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A MAC-based performance study of energy-aware routing schemes in wireless ad hoc networks
Pub Date : 2002-11-17 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2002.1188039
A. Safwat, H. Hassanein, H. Mouftah
The intricate problem of energy conservation in wireless ad hoc networks is of great significance due to the limited battery capacity of the participating mobile devices. However, the simulation studies carried out for table-driven, on-demand, and cluster-based ad hoc routing protocols fall short of examining essential power-based performance metrics, such as average node and network lifetime, energy-based protocol fairness, average dissipated energy per protocol, and standard deviation of the energy dissipated by each individual node. In this paper, we present a thorough energy-based performance study of power-aware routing schemes for wireless mobile ad hoc networks. Our energy consumption model is based on a detailed implementation of the IEEE 802.11 physical layer convergence protocol (PLCP) and medium access control (MAC) sublayers. To our best knowledge, this is the first such detailed performance study. Some implications for power-efficient protocol design In ad hoc wireless networks are also discussed.
由于参与无线自组网的移动设备的电池容量有限,无线自组网中复杂的节能问题具有重要意义。然而,对表驱动的、按需的和基于集群的自组织路由协议进行的仿真研究缺乏检查基本的基于功率的性能指标,例如平均节点和网络寿命、基于能量的协议公平性、每个协议的平均耗散能量以及每个单独节点耗散能量的标准偏差。在本文中,我们提出了一个全面的基于能量的性能研究无线移动自组织网络的功率感知路由方案。我们的能耗模型是基于IEEE 802.11物理层收敛协议(PLCP)和介质访问控制(MAC)子层的详细实现。据我们所知,这是第一次如此详细的性能研究。本文还讨论了在自组织无线网络中节能协议设计的一些启示。
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引用次数: 23
Multi-user discrete bit-loading for DMT-based DSL systems 基于dmt的DSL系统的多用户离散位加载
Pub Date : 2002-11-17 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2002.1188399
Jungwon Lee, R. Sonalkar, J. Cioffi
This paper investigates the multiuser bit and power allocation problem in discrete multi-tone digital subscriber line modems. A spectrum-management center with knowledge of direct and crosstalk-coupled channel gains allocates the bits and the available power to the subchannels for all users in a common binder. The center uses a multiuser discrete bit-loading algorithm that attempts to minimize the total transmit power given a target sum-rate. This algorithm extends the greedy algorithm for the single-user channel to the multi-user channel. Simulation results for the upstream transmission in very high-speed digital subscriber line show that the total power can be reduced using the multi-user discrete bit-loading algorithm instead of applying. the single-user greedy algorithm iteratively.
研究了离散多音数字用户线路调制解调器中的多用户位和功率分配问题。了解直接和串扰耦合信道增益的频谱管理中心将位和可用功率分配给公共绑定器中所有用户的子信道。该中心使用多用户离散比特加载算法,该算法试图在给定目标和速率的情况下最小化总发射功率。该算法将单用户通道的贪心算法扩展到多用户通道。对超高速数字用户线路上行传输的仿真结果表明,采用多用户离散位加载算法可以降低传输总功率。单用户贪婪迭代算法。
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引用次数: 56
Efficient evaluation of exact error probability for optimum combining of M-ary PSK signals m -玛利PSK信号最优组合精确误差概率的有效评估
Pub Date : 2002-11-17 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2002.1188431
M. Chiani, M. Win, A. Zanella, J. Winters
In this paper, we derive an exact expression for the symbol error probability (SEP) for coherent detection of M-ary PSK signals using array of antennas with optimum combining in a Rayleigh fading environment. The proposed analytical framework is based on the theory of orthogonal polynomials and we give an effective technique to derive the SEP involving only one integral with finite integration limits. The result is general and valid for an arbitrary number of receiving antennas or co-channel interferers.
本文推导了在瑞利衰落环境下,利用最佳组合天线阵列对m -玛利PSK信号进行相干检测时的符号误差概率(SEP)的精确表达式。所提出的解析框架基于正交多项式理论,并给出了一种有效的方法来推导只涉及一个积分的有限积分极限的SEP。该结果对任意数量的接收天线或同信道干扰具有通用性和有效性。
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引用次数: 5
Routing and wavelength assignment issues in the presence of wavelength conversion for all-optical networks 全光网络中存在波长转换的路由和波长分配问题
Pub Date : 2002-11-17 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2002.1189137
Xiaowen Chu, Bo Li, K. Sohraby, Zhensheng Zhang
Existing research demonstrates that an effective routing and wavelength assignment (RWA) strategy and a proper wavelength converter placement algorithm are the two primary vehicles for improving the blocking performance of wavelength-routed network. However, these two issues have largely been investigated, separately in that the existing RWA algorithms seldom consider the presence of wavelength conversion. We argue in this paper that any RWA algorithm needs to take into account the underlying wavelength conversion for two reasons: (1) wavelength converter placement is usually done at a much earlier stage during capacity planning; and (2) one of the key advantages of an all-optical network is its reconfigurability in that the network topology can be changed through routing and wavelength assignment. We propose a weighted least-congestion routing and first-fit wavelength assignment (WLCR-FF) RWA algorithm in conjunction with a heuristic wavelength converter placement algorithm called minimum blocking probability first (MBPF) that considers both the distribution of free wavelengths and the lengths of each route jointly. Using both analysis and simulation, we carry out extensive studies to compare the performance of the proposed algorithms over a variety of topologies. The results demonstrate that the proposed WLCR-FF algorithm can achieve much better blocking performance than static routing, fixed-alternate routing and least-loaded routing algorithms, in the environment of sparse or/and full wavelength conversion.
