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AGE ASPECTS OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT最新文献

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LEADER’S ABILITY TO ENSURE THE ESSENTIAL MILITARY STUDY GROUP COHESION LEVEL 领导的能力是保证军队学习小组凝聚力水平的必要条件
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36059/978-966-397-185-8/19-36
O. Volobuieva
INTRODUCTION The professionalization process of the future officer as the future military specialist begins since the very first day of entering the higher military educational establishment when the professional competence formation of every individual in the particular study group is started and the group as human system develops under the tough control of the group leader and the number of well-educated lectures, teachers and trainers. In this particular well-organized system the professional individual development of group members and the very group as an organized system take place step by step and the role of group cohesion as one of the principle factors which determines the professional growing of the future specialists is of vital importance. The current personality development paradigm of the professional training of the personnel of all the categories of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine requires from every unit leader to create the necessary didactic-psycho-pedagogical conditions for the effective communication while carrying out moral-psychological providing of the border guards professional activity. The investigation topicality of this problem is stipulated by the necessity of rise in effectiveness and quality of the borderguard officers professional training, search of the successful vectors of optimization of the moralpsychological providing system, on the one hand, and on the other hand, by the not enough development level of the cadets – the future borderguard officers organizational abilities. In this context it is essential to emphasize the importance of taking into the unit leader’s account the socio-
从进入高等军事教育机构的第一天起,未来军官作为未来军事专家的专业化进程就开始了,在小组领导和受过良好教育的讲师、教师和培训师的数量的严格控制下,特定学习小组中每个人的专业能力形成开始了,小组作为人的系统发展起来。在这个特殊的组织良好的系统中,群体成员和群体本身作为一个有组织的系统的专业个人发展是逐步发生的,而群体凝聚力作为决定未来专家专业成长的主要因素之一的作用是至关重要的。目前乌克兰国家边防军各类人员专业培训的人格发展范式要求每个单位领导在开展边防军专业活动的道德心理提供的同时,为有效沟通创造必要的教学-心理-教学条件。提高边防军官专业培训的实效性和质量的必要性,寻找道德心理供给体系优化的成功载体,以及学员发展水平不够——未来边防军官组织能力的不足,决定了这一问题的调查时效性。在这种情况下,有必要强调考虑到单位领导的社会利益的重要性
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引用次数: 0
AGING AND SELF-DEVELOPMENT: PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS 衰老与自我发展:心理问题
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36059/978-966-397-185-8/1-18
M. Smulson
INTRODUCTION Old age is a rather ambiguous period of life, which has not received enough attention in modern developmental psychology. It was not until the beginning of the 21st century that society began to fight against ageism, that is, against prejudice against old age, rejection or neglect of the elderly. It is clear that this is due, first of all, to the apparent aging of humanity around the world, the steady increase in the number of older people in society. For centuries, age distribution has looked like a pyramid, on top of which there are people that have reached old age. Now a sharp increase in life expectancy and a decline in fertility, especially in developed countries, have turned this pyramid into a mushroom with a massive hat. It is estimated that in 2060, the number of Americans over the age of 65 will double comparing to the current number – 92 million (20 percent). And nowadays, the most common diseases in the world are geriatric, namely, cardiovascular, cancer, diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. Moreover, it is obvious that the boundary between adulthood and old age, and even between youth and old age is increasingly blurred and disappears, there is no specific moment of initiation from maturity to old age. In addition, today young people, and sometimes even the elderly, are actively involved in professional activities in many fields (economics, technology, culture, etc.). The retirement age is steadily rising, despite the protests of young people, sometimes quite active and rigid (France is a prime example). However, these protests are not related to the professional potential of the elderly, which almost no one questions, but to the struggles of young people for jobs. At the same time, employees often find it necessary to rely on the specialist’s experience, which is related to his or her age and skills and wisdom acquired throughout life. On the other hand, such a situation certainly requires from an elderly professional constant selfdevelopment, professional and personal growth, which will block his / her lag from social and technological progress. This section is devoted to psychological problems of self-design and self-development.
