Pub Date : 2007-11-26DOI: 10.1504/IJAAC.2007.015845
V. Kariwala, J. Forbes, S. Skogestad
The requirement that the system and its block diagonal elements have the same unstable poles limits the applicability of μ interaction measure (μ-IM) to stable systems. We propose an extension of the conventional μ-IM to overcome this difficulty. The decentralized controller is designed based on a block diagonal approximation that is different from the block diagonal elements and is selected by minimizing the scaled L∞ distance between the system and the approximation. We also present a simple method for designing the decentralized controller based on the approximation. The proposed method is useful for system stabilization using independent designs of the decentralized controller
{"title":"μ-Interaction Measure for Unstable Systems","authors":"V. Kariwala, J. Forbes, S. Skogestad","doi":"10.1504/IJAAC.2007.015845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJAAC.2007.015845","url":null,"abstract":"The requirement that the system and its block diagonal elements have the same unstable poles limits the applicability of μ interaction measure (μ-IM) to stable systems. We propose an extension of the conventional μ-IM to overcome this difficulty. The decentralized controller is designed based on a block diagonal approximation that is different from the block diagonal elements and is selected by minimizing the scaled L∞ distance between the system and the approximation. We also present a simple method for designing the decentralized controller based on the approximation. The proposed method is useful for system stabilization using independent designs of the decentralized controller","PeriodicalId":415827,"journal":{"name":"2006 9th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130578906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-08DOI: 10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345267
Yu Shi, R. Taib, Serge Lichman
Smart camera, or an intelligent camera, is an embedded vision system which captures and processes image to extract application-specific information in real time. Smart cameras are used in many applications such as automatic control systems, machine vision systems, automatic video surveillance systems and human computer interfaces. What makes a smart camera 'smart' is a special processing unit inside the camera which performs application specific information processing, for example, skin color detection and motion detection for surveillance purpose. The design of smart camera as an embedded system is challenging because on one hand video processing has insatiable demand for performance and power, and on the other hand embedded systems place considerable constraints on the design. We present our work in progress to build GestureCam, an FPGA-based smart camera that can recognize simple pre-defined head and hand gestures. As an application of the GestureCam, we present the design of a GestureBrowser, an extension to the Mozilla Firefox browser which uses the GestureCam to capture and recognize a user's head and hand gesture commands to control Web navigation. The GestureBrowser idea is a step further toward next generation natural human computer interaction. Also presented is a proof of concept work for the GestureBrowser idea, using a Webcam as image capture device
{"title":"GestureCam: A Smart Camera for Gesture Recognition and Gesture-Controlled Web Navigation","authors":"Yu Shi, R. Taib, Serge Lichman","doi":"10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345267","url":null,"abstract":"Smart camera, or an intelligent camera, is an embedded vision system which captures and processes image to extract application-specific information in real time. Smart cameras are used in many applications such as automatic control systems, machine vision systems, automatic video surveillance systems and human computer interfaces. What makes a smart camera 'smart' is a special processing unit inside the camera which performs application specific information processing, for example, skin color detection and motion detection for surveillance purpose. The design of smart camera as an embedded system is challenging because on one hand video processing has insatiable demand for performance and power, and on the other hand embedded systems place considerable constraints on the design. We present our work in progress to build GestureCam, an FPGA-based smart camera that can recognize simple pre-defined head and hand gestures. As an application of the GestureCam, we present the design of a GestureBrowser, an extension to the Mozilla Firefox browser which uses the GestureCam to capture and recognize a user's head and hand gesture commands to control Web navigation. The GestureBrowser idea is a step further toward next generation natural human computer interaction. Also presented is a proof of concept work for the GestureBrowser idea, using a Webcam as image capture device","PeriodicalId":415827,"journal":{"name":"2006 9th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122547506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-05DOI: 10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345483
F. Alonso-Fernandez, R. Veldhuis, A. Bazen, Julian Fierrez, J. Ortega-Garcia
Information fusion in fingerprint recognition has been studied in several papers. However, only a few papers have been focused on sensor interoperability and sensor fusion. In this paper, these two topics are studied using a multisensor database acquired with three different fingerprint sensors. Authentication experiments using minutiae and ridge-based matchers are reported. Results show that the performance drops dramatically when matching images from different sensors. We have also observed that fusing scores from different sensors results in better performance than fusing different instances from the same sensor