现有研究表明,有效的路由和波长分配(RWA)策略和适当的波长转换器放置算法是提高波长路由网络阻塞性能的两个主要载体。然而,由于现有的RWA算法很少考虑波长转换的存在,这两个问题已经分别进行了大量的研究。我们在本文中认为,任何RWA算法都需要考虑底层波长转换,原因有两个:(1)波长转换器的放置通常在容量规划的早期阶段完成;(2)全光网络的一个关键优点是其可重构性,即网络拓扑可以通过路由和波长分配来改变。我们提出一种加权最小拥塞路由和第一拟合波长分配(WLCR-FF) RWA算法,并结合一种称为最小阻塞概率优先(MBPF)的启发式波长转换器放置算法,该算法同时考虑了自由波长的分布和每条路由的长度。使用分析和模拟,我们进行了广泛的研究,以比较所提出的算法在各种拓扑结构上的性能。结果表明,在稀疏或/和全波长转换环境下,WLCR-FF算法比静态路由、固定交替路由和最小负载路由算法具有更好的阻塞性能。
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引用次数: 10
Pointer forwarding MIPv6 mobility management 指针转发MIPv6移动管理
Pub Date : 2002-11-17 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2002.1189009
Chen-Hung Chu, C. Weng
Widespread use of the Internet at an explosive pace and progress in the operation and deployment of networks have increased the number of people whose lives are tightly involved with this global medium. In wide area deployment, heavy signaling traffic and the handoff latencies due to mobile IP registration could be high if the distance between the visited network and the home network of a Mobile Node is large. Also, base stations with small cells yield frequent handoffs, and requiring a registration with a distant Home Agent and Corresponding Nodes for each such local handoff increases overheads and further aggravates packet loss. This paper, proposes an approach to allowing Mobile Nodes to use a cascaded tunneling scheme in a mobile IP network, called Pointer Forwarding MIPv6 Mobility Management (PFMIPv6) strategy. This approach reduces the cost of updating distant Home Agent and Corresponding Nodes, which greatly reduces the number of signaling messages in the network Furthermore, the Tunneling Chain of a Mobile Node is determined dynamically with no need for preliminary definitions of static anchors or regions. The results of this work demonstrate that the new strategy yields lower average costs than the MIFv6 method, when MNs move fast, but packets are rarely received.
互联网以爆炸性的速度广泛使用,网络的运行和部署取得进展,使生活与这一全球媒介密切相关的人数增加。在广域部署中,如果访问网络与移动节点的家庭网络之间的距离较大,则由于移动IP注册而产生的大量信令流量和切换延迟可能会很高。此外,具有小单元的基站会产生频繁的切换,并且每次这样的本地切换都需要向远程Home Agent和相应节点注册,这增加了开销,并进一步加剧了数据包丢失。本文提出了一种允许移动节点在移动IP网络中使用级联隧道方案的方法,称为指针转发MIPv6移动管理(PFMIPv6)策略。该方法降低了远程本地代理和相应节点的更新成本,大大减少了网络中信令消息的数量,并且移动节点的隧道链是动态确定的,不需要预先定义静态锚点或区域。这项工作的结果表明,当MNs快速移动时,新策略比MIFv6方法产生更低的平均成本,但数据包很少收到。
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引用次数: 25
Effective traffic grooming in WDM rings WDM环中有效的业务疏导
Pub Date : 2002-11-17 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2002.1189125
Abdur R. B. Billah, Bin Wang, A. Awwal
Much work has focused on traffic grooming in WDM ring networks. Previous work has considered many aspects of traffic grooming, including minimizing the number of ADMs, minimizing the number of wavelengths, single hub and multiple hub architectures, switching capabilities, etc. We derive general and tighter bounds on the number of wavelengths in WDM ring networks that may be capable of switching streams across wavelengths. We also study traffic grooming in unswitched UPSRs (unidirectional path-switched rings) and derive a more general lower bound for the number of ADMs required in traffic grooming. This bound reduces to special cases first obtained by E. Modiano and A. Chiu (see IEEE J. of Light-wave Technology, 2000). A cost-effective multi-phase traffic grooming algorithm is proposed and studied for UPSRs. Our numerical results show that this algorithm outperforms existing traffic grooming algorithms, resulting in traffic grooming that uses a lower number of ADMs. Our algorithm in many cases also reaches the general lower bound derived.
