IJASS.20190706.12
Prince Awojoodu Soji
This research work was carried out, to find the importance of computerized analysis on spoilage of sweet orange, before harvest and carriage to market in Nigeria. 4 Local governments, namely: (Ife East, Ife South, Ife Central and Ife North), local government areas were sampled. 3,200 open questionnaires were distributed to the 4 Local Governments, out of which 800 was used for farmers in each local government. A total of 32 different locations were visited and sampled in all the four Local Governments, out of which 100 questionnaires were used in each location. It was gathered that above 75% of the people supported that, the computerized analysis on spoilage of sweet orange, before harvest and carriage to market in Nigeria, was important, while less than 25% of the people, could not even understand whether there was any need, for the importance of computerized analysis on spoilage of sweet orange, before harvest and carriage to market in Nigeria or mot. The results from the questionnaires when using Pearson one-tailed correlation coefficient, however revealed that there was no significant difference from all the farmers visited and sampled, [p < 0.01] and [p < 0.05] table 5. This shows a strong positive correlation, which implying that, the importance of computerized analysis on spoilage of sweet orange, before harvest and carriage to market in Nigeria, is strongly influenced and enhanced farmer’s support, from the four local government areas, visited and sampled, in Ile-Ife Kingdom of Osun State, and Nigeria in general, and therefore had made the research work to become a reality, [p < 0.01] and [p < 0.05], table 5 respectively. The reasons may be due to the fact that, sweet oranges are not only, an excellent source and very rich in vitamin C, folic acid; it is also as a good source of dietary fiber, containing a host of other important nutrient element like: folate, thiamine, niacin, phosphorus, magnesium and copper. They are a good source of B vitamins including vitamin B1, pantothene acid and folate as well as vitamin A, calcium, copper and potassium and are also known to be fat free, sodium free and cholesterol free. Histogram with curve was used to depict the summary data of each of the local government areas sampled.
{"title":"The Importance of Computerized Analysis on Spoilage of Sweet Orange (Citrus Sinensis), Before Harvest and Carriage to Market, in Nigeria","authors":"Prince Awojoodu Soji","doi":"10.11648/J.IJASS.20190706.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJASS.20190706.12","url":null,"abstract":"This research work was carried out, to find the importance of computerized analysis on spoilage of sweet orange, before harvest and carriage to market in Nigeria. 4 Local governments, namely: (Ife East, Ife South, Ife Central and Ife North), local government areas were sampled. 3,200 open questionnaires were distributed to the 4 Local Governments, out of which 800 was used for farmers in each local government. A total of 32 different locations were visited and sampled in all the four Local Governments, out of which 100 questionnaires were used in each location. It was gathered that above 75% of the people supported that, the computerized analysis on spoilage of sweet orange, before harvest and carriage to market in Nigeria, was important, while less than 25% of the people, could not even understand whether there was any need, for the importance of computerized analysis on spoilage of sweet orange, before harvest and carriage to market in Nigeria or mot. The results from the questionnaires when using Pearson one-tailed correlation coefficient, however revealed that there was no significant difference from all the farmers visited and sampled, [p < 0.01] and [p < 0.05] table 5. This shows a strong positive correlation, which implying that, the importance of computerized analysis on spoilage of sweet orange, before harvest and carriage to market in Nigeria, is strongly influenced and enhanced farmer’s support, from the four local government areas, visited and sampled, in Ile-Ife Kingdom of Osun State, and Nigeria in general, and therefore had made the research work to become a reality, [p < 0.01] and [p < 0.05], table 5 respectively. The reasons may be due to the fact that, sweet oranges are not only, an excellent source and very rich in vitamin C, folic acid; it is also as a good source of dietary fiber, containing a host of other important nutrient element like: folate, thiamine, niacin, phosphorus, magnesium and copper. They are a good source of B vitamins including vitamin B1, pantothene acid and folate as well as vitamin A, calcium, copper and potassium and are also known to be fat free, sodium free and cholesterol free. Histogram with curve was used to depict the summary data of each of the local government areas sampled.","PeriodicalId":414846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127999695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-26DOI: 10.11648/J.IJASS.20190706.11
U. Shahzad
The health of an astronaut is a major ingredient to accomplish a mission in space. Science has introduced many different inventions that are assisting mankind in many ways even in space. This research comprises of a grounded theory that has been further partially accepted by a survey on undergraduate health nutritionists for the protection of the health of an astronaut in space craft. When a human is in space there are many factors that can lead to muscular problems. To reduce the risk of muscular problems of legs in space a bed pedal theory for invention is presented to 200 undergraduate health nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan and their responses are taken for further inventing the bed pedal. The author has estimated that without any fatigue a person can utilize 150 calories by exercising with a bed pedal for approximately thirty minutes by taking very less area compared to a stationary bike even in small space crafts it can be easily attached to any place feasible for an astronaut to exercise. This research is based on quantitative research method to analyze a hypothesis that is built on the bed pedal invention theory by taking responses via closed-ended questionnaires for the results. The findings are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and t-test showing partial acceptance on the idea of this theory. The study has implications for the International Space Station Research and Development and Pakistan Aeronautics and Space Administration (if established) for future application.
{"title":"Bed Pedal Theory for Space Craft Using Grounded Approach: A Survey on Undergraduate Health Nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan","authors":"U. Shahzad","doi":"10.11648/J.IJASS.20190706.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/J.IJASS.20190706.11","url":null,"abstract":"The health of an astronaut is a major ingredient to accomplish a mission in space. Science has introduced many different inventions that are assisting mankind in many ways even in space. This research comprises of a grounded theory that has been further partially accepted by a survey on undergraduate health nutritionists for the protection of the health of an astronaut in space craft. When a human is in space there are many factors that can lead to muscular problems. To reduce the risk of muscular problems of legs in space a bed pedal theory for invention is presented to 200 undergraduate health nutritionists in Lahore Pakistan and their responses are taken for further inventing the bed pedal. The author has estimated that without any fatigue a person can utilize 150 calories by exercising with a bed pedal for approximately thirty minutes by taking very less area compared to a stationary bike even in small space crafts it can be easily attached to any place feasible for an astronaut to exercise. This research is based on quantitative research method to analyze a hypothesis that is built on the bed pedal invention theory by taking responses via closed-ended questionnaires for the results. The findings are analyzed by using descriptive statistics, correlation and t-test showing partial acceptance on the idea of this theory. The study has implications for the International Space Station Research and Development and Pakistan Aeronautics and Space Administration (if established) for future application.","PeriodicalId":414846,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Astrophysics and Space Science","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127856316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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