{"title":"Sensor Interoperability and Fusion in Fingerprint Verification: A Case Study using Minutiae-and Ridge-Based Matchers","authors":"F. Alonso-Fernandez, R. Veldhuis, A. Bazen, Julian Fierrez, J. Ortega-Garcia","doi":"10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345483","url":null,"abstract":"Information fusion in fingerprint recognition has been studied in several papers. However, only a few papers have been focused on sensor interoperability and sensor fusion. In this paper, these two topics are studied using a multisensor database acquired with three different fingerprint sensors. Authentication experiments using minutiae and ridge-based matchers are reported. Results show that the performance drops dramatically when matching images from different sensors. We have also observed that fusing scores from different sensors results in better performance than fusing different instances from the same sensor","PeriodicalId":415827,"journal":{"name":"2006 9th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133716940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-05DOI: 10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345146
Nicolas Thome, S. Miguet
Automatic detection of a falling person in video sequences is an important part of future pervasive home monitoring systems. We propose here a robust method to achieve this goal. Motion is modeled by a hierarchical hidden Markov model (HHMM) whose first layer states are related to the orientation of the tracked person. Finding a consistent way for robustly linking the observation vector to the human poses is the heart of our contribution. In that sense, we carefully study the relationship between angles in the 3D world and their projection onto the image plane. After performing an initial image metric rectification, we derive theoretical properties making it possible to bound the error angle introduced by the image formation process for a standing posture. This allows us to confidently identify other poses as "non-standing" ones, and thus to robustly analyze pose sequences against a given motion model. Several results illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm by pointing out its ability to accurately recognize a person falling down from another walking or sitting, as well as its capacity to run in an unspecified configuration
{"title":"A HHMM-Based Approach for Robust Fall Detection","authors":"Nicolas Thome, S. Miguet","doi":"10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345146","url":null,"abstract":"Automatic detection of a falling person in video sequences is an important part of future pervasive home monitoring systems. We propose here a robust method to achieve this goal. Motion is modeled by a hierarchical hidden Markov model (HHMM) whose first layer states are related to the orientation of the tracked person. Finding a consistent way for robustly linking the observation vector to the human poses is the heart of our contribution. In that sense, we carefully study the relationship between angles in the 3D world and their projection onto the image plane. After performing an initial image metric rectification, we derive theoretical properties making it possible to bound the error angle introduced by the image formation process for a standing posture. This allows us to confidently identify other poses as \"non-standing\" ones, and thus to robustly analyze pose sequences against a given motion model. Several results illustrate the efficiency of the algorithm by pointing out its ability to accurately recognize a person falling down from another walking or sitting, as well as its capacity to run in an unspecified configuration","PeriodicalId":415827,"journal":{"name":"2006 9th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116487039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-05DOI: 10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345480
B. Boom, G. Beumer, L. Spreeuwers, R. Veldhuis
In this paper we investigate the effect of image resolution on the error rates of a face verification system. We do not restrict ourselves to the face recognition algorithm only, but we also consider the face registration. In our face recognition system, the face registration is done by finding landmarks in a face image and subsequent alignment based on these landmarks. To investigate the effect of image resolution we performed experiments where we varied the resolution. We investigate the effect of the resolution on the face recognition part, the registration part and the entire system. This research also confirms that accurate registration is of vital importance to the performance of the face recognition algorithm. The results of our face recognition system are optimal on face images with a resolution of 32 times 32 pixels
{"title":"The Effect of Image Resolution on the Performance of a Face Recognition System","authors":"B. Boom, G. Beumer, L. Spreeuwers, R. Veldhuis","doi":"10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345480","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we investigate the effect of image resolution on the error rates of a face verification system. We do not restrict ourselves to the face recognition algorithm only, but we also consider the face registration. In our face recognition system, the face registration is done by finding landmarks in a face image and subsequent alignment based on these landmarks. To investigate the effect of image resolution we performed experiments where we varied the resolution. We investigate the effect of the resolution on the face recognition part, the registration part and the entire system. This research also confirms that accurate registration is of vital importance to the performance of the face recognition algorithm. The results of our face recognition system are optimal on face images with a resolution of 32 times 32 pixels","PeriodicalId":415827,"journal":{"name":"2006 9th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132001268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-05DOI: 10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345479