老年是一个相当模糊的生命阶段,在现代发展心理学中没有得到足够的重视。直到21世纪初,社会才开始反对年龄歧视,即反对对老年人的偏见,拒绝或忽视老年人。很明显,这首先是由于世界范围内人类的明显老龄化,社会中老年人数量的稳步增加。几个世纪以来,年龄分布看起来就像一个金字塔,金字塔的顶端是已经进入老年的人。现在,预期寿命的急剧增加和生育率的下降,尤其是在发达国家,已经把这个金字塔变成了一个带着巨大帽子的蘑菇。据预测,到2060年,65岁以上的美国人将比目前的9200万人(20%)增加一倍。如今,世界上最常见的疾病是老年病,即心血管病、癌症、糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病。而且,很明显,成年和老年,甚至青年和老年之间的界限越来越模糊和消失,没有从成熟到老年的具体起始时刻。此外,今天的年轻人,有时甚至是老年人,都积极参与许多领域(经济、技术、文化等)的专业活动。尽管有年轻人的抗议,退休年龄仍在稳步上升,有时年轻人相当积极和死板(法国就是一个典型的例子)。然而,这些抗议活动与几乎没有人质疑的老年人的职业潜力无关,而是与年轻人的就业斗争有关。与此同时,员工经常发现有必要依靠专家的经验,这与他或她的年龄、技能和一生中获得的智慧有关。另一方面,这种情况当然需要一个老年专业人员不断的自我发展,专业和个人成长,这将阻止他/她落后于社会和技术进步。这一部分是关于自我设计和自我发展的心理问题。
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引用次数: 0
THE ROLE AND PLACE OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN THE FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL COMMUNICATIVE ACTIVITY 外语交际能力在专业交际活动形成中的作用和地位
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36059/978-966-397-185-8/90-101
Kateryna Oleksandrenko
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引用次数: 0
THE TEACHER’S EMOTIONAL COMPETENCE IN SUBJECT-SUBJECT INTERACTION WITH FUTURE OFFICERS-BORDER GUARDS IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE LEARNING ENVIRONMENT 外语学习环境下教师与未来边防军官主体互动的情感能力
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36059/978-966-397-185-8/37-57
Valentyna Hrishko-Dunaievska
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引用次数: 0
PSYCHOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMPETENCE FORMATION IN THE MONOLOGIC SPEECH OF FUTURE PHILOLOGISTS 未来语言学家在单一语言中外语能力形成的心理特点
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36059/978-966-397-185-8/102-119
H. Bahrii
INTRODUCTION In the context of integration into a common educational space with the countries of the European Union, the language skills of the Ukrainian university graduates must also meet the common European requirements for proficiency in non-native languages. These include the ability to freely participate in any conversation and discussion, having a variety of idiomatic and colloquial means of speech. The problem of foreign language competence formation in monologue speech remains relevant, since it needs consideration in the context of a competency-based approach that will allow it to be reconciled with others language and language competences – components of foreign language communicative competence, the formation of which is the purpose of learning foreign languages and cultures in educational institutions. The problem of teaching monologue speech has a leading place in the scientific and methodological literature. The problem under study is considered by many methodologists such as B. Skalkin 1 , G. Rogova 2 , I. Zimnaya 3 , S. Passov 4 , M. Bukharkina 5 and many others. Psychological, pedagogical and methodological literature covers the experience of methodological organization of teaching monologic speech: a number of domestic and foreign studies devoted to the structure of speaking, general theoretical issues of teaching monologue (such as linguistic) and
在融入与欧洲联盟国家共同教育空间的背景下,乌克兰大学毕业生的语言技能也必须满足欧洲对非母语熟练程度的共同要求。这包括自由参与任何对话和讨论的能力,拥有各种习惯用语和口语化的讲话方式。在独白演讲中外语能力形成的问题仍然是相关的,因为它需要在能力为基础的方法的背景下进行考虑,这将使它与其他语言和语言能力——外语交际能力的组成部分——相协调,而外语交际能力的形成是在教育机构中学习外语和文化的目的。独白演讲的教学问题在科学和方法论文献中占有主导地位。许多方法学家,如B. Skalkin 1、G. Rogova 2、I. Zimnaya 3、S. Passov 4、M. Bukharkina 5和许多其他人,都在考虑这个问题。心理学、教育学和方法论文献涵盖了独白教学的方法论组织的经验:许多国内外研究致力于说话的结构,独白教学的一般理论问题(如语言学)和
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引用次数: 0
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL TRAINING AS AN EFFECTIVE METHOD FOR FORMING COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS OF BORDER GUARD CADETS 社会心理训练是培养边防学员交际能力的有效手段
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36059/978-966-397-185-8/75-89
Valentyn Demskyi
INTRODUCTION The specificity of the future profession makes increasing moral demands on the border guard officer. These requirements act as a generally pedagogical idea, which should be based on wisdom, kindness, tact, ambition, demandingness, education, national consciousness of a person who has his own firm convictions, strong moral principles, able to courageously defend them, free and independent, person respected by subordinates and commanders. Interpersonal relationships, both objectively experienced and to a different degree conscious relationship between people, are closely linked to different types of social interactions. Interpersonal relationships within different forms of social relations are the direct realization of impersonal relationships in the activities of