许多工作都集中在WDM环网中的流量疏导上。以前的工作考虑了流量梳理的许多方面,包括最小化adm的数量,最小化波长的数量,单集线器和多集线器架构,交换能力等。我们推导了WDM环形网络中波长数的一般和更严格的界限,这些网络可能能够跨波长切换流。我们还研究了未交换upsr(单向路径交换环)中的流量疏导,并推导了流量疏导所需的adm数量的更一般的下界。这一界限减少到由E. Modiano和A. Chiu首先得到的特殊情况(参见IEEE J. of Light-wave Technology, 2000)。提出并研究了一种高性价比的多阶段业务量疏导算法。我们的数值结果表明,该算法优于现有的流量梳理算法,导致使用更少的adm数量的流量梳理。我们的算法在很多情况下也达到了推导出的一般下界。
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引用次数: 12
Performance of the time hopping modified PSM system on the AWGN channel 时变跳变PSM系统在AWGN信道上的性能
Pub Date : 2002-11-17 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2002.1188517
F. Ono, H. Habuchi
A time hopping modified PSM system using pseudo-noise (PN) codes is proposed. The time hopping modified PSM system uses the several PN codes, and it transmits information by the interval between the successive PN codes. The bit error rate performance and the synchronization performance of the proposed system on the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel are evaluated by theoretical analysis. As a result, there is the optimum preamble pattern for bringing the probability of block error that takes into account the synchronization performance close to the lower bound. The efficiency of the time hopping modified PSM system is greater than that of the conventional SS-PPM system.
提出了一种基于伪噪声(PN)码的跳时改进PSM系统。跳时改进PSM系统利用多个PN码,利用连续PN码之间的间隔进行信息传输。通过理论分析,评价了该系统在加性高斯白噪声信道上的误码率性能和同步性能。因此,在考虑同步性能的情况下,存在使块错误概率接近下界的最佳前导模式。改进的时间跳变PSM系统比传统的SS-PPM系统效率更高。
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引用次数: 2
Symmetric prime-sequence codes for all-optical code-division multiple-access local-area networks 全光码分多址局域网的对称素序列码
Pub Date : 2002-11-17 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2002.1188993
Pham Manh Lam
The construction of a new symmetric code for use in all-optical code-division multiple-access (CDMA) local-area networks (LANs) is described. The new code, which is derived from prime-sequence code allows to design fully programmable all-optical encoder and decoder suitable for low-loss, high-capacity, optical CDMA LANs. It is also shown that the number of codewords of the new code is larger than that of the original prime-sequence code and the 2/sup n/ prime-sequence code of the same length. Therefore, optical CDMA LANs using the new code can have a larger number of potential subscribers. The cross-correlation characteristic of the new code is also investigated and the BER performance of the code is evaluated. It is shown that the performance of the new code is better than that of the prime-sequence code of the same length.
介绍了一种用于全光码分多址(CDMA)局域网的新型对称码的构造。该编码源自于素数序列编码,可以设计完全可编程的全光编码器和解码器,适用于低损耗、高容量的光学CDMA局域网。新码的码字数比原素数码和相同长度的2/sup n/素数码的码字数要多。因此,使用新编码的光CDMA局域网可以拥有更多的潜在用户。研究了新码的互相关特性,并对码的误码率性能进行了评价。结果表明,新编码的性能优于相同长度的素数序列编码。
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引用次数: 1
A novel low-complexity near-ML multiuser detector for DS-CDMA and MC-CDMA systems 一种适用于DS-CDMA和MC-CDMA系统的新型低复杂度近ml多用户检测器
Pub Date : 2002-11-17 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2002.1188128
Yi-Lin Li, Yumin Lee
We propose a novel low-complexity multi-user detection algorithm based on tree search for a unified signal model that applies to both direct sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA) and multi-carrier CDMA (MC-CDMA) systems. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms most previously proposed multi-user detection schemes, and can achieve near-optimal (maximum likelihood) performance with very low complexity.
提出了一种基于树搜索的低复杂度多用户检测算法,该算法适用于直接序列码分多址(DS-CDMA)和多载波CDMA (MC-CDMA)系统。仿真结果表明,该算法优于大多数先前提出的多用户检测方案,能够以极低的复杂度实现接近最优(最大似然)的性能。
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引用次数: 11
Random multiple access algorithm for mobile packet wireless networks with implementation of multiuser diversity 实现多用户分集的移动分组无线网络随机多址算法
Pub Date : 2002-11-17 DOI: 10.1109/GLOCOM.2002.1188046
O. O. Vasilenko
Within the framework of a more effective usage of reverse channel spectrum resources in the mobile packet wireless networks a new algorithm of random multiple access is introduced. The algorithm enables us to exploit the differences in signal fadings of different mobile terminals competing for a common access channel. We also consider an example of the algorithm usage which provides a multiple access in a spread spectrum network. Certain results of the computer simulation and comparative analysis with CSMA/CA are given.
在移动分组无线网络中,为了更有效地利用反向信道频谱资源,提出了一种新的随机多址算法。该算法使我们能够利用不同移动终端在竞争一个公共接入信道时信号衰落的差异。我们还考虑了在扩频网络中提供多址访问的算法使用示例。给出了一定的计算机仿真结果以及与CSMA/CA的对比分析。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Global Telecommunications Conference, 2002. GLOBECOM '02. IEEE
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