Q. Tao, R. Veldhuis
For user verification on a personal digital assistant (PDA), a fast and simple system is developed. In the enrollment phase, face detection and registration are done by a Viola-Jones based method, taking advantage of its accuracy and speed. The face feature vectors obtained this way are then used to build up a face space specific to the user by principal component analysis (PCA). Furthermore, the face variations caused by small registration shifts are also modeled, in order to better capture the variation in the face space, and simplify the enrollment. Current experiments show that this system is fast, efficient, and accurate
{"title":"Verifying a User in a Personal Face Space","authors":"Q. Tao, R. Veldhuis","doi":"10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345479","url":null,"abstract":"For user verification on a personal digital assistant (PDA), a fast and simple system is developed. In the enrollment phase, face detection and registration are done by a Viola-Jones based method, taking advantage of its accuracy and speed. The face feature vectors obtained this way are then used to build up a face space specific to the user by principal component analysis (PCA). Furthermore, the face variations caused by small registration shifts are also modeled, in order to better capture the variation in the face space, and simplify the enrollment. Current experiments show that this system is fast, efficient, and accurate","PeriodicalId":415827,"journal":{"name":"2006 9th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116869457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345405
Xiangjian He, Huaqing Wang, N. Hur, W. Jia, Qiang Wu, Jinwoong Kim, T. Hintz
Hexagonal structure is different from the traditional square structure for image representation. The geometrical arrangement of pixels on hexagonal structure can be described in terms of a hexagonal grid. Uniformly separating image into seven similar copies with a smaller scale has commonly been used for parallel and accurate image processing on hexagonal structure. However, all the existing hardware for capturing image and for displaying image are produced based on square architecture. It has become a serious problem affecting the advanced research based on hexagonal structure. Furthermore, the current techniques used for uniform separation of images on hexagonal structure do not coincide with the rectangular shape of images. This has been an obstacle in the use of hexagonal structure for image processing. In this paper, we briefly review a newly developed virtual hexagonal structure that is scalable. Based on this virtual structure, algorithms for uniform image separation are presented. The virtual hexagonal structure retains image resolution during the process of image separation, and does not introduce distortion. Furthermore, images can be smoothly and easily transferred between the traditional square structure and the hexagonal structure while the image shape is kept in rectangle
{"title":"Uniformly Partitioning Images on Virtual Hexagonal Structure","authors":"Xiangjian He, Huaqing Wang, N. Hur, W. Jia, Qiang Wu, Jinwoong Kim, T. Hintz","doi":"10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345405","url":null,"abstract":"Hexagonal structure is different from the traditional square structure for image representation. The geometrical arrangement of pixels on hexagonal structure can be described in terms of a hexagonal grid. Uniformly separating image into seven similar copies with a smaller scale has commonly been used for parallel and accurate image processing on hexagonal structure. However, all the existing hardware for capturing image and for displaying image are produced based on square architecture. It has become a serious problem affecting the advanced research based on hexagonal structure. Furthermore, the current techniques used for uniform separation of images on hexagonal structure do not coincide with the rectangular shape of images. This has been an obstacle in the use of hexagonal structure for image processing. In this paper, we briefly review a newly developed virtual hexagonal structure that is scalable. Based on this virtual structure, algorithms for uniform image separation are presented. The virtual hexagonal structure retains image resolution during the process of image separation, and does not introduce distortion. Furthermore, images can be smoothly and easily transferred between the traditional square structure and the hexagonal structure while the image shape is kept in rectangle","PeriodicalId":415827,"journal":{"name":"2006 9th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115279511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345427
Chee Pin Tan, C. Edwards, Y. Kuang
This paper presents an observer based robust sensor fault reconstruction scheme. A popular observer based robust fault detection method is eigenstructure assignment; where the observer has certain eigenvectors, resulting in the fault detection scheme being decoupled from disturbances. This paper firstly investigates the existence conditions for the right eigenvector assignment method. Then an alternative scheme using reduced order observers is presented, with existence conditions that are less restrictive than that of right eigenvector assignment, whilst still being decoupled from disturbances. Following that, it proposes a design method for the observer using linear matrix inequalities. A design example validates the work in this paper; where the fault reconstruction scheme is totally decoupled from any disturbances