specific individuals in the acts of their communication and interaction 1 (Vygotskij, 1956). Thus, the formation of communicative skills is a reflection of the socio-cultural situation in the country, in the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine and relates to the socio-cultural situation as a single with the general, and the statement of the problem of the culture of interpersonal relations of border guard officers from psychological point of view seems to be a psychological aspect. Intercourse or communication, is one form of human interaction. As a process of information exchange that reflects the results of people’s reflection of reality, communication is an integral part of their social existence and a means of forming and functioning of their consciousness, individual and social. Thanks to communication there is organization of appropriate interaction of people in the course of joint activities, the transfer of experience, work and household skills, identification and satisfaction of spiritual needs. Also, while communication with the objects of professional interaction, future border guard officers will decide on the job tasks, and it is therefore
未来职业的特殊性对边防人员的道德要求越来越高。这些要求作为一种普遍的教育理念,应该建立在智慧、善良、机智、雄心、要求、教育、民族意识的基础上,这个人有自己坚定的信念,强烈的道德原则,能够勇敢地捍卫这些原则,自由独立,受到下属和指挥官的尊重。人际关系既是客观体验的关系,也是不同程度的人之间有意识的关系,它与不同类型的社会互动密切相关。不同形式的社会关系中的人际关系是特定个体在其交流和互动行为中的非人格关系在其活动中的直接实现1 (Vygotskij, 1956)。因此,交际技能的形成反映了该国的社会文化状况,在乌克兰国家边防局中,与社会文化状况作为单一的整体有关,而从心理学角度对边防局官员人际关系文化问题的陈述似乎是一个心理学方面的问题。交往或交流是人类互动的一种形式。沟通是反映人们对现实反思结果的信息交换过程,是人们社会存在的组成部分,是个体意识和社会意识形成和发挥作用的手段。由于沟通,人们在共同活动、经验、工作和家庭技能的传递、精神需求的识别和满足的过程中有了适当的互动组织。同时,在与专业互动对象的沟通中,未来边防军官将决定工作任务,因此
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引用次数: 0
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CONTENT AND STRUCTURE OF COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCI ES OF BORDERGUARD CADETS 边防学员交际能力内容与结构的社会心理学分析
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.36059/978-966-397-185-8/58-74
Halyna Topolnytska
INTRODUCTION The fundamental theoretical basis for interdisciplinary research in the problems of personality development and formation, to which the culture of interpersonal relations belongs, is the provision on the human social essence. The personality crystallizes in own psychological structure of social relations, and at the same time personality. becomes their object and subject. The category of «relationship» becomes the «common territory, a subject that belongs at the same time to both psychology and ethics.» S. Rubinstein noted that relationships are «the core of real-life psychology», «the realm of the» intersection «of psychology with ethics» 1 (Rubinshtein, 1989). Using the category of relations as the basic one, one should pay attention to the concept of relations V. Myasishchev, who characterized the study of relations as «... an important approach in psychology, which combines the objective with the subjective, external with internal» 2 (Miasishchev, 1995a). From this point of view, the relationship as a subject-subject relationship is not only a socio-psychological but also a cultural category, that is, in the phenomenon of relations, the unity of psychological and social is realized. The concept of relations of V. Myasishchev foresees at least four points when analyzing the phenomenon of “relationship” itself. Firstly, this is the need for another, in which V. Myasishchev understood «... the cognitive tendency to master another person» 3 (Miasishchev, 1995b). This is a distinction between two basic needs: the need for communication and the need for co-operation. Secondly, it is an interest in the other as an «active emotional-cognitive attitude to another person.» The scientist distinguished two types of interest: interest in the personal sphere, that is, experiences, feelings and unique originality and interest in the
人际关系文化属于人格发展与形成问题的跨学科研究,其基本理论基础是对人类社会本质的规定。人格在自身社会关系的心理结构中具体化,同时也是人格的具体化。成为他们的客体和主体。“关系”的范畴成为“共同的领域”,一个同时属于心理学和伦理学的主题。鲁宾斯坦指出,人际关系是“现实生活心理学的核心”,是“心理学与伦理学的“交集”领域”1(鲁宾斯坦,1989)。把关系范畴作为基本范畴,我们应该注意关系的概念。Myasishchev把关系研究描述为“……这是心理学中的一种重要方法,它将客观与主观、外部与内部结合在一起”2 (Miasishchev, 1995)。从这个角度来看,作为主体与主体关系的关系不仅是一种社会心理范畴,而且是一种文化范畴,即在关系现象中实现了心理与社会的统一。Myasishchev的关系概念在分析“关系”现象本身时至少预见了四点。首先,这是另一种需要,其中v.m Myasishchev理解“……控制他人的认知倾向3 (Miasishchev, 1995)。这是对两种基本需求的区分:沟通的需求和合作的需求。其次,它是对他人的一种“积极的情感认知态度”。科学家区分了两种类型的兴趣:对个人领域的兴趣,即经验、感受和独特的原创性和兴趣
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AGE ASPECTS OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
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