{"title":"Robust Sensor Fault Reconstruction Using A Reduced Order Linear Observer","authors":"Chee Pin Tan, C. Edwards, Y. Kuang","doi":"10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345427","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an observer based robust sensor fault reconstruction scheme. A popular observer based robust fault detection method is eigenstructure assignment; where the observer has certain eigenvectors, resulting in the fault detection scheme being decoupled from disturbances. This paper firstly investigates the existence conditions for the right eigenvector assignment method. Then an alternative scheme using reduced order observers is presented, with existence conditions that are less restrictive than that of right eigenvector assignment, whilst still being decoupled from disturbances. Following that, it proposes a design method for the observer using linear matrix inequalities. A design example validates the work in this paper; where the fault reconstruction scheme is totally decoupled from any disturbances","PeriodicalId":415827,"journal":{"name":"2006 9th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115612872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345137
B. Hredzak, G. Herrmann, C. Du
Servo actuators used in hard disk drives have to be able to move from one track to another track as fast as possible in order to enable fast access to the data. This paper improves short-span seeking performance of a proposed compensator based control system for a dual-stage servo actuator. Short-span seeking performance is improved by replacing a constant saturation non-linearity in the secondary loop of the dual-stage control system by a variable saturation non-linearity. The variable saturation ensures secondary actuator signal boundedness and at the same time modulates the control error to be fed into the secondary control loop. This results in a significantly faster response of the secondary actuator and hence faster seeking times. The improvement in seeking times is most significant for short range seeks that are within the range of the secondary actuator. Both simulation and experimental results comparing the performance of a dual-stage servo actuator with constant and with variable saturation in the secondary loop are presented. The use of a variable saturation shows significant improvement in short-span seeking performance
{"title":"Enhancement of Short-Span Seeking in a Dual-Stage Seek-Track Following Control Using Variable Saturation","authors":"B. Hredzak, G. Herrmann, C. Du","doi":"10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345137","url":null,"abstract":"Servo actuators used in hard disk drives have to be able to move from one track to another track as fast as possible in order to enable fast access to the data. This paper improves short-span seeking performance of a proposed compensator based control system for a dual-stage servo actuator. Short-span seeking performance is improved by replacing a constant saturation non-linearity in the secondary loop of the dual-stage control system by a variable saturation non-linearity. The variable saturation ensures secondary actuator signal boundedness and at the same time modulates the control error to be fed into the secondary control loop. This results in a significantly faster response of the secondary actuator and hence faster seeking times. The improvement in seeking times is most significant for short range seeks that are within the range of the secondary actuator. Both simulation and experimental results comparing the performance of a dual-stage servo actuator with constant and with variable saturation in the secondary loop are presented. The use of a variable saturation shows significant improvement in short-span seeking performance","PeriodicalId":415827,"journal":{"name":"2006 9th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115623293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345423
Shimguang Wu, Tao Zhao, Christopher Broaddus, Changjiang Yang, Manmohan Aggarwal
An algorithm to estimate pan, tilt and zoom (PTZ) parameters of a PTZ camera from meta data and frame-to-frame (F2F) correspondences at different sampling rates is proposed in a real-time video surveillance and automatic object tracking system. Two extended Kalman filters are designed to simultaneously estimate zoom and pan-tilt parameters. Uncorrelated constant velocity models are used to model the kinematics of focal length, pan and tilt motions, while the F2F homography is employed to model the relative motion of the camera. Experiment results from both synthetic and realtime system data demonstrate that the F2F correspondence information can enhance the PTZ estimation accuracy as long as its error is smaller than a particular threshold
{"title":"Robust Pan, Tilt and Zoom Estimation for PTZ Camera by Using Meta Data and/or Frame-to-Frame Correspondences","authors":"Shimguang Wu, Tao Zhao, Christopher Broaddus, Changjiang Yang, Manmohan Aggarwal","doi":"10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICARCV.2006.345423","url":null,"abstract":"An algorithm to estimate pan, tilt and zoom (PTZ) parameters of a PTZ camera from meta data and frame-to-frame (F2F) correspondences at different sampling rates is proposed in a real-time video surveillance and automatic object tracking system. Two extended Kalman filters are designed to simultaneously estimate zoom and pan-tilt parameters. Uncorrelated constant velocity models are used to model the kinematics of focal length, pan and tilt motions, while the F2F homography is employed to model the relative motion of the camera. Experiment results from both synthetic and realtime system data demonstrate that the F2F correspondence information can enhance the PTZ estimation accuracy as long as its error is smaller than a particular threshold","PeriodicalId":415827,"journal":{"name":"2006 9th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127197901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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